Large-scale motor carbon brush rapid adjusting and switching device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly discloses a large motor carbon brush rapid adjusting and switching device which comprises a motor shaft, a rotor and a commutator are arranged at the two ends of the motor shaft respectively, an end cover is arranged on the periphery of the commutator, and a carbon brush ring frame and an adjusting ring are arranged in the end cover. Two groups of carbon brush limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the carbon brush ring frame in the radial direction, a carbon brush assembly is arranged in each carbon brush limiting groove, a guide column is arranged on the side face of each carbon brush assembly, a guide closed-loop groove acting with the guide columns is formed in the side face, facing the carbon brush ring frame, of the adjusting ring, and two inwards-concave sections are symmetrically arranged on the guide closed-loop groove; an adjusting switching mechanism for driving the adjusting ring to rotate is arranged on the end cover; according to the large motor carbon brush rapid adjusting and switching device, the switching and adjusting process of the large motor carbon brush can be very simple and rapid, and the problems that in the existing motor carbon brush replacing process, time and labor are wasted, and the equipment outage time is long are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular discloses a fast adjustment and switching device for carbon brushes of a large motor. Background Art

[0002] Compared to brushless motors, brushed motors offer lower manufacturing costs and simpler structures. However, they are noisy and require regular carbon brush replacement, making them widely used as power sources for large fans. Existing large brushed motors require operators to disassemble the motors and replace the carbon brushes after each period of operation to ensure stable operation. Due to the bulk of large motors, disassembly and assembly is time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in significant equipment downtime and making it difficult to guarantee continuous and stable operation.

[0003] The invention patent with application number 202011644556.6 discloses an improved carbon brush, a carbon brush mechanism and a motor. The carbon brush includes a carbon brush inner layer and a carbon brush outer layer. The carbon brush outer layer is covered on the outside of the carbon brush inner layer. The carbon brush inner layer and the carbon brush outer layer are coaxially arranged and the lengths of the two extending along the central axis are the same; the resistivity of the carbon brush inner layer is lower than that of the carbon brush outer layer; the carbon brush mechanism includes a carbon brush holder, an elastic element and a carbon brush. The carbon brush holder is provided with an accommodating hole, and the carbon brush is slidably accommodated in the accommodating hole. The elastic element is arranged at one end of the carbon brush to push the carbon brush out of the accommodating hole. The carbon brush and carbon brush mechanism disclosed in this invention patent utilizes an elastic element to radially push the carbon brush toward the commutator on the motor shaft during operation. During the wear of the carbon brush, the supporting force of the elastic element can be utilized to ensure that the carbon brush is always in contact with the commutator to achieve circuit connection, which can reduce the frequency of carbon brush replacement to a certain extent. However, the carbon brush is placed inside the motor housing. Once the carbon brush is exhausted, the motor needs to be manually disassembled before the carbon brush can be replaced. This is especially troublesome for some large motors, and is time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in long equipment downtime. Therefore, in response to the shortcomings of carbon brush replacement in traditional brushed motors, this application proposes a large-scale motor carbon brush rapid adjustment and switching device that can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a large motor carbon brush quick adjustment and switching device, so that after the carbon brush is worn out, new carbon brushes can be quickly replaced and put into use without disassembly, thereby ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A large motor carbon brush rapid adjustment and switching device comprises a motor shaft, with a rotor and a commutator respectively provided at both ends of the motor shaft, an end shield provided on the periphery of the commutator, a carbon brush ring frame fixedly provided in the end shield and an adjustment ring provided for coaxial rotation, two groups of radially arranged carbon brush limiting grooves symmetrically provided on the carbon brush ring frame, and the sector angles between the carbon brush limiting grooves in the same group are set equal, a carbon brush assembly is provided in each of the carbon brush limiting grooves, and a guide column is provided on the side of the carbon brush assembly facing the adjustment ring; A guide closed-loop groove that interacts with the guide column is provided on the side of the adjustment ring facing the carbon brush ring frame, and two inwardly concave sections are symmetrically provided on the guide closed-loop groove. An adjustment switching mechanism for driving the adjustment ring to rotate is provided on the end cover.

[0006] As a further configuration of the above solution, the radial outer ends of the carbon brush assemblies in the same group are commonly connected to arc-shaped conductive strips through wires, and the arc-shaped conductive strips are connected to the connection terminals provided through the end shields.

[0007] As a further configuration of the above scheme, the carbon brush assembly includes an insulating shell adapted to the carbon brush limiting groove, a carbon brush block is connected to the insulating shell through a first spring, and the radial inner end of the carbon brush block extends out of the insulating shell, and the wire is connected to the radial outer end of the carbon brush block and extends out of the insulating shell.

[0008] As a further arrangement of the above scheme, the adjustment switching mechanism includes a transmission box arranged on the outer circular surface of the end cover, and the transmission box is connected to the end cover, a worm is rotatably arranged in the transmission box, and a screwing part is provided at the end of the worm extending out of the transmission box, and worm gear teeth meshing with the worm are provided on the outer circular surface of the adjustment ring.

[0009] As a further arrangement of the above scheme, a side housing is provided on the end face of the transmission case, a locking gear is provided on the outer circular surface of the worm located inside the side housing, a pull pin is inserted into the side housing, a tooth block that acts on the inner end of the pull pin and interacts with the locking gear is provided, and a second spring is connected between the tooth block and the side housing.

[0010] As a further configuration of the above solution, an angle pointer is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the worm extending out of the side housing.

[0011] As a further configuration of the above scheme, the end cover includes a detachably connected cover body and a sealing ring, a connecting strip connected to the carbon brush ring frame is provided on the inner end face of the sealing ring, and a first bearing that acts on the motor shaft is provided on the cover body away from the sealing ring.

[0012] As a further configuration of the above solution, a rotating ring is concentrically provided at one end of the adjusting ring away from the carbon brush ring frame, and a second bearing connected to the rotating ring is provided in the cover body.

[0013] When the carbon brushes need to be replaced, the disclosed large-scale motor carbon brush rapid adjustment and switching device simply rotates the screwing portion to rotate the worm in the transmission case. The meshing action of the worm and worm wheel teeth then causes the adjustment ring to rotate within the end shield. During the adjustment ring's rotation, the guide closed-loop groove on its end face rotates synchronously, causing the concave section of the guide closed-loop groove to adjust from the position of the old carbon brush assembly to the position of the new carbon brush assembly. The guide post and the concave section then push the carbon brush assembly directly radially downward until the radial inner end of the brush block in the carbon brush assembly tightly fits the outer circumference of the commutator, ensuring stable circuit connection during motor rotation.

[0014] Furthermore, even if the brush block gradually wears out during operation, the support force of the first spring will ensure that the radially inner end of the brush block remains in contact with the commutator until the entire brush block is completely worn out. Finally, when all spare brush assemblies are completely worn out, the end shield can be separated from the motor housing and replaced with two new sets of brush assemblies before operation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The large-scale motor carbon brush quick adjustment and switching device disclosed in the present invention can rotate the adjustment ring to a certain angle by adjusting the switching mechanism after the carbon brushes are worn out. Then, under the action of the guide column on the carbon brush assembly and the concave section in the guide closed-loop groove, the old carbon brush block can be moved radially outward to separate from the commutator, and the new carbon brush block can be moved radially inward to fit into contact with the commutator, thereby achieving the effect of quickly switching the carbon brush assembly without the need to disassemble the motor to replace the carbon brushes; the entire large-scale motor carbon brush switching and adjustment process is very simple and quick, which effectively solves the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive carbon brush replacement in the existing motor, resulting in long equipment downtime.

[0016] The carbon brush assembly in the present invention can also maintain good contact with the commutator through the support of the first spring even after the carbon brush block is worn out in real time until the carbon brush block is completely worn out, thereby effectively increasing the service life of the carbon brush assembly and reducing the replacement frequency of the carbon brush block.

[0017] The present invention further optimizes the design of the adjustment switching mechanism, utilizing the combined action of the locking gear and the tooth block to achieve locking of the adjustment switching mechanism, thereby avoiding the loosening of the adjustment switching mechanism caused by high-frequency vibration during the operation of the large fan, thereby enabling the carbon brush assembly to stably contact with the commutator, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire large fan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealing ring, carbon brush ring frame, carbon brush assembly, etc. in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cover body, adjustment ring, etc. in the present invention from a first angle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cover body, adjustment ring, etc. in the present invention from a second angle; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the carbon brush assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the worm, draw pin, etc. in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Figures 1 to 7 , and describes the application in detail with reference to embodiments. Example 1

[0022] Example 1 discloses a large motor carbon brush fast adjustment switching device, refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 , including a motor shaft 1 and an end shield 2. The motor shaft 1 is arranged to pass through the central axis of the end shield 2, and a rotor 3 extending into the interior of the motor housing (not shown) is arranged at one end thereof, and a commutator 4 located inside the end shield 2 is arranged at the other end. The end shield 2 and the motor housing are detachably connected by bolts and other connecting parts.

[0023] Reference Attachment Figures 2 to 5 The end shield 2 includes a shield body 201 and a sealing ring 202. A first bearing 203 connected to the motor shaft 1 is provided at the center of one end face of the shield body 201. The other end is open and detachably connected to the sealing ring 202 via bolts or other connecting parts. A connecting strip 204 is provided on the inner end face of the sealing ring 202 and extends axially into the shield body 201. A concentrically arranged carbon brush ring frame 5 is detachably connected to the connecting strip 204. Two groups of radially arranged carbon brush limiting grooves 501 are symmetrically provided on the carbon brush ring frame 5, and the fan-shaped angles between the carbon brush limiting grooves 501 in the same group are set to be equal. Specifically, each group of carbon brush limiting grooves 501 is provided with between 3 and 6, and the fan-shaped angles of the carbon brush limiting grooves 501 in the same group are set to between 8 and 12 degrees. A carbon brush assembly 6 is movably arranged in each carbon brush limiting groove 501, and then the radial outer ends of the same group of carbon brush assemblies 6 are connected to an arc-shaped conductive bar 8 through a wire 7. The arc-shaped conductive bar 8 is connected to the terminal 205 set through the sealing ring 202, so that the two groups of carbon brush assemblies 6 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the external circuit.

[0024] Reference Attachment Figure 6 Specifically, the carbon brush assembly 6 comprises an insulating housing 601 adapted to fit within the carbon brush retaining groove 501. A carbon brush block 602 is inserted into the radially inner end of the insulating housing 601. The radially inner end of the carbon brush block 602 is configured as an arc surface that mates with the commutator 4. A first spring 603, connected to the insulating housing 601, is disposed at the radially outer end. The wire 7 then passes through the insulating housing 601 and extends into the interior, connecting to the radially outer end of the carbon brush block 602. Finally, a guide post 604 is fixedly attached to the side of each insulating housing 601 facing the first bearing 203.

[0025] An adjustment ring 9, concentrically aligned with the carbon brush ring holder 5, is disposed within the housing 201 near the first bearing 203. The side of the adjustment ring 9 facing the carbon brush ring holder 5 is provided with a guide closed-loop groove 901 that interacts with the guide posts 604 in all carbon brush assemblies 6. Two radially inwardly recessed concave sections 902 are symmetrically disposed within the guide closed-loop groove 901. When the concave sections 902 interact with the guide posts 604, the corresponding carbon brush assembly 6 moves inward along the carbon brush limiting groove 501, thereby bringing it into contact with the commutator 4. A rotating ring 903 is fixedly connected to the other side of the adjustment ring 9, and a second bearing 206 is disposed within the housing 201 to interact with the rotating ring 903, thereby enabling the adjustment ring 9 to rotate stably within the housing 201.

[0026] A transmission case 10 is mounted on the outer circumference of the housing 201 and is in communication with the interior of the housing 201. A worm 11 is rotatably mounted within the transmission case 10, one end of which is connected to a screwing portion 12 extending from the transmission case 10. Worm gear teeth 904 are also mounted on the outer circumference of the adjustment ring 9, interacting with the worm 11. Rotating the screwing portion 12, coupled to the worm 11 and worm gear teeth 904, causes the adjustment ring 9 to rotate about its central axis.

[0027] The operation method and working principle of the large motor carbon brush rapid adjustment switching device disclosed in this embodiment 1 are as follows: When the motor runs for a long time and the carbon brush block 602 in the current carbon brush assembly 6 is worn out, even under the action of the first spring 603, the radial inner end of the carbon brush block 602 cannot be stably fitted with the commutator 4, so the motor will become unstable.

[0028] Upon discovering this, the staff member directly rotates the screwing portion 12, causing the adjustment ring 9 to rotate about its own central axis under the drive of the worm 11 and the worm gear teeth 904. During the rotation of the adjustment ring 9, the guide closed-loop groove 901 on its end surface also rotates synchronously until the rotation angle of the concave section 902 on the guide closed-loop groove 901 equals the fan-shaped angle of the same set of carbon brush limiting grooves 501. This causes the worn carbon brush assembly 6 to move radially outward, separating from the commutator 4 and maintaining a certain distance. The next new carbon brush assembly 6 will move radially inward due to the interaction between the guide post 604 and the concave section 902, thereby causing the carbon brush block 602 in the carbon brush assembly 6 to fit tightly against the commutator 4 and compressing the first spring 603. During the subsequent operation of the motor, the carbon brush block 602 will fit tightly against the commutator 4 and gradually wear out. However, due to the supporting force of the first spring 603, the carbon brush block 602 can fit tightly against the commutator 4 within a certain operating cycle, ensuring the operating stability of the entire motor.

[0029] When all the carbon brush assemblies 6 in the motor are worn out, during the annual major overhaul, the end cover 2 is directly disassembled, and new carbon brush assemblies 6 and arc-shaped conductive strips 8 are replaced. After the external power circuit is connected, the motor can be put into use again. Example 2

[0030] Example 2 discloses a large motor carbon brush rapid adjustment and switching device that is further optimized and improved based on the technical solution in Example 1. The similarities between it and Example 1 will not be described again.

[0031] Reference Attachment Figure 7A side housing 13 is mounted on the end face of the transmission case 10 where the worm 11 extends. A locking gear 14 is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the worm 11, located within the side housing 13. A pull pin 15 is inserted into the upper end of the side housing 13. A tooth block 16 is mounted on the inner end of the pull pin 15, interacting with the locking gear 14. A second spring 17 is connected between the tooth block 16 and the side housing 13. Finally, an angle pointer 18 is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the worm 11 extending from the side housing 13.

[0032] In the second embodiment, the above-mentioned structural improvement design is adopted. During the operation of the motor, the second spring 17 causes the locking tooth block 16 to mesh with the locking gear 14, thereby locking the entire worm gear transmission mechanism, thereby preventing the vibration generated during the operation of the motor from causing the worm 11 to rotate, thereby driving the adjustment ring 9 to rotate, and thus affecting the stable contact between the carbon brush assembly 6 and the commutator 4.

[0033] When it is necessary to switch the carbon brush assembly 6, first lift the pull pin 15 upward to release the locked state of the worm gear transmission mechanism, and then adjust the worm 11. During the adjustment process of the worm 11, the angle pointer 18 can be used to accurately obtain the number of full revolutions of the worm 11, thereby achieving the effect of accurately controlling the rotation angle of the adjustment ring 9, ensuring that the new carbon brush assembly 6 can be stably fitted with the commutator 4 after each adjustment, thereby achieving long-term stable operation of the motor.

[0034] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large motor carbon brush quick adjustment switching device, comprising a motor shaft, with a rotor and a commutator respectively provided at both ends of the motor shaft, characterized in that: An end shield is provided on the periphery of the commutator, wherein a carbon brush ring frame is fixedly provided in the end shield and an adjustment ring is provided for coaxial rotation. Two groups of radially arranged carbon brush limiting grooves are symmetrically opened on the carbon brush ring frame, and the sector angles between the carbon brush limiting grooves in the same group are set equal. A carbon brush assembly is provided in each of the carbon brush limiting grooves, and a guide column is provided on the side of the carbon brush assembly facing the adjustment ring; A guide closed-loop groove that interacts with the guide column is provided on the side of the adjustment ring facing the carbon brush ring frame, and two inwardly concave sections are symmetrically provided on the guide closed-loop groove. An adjustment switching mechanism for driving the adjustment ring to rotate is provided on the end cover.

2. The large motor carbon brush quick adjustment switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial outer ends of the carbon brush assemblies in the same group are all connected to arc-shaped conductive strips through wires, and the arc-shaped conductive strips are connected to the wiring terminals provided through the end shield.

3. The large motor carbon brush quick adjustment and switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon brush assembly includes an insulating shell adapted to the carbon brush limiting groove, a carbon brush block is connected to the insulating shell via a first spring, and the radial inner end of the carbon brush block extends out of the insulating shell, and the wire is connected to the radial outer end of the carbon brush block and extends out of the insulating shell.

4. The large motor carbon brush quick adjustment and switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment switching mechanism includes a transmission box arranged on the outer circular surface of the end cover, and the transmission box is connected to the end cover. A worm is rotatably arranged in the transmission box, and a screwing part is provided at the end of the worm extending out of the transmission box. Worm gear teeth meshing with the worm are provided on the outer circular surface of the adjustment ring.

5. The large motor carbon brush rapid adjustment and switching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A side housing is provided on the end face of the transmission case, a locking gear is provided on the outer circular surface of the worm located in the side housing, a pulling pin is inserted into the side housing, a tooth block that acts on the locking gear is provided at the inner end of the pulling pin, and a second spring is connected between the tooth block and the side housing.

6. The large motor carbon brush quick adjustment and switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An angle pointer is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the worm extending out of the side housing.

7. The large motor carbon brush quick adjustment and switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end cover includes a detachably connected cover body and a sealing ring. A connecting strip connected to the carbon brush ring frame is provided on the inner end surface of the sealing ring. A first bearing that acts on the motor shaft is provided on the cover body away from the sealing ring.

8. The large motor carbon brush rapid adjustment and switching device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rotating ring is coaxially arranged at one end of the adjusting ring away from the carbon brush ring frame, and a second bearing connected to the rotating ring is arranged in the cover body.

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