Method for facet processing of extremely complete cleavage gemstone or mineral

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gemstone and mineral facet processing, in particular to a method for extremely complete cleavage gemstone or mineral facet processing, which comprises the following steps of: 1, adhering a single crystal to be processed to the lower bottom surface of a platform at the lower part of a suspension rod, and enabling the cleavage surface of the single crystal to be processed to be parallel to the lower bottom surface of the platform; 2, a needed facet angle is obtained by adjusting a crank arm, and a second bolt is tightened to lock the angle after the angle is confirmed; 3, a suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly descend, the single crystal to be machined makes contact with a first polishing and grinding belt and a second polishing and grinding belt, and facet operation is started through rotation of the first polishing and grinding belt and the second polishing and grinding belt in cooperation with liquid in a liquid storage tank; according to the method, asymmetric force caused by polishing and grinding of internal surface nets of single crystals of extremely completely cleaved gems or minerals can be counteracted, relative displacement between the surface nets is restrained or reduced, then the possibility that the crystals crack in the cleavage surface direction is greatly reduced, and the success rate and quality of facet machining are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gemstone and mineral faceting processing, in particular to a method for extremely complete cleavage gemstone or mineral faceting processing. Background Art

[0002] Cleavage refers to the property of a gemstone or mineral crystal to split into smooth planes along a specific crystallographic direction under the influence of external forces. Because the bond strengths of a crystal vary along different crystallographic directions, cleavage occurs along the direction where the chemical bonds of the facet network are weakest. Gems or minerals with extremely complete cleavage are particularly prone to cleavage and well-developed cleavage planes. Therefore, faceting in extremely complete cleavage gemstones or minerals in directions not parallel to the cleavage planes is extremely difficult.

[0003] Traditional processing methods include laser cutting and conventional flat faceting. While laser cutting can often produce flat surfaces that are not parallel to the cleavage plane, these surfaces are often rough and cannot meet high-end processing requirements. Furthermore, the high temperatures generated during laser cutting can cause uneven heating and cracking in crystals of perfectly cleaved gemstones or minerals. Conventional flat faceting, while capable of producing relatively smooth surfaces, applies force only in one direction within the perfectly cleaved gemstone or mineral, resulting in a near-zero success rate. Both of these processing methods are unsatisfactory. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for faceting extremely completely cleaved gemstones or minerals, which can simultaneously polish and facet both sides of an extremely completely cleaved gemstone or mineral, and can offset the asymmetric force caused by polishing on the internal face network of a single crystal of an extremely completely cleaved gemstone or mineral.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] A method for faceting a very completely cleaved gemstone or mineral, the method comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Glue the single crystal to be processed to the bottom surface of the platform below the suspension, with the cleavage plane of the single crystal to be processed parallel to the bottom surface of the platform;

[0008] Step 2: Adjust the crank arm to obtain the desired facet angle, and tighten the second bolt to lock the angle after confirming the angle.

[0009] Step 3: Manually control the suspension rod to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt. Through the rotation of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt and the cooperation of the liquid in the liquid storage tank, the faceting operation begins;

[0010] Step 4: After the faceting operation is completed, the suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly rise and the single crystal to be processed with partially faceted areas is separated from the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt. Then, the second bolt on the suspension rod is tightened to lock the suspension rod to prevent it from falling.

[0011] Step 5: Use a disintegrant to remove the single crystal to be processed with the faceted area of ​​the completed area stuck to the lower bottom surface of the lower platform of the suspension rod.

[0012] Furthermore, step 3 is further specifically as follows: the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt are both wide annular sandpaper belts, the suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and both sides of the single crystal to be processed are faceted simultaneously by rotating the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and cooling water in the liquid storage tank is used;

[0013] Alternatively, step 3 is further specified as follows: the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt are both annular wide and thin plastic belts, and the suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt are rotated and the polishing liquid in the liquid storage tank is used to simultaneously facet both sides of the single crystal to be processed.

[0014] Furthermore, the invention further comprises a processing device, the processing device comprising a first polishing belt located at the rear side and a second polishing belt located at the front side, the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt being arranged obliquely and symmetrically, and a collecting pool, the top of the collecting pool having a fixed frame, the fixed frame being provided with a polishing assembly;

[0015] The polishing assembly includes two fixed plates fixed between the front and rear cross bars of the fixed frame, a connecting rod is provided at the front and rear ends of the fixed plates, and a mounting block is fixed at the middle of the fixed plates; the left and right connecting rods on the rear side are respectively connected to the first rotating shaft A bearing of the first polishing belt, and the rear side between the two mounting blocks is respectively connected to the first rotating shaft B bearing of the first polishing belt;

[0016] The left and right connecting rods on the front side are respectively connected to the second rotating shaft A bearing of the second polishing belt, and the front sides between the two mounting blocks are respectively connected to the second rotating shaft B bearing of the second polishing belt;

[0017] The left end of the first rotating shaft B penetrates the mounting block and is connected to the mounting block bearing, and the left end of the first rotating shaft B is connected to the output end of a driving motor; a first gear is fixed on the first rotating shaft B between the mounting block and the driving motor, and the left end of the second rotating shaft B penetrates the mounting block and is fixed with a second gear that meshes with the first gear.

[0018] Furthermore, a door-shaped frame is fixed on the fixed frame, and the top of the door-shaped frame has a fixed block with a through hole, and a hanging rod is provided in the through hole. The hanging rod is supported and limited in the through hole by a first bolt; the hanging rod has a scale groove, and the bottom of the hanging rod has a platform.

[0019] Furthermore, an extension rod is provided at one end of the top of the portal frame, a liquid storage tank is fixed to the top of the extension rod, and a liquid guide tube is connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tank, and a valve is provided on the liquid guide tube.

[0020] Furthermore, the extension rod is provided with a limiting collar for the catheter to pass through.

[0021] Furthermore, the connecting rod is a curved arm, and the bending arc of the curved arm is 1 / 4 of the circumference of a perfect circle; a channel is provided on the fixing plate, and the curved arm is supported and limited in the channel by a second bolt.

[0022] Furthermore, 90 scales are evenly distributed on the side of the curved arm, and each scale corresponds to 1° of the central angle of the perfect circle corresponding to the bending arc of the curved arm.

[0023] Furthermore, a flat supporting surface is fixed between the two machine bases of the first polishing belt, and a flat supporting surface is also fixed between the two machine bases of the second polishing belt.

[0024] Furthermore, the bottom of the collection tank has a drainage hole.

[0025] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0026] (1) The polishing assembly can realize faceting of extremely completely cleaved gemstones or minerals; by simultaneously polishing and faceting both sides of the extremely completely cleaved gemstones or minerals with the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, the asymmetric force of the internal facets of the single crystal of the extremely completely cleaved gemstones or minerals caused by polishing can be offset, the relative displacement between the facets can be curbed or reduced, and the possibility of the crystal cracking along the cleavage plane direction can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the success rate and quality of the faceting processing.

[0027] (2) The height of the suspension rod is adjusted by the first bolt, thereby adjusting the height of the extremely completely cleaved gemstone or mineral to be processed, so as to facilitate the subsequent downward movement of the extremely completely cleaved gemstone or mineral to contact the upper surface of the polishing belt.

[0028] (3) Loosen the second bolt so that the crank arm can slide in the channel, thereby adjusting the angle of the crank arm, and then adjusting the inclination angle of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and then adjusting the facet angle. After the adjustment is completed, tighten the second bolt against the crank arm.

[0029] (4) A flat support surface is fixed between the two machine bases of the first polishing belt, and a flat support surface is also fixed between the two machine bases of the second polishing belt, which can reduce the deformation of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt in contact with the cutting object during the faceting process.

[0030] The present invention can offset the asymmetric force caused by polishing of the internal facets of a single crystal of a completely cleaved gemstone or mineral, curb or reduce the relative displacement between the facets, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of the crystal cracking along the cleavage plane and improving the success rate and quality of faceting processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the processing device.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the collection pool.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a flat support surface.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the liquid storage tank.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the crank arm.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the facets of a very completely cleaved gemstone or mineral.

[0037] In the figure: first polishing belt 1, second polishing belt 2, collecting tank 3, fixed frame 4, polishing assembly 5, cross bar 41, fixing plate 51, connecting rod 52, mounting block 53, first rotating shaft A101, first rotating shaft B102, driving motor 54, first gear 55, second gear 56, portal frame 6, fixing block 7, through hole 71, suspension rod 8, first bolt 9, extension rod 10, liquid storage tank 11, liquid guide tube 12, valve 13, limiting collar 14, channel 511, second bolt 15, scale 521, machine base 103, flat supporting surface 104, drainage hole 31, single crystal to be processed 100. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a first embodiment of a method for extremely complete cleavage gemstone or mineral faceting, the method being as follows:

[0040] Step 1: Glue the single crystal to be processed to the bottom surface of the platform below the suspension, with the cleavage plane of the single crystal to be processed parallel to the bottom surface of the platform;

[0041] Step 2: Adjust the crank arm to obtain the desired facet angle, and tighten the second bolt to lock the angle after confirming the angle.

[0042] Step 3: Manually control the suspension rod to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt. Through the rotation of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt and the cooperation of the liquid in the liquid storage tank, the faceting operation begins;

[0043] Step 4: After the faceting operation is completed, the suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly rise and the single crystal to be processed with partially faceted areas is separated from the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt. Then, the second bolt on the suspension rod is tightened to lock the suspension rod to prevent it from falling.

[0044] Step 5: Use a disintegrant to remove the single crystal to be processed with the faceted area of ​​the completed area stuck to the lower bottom surface of the lower platform of the suspension rod.

[0045] Step 3 is further specifically as follows: fixing sandpaper on the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, manually controlling the suspension rod to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and driving the sandpaper to facet both sides of the single crystal to be processed simultaneously through the rotation of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and cooperating with cooling water in the liquid storage tank;

[0046] Alternatively, step 3 is further specifically as follows: manually controlling the suspension rod to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and faceting both sides of the single crystal to be processed simultaneously through the rotation of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt and in conjunction with the polishing liquid in the liquid storage tank.

[0047] Also includes a processing device, the processing device

[0048] The apparatus comprises a first polishing belt 1 located at the rear side and a second polishing belt 2 located at the front side, wherein the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2 are arranged obliquely and symmetrically. The apparatus also comprises a collection tank 3 for collecting waste liquid generated during the faceting process. The collection tank 3 has a fixed frame 4 at the top, and a polishing assembly 5 is provided on the fixed frame 4. The polishing assembly 5 can realize faceting of the single crystal 100 to be processed.

[0049] The polishing assembly 5 includes two fixed plates 51 fixed between the front and rear cross bars 41 of the fixed frame 4. A connecting rod 52 is provided at the front and rear ends of the fixed plate 51, and a mounting block 53 is fixed to the middle of the fixed plate 51. The left and right connecting rods 52 on the rear side are respectively connected to the first rotating shaft A101 of the first polishing belt 1, and the rear side between the two mounting blocks 53 is respectively connected to the first rotating shaft B102 of the first polishing belt 1.

[0050] The left and right connecting rods 52 on the front side are respectively connected to the second rotating shaft A bearings of the second polishing belt 2, and the front sides between the two mounting blocks 53 are respectively connected to the second rotating shaft B bearings of the second polishing belt 2;

[0051] The left end of the first rotating shaft B102 penetrates the mounting block 53 and is connected to the bearing of the mounting block 53. The left end of the first rotating shaft B102 is connected to the output end of a driving motor 54. A first gear 55 is fixed on the first rotating shaft B102 between the mounting block 53 and the driving motor 54. The left end of the second rotating shaft B penetrates the mounting block 53 and is fixed with a second gear 56 that meshes with the first gear 55.

[0052] In this embodiment, both the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2 are wide, endless sandpaper belts used for faceting the single crystal 100 to be processed. The drive motor 54 rotates the first rotating shaft B102, which simultaneously rotates the first gear 55 and the first polishing belt 1. This rotation of the first polishing belt 1 polishes and facets one side of the single crystal 100 to be processed. Simultaneously, the rotation of the first gear 55 rotates the second gear 56, which in turn rotates the second rotating shaft B. This rotation of the second rotating shaft B rotates the second polishing belt 2, which then rotates to polish and facet the other side of the single crystal 100 to be processed. During this process, the counterclockwise rotation of the first gear 55 causes the clockwise rotation of the second gear 56, which in turn causes both the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2 to rotate outward.

[0053] By simultaneously polishing and faceting both sides of the single crystal 100 to be processed with the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2, the asymmetric force caused by polishing on the internal facets of the single crystal 100 to be processed can be offset, and the relative displacement between the facets can be curbed or reduced, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of the crystal cracking along the cleavage plane direction, and improving the success rate and quality of the facet processing.

[0054] A portal frame 6 is fixed to the fixed frame 4. The top of the portal frame 6 has a fixed block 7 with a through hole 71. A hanger 8 is disposed within the through hole 71 and is retained within the through hole 71 by a first bolt 9. The hanger 8 has a graduated groove, which is retained within the graduated groove by the first bolt 9, facilitating the positioning of the hanger 8. The bottom of the hanger 8 has a platform, to which the single crystal 100 to be processed is adhered. The height of the hanger 8 is adjusted by the first bolt 9, thereby adjusting the height of the single crystal 100 to be processed. This facilitates the subsequent downward movement of the single crystal 100 to contact the upper surfaces of the first and second polishing belts 1 and 2.

[0055] Loosen the first bolt 9 to release the limit of the suspension rod 8, manually control the suspension rod 8 to slowly descend so that the single crystal 100 to be processed contacts the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2, and start the faceting operation. During the faceting operation, the height of the suspension rod 8 is always manually controlled.

[0056] The top end of the portal frame 6 has an extension rod 10, affixed to the top of which is a liquid reservoir 11. The bottom of the reservoir 11 is connected to a liquid conduit 12, which has a valve 13. Cooling water is added to the reservoir 11 for supply during faceting operations, and the valve 13 controls the flow rate of the liquid in the reservoir 11.

[0057] Based on the first embodiment, the present invention provides a second embodiment of a method for extremely completely cleaved gemstones or mineral faceting, wherein the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2 are both annular wide and thin plastic belts, and a polishing liquid is added to the liquid storage tank 11. The polishing liquid can be a suspension containing chromium oxide, aluminum oxide, diatomaceous earth or diamond powder with water as the base liquid, but is not limited thereto; the faceting operation is performed by cooperating with the polishing liquid and the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2.

[0058] Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention provides a third embodiment of a method for extremely complete cleavage of gemstones or mineral facets, wherein the extension rod 10 has a limiting collar 14 for the passage of the liquid guide tube 12, which is used to limit the position of the liquid guide tube 12.

[0059] Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention provides a fourth embodiment of an apparatus for faceting extremely completely cleaved gemstones or minerals, wherein the connecting rod 52 is a curved arm having a curvature that is 1 / 4 of a perfect circle. The fixing plate 51 defines a channel 511, and the curved arm is held in place within the channel 511 by a second bolt 15. Loosening the second bolt 15 allows the curved arm to slide within the channel 511, thereby adjusting the angle of the curved arm, and thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2, and thereby adjusting the faceting angle. After adjustment is complete, the second bolt 15 is tightened against the curved arm.

[0060] Based on the fourth embodiment, the present invention provides a fifth embodiment of a device for extremely complete cleavage of gemstones or mineral faceting, wherein 90 scales 521 are evenly distributed on the side of the curved arm, and each scale 521 corresponds to 1° of the central angle of the perfect circle corresponding to the bending arc of the curved arm, so that the angle of the curved arm can be adjusted more accurately.

[0061] Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention provides a sixth embodiment of an apparatus for extremely complete cleavage of gemstones or minerals for faceting, wherein a flat support surface 104 is fixed between the two machine bases 103 of the first polishing belt 1, and a flat support surface 104 is also fixed between the two machine bases 103 of the second polishing belt 2, which can reduce the deformation of the first polishing belt 1 and the second polishing belt 2 that are in contact with the cutting object during the faceting process.

[0062] Based on any of the above embodiments, the present invention provides a seventh embodiment of a device for extremely complete cleavage of gemstones or minerals for faceting, wherein the bottom of the collection pool 3 has a drainage hole 31 capable of discharging waste liquid generated during the faceting process.

[0063] The driving motor, valve, and polishing liquid in the present invention are all prior art, and those skilled in the art are already well aware of them, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be understood as limiting the present application. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent application of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage, characterized in that: The method is as follows: Step 1: Glue the single crystal to be processed to the bottom surface of the platform below the suspension, with the cleavage plane of the single crystal to be processed parallel to the bottom surface of the platform; Step 2: Adjust the crank arm to obtain the desired facet angle, and tighten the second bolt to lock the angle after confirming the angle. Step 3: Manually control the suspension rod to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt. Through the rotation of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt and the cooperation of the liquid in the liquid storage tank, the faceting operation begins; Step 4: After the faceting operation is completed, the suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly rise and the single crystal to be processed with partially faceted areas is separated from the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt. Then, the second bolt on the suspension rod is tightened to lock the suspension rod to prevent it from falling. Step 5: Use a disintegrant to remove the single crystal to be processed with the faceted area of ​​the completed area stuck to the lower bottom surface of the lower platform of the suspension rod.

2. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3 is further specifically as follows: the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt are both wide annular sandpaper belts, the suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and both sides of the single crystal to be processed are faceted simultaneously by the rotation of the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, while cooling water in the liquid storage tank is used; Alternatively, step 3 is further specified as follows: the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt are both annular wide and thin plastic belts, and the suspension rod is manually controlled to slowly descend so that the single crystal to be processed contacts the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt, and the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt are rotated and the polishing liquid in the liquid storage tank is used to simultaneously facet both sides of the single crystal to be processed.

3. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a processing device, the processing device including a first polishing belt located at the rear side and a second polishing belt located at the front side, the first polishing belt and the second polishing belt being arranged obliquely and symmetrically, and a collection tank, the top of the collection tank having a fixed frame, and the fixed frame being provided with a polishing assembly; The polishing assembly includes two fixed plates fixed between the front and rear cross bars of the fixed frame, a connecting rod is provided at the front and rear ends of the fixed plates, and a mounting block is fixed at the middle of the fixed plates; the left and right connecting rods on the rear side are respectively connected to the first rotating shaft A bearing of the first polishing belt, and the rear side between the two mounting blocks is respectively connected to the first rotating shaft B bearing of the first polishing belt; The left and right connecting rods on the front side are respectively connected to the second rotating shaft A bearing of the second polishing belt, and the front sides between the two mounting blocks are respectively connected to the second rotating shaft B bearing of the second polishing belt; The left end of the first rotating shaft B penetrates the mounting block and is connected to the mounting block bearing, and the left end of the first rotating shaft B is connected to the output end of a driving motor; a first gear is fixed on the first rotating shaft B between the mounting block and the driving motor, and the left end of the second rotating shaft B penetrates the mounting block and is fixed with a second gear that meshes with the first gear.

4. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 3, characterized in that: A door-shaped frame is fixed on the fixed frame, and the top of the door-shaped frame has a fixed block with a through hole. A hanging rod is arranged in the through hole, and the hanging rod is restrained in the through hole by a first bolt; a scale groove is provided on the hanging rod, and a platform is provided at the bottom of the hanging rod.

5. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 4, characterized in that: An extension rod is provided at one end of the top of the portal frame. A liquid storage tank is fixed on the top of the extension rod. The bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected to a liquid guide tube, and a valve is provided on the liquid guide tube.

6. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extension rod is provided with a limiting collar for the catheter to pass through.

7. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rod is a curved arm, and the curved arc of the curved arm is 1 / 4 of the circumference of a perfect circle; a channel is provided on the fixing plate, and the curved arm is supported and limited in the channel by a second bolt.

8. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are 90 scales evenly distributed on the side of the curved arm, and each scale corresponds to 1° of the central angle of the perfect circle corresponding to the bending arc of the curved arm.

9. A method for faceting a gemstone or mineral with extremely complete cleavage according to claim 3, characterized in that: A flat supporting surface is fixed between the two machine bases of the first polishing belt, and a flat supporting surface is also fixed between the two machine bases of the second polishing belt.

10. A method for faceting extremely completely cleaved gemstones or minerals according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the collecting tank is provided with a drainage hole.

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