Complex limited underground outer wall diagonal bracing type single-side formwork erecting construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a complex limited underground outer wall inclined strut type single-side formwork erecting construction method, which relates to the technical field of underground outer walls and comprises the steps of outer wall waterproof construction, direct burial inclined strut fixing of steel pipes, surveying and setting out, steel bar binding, formwork erecting, concrete pouring, formwork dismounting, concrete curing and the like. The common problem that a formwork cannot be normally erected on a limited outer wall can be solved, the waterproof performance of the outer wall is greatly improved, and the hidden danger of leakage is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground exterior wall construction, in particular to a diagonally braced single-side formwork construction method for a complex and restricted underground exterior wall. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization in my country, today's cities are densely populated and the environmental conditions are complex. In order to protect surrounding buildings (structures), such as houses, high-voltage lines, river embankments, and integrated pipeline corridors, new buildings often lead to tight land red lines, resulting in narrow gaps in fertilizer troughs and inability to construct basement exterior walls normally. In response to the above problems, a new exterior wall construction method is urgently needed. With the upgrading and reconstruction of cities in my country, some buildings no longer meet the requirements of the times and are demolished. New buildings are planned and built on the demolished sites, while the surrounding remaining buildings are numerous. The land red lines are very tight, the distance between the underground exterior walls and the supports is narrow, and the double-sided formwork of the exterior walls is difficult. This situation is everywhere, further deepening the demand for developing new technologies to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a diagonally braced single-sided formwork construction method for complex and restricted underground exterior walls.

[0004] The present invention provides a complex and restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-sided formwork construction method, comprising the following steps: S1. External wall waterproofing construction: The external wall waterproofing construction of the basement is carried out in advance, and waterproofing construction is carried out on the support and water-stop curtain structure to form an integrated waterproof and water-stopping composite layer; S2. Directly bury the diagonal bracing fixed steel pipes: Pre-buried several rows of vertical steel pipes in the base plate or floor slab to reinforce the diagonal bracing steel pipes or diagonal bracing channel steels, forming a stable and reliable diagonal bracing system to prevent the diagonal bracing from sliding and prevent the later template from overturning; S3. Surveying and setting out: axis surveying, elevation transfer, verticality control; S4. Rebar Binding: During the construction of the base plate, insert the reinforcement at the corresponding position of the exterior wall, install the water-stop steel plate at the same time, and review the forming quality of the water-stop steel plate. After the reinforcement binding is completed, the reinforcement cover control measures are constructed; S5. Formwork support: The wall formwork is reinforced with diagonal bracing; a top support is set at one end of the diagonal bracing to be tightly connected to the main rib of the formwork, and the other end is locked with a buckle to the directly buried steel pipe in the bottom plate; S6. Concrete pouring: When pouring concrete, pour in layers; S7. Dismantle the formwork: first remove the horizontal and diagonal braces, then use a crowbar to gently pry the formwork away from the wall, and then pass it down piece by piece; S8. Concrete curing: Use plastic film to stick to the wall surface on the exterior wall and seal the joints with tape.

[0005] Preferably, in S1, before waterproofing construction, the base surface of the support and water-stop curtain structure is treated, and uneven areas are repaired with 1:2 polymer cement mortar. The cement mortar is evenly scraped flat with a tool and compacted with a trowel to ensure that the surface flatness meets the requirements for waterproofing membrane construction; the inner and outer corners of the base layer are made into arc shapes, with a minimum radius of 50 mm for the inner corner and 20 mm for the outer corner.

[0006] Preferably, in S1, before laying the waterproof membrane, a base treatment agent special for self-adhesive waterproof membrane or an asphalt base treatment agent is evenly applied, and the base treatment agent completely covers all parts; when the waterproof membrane is laid to the end, the end is trimmed, fixed with a metal strip or a closing strip, and the end is sealed tightly with a sealing material.

[0007] Preferably, in S2, the first row of upright steel pipes is 200 mm away from the outer wall, the row spacing of other upright steel pipes is 200 mm, and the spacing between adjacent upright steel pipes in each row is 500 mm.

[0008] Preferably, in S4, the lap weld of the waterstop steel plate is ≥50mm, fully welded on both sides, and folded into a 45° angle at the corners for splicing; before tying the steel bars, the concrete at the outer wall dowels is roughened and cleaned, and the reserved dowels are corrected at the same time; when tying the steel bars, all intersections are fully tied, and the wire heads are bent inward.

[0009] Preferably, in S4, the thickness of the protective layer is ≥50 mm on the water-facing surface and ≥20 mm on the non-water-facing surface.

[0010] Preferably, in S5, the wall formwork is made of 15mm thick plywood, and the joints are reinforced with 40×90 wooden strips; the secondary ribs are made of 40×40×2mm square steel tubes, which are placed vertically with a spacing of 200mm; the main ribs are made of Φ48×2.5 double ordinary steel tubes, which are fixed horizontally. Except for the first spacing of 200mm, the remaining spacings are 500mm; the diagonal braces are ordinary steel tubes or steel sections.

[0011] Preferably, in S5, the first diagonal brace is set at a wall height of 200mm with a horizontal spacing of 500mm, and the vertical and horizontal spacings of the remaining diagonal braces are both 500mm.

[0012] Preferably, in S6, the pouring height of each layer is 2m; when pouring concrete, the narrow gap of the fertilizer trough is poured together; when vibrating, the insertion spacing is ≤400mm and the distance from the template is ≤200mm.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a method for constructing a complex and restricted underground exterior wall with a diagonal bracing and single-sided formwork: (1) The waterproofing of the basement exterior wall is pre-constructed by adopting an integrated pre-composite construction technology of waterproofing and water-stopping, making full use of the water-stopping property of the water-stop curtain, and constructing a waterproof layer on the support and water-stop curtain structure based on the support and water-stop curtain structure to form an integrated waterproofing and water-stopping composite layer, thereby improving the waterproofing performance and reducing the risk of leakage. (2) The diagonal bracing single-sided formwork construction technology is used to solve the problem that the restricted external wall cannot be properly supported by the formwork. The formwork is only supported on the inner side of the basement external wall (the formwork can be ordinary plywood). The secondary ribs are placed vertically (the secondary ribs are ordinary small square steels), and the main ribs are placed horizontally (the main ribs are double ordinary steel pipes). The diagonal bracing steel pipes are tilted to the main ribs. By pre-embedding four rows of vertical steel pipes in the bottom plate or floor slab, the diagonal bracing steel pipes (or channel steels) are locked and fixed to them to form a stable and reliable diagonal bracing system. When pouring concrete, layered pouring is adopted, and the narrow gap of the fertilizer trough is poured at the same time, and it is tightly nested with the waterproof and water-stop integrated composite layer. Compared with the ordinary fertilizer trough backfill, this method eliminates the backfill water layer from the source, further improves the waterproof performance, and reduces the leakage risk. (3) It solves the common problem of limited external walls that cannot be properly supported by formwork. It also greatly improves the waterproof performance of the external wall, reduces the risk of leakage, optimizes the construction process, and makes the external wall construction convenient and efficient. At the same time, it reduces the use of formwork by 50%, replaces wood with steel, and saves turnover materials from a technical level, reduces energy consumption, and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the construction of a complex and restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-sided formwork construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the construction of the diagonal brace in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Support and water-stop curtain structure; 2. Integrated waterproof and water-stopping composite layer; 3. Vertical steel pipe; 4. Diagonal brace; 5. Slit of fertilizer trough; 6. Plywood; 7. Exterior wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0018] Example: Figure 1 、 2 A complex confined underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-sided formwork construction method is shown, comprising the following steps: S1. Exterior wall waterproofing construction: Adopting the pre-placement composite construction technology of integrated waterproofing and water-stopping, the waterproofing construction of the basement exterior wall is carried out in advance, and waterproofing construction is carried out on the support and water-stop curtain structure 1 to form an integrated waterproofing and water-stopping composite layer 2; before the waterproofing construction, the base surface of the support and water-stop curtain structure 1 is treated, and the uneven places are repaired with 1:2 polymer cement mortar, and the cement mortar is evenly scraped and leveled with tools, and compacted with a trowel to ensure that the surface flatness meets the requirements of waterproof membrane construction; the inside and outside corners of the base are made into arc shapes, with a minimum radius of 50mm for the inside corner and 20mm for the outside corner; before laying the waterproof membrane, evenly apply the base treatment agent, and the base treatment agent can be used. The base treatment agent can be used for self-adhesive waterproof membrane or asphalt base treatment agent. The base treatment agent completely covers all parts without missing any parts, especially the detailed node parts; when the waterproof membrane is laid to the end, the end is trimmed and can be fixed with a metal strip or a closing strip, and the end is sealed tightly with a sealing material. Ensure that the roll material at the end is firmly fixed to prevent it from falling off or loosening. Use sealing materials such as sealant to seal the gaps between the end and the base layer, and between the end and the waterproof roll material to prevent moisture from seeping in.

[0019] S2. Directly bury the diagonal bracing to fix the steel pipes: adopt the diagonal bracing single-sided formwork construction technology, and pre-embed four rows of upright steel pipes 3 in the bottom plate to reinforce the diagonal bracing steel pipes or diagonal bracing channel steels, so as to form a stable and reliable diagonal bracing system, prevent the diagonal bracing from sliding, and prevent the formwork from overturning in the later stage; the first row of upright steel pipes 3 is 200mm away from the outer wall edge, and the row spacing of other upright steel pipes 3 is 200mm, and the spacing between adjacent upright steel pipes 3 in each row is 500mm; when burying the upright steel pipes 3, lay out the lines to locate the inner edge of the outer wall, and use the edge as the reference to directly bury the steel pipes after checking the row spacing and spacing; when the steel pipes are directly buried in the structural bottom plate, in order to prevent the hidden danger of leakage, the steel pipes must not touch the bottom of the plate and must maintain a certain distance from the bottom of the plate. The specific operation is to use wire to tie the steel pipes and the bottom plate steel frame to fix the steel pipes at 2 / 3 of the bottom plate.

[0020] S3. Measurement and layout: Axis measurement: Use a total station to measure the main control axis from the bottom plate to the base of the outer wall, and mark a double line (structural edge + 30cm control line); Elevation transfer: Use a steel ruler to vertically transfer the elevation, and mark a +0.5m horizontal line on the outer wall reinforcement as a reference for template installation; Verticality control: Set up plumb bob monitoring points at the corners, and check the vertical deviation of the wall before pouring each layer.

[0021] S4. Rebar binding: During the construction of the base plate, rebar is inserted at the corresponding position of the outer wall, and water-stop steel plates are set at the same time. The forming quality of the water-stop steel plates is reviewed, and the lap welds of the water-stop steel plates are ≥50mm, fully welded on both sides, and folded into a 45° angle at the corners for splicing; before reinforcing the steel bars, the concrete at the outer wall where the rebar is inserted is roughened and cleaned, and the reserved rebar is corrected at the same time; when tying the rebar, all intersections are fully tied, and the wire heads are bent inwards; after the rebar is tied, the control measures for the steel bar protection layer are constructed, and the thickness of the protection layer is ≥50mm on the water-facing side and ≥20mm on the non-water-facing side.

[0022] S5. Formwork support: The wall formwork is made of 15mm thick plywood 6, and the joints are reinforced with 40×90 wooden planks; the secondary ribs are made of 40×40×2mm square steel tubes, which are placed vertically with a spacing of 200mm; the main ribs are made of Φ48×2.5 double ordinary steel tubes, which are fixed horizontally. Except for the first rib with a spacing of 200mm, the remaining spacings are 500mm; the wall formwork is reinforced with diagonal bracing, and the diagonal bracing 4 is ordinary steel tube or steel section; one end of the diagonal bracing 4 is provided with a top support to be tightly connected to the main rib of the formwork, and the other end is locked with a buckle to the upright steel tube 3; the first diagonal bracing is set at a wall height of 200mm, with a horizontal spacing of 500mm, and the vertical and horizontal spacings of the remaining diagonal braces are both 500mm; the upright steel tube 3 is used as an anti-slip and anti-tilt fixing measure for the formwork support, and must be reliably connected to the diagonal bracing 4 with fasteners.

[0023] S6. Concrete pouring: Before pouring concrete, wet the formwork with water, or evenly apply a release agent; when pouring concrete, adopt layered pouring, and the pouring height of each layer is 2m (less than 2m is counted as one layer); the pouring time of each layer is strictly controlled, and the interval time is initially set at 2h (the specific time depends on the temperature environment on site, and the next layer of concrete is poured when the concrete is about to set but has not yet set); when pouring concrete, pour the narrow gap 5 of the fertilizer trough together; when pouring concrete into the formwork, do not concentrate the material to impact the formwork or hit the steel frame; when vibrating, the insertion spacing is ≤400mm, and the distance from the formwork is ≤200mm, and the formwork and steel bars must not be vibrated.

[0024] S7. Formwork removal: The wall formwork can be removed only after the concrete strength can ensure that the surface and edges of the components will not be damaged by removing the formwork; first remove the horizontal support and diagonal support 4, then use a crowbar to gently pry the formwork away from the wall, and then pass it down piece by piece, and do not throw it down directly.

[0025] S8. Concrete curing: The exterior wall 7 is covered with 0.1mm thick plastic film tightly against the wall surface, and the joints are sealed with tape; the curing duration meets the requirements of the relevant specifications.

[0026] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent solutions made using the contents of the present invention specification, directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complex and restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-sided formwork construction method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. External wall waterproofing construction: The external wall waterproofing construction of the basement is carried out in advance, and waterproofing construction is carried out on the support and water-stop curtain structure to form an integrated waterproof and water-stopping composite layer; S2. Directly bury the diagonal bracing fixed steel pipes: Pre-buried several rows of vertical steel pipes in the base plate or floor slab to reinforce the diagonal bracing steel pipes or diagonal bracing channel steels, forming a stable and reliable diagonal bracing system to prevent the diagonal bracing from sliding and prevent the later template from overturning; S3. Surveying and setting out: axis surveying, elevation transfer, verticality control; S4. Rebar Binding: During the construction of the base plate, insert the reinforcement at the corresponding position of the exterior wall, install the water-stop steel plate at the same time, and review the forming quality of the water-stop steel plate. After the reinforcement binding is completed, the reinforcement cover control measures are constructed; S5. Formwork support: The wall formwork is reinforced with diagonal bracing; a top support is set at one end of the diagonal bracing to be tightly connected to the main rib of the formwork, and the other end is locked with a buckle to the directly buried steel pipe in the bottom plate; S6. Concrete pouring: When pouring concrete, pour in layers; S7. Dismantle the formwork: first remove the horizontal and diagonal braces, then use a crowbar to gently pry the formwork away from the wall, and then pass it down piece by piece; S8. Concrete curing: Use plastic film to stick to the wall surface on the exterior wall and seal the joints with tape.

2. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, before waterproofing construction, the base surface of the support and water-stop curtain structure was treated, and 1:2 polymer cement mortar was used to repair uneven areas. The cement mortar was evenly scraped flat with tools and compacted with a trowel to ensure that the surface flatness met the requirements for waterproofing membrane construction; the inner and outer corners of the base layer were made into arc shapes, with a minimum radius of 50mm for the inner corner and 20mm for the outer corner.

3. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In S1, before laying the waterproof membrane, evenly apply the base treatment agent specially used for self-adhesive waterproof membrane or asphalt base treatment agent, and completely cover all parts with the base treatment agent; when laying the waterproof membrane to the end, trim the end, fix it with a metal strip or a closing strip, and seal the end tightly with sealing material.

4. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In S2, the first row of vertical steel pipes is 200mm away from the outer wall, the spacing between other vertical steel pipes is 200mm, and the spacing between adjacent vertical steel pipes in each row is 500mm.

5. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In S4, the lap weld of the waterstop steel plate is ≥50mm, fully welded on both sides, and folded into a 45° angle at the corners; before tying the steel bars, the concrete at the external wall dowels is chiseled and cleaned, and the reserved dowels are corrected at the same time; when tying the steel bars, all intersections are fully tied, and the wire heads are bent inward.

6. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In S4, the thickness of the protective layer is ≥50mm on the water-facing surface and ≥20mm on the non-water-facing surface.

7. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In S5, the wall formwork is made of 15mm thick plywood, and the joints are reinforced with 40×90 wooden strips; the secondary ribs are made of 40×40×2mm square steel tubes, which are placed vertically with a spacing of 200mm; the main ribs are made of Φ48×2.5 double ordinary steel tubes, which are fixed horizontally. Except for the first one with a spacing of 200mm, the remaining spacings are 500mm; the diagonal braces are ordinary steel tubes or steel sections.

8. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In S5, the first diagonal brace is set at a wall height of 200mm with a horizontal spacing of 500mm, and the vertical and horizontal spacing of the remaining diagonal braces are both 500mm.

9. The complex restricted underground exterior wall diagonal bracing single-side formwork construction method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In S6, the pouring height of each layer is 2m; when pouring concrete, the narrow gap of the fertilizer trough is poured together; when vibrating, the insertion spacing is ≤400mm and the distance from the formwork is ≤200mm.

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