Arrangement of differential switched passive phase shifters

Abstract

The application provides an arrangement structure of a differential switch switching type passive phase shifter, which comprises a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor and a fourth inductor, the first inductor and the second inductor are arranged in a first metal layer and arranged in a first winding area in a cross winding wire mode, and the third inductor and the fourth inductor are arranged in the first metal layer and arranged in a second winding area in a cross winding wire mode, wherein the first winding area and the second winding area have a dynamic surrounding relationship. Through the arrangement structure provided by the application, the problems of large circuit size and high insertion loss of the traditional passive phase shifter are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of integrated circuit design, in particular to a differential switch switching type passive phase shifter arrangement structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is a passive device that uses differential signals and switch switching to achieve phase change, and has many advantages such as simple control. The traditional differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is usually designed by tiling multiple inductors (for example, four inductors), which not only makes the circuit size large, but also increases the insertion loss of the phase shifter.

[0003] It should be noted that the above introduction to the technical background is only for the convenience of clearly and completely describing the technical scheme of the present application, and for the convenience of understanding by those skilled in the art. The above technical scheme cannot be considered as known to those skilled in the art only because it is described in the background section of the present application. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a differential switch switching type passive phase shifter arrangement structure, which is used to solve the problems of large circuit size and high insertion loss of the traditional passive phase shifter.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present application provides a differential switch switching type passive phase shifter arrangement structure, which comprises:

[0006] a first inductor, a second inductor, a third inductor and a fourth inductor;

[0007] The first inductor and the second inductor are arranged in the first metal layer and arranged in the first winding area by means of cross-wound wires.

[0008] The third inductor and the fourth inductor are arranged in the first metal layer and arranged in the second winding area by means of cross-wound wires.

[0009] Among them, the first winding area and the second winding area have a dynamic surrounding relationship.

[0010] Optionally, among the first inductor and the second inductor: one inductor includes a first whole line segment, and the other inductor includes at least two first partial line segments, each first partial line segment is interconnected to form a first connected line segment by a first cross-line segment, and the first whole line segment and the first connected line segment are arranged in the first winding area by means of cross-wound wires.

[0011] One of the third inductor and the fourth inductor comprises a second whole line segment, and the other inductor comprises at least two second partial line segments, each of the second partial line segments is interconnected by a second cross line segment to form a second joint line segment, and the second whole line segment and the second joint line segment are arranged in the second winding area by crossing winding lines.

[0012] The first cross line segment is arranged in the second metal layer and is interconnected with the corresponding first partial line segment by a metal via, the second cross line segment is arranged in the second metal layer or the third metal layer and is interconnected with the corresponding second partial line segment by a metal via, and each metal layer is stacked.

[0013] Optionally, the second whole line segment comprises a first winding line and a first return line connected by a first return structure, and the first return line is arranged close to the first inductor and the second inductor; the second partial line segment close to the first inductor and the second inductor comprises a second winding line and a second return line connected by a second return structure, and the second return line is arranged close to the first inductor and the second inductor.

[0014] Optionally, the arrangement structure comprises a first positive phase terminal, a first negative phase terminal, a second positive phase terminal and a second negative phase terminal.

[0015] The first positive phase terminal and the first negative phase terminal are arranged in the same metal layer and are arranged on a first side of a device area, and the metal layer where the first positive phase terminal and the first negative phase terminal are arranged is different from the first metal layer.

[0016] The second positive phase terminal and the second negative phase terminal are arranged in the same metal layer and are arranged on a second side of the device area, and the metal layer where the second positive phase terminal and the second negative phase terminal are arranged is different from the first metal layer.

[0017] The first side and the second side are two opposite sides, and the device area is a device arrangement area of the passive phase shifter.

[0018] Alternatively, the arrangement structure further comprises a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, which are arranged in the same metal layer and are different from the first metal layer.

[0019] Optionally, a direction in which the four terminals are located is recorded as a first direction, and a direction perpendicular to the first direction is recorded as a second direction, all line segments in the first winding area are symmetrically arranged along the first direction, and all line segments in the second winding area are symmetrically arranged along the second direction; each capacitor and each switch are arranged at a center position of the surrounded winding area, and the first switch, the first capacitor, the third capacitor and the third switch are symmetrically arranged along the first direction with the second switch, the second capacitor, the fourth capacitor and the fourth switch, respectively.

[0020] Optionally, the third inductor and the fourth inductor are arranged in the second metal layer instead of the first metal layer, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are stacked, wherein the orthographic projection of the first winding area and the orthographic projection of the second winding area have a dynamic surrounding relationship.

[0021] Optionally, in the first inductor and the second inductor: one inductor includes a first whole line segment, and the other inductor includes at least two first partial line segments, each first partial line segment is interconnected by a first cross line segment to form a first joint line segment, and the first whole line segment and the first joint line segment are arranged in the first winding area by crossing and winding the traces.

[0022] In the third inductor and the fourth inductor: one inductor includes a second whole line segment, and the other inductor includes at least two second partial line segments, each second partial line segment is interconnected by a second cross line segment to form a second joint line segment, and the second whole line segment and the second joint line segment are arranged in the second winding area by crossing and winding the traces.

[0023] Wherein, the first cross line segment is arranged in the second metal layer or the third metal layer and is interconnected with the corresponding first partial line segment by a metal via, the second cross line segment is arranged in the first metal layer, the third metal layer or the fourth metal layer and is interconnected with the corresponding second partial line segment by a metal via, and each metal layer is stacked.

[0024] Optionally, the second whole line segment includes a first winding trace and a first return trace connected by a first return structure, wherein the first return trace is arranged close to the first inductor and the second inductor; the second partial line segment close to the first inductor and the second inductor includes a second winding trace and a second return trace connected by a second return structure, wherein the second return trace is arranged close to the first inductor and the second inductor.

[0025] Optionally, the arrangement structure further includes: at least one intermediate metal layer stacked between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0026] Optionally, the arrangement structure comprises: a first positive phase terminal, a first negative phase terminal, a second positive phase terminal and a second negative phase terminal.

[0027] The first positive phase terminal and the first negative phase terminal are arranged in the same metal layer and on the first side of the device region, wherein the metal layer in which the first positive phase terminal and the first negative phase terminal are arranged is different from the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0028] The second positive phase terminal and the second negative phase terminal are arranged in the same metal layer and on the second side of the device region, wherein the metal layer in which the second positive phase terminal and the second negative phase terminal are arranged is different from the second metal layer.

[0029] The first side and the second side are two opposite sides, and the device region is a device arrangement region of the passive phase shifter.

[0030] Alternatively, the arrangement structure further comprises: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, which are arranged in the same metal layer and different from the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

[0031] Optionally, a direction in which the four terminals are arranged is recorded as a first direction, and a direction perpendicular to the first direction is recorded as a second direction, all the line segments in the first winding area are symmetrically arranged along the first direction, and all the line segments in the second winding area are symmetrically arranged along the second direction; each capacitor and each switch are arranged at the center position of the surrounded winding area, and the first switch, the first capacitor, the third capacitor and the third switch are symmetrically arranged along the first direction with the second switch, the second capacitor, the fourth capacitor and the fourth switch, respectively.

[0032] As described above, the arrangement structure of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter of the present application increases the coupling coefficient between the first inductor and the second inductor by arranging the first inductor and the second inductor in the way of cross winding traces, and increases the coupling coefficient between the third inductor and the fourth inductor by arranging the third inductor and the fourth inductor in the way of cross winding traces, so as to realize larger equivalent inductance value under smaller inductance area, and further reduce the overall circuit size. In addition, the arrangement structure of the present application reduces the coupling coefficient between the third inductor and the first inductor and the second inductor, and the coupling coefficient between the fourth inductor and the first inductor and the second inductor by designing the return traces in the third inductor and the fourth inductor close to the first inductor and the second inductor, and further reduces the coupling coefficient by arranging the first inductor and the second inductor and the third inductor and the fourth inductor in different metal layers, so as to avoid the deterioration of the equivalent inductance values. The arrangement structure of the present application reduces the insertion loss by reducing the inductance winding length, so as to improve the device performance. The present application can realize a passive phase shifter with higher performance under smaller area, and is suitable for on-chip wireless communication and radar system in radio frequency, microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A circuit schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is shown.

[0034] Figure 2 A circuit schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is shown. Figure 1 An equivalent circuit schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is shown.

[0035] Figure 3 An equivalent circuit schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is shown. Figure 1 An equivalent circuit schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is shown.

[0036] Figure 4 An equivalent circuit schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is shown. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the inductance coupling relationship in the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter is shown.

[0037] Figure 5 An arrangement structure schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter in the first embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0038] Figure 6 An arrangement structure schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter in the first embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 An arrangement structure schematic diagram of the first inductor, the second inductor, the capacitors and the switches in the first embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0039] Figure 7 An arrangement structure schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter in the first embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 5 An arrangement structure schematic diagram of the third inductor and the fourth inductor in the first embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0040] Figure 8 An arrangement structure schematic diagram of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter in the second embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0041] Figure 9 shown as Figure 8 schematic diagram of arrangement structure of first inductor, second inductor, each capacitor and each switch in the first embodiment.

[0042] Figure 10 shown as Figure 8 schematic diagram of arrangement structure of third inductor and fourth inductor in the first embodiment.

[0043] Element No. Explanation 100 device region, 101 first winding region, 102 second winding region, 200 first whole line segment, 300 first connection line segment, 301 first first sub-line segment, 302 second first sub-line segment, 303 third first sub-line segment, 400 first cross line segment, 500 second whole line segment, 501 first winding line, 502 first return line, 503 first return structure, 600 second connection line segment, 601 first second sub-line segment, 602 second second sub-line segment, 602a second winding line, 602b second return line, 602c second return structure, 700 second cross line segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present application is herein described, by way of example only, with reference to certain embodiments thereof. It is construed that persons skilled in the art from the above disclosure can easily apprehend other advantages and functionalities of the present application. The present application can be implemented or applied in other different embodiments, and each detail in the present description can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 It is to be noted that the diagrams provided in the present embodiments only schematically illustrate the basic concept of the present application, and thus the diagrams only show the components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. The shape, number and ratio of the components in actual implementation can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout form of the components can be more complicated.

[0046] Figure 1 A differential switched passive phase shifter is shown, comprising a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, a fourth inductor L4, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a first switch SW1, a second switch SW2, a third switch SW3 and a fourth switch SW4; wherein the first inductor L1, the third inductor L3, the first capacitor C1, the third capacitor C3, the first switch SW1 and the third switch SW3 constitute a positive phase part, and the second inductor L2, the fourth inductor L4, the second capacitor C2, the fourth capacitor C4, the second switch SW2 and the fourth switch SW4 constitute a negative phase part.

[0047] In the positive phase part, the same name end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the same name end of the first inductor L1 is also used as the first positive phase terminal P1+ of the passive phase shifter; the different name end of the first inductor L1 is connected with the first end of the third capacitor C3, and the different name end of the first inductor L1 is also used as the second positive phase terminal P2+ of the passive phase shifter; the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the second end of the third capacitor C3 and the same name end of the third inductor L3, and the different name end of the third inductor L3 is connected with the reference ground; the first switch SW1 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the first inductor L1, and the third switch SW3 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the third inductor L3.

[0048] In the negative phase part, the different name end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2, and the different name end of the second inductor L2 is also used as the first negative phase terminal P1- of the passive phase shifter; the same name end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the same name end of the second inductor L2 is also used as the second negative phase terminal P2- of the passive phase shifter; the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the different name end of the fourth inductor L4, and the same name end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected with the reference ground; the second switch SW2 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the second inductor L2, and the fourth switch SW4 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the fourth inductor L4.

[0049] In the negative phase part, the different name end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2, and the different name end of the second inductor L2 is also used as the first negative phase terminal P1- of the passive phase shifter; the same name end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor C4, and the same name end of the second inductor L2 is also used as the second negative phase terminal P2- of the passive phase shifter; the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the different name end of the fourth inductor L4, and the same name end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected with the reference ground; the second switch SW2 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the second inductor L2, and the fourth switch SW4 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the fourth inductor L4.

[0050] The first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 are controlled by the first control signal to be opened or closed, the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are controlled by the second control signal to be opened or closed, and the first control signal and the second control signal are a pair of complementary signals; that is, the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 are opened and closed at the same time, the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are opened and closed at the same time, and the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are opened when the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 are closed, and the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are closed when the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 are opened.

[0051] When the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 are closed, and the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are opened, the first positive phase terminal P1+ and the second positive phase terminal P2+ are shorted, and the first negative phase terminal P1- and the second negative phase terminal P2- are shorted, and the equivalent circuit is as followsFigure 2 At this time, the passive phase shifter has a first phase shift Phase1; wherein the inductance L3' and the inductance L4' are equivalent inductances considering the influence of the inter-inductive coupling. When the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2 are opened, and the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are closed, the third inductance L3 is bypassed by the third switch SW3, and the fourth inductance L4 is bypassed by the fourth switch SW4, and the equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 3 At this time, the passive phase shifter has a second phase shift Phase2; wherein the inductance L1' and the inductance L2' are equivalent inductances considering the influence of the inter-inductive coupling. In this way, the phase control capability Pdiff of the passive phase shifter is Phase2-Phase1.

[0052] In the above passive phase shifter, the four inductances (i.e., the first inductance L1, the second inductance L2, the third inductance L3, and the fourth inductance L4) are coupled to each other in pairs, and the coupling relationship is as shown in Figure 4 Since the coils have symmetry, the coupling between the first inductance L1 and the third inductance L3, the coupling between the first inductance L1 and the fourth inductance L4, the coupling between the second inductance L2 and the third inductance L3, and the coupling between the second inductance L2 and the fourth inductance L4 have the same coupling coefficient k0, the first inductance L1 and the second inductance L2 have a coupling coefficient k1, and the third inductance L3 and the fourth inductance L4 have a coupling coefficient k2.

[0053] The coupling coefficient k1 increases the equivalent inductance values of the first inductance L1 and the second inductance L2, and the increase is positively correlated with the values of the first inductance L1, the second inductance L2, and the coupling coefficient k1; the coupling coefficient k2 increases the equivalent inductance values of the third inductance L3 and the fourth inductance L4, and the increase is positively correlated with the values of the third inductance L3, the fourth inductance L4, and the coupling coefficient k2; and the coupling coefficient k0 reduces the equivalent inductance values of the first inductance L1, the second inductance L2, the third inductance L3, and the fourth inductance L4, and the reduction is positively correlated with the values of the first inductance L1, the second inductance L2, the third inductance L3, the fourth inductance L4, and the coupling coefficient k0.

[0054] When a specific phase control capability is achieved by the passive phase shifter, the first inductance L1, the second inductance L2, the third inductance L3, and the fourth inductance L4 need to have specific equivalent inductance values; however, when designing the inductances, the four inductances are designed to be laid out in the same metal layer, which requires four different winding areas, resulting in a large overall circuit size. At the same time, a large inductance value necessarily leads to a long inductance winding length, thereby increasing the insertion loss of the passive phase shifter and deteriorating the circuit performance.

[0055] To address the above technical problems, this invention proposes a novel arrangement structure. Through a special arrangement design, a miniaturized, high-performance passive phase shifter design can be achieved, solving the technical problems of large overall circuit size and high insertion loss. Example 1

[0056] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides an arrangement structure for a differential switch-type passive phase shifter, which includes at least the arrangement design of a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a fourth inductor L4.

[0057] The first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are disposed in the first metal layer and arranged in the first winding area 101 by means of cross-wound wiring, so as to enhance the coupling between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, thereby increasing the value of the coupling coefficient k1; the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are also disposed in the first metal layer and arranged in the second winding area 102 by means of cross-wound wiring, so as to enhance the coupling between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4, thereby increasing the value of the coupling coefficient k2; wherein, the first winding area 101 and the second winding area 102 have a dynamic enclosing relationship.

[0058] It is important to note that the so-called dynamic encirclement relationship refers to either the first winding region 101 encircling the second winding region 102, or the second winding region 102 encircling the first winding region 101. In practical applications, the specific encirclement relationship is determined by the magnitudes of the first inductance values ​​corresponding to the first inductance L1 and the second inductance L2, and the second inductance values ​​corresponding to the third inductance L3 and the fourth inductance L4. Typically, the inductor with the larger inductance value encircles the inductor with the smaller inductance value. In this embodiment, taking the second inductance value being greater than the first inductance value as an example, the second winding region 102 encircles the first winding region 101.

[0059] Regarding the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2:

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, one inductor includes a first full line segment 200, and another inductor includes at least two first branch lines (e.g., three first branch lines 301-303). Each first branch line is interconnected by a first crossover line segment 400 to form a first connecting line segment 300. The first full line segment 200 and the first connecting line segment 300 are arranged in the first winding area 101 by cross-winding. The first full line segment 200 and each first branch line segment are disposed in a first metal layer, and the first crossover line segment 400 is disposed in a second metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding first branch line segment through metal vias. The metal layers are stacked. For example, the second metal layer is stacked on top of the first metal layer. Of course, it is also feasible for the second metal layer to be stacked below the first metal layer.

[0061] In this embodiment, the second metal layer is stacked on top of the first metal layer; the second inductor L2 includes a first full line segment 200, and the first inductor L1 includes three first branch lines 301-303. The first branch line 301 is interconnected with the second branch line 302 via a first crossover line 400, and the second branch line 302 is interconnected with the third branch line 303 via another first crossover line 400, thus forming the first connecting line segment 300. It should be noted that the number of first branch lines is related to the number of turns of the corresponding inductor, while the number of first crossover lines is related to the number of first branch lines. The specific design should be based on actual needs and is not limited in this regard.

[0062] Regarding the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4:

[0063] like Figure 7 As shown, one inductor includes a second full line segment 500, and the other inductor includes at least two second branch lines (e.g., two second branch lines 601-602). Each second branch line is interconnected by a second crossover segment 700 to form a second connecting segment 600. The second full line segment 500 and the second connecting segment 600 are arranged in a second winding area 102 by cross-winding. The second full line segment 500 and each second branch line are disposed in a first metal layer, and the second crossover segment 700 is disposed in a second or third metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding second branch line through metal vias. The metal layers are stacked. In practical applications, the second crossover segment 700 is usually disposed together with the first crossover segment 400 in the second metal layer.

[0064] In this embodiment, the second spanning segment 700 and the first spanning segment 400 are jointly disposed in the second metal layer, and the second metal layer is stacked on top of the first metal layer; the third inductor L3 includes a second full segment 500, and the fourth inductor L4 includes two second branch segments 601-602, wherein the first second branch segment 601 is interconnected with the second second branch segment 602 through the second spanning segment 700, thereby forming a second connecting segment 600. It should be noted that the number of second branch segments is related to the number of turns of the corresponding inductor, while the number of second spanning segments is related to the number of second branch segments. The specific design should be based on actual needs and is not limited thereto.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment, the second complete line segment 500 includes a first winding trace 501 and a first fold-back trace 502, which are connected by a first fold-back structure 503. The first fold-back trace 502 is positioned close to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, such as... Figure 7As shown; in each second sub-segment, the second sub-segment close to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, for example, the second second sub-segment 602, comprises a second winding trace 602a and a second return trace 602b, both of which are connected through a second return structure 602c, wherein the second return trace 602b is arranged close to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, as Figure 7 As shown; by returning the part close to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 in the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4, the coupling coefficient between the third inductor L3 and the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 and the coupling coefficient between the fourth inductor L4 and the first inductor L1, the second inductor L2 can be reduced. In practical applications, the first return structure 503 and the second return structure 602c are usually U-shaped, and in addition, the number of return turns and the return method of the return trace are not limited in this embodiment.

[0066] The arrangement structure of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter provided in this embodiment also includes the arrangement design of the first positive terminal P1+, the first negative terminal P1-, the second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2-; further, it also includes the arrangement design of the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the first switch SW1, the second switch SW2, the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4.

[0067] Regarding the arrangement design of each terminal:

[0068] The first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1- are arranged in the same metal layer and are arranged on the first side, for example, the upper side, of the device area 100, and the metal layer where the first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1- are arranged is different from the first metal layer, wherein the so-called device area is the device arrangement area of the passive phase shifter. In practical applications, the metal layer where the first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1- are arranged is also different from the second metal layer.

[0069] The second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are arranged in the same metal layer and are arranged on the second side, for example, the lower side, of the device area 100 opposite to the first side, and the metal layer where the second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are arranged is different from the first metal layer. In practical applications, the second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are usually arranged in the same metal layer as the first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1-.

[0070] As a preferred solution, the four terminals (the first positive-phase terminal P1+, the first negative-phase terminal P1-, the second positive-phase terminal P2+ and the second negative-phase terminal P2-) are arranged in the same metal layer; taking the direction in which the four terminals are arranged as a first direction and the direction perpendicular to the first direction as a second direction, then: all the line segments in the first winding area 101 are symmetrically arranged along the first direction, and all the line segments in the second winding area 102 are symmetrically arranged along the second direction, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0071] In actual application, the input and output corresponding to the four terminals can be interchanged, which is bidirectional; when the first positive-phase terminal P1+ and the first negative-phase terminal P1- are used as a pair of input terminals, the second positive-phase terminal P2+ and the second negative-phase terminal P2- are used as a pair of output terminals; when the first positive-phase terminal P1+ and the first negative-phase terminal P1- are used as a pair of output terminals, the second positive-phase terminal P2+ and the second negative-phase terminal P2- are used as a pair of input terminals.

[0072] Regarding the arrangement design of each capacitor and each switch:

[0073] The first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the first switch SW1, the second switch SW2, the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are arranged in the same metal layer and different from the first metal layer. In actual application, the metal layer in which each capacitor and each switch are arranged is also different from the second metal layer, and is usually arranged in the metal layer in which each terminal is arranged. Among them, each capacitor and each switch are arranged at the center position of the surrounded winding area, for example, the center position of the first winding area 101; in addition, the first switch SW1, the first capacitor C1, the third capacitor C3, the third switch SW3 are symmetrically arranged along the first direction with the second switch SW2, the second capacitor C2, the fourth capacitor C4 and the fourth switch SW4, respectively.

[0074] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 , taking three metal layers as an example, the whole line segment and the branch line segment corresponding to each inductor are arranged in the first metal layer (for example, the layer represented by the white line frame), the cross line segment corresponding to each inductor is arranged in the second metal layer (for example, the layer represented by the dot matrix line frame), each terminal, each capacitor and each switch are arranged in the third metal layer (for example, the layer represented by the net format line frame), and the third metal layer, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are stacked from bottom to top; in addition, the first winding area 101 in which the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are arranged is surrounded by the second winding area 102 in which the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are arranged, and each capacitor and each switch is arranged at the center position of the first winding area 101.

[0075] The three first sub-wire segments of the first inductor L1 are interconnected by two first cross-wire segments and metal vias, in addition, the same name end of the first inductor L1 is interconnected with the first positive terminal P1+ by a metal via, and the opposite name end of the first inductor L1 is interconnected with the second positive terminal P2+ by a metal via; the opposite name end of the second inductor L2 is interconnected with the first negative terminal P1- by a metal via, and the same name end of the second inductor L2 is interconnected with the second negative terminal P2- by a metal via;

[0076] The first end of the first switch SW1 is interconnected with the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the first positive terminal P1+ by metal connection lines, respectively, the second end of the first switch SW1 is interconnected with the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the second positive terminal P2+ by metal connection lines, respectively, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is interconnected with the second end of the third capacitor C3 and the first end of the third switch SW3 by metal connection lines, respectively, and the second end of the third switch SW3 is grounded through a grounding point;

[0077] The first end of the second switch SW2 is interconnected with the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first negative terminal P1- by metal connection lines, respectively, the second end of the second switch SW2 is interconnected with the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the second negative terminal P2- by metal connection lines, respectively, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is interconnected with the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the first end of the fourth switch SW4 by metal connection lines, respectively, and the second end of the fourth switch SW4 is grounded through a grounding point;

[0078] The same name end of the third inductor L3 is interconnected with the metal connection line between the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 by a third cross-wire segment and a metal via, and the opposite name end of the third inductor L3 is grounded through a grounding point; the two second sub-wire segments of the fourth inductor L4 are interconnected by a second cross-wire segment and metal vias, in addition, the opposite name end of the fourth inductor L4 is interconnected with the metal connection line between the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4 by another third cross-wire segment and a metal via, and the same name end of the fourth inductor L4 is grounded through a grounding point.

[0079] In practical application, the third cross-wire segment is arranged in the same metal layer as the first cross-wire segment and the second cross-wire segment, in addition, the grounding point can be arranged in any metal layer.

[0080] In this embodiment, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are arranged by cross-wound routing, which helps to increase the coupling coefficient k1 between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2; the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are also arranged by cross-wound routing, which helps to increase the coupling coefficient k2 between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4. The increase of coupling coefficients k1 and k2 helps to reduce the inductor area, that is, to achieve a larger equivalent inductance value with a smaller inductor area, thereby reducing the overall circuit size; in addition, the design of folded routing in the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 near the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 can reduce the coupling coefficient k0 between the corresponding inductors, thereby reducing the deterioration of the equivalent inductance values ​​caused by the coupling coefficient k0. Example 2

[0081] like Figures 8 to 10 As shown, this embodiment provides an arrangement structure for a differential switch-type passive phase shifter, which includes at least the arrangement design of a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a third inductor L3, and a fourth inductor L4.

[0082] The first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are disposed in the first metal layer and arranged in the first winding area 101 by cross-winding to enhance the coupling between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, thereby increasing the value of the coupling coefficient k1; the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are disposed in the second metal layer and arranged in the second winding area 102 by cross-winding to enhance the coupling between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4, thereby increasing the value of the coupling coefficient k2; wherein, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are stacked, for example, the second metal layer is stacked on top of the first metal layer, of course, it is also feasible for the second metal layer to be stacked below the first metal layer, and the orthographic projection of the first winding area 101 and the orthographic projection of the second winding area 102 have a dynamic enclosing relationship.

[0083] It is important to note that the so-called dynamic encirclement relationship refers to either the orthographic projection of the first winding region 101 encircling the orthographic projection of the second winding region 102, or the orthographic projection of the second winding region 102 encircling the orthographic projection of the first winding region 101. In practical applications, the specific encirclement relationship should be determined by the magnitudes of the first inductance values ​​corresponding to the first inductance L1 and the second inductance L2, and the second inductance values ​​corresponding to the third inductance L3 and the fourth inductance L4. Typically, the inductor with the larger inductance value encircles the inductor with the smaller inductance value. In this embodiment, taking the second inductance value being greater than the first inductance value as an example, the orthographic projection of the second winding region 102 encircles the orthographic projection of the first winding region 101.

[0084] Regarding the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2:

[0085] likeFigure 9 As shown, one inductor includes a first full line segment 200, and the other inductor includes at least two first branch lines (e.g., three first branch lines 301-303). Each first branch line is interconnected by a first crossover segment 400 to form a first connecting segment 300. The first full line segment 200 and the first connecting segment 300 are arranged in a first winding area 101 by cross-winding. The first full line segment 200 and each first branch line are disposed in a first metal layer, and the first crossover segment 400 is disposed in a second or third metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding first branch line through metal vias. The metal layers are stacked. In practical applications, each first crossover segment 400 is typically disposed in the second metal layer.

[0086] In this embodiment, each first spanning segment 400 is disposed in the second metal layer, and the second metal layer is stacked on top of the first metal layer; the second inductor L2 includes a first full segment 200, and the first inductor L1 includes three first branch segments 301~303, wherein the first first branch segment 301 is interconnected with the second first branch segment 302 through a first spanning segment 400, and the second first branch segment 302 is interconnected with the third first branch segment 303 through another first spanning segment 400, thereby forming a first connecting segment 300. It should be noted that the number of first branch segments is related to the number of turns of the corresponding inductor, while the number of first spanning segments is related to the number of first branch segments. The specific design should be based on actual needs and is not limited in this regard.

[0087] Regarding the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4:

[0088] like Figure 10 As shown, one inductor includes a second full line segment 500, and the other inductor includes at least two second branch lines (e.g., two second branch lines 601-602). Each second branch line is interconnected by a second crossover segment 700 to form a second connecting segment 600. The second full line segment 500 and the second connecting segment 600 are arranged in a second winding area 102 by cross-winding. The second full line segment 500 and each second branch line are disposed in a second metal layer, and the second crossover segment 700 is disposed in a first, third, or fourth metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding second branch line through metal vias. The metal layers are stacked. In practical applications, each second crossover segment 700 is typically disposed in the first metal layer.

[0089] In this embodiment, the second spanning segment 700 is disposed in the first metal layer, and the first metal layer is stacked below the second metal layer; the third inductor L3 includes a second full segment 500, and the fourth inductor L4 includes two second branch segments 601-602, wherein the first second branch segment 601 is interconnected with the second second branch segment 602 through the second spanning segment 700, thereby forming a second connecting segment 600. It should be noted that the number of second branch segments is related to the number of turns of the corresponding inductor, while the number of second spanning segments is related to the number of second branch segments. The specific design should be based on actual needs and is not limited in this regard.

[0090] As a preferred embodiment, the second complete line segment 500 includes a first winding trace 501 and a first fold-back trace 502, which are connected by a first fold-back structure 503. The first fold-back trace 502 is positioned close to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, such as... Figure 10 As shown; in each second segment, the second segment closest to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, for example, the second second segment 602, includes a second wound trace 602a and a second folded-back trace 602b, which are connected by a second folded-back structure 602c. The second folded-back trace 602b is positioned close to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, such as... Figure 10 As shown, by routing the portions of the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 closest to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 in a reverse manner, the coupling coefficient between the third inductor L3 and the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, as well as the coupling coefficient between the fourth inductor L4 and the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, can be reduced. In practical applications, the first reverse structure 503 and the second reverse structure 602c are usually U-shaped. Furthermore, this embodiment does not impose restrictions on the number of reverse turns or the reverse routing method.

[0091] In practical applications, the arrangement structure of this embodiment may further include at least one intermediate metal layer, stacked between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, to further reduce the coupling coefficient between the third inductor L3 and the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, and the coupling coefficient between the fourth inductor L4 and the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2. It should be noted that the number of intermediate metal layers should be set according to specific requirements and is not limited thereto.

[0092] The differential switch-type passive phase shifter provided in this embodiment also includes the arrangement design of the first positive phase terminal P1+, the first negative phase terminal P1-, the second positive phase terminal P2+, and the second negative phase terminal P2-; furthermore, it also includes the arrangement design of the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the first switch SW1, the second switch SW2, the third switch SW3, and the fourth switch SW4.

[0093] The arrangement of the terminals:

[0094] The first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1- are arranged in the same metal layer and on the first side, for example, the upper side, of the device region 100. The metal layer in which the first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1- are arranged is different from the first metal layer and the second metal layer. The device region is the device arrangement region of the passive phase shifter.

[0095] The second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are arranged in the same metal layer and on the second side, for example, the lower side, of the device region 100 opposite to the first side. The metal layer in which the second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are arranged is different from the first metal layer. In practical applications, the second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are usually arranged in the same metal layer as the first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1-.

[0096] As a preferred arrangement, the four terminals (the first positive terminal P1+, the first negative terminal P1-, the second positive terminal P2+, and the second negative terminal P2-) are arranged in the same metal layer. If the direction in which the four terminals are arranged is referred to as the first direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is referred to as the second direction, then: all the line segments in the first winding area 101 are symmetrically arranged along the first direction, and all the line segments in the second winding area 102 are symmetrically arranged along the second direction, as shown in FIG. 1B. Figure 8

[0097] In practical applications, the input and output corresponding to the four terminals can be interchanged, which is bidirectional. When the first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1- are used as a pair of input terminals, the second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are used as a pair of output terminals. When the first positive terminal P1+ and the first negative terminal P1- are used as a pair of output terminals, the second positive terminal P2+ and the second negative terminal P2- are used as a pair of input terminals.

[0098] The arrangement of the capacitors and the switches:

[0099] ​The first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the first switch SW1, the second switch SW2, the third switch SW3 and the fourth switch SW4 are arranged in the same metal layer and different from the first metal layer and the second metal layer. In practical applications, each capacitor and each switch are usually arranged in the metal layer where each terminal is located. Among them, each capacitor and each switch are arranged at the center position of the surrounded winding area, for example, the center position of the first winding area 101; in addition, the first switch SW1, the first capacitor C1, the third capacitor C3, the third switch SW3 are respectively arranged symmetrically with the second switch SW2, the second capacitor C2, the fourth capacitor C4 and the fourth switch SW4 along the first direction.

[0100] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 8 For example, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 correspond to the whole line segment and the branch line segment, and the second cross line segment are arranged in the first metal layer (for example, the layer represented by the white line frame), the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 correspond to the whole line segment and the branch line segment, and the first cross line segment are arranged in the second metal layer (for example, the layer represented by the dot matrix line frame), and each terminal, each capacitor and each switch are arranged in the third metal layer (for example, the layer represented by the net format line frame), wherein the third metal layer, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; in addition, the first winding area 101 where the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are located is surrounded by the second winding area 102 where the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are located, and each capacitor and each switch is arranged at the center position of the first winding area 101.

[0101] The three first branch line segments of the first inductor L1 are interconnected by two first cross line segments through metal vias, in addition, the same name end of the first inductor L1 is interconnected with the first positive phase terminal P1+ through metal vias, and the different name end of the first inductor L1 is interconnected with the second positive phase terminal P2+ through metal vias; the different name end of the second inductor L2 is interconnected with the first negative phase terminal P1- through metal vias, and the same name end of the second inductor L2 is interconnected with the second negative phase terminal P2- through metal vias;

[0102] The first end of the first switch SW1 is interconnected with the first end of the first capacitor C1 and the first positive phase terminal P1+ through metal connecting lines respectively, the second end of the first switch SW1 is interconnected with the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the second positive phase terminal P2+ through metal connecting lines respectively, the second end of the first capacitor C1 is interconnected with the second end of the third capacitor C3 and the first end of the third switch SW3 through metal connecting lines respectively, and the second end of the third switch SW3 is grounded through the grounding point;

[0103] The first end of the second switch SW2 is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first negative phase terminal P1- through a metal connecting line respectively, the second end of the second switch SW2 is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the second negative phase terminal P2- through a metal connecting line respectively, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the first end of the fourth switch SW4 through a metal connecting line respectively, and the second end of the fourth switch SW4 is grounded through a grounding point;

[0104] The same end of the third inductor L3 is connected with the metal connecting line between the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 through a metal connecting line and a metal via, and the different end of the third inductor L3 is grounded through a grounding point; the two second branch segments of the fourth inductor L4 are connected through a second cross-line segment and a metal via, in addition, the different end of the fourth inductor L4 is connected with the metal connecting line between the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4 through another metal connecting line and a metal via, and the same end of the fourth inductor L4 is grounded through a grounding point. In practical application, the grounding point can be arranged in any metal layer.

[0105] In the embodiment, the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are arranged in a cross-winding manner, which is beneficial to increase the coupling coefficient k1 between the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2; the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 are arranged in a cross-winding manner, which is beneficial to increase the coupling coefficient k2 between the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4; and the increase of the coupling coefficient k1 and the coupling coefficient k2 is beneficial to reduce the inductance area, that is, a larger equivalent inductance value is realized under a smaller inductance area, thereby reducing the overall circuit size; in addition, arranging the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 and the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 in different metal layers can reduce the coupling coefficient k0 between the corresponding inductors, and designing a return line in the third inductor L3 and the fourth inductor L4 close to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 can further reduce the coupling coefficient k0 between the corresponding inductors, thereby reducing the deterioration of each equivalent inductance value caused by the coupling coefficient k0.

[0106] In summary, the arrangement structure of the differential switch switching type passive phase shifter of the present application increases the coupling coefficient between the first inductor and the second inductor by arranging the first inductor and the second inductor in the way of cross winding traces, increases the coupling coefficient between the third inductor and the fourth inductor by arranging the third inductor and the fourth inductor in the way of cross winding traces, thereby realizing larger equivalent inductance value under smaller inductance area, and further reducing the overall circuit size. In addition, the return traces are designed in the third inductor and the fourth inductor close to the first inductor and the second inductor to reduce the coupling coefficient between the third inductor and the first inductor and the second inductor, and the coupling coefficient between the fourth inductor and the first inductor and the second inductor, and the first inductor and the second inductor and the third inductor and the fourth inductor are arranged in different metal layers to further reduce the coupling coefficient, thereby avoiding the deterioration of each equivalent inductance value. The arrangement structure of the present application reduces the insertion loss by reducing the inductance winding length, thereby improving the device performance. The present application can realize a passive phase shifter with higher performance under smaller area, and is suitable for on-chip wireless communication and radar system in radio frequency, microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands. Therefore, the present application effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0107] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An arrangement structure of a differential switch-type passive phase shifter, characterized in that, The arrangement structure includes: First inductor, second inductor, third inductor, and fourth inductor; The first inductor and the second inductor are disposed in the first metal layer and arranged in the first winding area by means of cross-wound wiring; The third inductor and the fourth inductor are disposed in the first metal layer and arranged in the second winding area by means of cross-wound wiring; The first winding region and the second winding region have a dynamic enclosing relationship; In the third inductor and the fourth inductor, one inductor includes a second full line segment, and the other inductor includes at least two second branch lines. Each second branch line segment is interconnected by a second cross line segment to form a second connecting line segment. The second full line segment and the second connecting line segment are arranged in the second winding area by a cross-wound wiring method. The second complete line segment includes a first winding trace and a first folded-back trace, which are connected by a first folded-back structure. The first folded-back trace is positioned close to the first inductor and the second inductor. The second sub-line segment positioned close to the first inductor and the second inductor includes a second winding trace and a second folded-back trace, which are connected by a second folded-back structure. The second folded-back trace is positioned close to the first inductor and the second inductor.

2. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first inductor and the second inductor: one inductor includes a first full line segment, and the other inductor includes at least two first branch lines. Each of the first branch lines is interconnected by a first cross line segment to form a first connecting line segment. The first full line segment and the first connecting line segment are arranged in the first winding area by a cross-wound wiring method. The first cross segment is disposed in the second metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding first sub-segment through a metal via. The second cross segment is disposed in the second or third metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding second sub-segment through a metal via. Furthermore, the metal layers are stacked.

3. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The arrangement structure includes: a first positive phase terminal, a first negative phase terminal, a second positive phase terminal, and a second negative phase terminal; The first positive terminal and the first negative terminal are disposed in the same metal layer and on the first side of the device region, wherein the metal layer in which the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal are located is different from the first metal layer; The second positive terminal and the second negative terminal are disposed in the same metal layer and on the second side of the device region, wherein the metal layer in which the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal are located is different from the first metal layer; Wherein, the first side and the second side are two sides opposite to each other, and the device area is the device arrangement area of ​​the passive phase shifter; Alternatively, the arrangement structure may further include: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch, all disposed in the same metal layer and different from the first metal layer.

4. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The direction of the four terminals is designated as the first direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is designated as the second direction. All line segments in the first winding area are symmetrically arranged along the first direction, and all line segments in the second winding area are symmetrically arranged along the second direction. Each capacitor and each switch are located at the center of the surrounded winding area, and the first switch, the first capacitor, the third capacitor, and the third switch are symmetrically arranged with the second switch, the second capacitor, the fourth capacitor, and the fourth switch along the first direction.

5. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third inductor and the fourth inductor are changed from being disposed in the first metal layer to being disposed in the second metal layer, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer are stacked, wherein the orthographic projection of the first winding region and the orthographic projection of the second winding region have a dynamic enclosing relationship.

6. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the first inductor and the second inductor: one inductor includes a first full line segment, and the other inductor includes at least two first branch lines. Each of the first branch lines is interconnected by a first cross line segment to form a first connecting line segment. The first full line segment and the first connecting line segment are arranged in the first winding area by a cross-wound wiring method. The first cross segment is disposed in the second or third metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding first sub-segment through a metal via. The second cross segment is disposed in the first, third or fourth metal layer and interconnected with the corresponding second sub-segment through a metal via. Furthermore, the metal layers are stacked.

7. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to claim 5, characterized in that, The arrangement structure further includes: at least one intermediate metal layer, stacked between the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

8. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The arrangement structure includes: a first positive phase terminal, a first negative phase terminal, a second positive phase terminal, and a second negative phase terminal; The first positive terminal and the first negative terminal are disposed in the same metal layer and on the first side of the device region, wherein the metal layer in which the first positive terminal and the first negative terminal are located is different from the first metal layer and the second metal layer; The second positive terminal and the second negative terminal are disposed in the same metal layer and on the second side of the device region, wherein the metal layer in which the second positive terminal and the second negative terminal are located is different from the second metal layer; Wherein, the first side and the second side are two sides opposite to each other, and the device area is the device arrangement area of ​​the passive phase shifter; Alternatively, the arrangement structure may further include: a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch, all disposed in the same metal layer and different from the first metal layer and the second metal layer.

9. The arrangement structure of the differential switch-type passive phase shifter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The direction of the four terminals is designated as the first direction, and the direction perpendicular to the first direction is designated as the second direction. All line segments in the first winding area are symmetrically arranged along the first direction, and all line segments in the second winding area are symmetrically arranged along the second direction. Each capacitor and each switch are located at the center of the surrounded winding area, and the first switch, the first capacitor, the third capacitor, and the third switch are symmetrically arranged with the second switch, the second capacitor, the fourth capacitor, and the fourth switch along the first direction.

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