Synchronous construction method for bypass channel at tunnel

Abstract

The invention relates to a synchronous construction method for a bypass channel at a tunnel, which is used for forming at least one bypass channel at a preset position of a main tunnel, and comprises the following steps: S101, moving a starting trolley to a preset excavation position of the bypass channel, the starting trolley being provided with a first channel; s102, the sleeve device is adjusted and fixed to the position of a tunnel portal of the bypass channel, and the pushing mechanism is adjusted to the position opposite to the position of the tunnel portal of the bypass channel; s103, in the first time period, the tunnel segment and the sleeve device are fixed; a first material transport vehicle group can pass through the first channel; s104, in the second time period, the tunneling main body is controlled to conduct tunneling construction; the second material transport vehicles are controlled to marshal to pass through the first channel, and the first time period and the second time period are peak shifting construction time; and S103 to S104 are repeatedly executed until tunneling of the bypass channel is completed. The peak shifting construction time is fully utilized, and the overall construction time of a project is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a synchronous construction method of a tunnel side channel. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of some main tunnels, a main track is laid inside the main tunnel to facilitate the passage of the main excavation equipment and the transportation of materials and debris. In some tunnel designs, side passages are required to be opened on the side of the main tunnel, such as communication passages, fire passages, and other types of side passages.

[0003] The construction of the bypass requires the use of tunneling equipment, which includes a starting trolley, a jacking mechanism, a sleeve device fixed to the portal area, and a tunneling body installed on the sleeve device. The starting trolley moves along the main tunnel to the area to be tunneled, and then the sleeve device is fixed to the pipe segment of the main tunnel; thereafter, the tunneling body breaks through the pipe segment and tunnels to carry out the construction of the bypass. For example, the public document with the announcement number CN120007291A provides a steel-concrete combined portal structure and construction method for a subway connecting channel. For example, the public document with the announcement number CN119686758A provides a top shield dual-mode connecting channel construction method that is constructed synchronously with the main line tunnel. And the public document with the announcement number CN120042601A provides a connecting channel construction equipment and method that can be constructed synchronously.

[0004] However, in the existing construction method, the construction equipment of the bypass needs to occupy the middle space and track of the main tunnel. Therefore, the construction of the connecting channel type bypass can only be carried out after the construction of the main tunnel is completed, resulting in a long construction period, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a synchronous construction method of a side channel in a tunnel, which is used to solve the technical problems that the main tunnel and the side channel are difficult to construct simultaneously and the construction period is long.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for synchronously constructing a bypass channel in a tunnel is provided, for opening at least one bypass channel at a preset position in a main tunnel, the synchronous construction method comprising: S101, moving a starting trolley to a preset excavation position of a bypass channel, wherein the starting trolley is provided with a first channel; S102, adjusting and fixing the sleeve device and the tunneling body carried by the starting trolley to the tunnel door of the bypass channel, and adjusting the pushing mechanism to the direction opposite to the tunnel door of the bypass channel; S103, within a first time period, fixing the tunnel segments of the bypass channel to the sleeve device to ensure that the first channel is unobstructed; the first channel is passable by a first material transport vehicle group, which transports materials for main tunnel construction; S104, controlling the excavation of the main excavation body during the second time period; and controlling the second material transport vehicle group to pass through the first channel; The second material transport vehicle group includes alternately connected segment vehicles and muck vehicles. The muck vehicles of the second material transport vehicle group sequentially receive muck output from the excavation construction of the main tunneling body, and the segment vehicles of the second material transport vehicle group transport tunnel segments to the bypass channel. The first time period and the second time period are staggered construction times. Repeat S103 to S104 until the bypass excavation is completed.

[0007] In one embodiment, the muck trucks of the second material transport vehicle group sequentially receive the muck outputted by the excavation main body during excavation construction, including: Extend the mud outlet of the slag discharge mechanism out of the tunnel door and into the first channel; Control the movement of the second material transport vehicle group, with one of the muck trucks positioned below the landing point of the mud outlet; Control the operation of the slag discharge mechanism to transport the slag from the mud discharge port to the corresponding slag truck.

[0008] In one embodiment, the segment vehicle of the second material transport vehicle group transports tunnel segments to the bypass channel, comprising: Control one of the segment vehicles to move to the bypass; Controlling the starting trolley to lift the tunnel segments carried by the segment vehicle one by one; Assemble and connect the tunnel segments.

[0009] In one embodiment, assembling and connecting the tunnel segments includes: Adjust the corresponding assembly posture of the suspended tunnel segments; Adjusting one side surface of the tunnel segment to be located in the extension and contraction direction of the pushing mechanism, wherein the pushing mechanism is located in a direction opposite to the tunnel door of the bypass channel; The pushing mechanism is controlled to push the tunnel segment into the sleeve device, and the pushing mechanism remains in a tight state.

[0010] In one embodiment, assembling and connecting the tunnel segments includes: Adjust the corresponding assembly posture of the suspended tunnel segments and send them into the conveying mechanism in the bypass; The tunnel segments are assembled by shield boring using an assembly machine.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of adjusting and fixing the sleeve device carried by the starting trolley to the tunnel door of the bypass passage comprises: Attaching the support assemblies to opposite sides of the originating trolley; The assembly angle of the sleeve device is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism; The assembly height of the sleeve device is adjusted by lifting the starting trolley; Welding the sleeve device to the tunnel segments at the portal; The adjustment mechanism and the support assembly are removed so that the starting trolley forms a first channel.

[0012] In one embodiment, moving the starting trolley to a preset excavation position of the bypass channel further includes: Two trolley tracks are laid in the main tunnel, with a main track located between the two trolley tracks, and the main track is located in the space of the first passage; the starting trolley slides on the trolley tracks; the first material transport vehicle group and the second material transport vehicle group slide on the main track; or, The first material transport vehicle group and the second material transport vehicle group move directly along the ground via rollers.

[0013] In one embodiment, the process until the excavation of the bypass channel is completed further includes: Controlling the receiving trolley to move to a receiving position corresponding to the side channel, the receiving trolley being provided with a second channel and a receiving sleeve and a sleeve tail section distributed on both sides of the second channel; Determining the excavation position and excavation angle of the excavation body; Fixing the receiving sleeve to the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment; The receiving sleeve and the sleeve tail section are spaced apart in a first time period; When the excavation body reaches the preset position for breaking through the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment, the sleeve tail section is controlled to close and be fixed to the receiving sleeve, and filler is added to maintain pressure.

[0014] In one embodiment, fixing the receiving sleeve to the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment includes: According to the excavation direction of the excavation body, the control adjustment mechanism adjusts the swing of the receiving sleeve and adjusts the fixed angle of the receiving sleeve; Controlling the lifting and lowering movement of the receiving trolley according to the excavation direction of the excavation body, and adjusting the assembly height and pitch angle of the receiving sleeve; The receiving tunnel and the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment are welded and fixed.

[0015] In one embodiment, the method is applicable to the simultaneous construction of the main tunnel and the connecting channel, and the width of the first channel is greater than or equal to 1.6 meters.

[0016] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects: the starting trolley is structurally adjusted to form a first channel through its central area. The width of the first channel is greater than the maximum space required for the passage and transportation of materials by the first material transport vehicle group, allowing the passage of the first material transport vehicle group without affecting the construction of the main tunnel during the first time period. The tunneling body can then conduct bypass construction during the second time period, staggering construction with the main tunnel. The main tunnel is then used for material transportation, and the transfer of materials and slag from the second material transport vehicle group is achieved at the first channel, fully utilizing the staggered construction time and shortening the overall construction time of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0018] Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating a synchronous construction method according to an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the movement of an originating trolley to a bypass channel according to an embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram showing a pushing mechanism pushing a tunnel segment according to an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram showing a second material transport vehicle group passing through a first channel according to an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram showing a first material transport vehicle group passing through a second channel according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram showing the fixed connection between the receiving sleeve and the sleeve tail section according to one embodiment.

[0024] In the figure, there is a starting trolley 10; a hoisting mechanism 11; a slag discharge mechanism 12; a support assembly 13; an adjustment mechanism 14; a first channel 15; a pushing mechanism 20; a sleeve device 30; an excavation body 40; a main tunnel 50; a main pipe segment 51; a second material transport vehicle set 60; a receiving tunnel 70; a receiving trolley 80; a receiving sleeve 81; a sleeve tail section 82; and a first material transport vehicle set 90. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a method for synchronously constructing a tunnel bypass, which is used to open at least one bypass at a predetermined location in a main tunnel 50. For ease of description and distinction below, the tunnel segments of the main tunnel 50 are referred to as main segments 51, and the tunnel segments of the bypass are referred to as side segments.

[0027] The main tunnel 50 and the bypass are synchronously constructed in the main tunnel 50 at different peak times. The synchronous construction method includes the following steps: S101, move the starting trolley 10 to the preset excavation position of the side channel. The starting trolley 10 is provided with a first channel 15. The starting trolley 10 is provided with the first channel 15. The starting trolley 10 is approximately in an inverted U-shaped spatial structure. The starting trolley 10 moves on the ground of the main tunnel 50, which is the bottom plane of the main tunnel 50. The gantry of the starting trolley 10 is arranged horizontally, and the bottom platform of the gantry is divided into two parts, thereby forming a first channel 15 in the middle area of ​​the starting trolley 10. The first channel 15 can pass the first material transport vehicle group 90, which serves as a transportation device for transporting materials for the construction of the main tunnel 50.

[0028] This synchronous construction method is applicable to the simultaneous construction of all main tunnels and connecting channels. Its advantages are more prominent when the diameter of the main tunnel is less than or equal to 7.5m, and the width of the first channel is greater than or equal to 1.6m.

[0029] Preferably, under small-diameter tunnel construction conditions, particularly when the main tunnel diameter is less than or equal to 7.5 meters, the width of first passage 15 is less than or equal to 2 meters. This ensures that material transportation during main tunnel 50 construction is adequate, while also maintaining the overall structural strength of the starting trolley 10 and the stability of the bypass construction. Alternatively, the width of first passage 15 can be set to 1.6 meters, 1.8 meters, 2 meters, etc. The first material transport vehicle set 90 can travel along first passage 15 to transport debris generated during main tunnel 50 construction.

[0030] S102: The sleeve device 30 and the excavation body 40 carried by the starting trolley 10 are adjusted and fixed to the tunnel portal of the bypass channel, and the jacking mechanism 20 is adjusted to the direction opposite to the tunnel portal of the bypass channel. The starting trolley 10, carrying the excavation body 40 and the sleeve device 30, moves. After the starting trolley 10 moves to the preset excavation position, the sleeve device 30 is connected to the main plate 51, such as by welding or reverse pulling, to transmit the force of the sleeve device 30 to the main plate 51. The sleeve device 30 and the starting trolley 10 operate independently. The excavation body 40 is mounted on the sleeve device 30 and faces the area to be excavated at the tunnel portal. Preferably, the jacking mechanism 20 includes components such as a reaction frame and a propulsion cylinder.

[0031] The tunneling body 40 is controlled to advance through the tunneling process, allowing it to penetrate the soil. As the tunneling body 40 advances, the tunnel segments are assembled at the sleeve assembly 30. After the tunneling body 40 completes its tunneling process, staggered construction of the main tunnel 50 and the bypass passage is implemented during the first and second time periods, respectively.

[0032] S103: During the first time period, the tunnel segments of the bypass channel starting ring are secured to the sleeve assembly 30, ensuring that the first channel 15 is unobstructed. The first channel 15 is accessible to the first material transport vehicle set 90, which transports materials for the construction of the main tunnel 50. The first time period is the construction period of the main tunnel 50. During this time period, the bypass channel is suspended for repairs or other non-excavation preparatory work. The first channel 15 is open, and the first material transport vehicle set 90 can pass through it.

[0033] The starting trolley 10 has an adjustment mechanism 14, on which the sleeve assembly 30 is placed. The adjustment mechanism 14 allows the sleeve assembly 30 to swing left and right and rotate circumferentially. Part of the adjustment mechanism 14 extends into the first channel 15. The bottom of the starting trolley 10 is supported on both sides by support assemblies 13. Therefore, after the sleeve assembly 30 is welded and fixed, the adjustment mechanism 14 and support assemblies 13 can be removed to avoid interference with the first channel 15.

[0034] The sleeve assembly 30 contains at least three rings of side segments. The tunnel segments in the starting ring are located at the opening of the sleeve assembly 30. A securing mechanism secures the side segments in the starting ring to the sleeve assembly 30, preventing the tunnel segments from loosening. Preferably, the securing mechanism includes plug pins for engaging the sleeve assembly 30. The plug pins are spaced around the centerline of the sleeve assembly 30 and inserted into the side segments in the starting ring.

[0035] During the first time period, the excavation body 40 is controlled to stop and clear the interfering objects in the first channel 15. The side pipe segment is locked by a fixing mechanism. The fixing mechanism adopts a hook mechanism installed on the sleeve device 30. The hook mechanism hooks and locks the end face of the side pipe segment.

[0036] Preferably, the sleeve device 30 is connected to the main pipe segment 51 through a plurality of pull-back connecting rods to provide support for the sleeve device 30. The pull-back connecting rods respectively connect the pipe segment and the sleeve device 30 to improve the installation structural strength of the sleeve device 30.

[0037] S104: During the second time period, the main tunneling unit 40 is controlled to conduct excavation work; and the second material transport vehicle group 60 is controlled to pass through the first passage 15. During the second time period, no excavation work is performed in the main tunnel 50, while excavation work is performed in the side passage. For example, the first time period is from 6:00 AM to 12:00 PM, and the second time period is from 12:00 PM to 8:00 PM. The first and second time periods can be adjusted based on the construction schedule, and will not be further described here.

[0038] Unlike existing starting trolleys 10, the present invention's starting trolley 10 has a first passage 15 extending through its central region. This passage 15 is wider than the maximum space required for the first material transport vehicle set 90 to pass through and transport materials, allowing for the passage of the first material transport vehicle set 90 without disrupting the construction of the main tunnel 50 during the first time period. The starting trolley 10 can also be moved between different bypass construction locations, enhancing construction flexibility.

[0039] The second material transport vehicle array 60 consists of segment vehicles and muck trucks spaced apart. Each movement of the second material transport vehicle array 60 can move multiple segments of segment vehicles and muck trucks. The segment vehicles can carry the tunnel segments required for the bypass tunnel, either in the form of a full ring or assembled from multiple segments. The muck trucks can accommodate the muck discharged from the bypass tunnel excavation. Optionally, the segment vehicles and muck trucks are arranged alternately to form a multi-segment connection. Optionally, two or more muck trucks can be positioned between adjacent segment vehicles to reduce the volume requirements of a single muck truck.

[0040] Both the main tunnel 50 and the bypass construction utilize material transportation through the first channel 15. The bypass, within a limited space, allows for staggered construction alongside the main tunnel 50. The main tunneling unit 40 can then construct the bypass during the second time period, while simultaneously utilizing the main tunnel 50 to transport materials. The second material transport vehicle set 60 can then transfer materials and debris at the first channel 15, effectively utilizing staggered construction times and shortening the overall construction schedule.

[0041] When the time is in the second time period, the main tunnel 50 is in a resting state, and the excavation body 40 is in a soil excavation state. The slag generated during the excavation of the excavation body 40 is discharged outward through the slag discharge mechanism 12, and shield construction or pipe jacking construction is implemented after the preset excavation distance.

[0042] Repeat S103 to S104 until the bypass excavation is completed.

[0043] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the excavation process of the excavation body 40 needs to be transported out by the second material transport vehicle group 60. In step S104, the second material transport vehicle group 60 is controlled to discharge the excavation, which includes the following steps: S201: The mud outlet of the slag discharge mechanism 12 extends out of the tunnel entrance and into the first passage 15. Construction personnel determine the need for slag discharge based on the excavation progress and operating status of the excavation body 40. The excavation status and position of the excavation body 40, as well as the amount of excavated soil generated by the slag discharge mechanism 12, all contribute to the amount of excavated soil generated. The slag discharge mechanism 12 is connected to the excavation body 40 and can directly discharge the excavated soil. The mud outlet of the slag discharge mechanism 12 extends out of the sleeve assembly 30 and into the edge of the first passage 15, extending the mud outlet outside the sleeve assembly 30.

[0044] S202, control the second material transport vehicle group 60 to move, wherein one of the muck trucks is located below the landing point of the mud outlet. When muck needs to be discharged, the muck truck is located below the mud outlet and can receive the muck outputted from the mud outlet.

[0045] S203: Control the operation of the slag discharge mechanism 12 to discharge the slag from the mud outlet. The slag truck is configured with multiple sections, allowing for flexible adjustment of the loading position and quantity according to the load capacity. The second material transport vehicle group 60 can simultaneously transport multiple tunnel segments and can also accommodate the simultaneous loading of multiple slag trucks, greatly improving construction efficiency.

[0046] Preferably, the capacity of the dump truck is greater than or equal to the volume of earthwork output by the excavation body 40 when excavating the length of a single-ring tunnel segment.

[0047] After the muck truck completes its collection of muck, the second material transport vehicle train 60 is controlled to move to align the segment truck with the bypass tunnel portal. The segment truck carries tunnel segments for assembly into a ring or annular structure. The segment truck moves under the gantry, which is equipped with a lifting mechanism 11 that adjusts the tunnel segments.

[0048] In one embodiment, tunnel segments are assembled and connected, wherein the tunnel segments are constructed using a pipe jacking method, and the following steps may be performed: Adjust the corresponding assembly posture of the suspended tunnel segments. The lifting mechanism 11 is equipped with a lifting chain that can lift the tunnel segments one by one and adjust the assembly angle and assembly position of the tunnel segments. One end face of the tunnel segment is facing the extension and contraction direction of the pushing mechanism 20, and the other side face is facing the tunnel portal.

[0049] The thrust mechanism 20 is controlled to push the tunnel segment into the sleeve assembly 30, where it abuts against the adjacent segment within the sleeve assembly 30 and is then locked via connectors. The corresponding hydraulic cylinder assembly within the thrust mechanism 20 extends and pushes the tunnel segment, maneuvering it into position for assembly, connection, and securement.

[0050] The jacking mechanism 20 and sleeve device 30 are located on either side of the first channel 15. The tunneling direction of the bypass channel intersects the extension direction of the first channel 15. The jacking mechanism 20 is controlled to remain retracted during a first time period, and the tunnel segments at the bypass channel portal are restrained to the sleeve device 30 via a fixing mechanism. The jacking mechanism 20 can be a comprehensive jacking system composed of multiple hydraulic cylinder assemblies, used to jack the tunneling body 40 and the bypass segments.

[0051] When the bypass channel is constructed using the jacking method, the jacking mechanism 20 pushes the tunnel segment to move a ring distance, the hoisting mechanism 11 hoists the tunnel segment on the segment vehicle, and the jacking mechanism 20 abuts against the tunnel segment of the sleeve device 30 to perform the jacking operation.

[0052] In one embodiment, when the tunnel segments are assembled and connected, and when the tunnel segments are constructed using a shield method, the following steps may be performed: Adjust the corresponding assembly posture of the suspended tunnel segments and send them into the conveying mechanism in the bypass; The tunnel segments are assembled by shield boring using an assembly machine.

[0053] The hoisting mechanism 11 hoists the tunnel segments on the segment vehicle one by one and adjusts the angle. A conveying mechanism is laid in the side channel. The hoisting mechanism 11 hoists the tunnel segments on the segment vehicle in the air. The operator can pull the suspended tunnel segments into the conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism transports the tunnel segments from the sleeve device 30 to the assembling machine. The assembling machine transports the tunnel segments to the corresponding assembly positions to realize shield construction.

[0054] Optionally, when all the segment vehicles have completed unloading and the muck vehicles have completed loading, the second material transport vehicle group 60 can also be controlled to move out of the first channel 15, and the muck can be sent out of the main tunnel 50 and loaded with new tunnel segments.

[0055] The excavation body 40 and the sleeve device 30 are arranged on the starting trolley 10. When the starting trolley 10 initially moves to the preset position of the bypass channel, it includes the following steps of installation and debugging.

[0056] S301: Connect support assembly 13 to opposite sides of departure trolley 10. Departure trolley 10 has an inverted U-shaped structure, with two bottom platforms spaced apart and facing each other. During transportation, support assembly 13 connects the two opposing bottom platforms, forming a rectangular space within departure trolley 10, enhancing structural strength and stability.

[0057] S302, adjusting the assembly angle of the sleeve device 30 through the adjustment mechanism 14. The working method of the adjustment mechanism 14 can refer to the adjustment of the sleeve device 30 by the trolley support system in CN 216277874 U, and can perform left and right swing angle and front and back position adjustment of the sleeve device 30.

[0058] S303, the assembly height of the sleeve device 30 is adjusted by lifting and lowering the starting trolley 10. The starting trolley 10 itself has a lifting height adjustment mechanism, which can lift the sleeve device 30 as a whole so that the sleeve device 30 reaches the corresponding height. Then, under the front and rear direction adjustment of the adjustment mechanism, the sleeve device 30 is close to the tunnel door.

[0059] S304: Weld the sleeve assembly 30 to the tunnel portal segments. Assemble the tunneling body 40 with the sleeve assembly 30, and then reverse-connect the sleeve assembly 30 to the main segment 51 at the portal. The main segment 51 at the portal can be a steel segment; alternatively, a steel connecting ring can be connected to the main segment 51 at the portal. The sleeve assembly 30 is welded to the steel segment, or the sleeve assembly 30 is welded to the connecting ring to form an integrated structure.

[0060] Optionally, a back-pull connecting frame is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve device 30 , and the back-pull connecting frame is connected to multiple back-pull rod assemblies, and the back-pull rod assemblies are connected to the steel pipe segment or the connecting ring to improve the connection strength between the sleeve device 30 and the main pipe segment 51 .

[0061] S305: The adjustment mechanism 14 and support assembly 13 are removed to form the first passage 15 for the starting trolley 10. After the tunneling body 40 completes the hole excavation, the adjustment mechanism 14 and support assembly 13 are removed to form the through-going first passage 15. Once the tunneling body 40 enters the soil, the impact on the sleeve device 30 and the starting trolley 10 is minimal, ensuring that structural strength requirements are met even with the support assembly 13 removed.

[0062] As the excavation body 40 breaks the hole, it penetrates into the soil until the excavation body 40 completely enters the sleeve device 30, so that the excavation body 40 and the first channel 15 do not interfere with each other in space, and interfere with objects passing through the first channel 15.

[0063] The first material transport vehicle group 90 and the second material transport vehicle group 60 adopt track-based travel and trackless travel to adapt to different construction types of the main tunnel 50 .

[0064] Optionally, rail traffic requires laying two trolley tracks in the main tunnel 50, and the starting trolley 10 passes through the two trolley tracks. Furthermore, two trolley tracks are laid in the first channel 15, and the main rail is located between the two trolley tracks. The first material transport vehicle group 90 and the second material transport vehicle group 60 slide on the main rail. The trolley track is located outside the two main tracks and will not affect the position and space of the main tracks. As an auxiliary track, it can be removed after the construction is completed. In addition, the structure of the starting trolley 10 will not affect the passage of the first material transport vehicle group 90, thereby constructing a conveying system for staggered construction.

[0065] In another embodiment, the ground inside the main tunnel 50 is flat, and the first material transport vehicle group 90 and the second material transport vehicle group 60 adopt a roller structure to move directly on the ground without laying tracks, thereby improving traffic efficiency.

[0066] Both the first material transport vehicle group 90 and the second material transport vehicle group 60 must carry materials for operation. Width detection mechanisms are installed at both ends of the first channel 15. These width detection mechanisms detect whether the materials being carried are excessively wide, thereby preventing impact on the originating trolley 10. The detection mechanisms utilize an adjustable frame and sensors mounted thereon. These sensors can be configured as either inductive or trigger-type sensors. The adjustable frame allows for adjustment of the sensor's detection height and the relative detection width between the two sensors, providing convenient adjustment.

[0067] like Figure 1 、 Figures 5 and 6 As shown, when the bypass channel serves as a connecting channel to connect the two main tunnels 50, the starting trolley 10 controls the excavation body 40 to start excavation in the starting main tunnel 50, and the excavation body 40 moves towards the receiving main tunnel 50. Before the excavation of the bypass channel of the excavation body 40 is completed, the following steps are also included: The receiving trolley 80 is controlled to move to the receiving position corresponding to the side channel. The receiving trolley 80 is provided with a second channel and a receiving sleeve 81 and a sleeve tail section 82 distributed on both sides of the second channel. The structure of the receiving trolley 80 is similar to that of the originating trolley 10, except that the receiving trolley 80 is used to carry the sleeve device 30 at the receiving end. The sleeve device 30 is connected by a combination of the receiving sleeve 81 and the sleeve tail section 82, which can be disassembled and assembled. In the initial state of the receiving trolley 80, the receiving sleeve 81 and the sleeve tail section 82 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the receiving trolley 80.

[0068] The moving position of the receiving trolley 80 is adjusted based on the actual excavation position of the excavation body 40. The receiving trolley 80 includes the following steps: S401 determines the excavation position and excavation angle of the excavation body 40. The excavation posture and excavation depth of the excavation body 40 can be controlled and determined by the control system. The location of the receiving tunnel 70 is used as the determined orientation. Under the control of the control system, the excavation body 40 excavates toward the receiving tunnel 70. The control system can determine the position and orientation of the excavation body 40.

[0069] In step S402, a receiving sleeve 81 is secured to the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment 70. The end of the receiving sleeve 81 is attached to the main segment 51 of the receiving tunnel 70 and secured to the main segment 51 via welding. The receiving sleeve 81 is positioned at the location of the hole to be drilled in the receiving tunnel 70. The centerline of the receiving sleeve 81 coincides with the planned excavation path of the tunneling body 40. The tunneling body 40 gradually adjusts its excavation direction through a control system, gradually aligning it with the planned excavation path.

[0070] Preferably, the receiving sleeve 81 is adjusted to a fixed angle according to the excavation direction of the excavation body 40 , and the fixed angle of the receiving sleeve 81 is adapted to the curved surface of the receiving tunnel 70 .

[0071] The fixed height of the receiving sleeve 81 is adjusted according to the excavation height of the excavation body 40; the excavation body 40 has a height value near the intended excavation path of the receiving tunnel 70. The receiving sleeve 81 adapts to the excavation height adjustment of the excavation body 40 and can adapt to the excavation deviation of the excavation body 40 to place the receiving sleeve 81 in the pre-receiving position. Afterwards, the receiving tunnel 70 and the main segment 51 of the receiving tunnel 70 are welded and fixed. The position and angle of the receiving sleeve 81 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 14 mounted on the receiving trolley 80. The adjustment mechanism 14 achieves posture adjustment through pitch angle adjustment and left and right swing adjustment. The adjustment mechanism 14 can refer to existing tunnel segment adjustment mechanisms and will not be described in detail.

[0072] At step S403, the receiving sleeve 81 and the sleeve tail section 82 are spaced apart during a first time period. Until the tunneling body 40 reaches the predetermined position for breaking through the receiving main segment 51, the receiving sleeve 81 and the sleeve tail section 82 remain separated. A second passageway between the receiving sleeve 81 and the sleeve tail section 82 allows passage of the first material transport vehicle set 90 for the receiving tunnel 70.

[0073] At step S404, when the tunneling body 40 reaches the predetermined position for breaking through the main segment 51 of the receiving tunnel 70, the control sleeve tail section 82 is closed and fixed to the receiving sleeve 81, forming a closed receiving space. Filling material is then added to maintain pressure. Before the tunneling body 40 breaks through the main segment 51, the sleeve tail section 82 is fixedly connected to the receiving sleeve 81, thus forming a completely closed receiving end sleeve assembly 30.

[0074] When the receiving end sleeve device 30 forms a closed structure, filler needs to be filled into the sleeve device 30 to keep the pressure in the receiving sleeve 81 within a preset range so that the excavation body 40 can maintain balanced force when breaking the main plate 51.

[0075] The receiving sleeve 81 and the sleeve tail section 82 are detachably connected, and the sleeve device 30 constitutes a sleeve structure that seals and receives the excavation body 40. In addition, the receiving sleeve 81 and the sleeve tail section 82 do not affect the construction of the receiving tunnel 70, and the overall construction efficiency is high.

[0076] The structure of the receiving trolley 80 is similar to that of the originating trolley 10, wherein the receiving trolley 80 is equipped with an adjustment mechanism 14 to adjust the fixed position and angle of the receiving sleeve 81. The specific adjustment steps of the above step S402 are as follows: According to the excavation direction of the excavation body 40, the adjustment mechanism 14 is controlled to adjust the swing of the receiving sleeve 81 and adjust the fixed angle of the receiving sleeve 81; According to the excavation direction of the excavation body 40, the receiving trolley 80 is controlled to move up and down, and the assembly height and pitch angle of the receiving sleeve 81 are adjusted; The receiving tunnel 70 and the inner walls of the segments of the receiving tunnel 70 are welded and fixed.

[0077] The adjustment method of the receiving sleeve 81 is similar to that of the starting sleeve device 30, and can be understood by reference. The difference is that the adjustment angle and adjustment direction of the receiving sleeve 81 are adjusted based on the excavation direction and angle of the excavation body 40 to further improve the receiving accuracy.

[0078] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and that various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope thereof. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for synchronous construction of a tunnel bypass, for opening at least one bypass at a preset position in a main tunnel, characterized in that: Synchronous construction methods include: S101, moving a starting trolley to a preset excavation position of a bypass channel, wherein the starting trolley is provided with a first channel; S102, adjusting and fixing the sleeve device and the tunneling body carried by the starting trolley to the tunnel door of the bypass channel, and adjusting the pushing mechanism to the direction opposite to the tunnel door of the bypass channel; S103, within a first time period, fixing the tunnel segments of the bypass channel to the sleeve device to ensure that the first channel is unobstructed; the first channel is passable by a first material transport vehicle group, which transports materials for main tunnel construction; S104, controlling the excavation of the main excavation body during the second time period; and controlling the second material transport vehicle group to pass through the first channel; The second material transport vehicle group includes alternately connected segment vehicles and muck vehicles. The muck vehicles of the second material transport vehicle group sequentially receive muck output from the excavation construction of the main tunneling body, and the segment vehicles of the second material transport vehicle group transport tunnel segments to the bypass channel. The first time period and the second time period are staggered construction times. Repeat S103 to S104 until the bypass excavation is completed.

2. The synchronous construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The muck trucks of the second material transport vehicle group sequentially receive the muck outputted by the excavation main body during the excavation construction, including: Extend the mud outlet of the slag discharge mechanism out of the tunnel door and into the first channel; Control the movement of the second material transport vehicle group, with one of the muck trucks positioned below the landing point of the mud outlet; Control the operation of the slag discharge mechanism to transport the slag from the mud discharge port to the corresponding slag truck.

3. The synchronous construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The segment vehicle of the second material transport vehicle group transports tunnel segments to the bypass channel, including: Control one of the segment vehicles to move to the bypass; Controlling the starting trolley to lift the tunnel segments carried by the segment vehicle one by one; Assemble and connect the tunnel segments.

4. The synchronous construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The assembling and connecting of the tunnel segments comprises: Adjust the corresponding assembly posture of the suspended tunnel segments; Adjusting one side surface of the tunnel segment to be located in the extension and contraction direction of the pushing mechanism, wherein the pushing mechanism is located in a direction opposite to the tunnel door of the bypass channel; The pushing mechanism is controlled to push the tunnel segment into the sleeve device, and the pushing mechanism remains in a tight state.

5. The synchronous construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The assembling and connecting of the tunnel segments comprises: Adjust the corresponding assembly posture of the suspended tunnel segments and send them into the conveying mechanism in the bypass; The tunnel segments are assembled by shield boring using an assembly machine.

6. The synchronous construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of adjusting and fixing the sleeve device carried by the starting trolley to the tunnel door of the bypass passage comprises: Attaching the support assemblies to opposite sides of the originating trolley; The assembly angle of the sleeve device is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism; The assembly height of the sleeve device is adjusted by lifting the starting trolley; Welding the sleeve device to the tunnel segments at the portal; The adjustment mechanism and the support assembly are removed so that the starting trolley forms a first channel.

7. The synchronous construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of moving the starting trolley to a preset excavation position of the bypass channel further includes: Two trolley tracks are laid in the main tunnel, with a main track located between the two trolley tracks, and the main track is located in the space of the first passage; the starting trolley slides on the trolley tracks; the first material transport vehicle group and the second material transport vehicle group slide on the main track; or, The first material transport vehicle group and the second material transport vehicle group move directly along the ground via rollers.

8. The synchronous construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process until the excavation of the bypass channel is completed also includes: Controlling the receiving trolley to move to a receiving position corresponding to the side channel, the receiving trolley being provided with a second channel and a receiving sleeve and a sleeve tail section distributed on both sides of the second channel; Determining the excavation position and excavation angle of the excavation body; Fixing the receiving sleeve to the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment; The receiving sleeve and the sleeve tail section are spaced apart in a first time period; When the excavation body reaches the preset position for breaking through the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment, the sleeve tail section is controlled to close and be fixed to the receiving sleeve, and filler is added to maintain pressure.

9. The synchronous construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of fixing the receiving sleeve to the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment includes: According to the excavation direction of the excavation body, the control adjustment mechanism adjusts the swing of the receiving sleeve and adjusts the fixed angle of the receiving sleeve; Controlling the lifting and lowering movement of the receiving trolley according to the excavation direction of the excavation body, and adjusting the assembly height and pitch angle of the receiving sleeve; The receiving tunnel and the inner wall of the receiving tunnel segment are welded and fixed.

10. The synchronous construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method is applicable to the simultaneous construction of a main tunnel and a connecting channel, wherein the width of the first channel is greater than or equal to 1.6 meters.

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