Directional drilling and reaming device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of coal mining, and discloses a directional drilling and reaming device which comprises a walking device and further comprises a feeding assembly fixedly connected to the walking device. The sleeve assembly is rotationally connected to the feeding assembly; the drill bit shell assembly is fixedly connected to the sleeve assembly; the top tooth assembly is connected into the drill bit shell assembly in a sliding mode. The sleeve assembly, the drill bit shell assembly, the translation rotating assembly, the top tooth assembly and the extending tooth assembly are the same in rotating speed and rotating direction. The control sleeve carries the extending tooth assembly, the control sleeve is pushed in along the triangular shaft before operation, finally, the drill teeth are ejected out of the external expansion groove, meanwhile, when the drill teeth need to be checked or replaced, the drill teeth can be replaced or checked by pulling out the control sleeve, the whole drilling sleeve does not need to be withdrawn, and operation is convenient. The risk of angle deflection caused by withdrawing the drilling sleeve and re-inserting is reduced, the working efficiency is improved, the construction period is shortened, and meanwhile the drilling quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to, but is not limited to, the technical field of coal mining, and in particular to a directional drilling and reaming device. Background Art

[0002] In coal mining and excavation, directional drilling and hole expansion equipment is mainly used to expand the diameter of the drilled hole to improve the efficiency of operations such as gas extraction, water injection and permeability enhancement, and water exploration and drainage. Its application scenarios include complex formation operations such as coal seam permeability enhancement drilling, roof high-position drilling, and bottom extraction tunnel through-layer drilling. By expanding the hole, the permeability and drainage capacity of the borehole can be enhanced, the risk of coal seam collapse and block falling can be reduced, and the time for gas extraction to reach the effective radius can be shortened, providing technical support for safe production in coal mines. In addition, the equipment is also suitable for large-diameter drilling needs in emergency rescue channel drilling and geological exploration.

[0003] When drilling and reaming with existing technology, the common hard structure strata in coal mines, such as dense sandstone, conglomerate or calcified soil, will significantly increase the wear rate of the drill bit's toothed disc. In particular, the continuous friction between the toothed disc and the hard rock during high-torque drilling causes the cutting tool to become blunt or even break. Due to the closed drilling environment and the dust in the coal mine obscuring the vision, it is difficult for operators to observe the wear status of the toothed disc in real time. The failure of the toothed disc is often discovered only when the drilling resistance increases abnormally or the drilling quality decreases. Replacing the toothed disc requires removing the drill bit from the underground drill string and returning it to the factory for repair. This process involves multiple processes such as pulling out the drill, disassembly, transportation and reassembly, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also interrupts the construction progress, resulting in a significant decrease in overall operation efficiency. In addition, the frequent replacement of the toothed disc and maintenance costs further limit the continuity and economy of the reaming operation.

[0004] The patent publication number CN119801401A discloses a coal mine directional hole expansion drilling device, including a traveling crawler, a base is fixedly installed on the upper side of the traveling crawler, a drilling assembly is fixedly installed on the upper side of the base, a platform is slidably installed on the upper side of the drilling assembly, a mounting plate is fixedly installed on the upper side of the platform, a driving hole is opened on one side of the mounting plate, and a rotating assembly is rotatably installed in the driving hole; the present invention drives the drill bit to flip through the reverse rotation of the hole expansion motor, and when the driving frame flips, the corresponding driving rod drives the corresponding driving frame to move, loosening the rock chips, mud, sand and other debris stuck in the drill bit, shaking them away, and causing the stuck parts to move slightly, assisting in pulling out the stuck drill part, so that it can work again, avoiding manual auxiliary knocking, enhancing the knocking vibration efficiency when the drill is stuck, facilitating the rapid pulling out of the drill bit, and improving construction efficiency.

[0005] In the prior art, the drill bit is flipped by rotating the reaming motor in the opposite direction. When the drive frame is flipping, the corresponding drive rod drives the corresponding drive frame to move to reduce the probability of drill sticking. The radius of the reaming hole is flexibly and adaptively adjusted by moving multiple reaming plates closer to or farther away from each other. However, since there are often areas where rocks and coal are mixed during the reaming and drilling process, the toothed disc wears quickly, resulting in reduced reaming or drilling efficiency, and the worn toothed disc cannot be quickly replaced, reducing work efficiency. Therefore, there is a need for a device that can quickly repair or replace the toothed disc without withdrawing the entire drill bit, and can flexibly adjust the inner diameter of the reaming hole according to operational requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a directional drilling and reaming device is proposed.

[0007] The present application provides a directional drilling and reaming device, comprising a traveling device, and further comprising a working feed assembly fixedly connected to the traveling device; a sleeve assembly rotatably connected to the working feed assembly; a drill housing assembly fixedly connected to the sleeve assembly; a translation and rotation assembly fixedly connected to the drill housing assembly; a top tooth assembly slidably connected to the translation and rotation assembly; and an extension tooth assembly fixedly connected to the sleeve assembly. The top tooth assembly is slidably connected in the drill bit housing assembly; the extended tooth assembly is slidably connected in the drill bit housing assembly or slidably connected in the sleeve assembly; the sleeve assembly, the drill bit housing assembly, the translation and rotation assembly, the top tooth assembly and the extended tooth assembly have the same rotation speed and direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the working feed assembly includes a mobile platform fixedly connected to the walking device, a linear rail fixedly connected to the mobile platform, a fixed end fixedly connected to the mobile platform, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the fixed end, a moving end slidably connected to the linear rail, a scale fixedly connected to the moving end, a motor fixedly connected to the moving end, a transmission device rotatably connected to the motor, and a collecting bucket fixedly connected to the mobile platform.

[0009] Furthermore, the sleeve assembly includes a drilling sleeve rotatably connected to the fixed end, a dust removal groove opened on the drilling sleeve, a flange fixedly connected to the end of the drilling sleeve, a power sleeve fixedly connected to the flange, a pulley fixedly connected to the power sleeve, a locking groove block fixedly connected to the power sleeve, a chuck slidably connected in the locking groove block, a control sleeve fixedly connected to the chuck, a pulling plate fixedly connected to one end of the control sleeve, and a control end fixedly connected to the other end of the control sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the sleeve assembly includes a triangular shaft slidably connected to the inside of the control sleeve, an equalizing disk fixedly connected to the end of the triangular shaft, a pulling groove opened on the equalizing disk, a pulling shaft rotatably connected in the pulling groove, an elastic member fixedly connected to the pulling shaft, a limiting disk fixedly connected to the elastic member, a pulling ring fixedly connected to the limiting disk, an extending shaft fixedly connected to the equalizing disk, and a pointer rotatably connected to the extending shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the drill bit housing assembly includes an outer ring fixedly connected to the end of the drilling sleeve, an outer expansion groove opened on the outer ring, a spiral drill bit fixedly connected to the outer ring, spiral teeth fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit, a square plate fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit, a special-shaped plate fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit, and a triangular sleeve fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit.

[0012] Furthermore, the translation and rotation assembly includes a translation plate fixedly connected to the outer ring, a horseshoe block fixedly connected to the translation plate, a slide groove opened on the horseshoe block, a rotation groove opened on the horseshoe block, a rod seat fixedly connected to the outer ring, a middle seat rotatably connected to the rod seat, and a sliding rod fixedly connected to the middle seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the top gear assembly includes a protrusion fixedly connected to the triangular shaft, a protrusion slidably connected to the slide groove, a wedge fixedly connected to the protrusion, a slide rail fixedly connected to the wedge, a slider slidably connected to the slide rod, a limiting tooth fixedly connected to the wedge, a disc seat fixedly connected to the wedge, a right-angle groove provided on the disc seat, a top groove provided on the disc seat, and an ejection fixing member slidably connected to the top groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the top tooth assembly includes a pull plate fixedly connected to the wedge block, a tension spring fixedly connected to the pull plate, an intermediate block fixedly connected to the tension spring, a push spring fixedly connected to the intermediate block, a push plate fixedly connected to the push spring, and a base block fixedly connected to the intermediate block.

[0015] Furthermore, the extending tooth assembly includes a swivel seat fixedly connected to the control end, a swivel block fixedly connected to the swivel seat, an extending arm fixedly connected to the swivel block, a top spring fixedly connected to the extending arm, a limiting arm fixedly connected to the control end, a telescopic rod fixedly connected to the swivel block, a retraction spring slidably connected in the telescopic rod, a limiting crossbar fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod, a mounting column fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod, an action spring fixedly connected to the mounting column, a tooth seat fixedly connected to the end of the action spring, a limiting protrusion fixedly connected to the tooth seat, a drill tooth fixedly connected to the tooth seat, a mounting through hole provided on the tooth seat, and a mounting groove provided on the tooth seat.

[0016] Furthermore, the motor moves synchronously with the moving end, the pointer points vertically downward to the scale, the grooves are distributed circumferentially on the dividing disk, and there are several of them. The special-shaped plate and the square plate are fixedly connected to the outer ring, and the base block is fixedly connected to the triangular sleeve.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The tooth assembly is extended through the control sleeve. Before operation, the control sleeve is pushed in along the triangular axis, and the drill teeth are finally pushed out of the expanded groove. At the same time, when the drill teeth need to be checked or replaced, the control sleeve can be pulled out to replace or check the drill teeth without withdrawing the entire drilling sleeve. This reduces the risk of angle deviation and time waste caused by withdrawing and reinserting the drilling sleeve, improves work efficiency, shortens construction period, and improves drilling quality.

[0018] 2. Through the coordination of structures such as the dividing disk, the pull shaft and the elastic part, the protrusion always supports the wedge block, and the wedge block always supports the drill tooth under multiple forces. When the top of the drill tooth is worn, the remaining part of the drill tooth can be quickly pushed out, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the drill tooth and the inner diameter of the drill hole being adaptive, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the drilling and reaming work. At the same time, the wear of the drill tooth can be intuitively displayed through the scale indication of the pointer and the ruler, which facilitates the technical personnel to respond quickly when the drill tooth is severely worn, and replace the drill tooth or re-plan the plan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from a first viewing angle; Figure 2 It is an incomplete exploded view of the present invention; Figure 3 An exploded view of the working assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of a sleeve assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 An exploded view of the sleeve assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Another perspective of the picture; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional view of a drill housing assembly of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the outer ring and the spiral drill bit being separated according to the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the spiral drill bit of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Another perspective of the picture; Figure 12This is an isolated view of the drill housing assembly of the present invention; Figure 13 It is an assembly diagram of the translation and rotation assembly, the top gear assembly and the extension gear assembly of the present invention; Figure 14 An exploded view of the translation and rotation assembly, the top gear assembly, and the extension gear assembly of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of the translation and rotation assembly of the present invention; Figure 16 for Figure 15 Another perspective of the picture; Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the top gear assembly of the present invention; Figure 18 for Figure 17 Another perspective of the picture; Figure 19 for Figure 18 Enlarged view of part B; Figure 20 for Figure 18 Enlarged view of part C in the middle; Figure 21 This is a structural diagram of the protruding tooth assembly of the present invention; Figure 22 for Figure 21 Another perspective of the picture; Figure 23 for Figure 22 Enlarged view of part D in the middle.

[0020] Figure: 1. Traveling device; 2. Feed assembly; 21. Moving platform; 22. Linear rail; 23. Fixed end; 24. Hydraulic cylinder; 25. Moving end; 26. Scale; 27. Motor; 28. Transmission; 29. ​​Collecting bucket; 3. Sleeve assembly; 31. Drilling sleeve; 32. Dust discharge chute; 33. Flange; 34. Power sleeve; 35. Pulley; 36. Clamping slot block; 37. Chuck; 38. Control sleeve ; 39, pull plate; 310, control end; 311, triangular shaft; 312, equalizing plate; 313, pull groove; 314, pull shaft; 315, elastic member; 316, limit plate; 317, pull ring; 318, extension shaft; 319, pointer; 4, drill bit housing assembly; 41, outer ring; 42, outer expansion groove; 43, spiral drill bit; 44, spiral teeth; 45, square plate; 46, special-shaped plate; 47, triangular sleeve; 5, Translation and rotation assembly; 51, translation plate; 52, horseshoe block; 53, slide; 54, rotation groove; 55, rod seat; 56, middle seat; 57, slide bar; 6, top gear assembly; 61, protrusion; 62, protruding shaft; 63, wedge block; 64, slide rail; 65, slider; 66, limit gear; 67, disk seat; 68, right-angle groove; 69, top groove; 610, ejector fixture; 611, pull plate; 612, tension spring; 613, Middle block; 614, push spring; 615, push plate; 616, base block; 7, extending tooth assembly; 71, swivel seat; 72, swivel block; 73, extending arm; 74, top spring; 75, limit arm; 76, telescopic rod; 77, retraction spring; 78, limit cross bar; 79, mounting column; 710, action spring; 711, tooth seat; 712, limit protrusion; 713, drill tooth; 714, mounting through hole; 715, mounting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-3 , provides a directional drilling and reaming device, including a traveling device 1, and also including a working feed assembly 2, which is fixedly connected to the traveling device 1; a sleeve assembly 3, which is rotatably connected to the working feed assembly 2; a drill housing assembly 4, which is fixedly connected to the sleeve assembly 3; a translation and rotation assembly 5, which is fixedly connected to the drill housing assembly 4; a top tooth assembly 6, which is slidably connected to the translation and rotation assembly 5; and a protruding tooth assembly 7, which is fixedly connected to the sleeve assembly 3; The top tooth assembly 6 is slidably connected in the drill bit housing assembly 4; the extended tooth assembly 7 is slidably connected in the drill bit housing assembly 4 or slidably connected in the sleeve assembly 3; the sleeve assembly 3, the drill bit housing assembly 4, the translation and rotation assembly 5, the top tooth assembly 6 and the extended tooth assembly 7 have the same rotation speed and direction.

[0023] The working feed assembly 2 includes a moving platform 21 fixedly connected to the walking device 1, a linear rail 22 fixedly connected to the moving platform 21, a fixed end 23 fixedly connected to the moving platform 21, a hydraulic cylinder 24 fixedly connected to the fixed end 23, a moving end 25 slidably connected to the linear rail 22, a scale 26 fixedly connected to the moving end 25, a motor 27 fixedly connected to the moving end 25, a transmission device 28 rotatably connected to the motor 27, and a collecting bucket 29 fixedly connected to the moving platform 21.

[0024] Specifically, the drill teeth 713 of a traditional drilling and reaming device are usually fixed structures. The drill teeth 713 are installed before construction, and then construction begins. When a problem occurs with the drill teeth 713, the entire device needs to be withdrawn from the drilled hole and then inspected. At the same time, since the distance between the drill teeth 713 and the axis is fixed, the inner diameter of the drilled hole is also a fixed value and cannot be flexibly adjusted, which reduces construction efficiency.

[0025] In the working feed assembly 2, the movable platform 21 is fixedly connected to the walking device 1, and the linear rail 22 is fixedly installed on the movable platform 21. The fixed end 23 is supported by the hydraulic cylinder 24, and the movable end 25 is controlled to move forward or backward, so as to push the sleeve assembly 3 forward or backward, and the drilled dust is collected or discharged through the collection bucket 29.

[0026] Reference Figure 4-7 The sleeve assembly 3 includes a drilling sleeve 31 rotatably connected to the fixed end 23, a dust removal groove 32 opened on the drilling sleeve 31, a flange 33 fixedly connected to the end of the drilling sleeve 31, a power sleeve 34 fixedly connected to the flange 33, a pulley 35 fixedly connected to the power sleeve 34, a locking groove block 36 fixedly connected to the power sleeve 34, a chuck 37 slidably connected in the locking groove block 36, a control sleeve 38 fixedly connected to the chuck 37, a pulling plate 39 fixedly connected to one end of the control sleeve 38, and a control end 310 fixedly connected to the other end of the control sleeve 38.

[0027] The sleeve assembly 3 includes a triangular shaft 311 slidingly connected to the inside of the control sleeve 38, an equalizing disk 312 fixedly connected to the end of the triangular shaft 311, a pull groove 313 opened on the equalizing disk 312, a pull shaft 314 rotatably connected in the pull groove 313, an elastic member 315 fixedly connected to the pull shaft 314, a limit disk 316 fixedly connected to the elastic member 315, a pull ring 317 fixedly connected to the limit disk 316, an extending shaft 318 fixedly connected to the equalizing disk 312, and a pointer 319 rotatably connected to the extending shaft 318.

[0028] Specifically, the sleeve assembly 3 is rotatably connected to the movable end 25, wherein the drilling sleeve 31 is slidably and rotatably connected to the fixed end 23, and the power sleeve 34 is rotatably connected to the movable end 25. The power sleeve 34 and the drilling sleeve 31 are fixedly connected by a flange 33. The position of the dust discharge groove 32 corresponds to the position of the collecting bucket 29, so that the drilled dust can be discharged. The pulley 35 on the power sleeve 34 is connected to the transmission device 28, and power is provided by the motor 27.

[0029] The engaging groove block 36 on the power sleeve 34 can be engaged with the chuck 37 to drive the chuck 37 to move, and the chuck 37 drives the control sleeve 38 to move, so that the drilling sleeve 31 and the control sleeve 38 move at the same speed and in the same direction. The interior of the control sleeve 38 is a triangular prism-shaped cavity, which has the same shape as the triangular shaft 311, so it can be slidably connected to the triangular shaft 311; the equalizing disk 312 of the triangular shaft 311 is circumferentially provided with six pulling grooves 313, and the fastening device composed of the pulling shaft 314, the elastic member 315, the pulling ring 317 and the limiting disk 316 is circumferentially arranged on the equalizing disk 312 and is connected to the pulling ring 317. Corresponding to the groove 313, the fastening device gives the equalizing disk 312 a force to move closer to the pulling disk 39, so that the triangular shaft 311 is always subjected to a force toward the drill housing assembly 4; the extending shaft 318 is fixedly connected to the triangular shaft 311, and the pointer 319 is rotatably connected to the extending shaft 318. Due to the gravity of the pointer 319 itself, the pointer 319 always points vertically downward and points to the scale 26. Therefore, the movement distance of the triangular shaft 311 toward the drill housing assembly 4 can be reflected in the relative position of the pointer 319 and the scale 26; the equalizing disk 312 can be removed to facilitate the installation of the control sleeve 38.

[0030] Reference Figure 8-16 The drill bit housing assembly 4 includes an outer ring 41 fixedly connected to the end of the drilling sleeve 31, an outward expansion groove 42 opened on the outer ring 41, a spiral drill bit 43 fixedly connected to the outer ring 41, spiral teeth 44 fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit 43, a square plate 45 fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit 43, a special-shaped plate 46 fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit 43, and a triangular sleeve 47 fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit 43.

[0031] The translation and rotation assembly 5 includes a translation plate 51 fixedly connected to the outer ring 41, a horseshoe block 52 fixedly connected to the translation plate 51, a slide groove 53 provided on the horseshoe block 52, a rotation groove 54 provided on the horseshoe block 52, a rod seat 55 fixedly connected to the outer ring 41, a middle seat 56 rotatably connected to the rod seat 55, and a sliding rod 57 fixedly connected to the middle seat 56.

[0032] Specifically, the outer ring 41 is internally installed with a translation rotation assembly 5, a top tooth assembly 6 and an extension tooth assembly 7, wherein the outer ring 41 is fixedly connected to the power sleeve 34, and an outer expansion groove 42 is provided on the outer ring 41, and the outer expansion groove 42 allows the extension tooth assembly 7 to pass freely through the outer ring 41, and at the same time, the drilled dust can enter the drilling sleeve 31 through the outer expansion groove 42 and be discharged; the spiral teeth 44 on the spiral drill bit 43 are responsible for cutting the coal layer in front and expanding the hole, the square plate 45 and the special-shaped plate 46 are fixedly connected to the outer ring 41, and at the same time, the square plate 45 and the special-shaped plate 46 wrap the translation rotation assembly 5, the top tooth assembly 6 and the extension tooth assembly 7 It is clamped inside and limits its position; a square plate 45 and a special-shaped plate 46 form a group, and three groups are arranged circumferentially along the outer ring 41; the square plate 45 does not need to avoid radial interference with the translation and rotation assembly 5, the top tooth assembly 6 and the extension tooth assembly 7, but only needs to isolate the drilled coal or dust from the translation and rotation assembly 5, the top tooth assembly 6 and the extension tooth assembly 7, and limit them at the same time; the special-shaped plate 46 is fixedly connected to the outer ring 41, and needs to isolate part of the structure of the top tooth assembly 6 and the extension tooth assembly 7 from the drilled coal or dust, and at the same time cannot affect the movement of the extension tooth assembly, so a certain groove is required to ensure the function.

[0033] The translation plate 51 in the translation and rotation assembly 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer ring 41. The sliding groove 53 on the horseshoe block 52 allows the top gear assembly 6 to slide therein, and the rotating groove 54 allows the top gear assembly 6 to rotate therein. The rod seat 55 is fixedly connected to the outer ring 41, and the middle seat 56 can rotate on the rod seat 55, driving the slide rod 57 to swing.

[0034] Reference Figure 17-20 The top gear assembly 6 includes a protrusion 61 fixedly connected to the triangular shaft 311, a protrusion 62 slidably connected to the slide groove 53, a wedge 63 fixedly connected to the protrusion 62, a slide rail 64 fixedly connected to the wedge 63, a slider 65 slidably connected to the slide rod 57, a limiting tooth 66 fixedly connected to the wedge 63, a disk seat 67 fixedly connected to the wedge 63, a right-angle groove 68 provided on the disk seat 67, a top groove 69 provided on the disk seat 67, and an ejection fixing part 610 slidably connected to the top groove 69.

[0035] The top gear assembly 6 includes a pull plate 611 fixedly connected to the wedge block 63, a tension spring 612 fixedly connected to the pull plate 611, an intermediate block 613 fixedly connected to the tension spring 612, a push spring 614 fixedly connected to the intermediate block 613, a push plate 615 fixedly connected to the push spring 614, and a base block 616 fixedly connected to the intermediate block 613. Specifically, the protrusion 61 is fixedly connected to the triangular shaft 311. When the triangular shaft 311 is subjected to a force toward the outer ring 41, it is displaced, driving the protrusion 61 to support the inclined position of the wedge 63. The protruding shaft 62 and the sliding rail 64 are fixedly connected to the wedge 63. The protruding shaft 62 moves in the rotating groove 54 and the sliding groove 53. The sliding rod 57 is slidably connected to the slider 65, and the slider 65 is slidably connected in the sliding rail 64, so that the wedge 63 can be translated or rotated around the rotating groove 54 under the clamping of the square plate 45 and the special-shaped plate 46. The limiting tooth 66 limits the rotation amplitude of the wedge 63 when it rotates toward the protrusion 61.

[0036] The intermediate block 613 is fixedly connected to the triangular sleeve 47 via the base block 616. A tension spring 612 and a push spring 614 are fixedly connected to the intermediate block 613. The tension spring 612 pulls the pull plate 611, and the push spring 614 pushes the push plate 615, so that the wedge block 63 is always subjected to a deflection force toward the protrusion 61. Therefore, when the protrusion 61 supports the inclined position of the wedge block 63 under the movement of the triangular shaft 311, the wedge block 63 slides in the direction of the outward expansion groove 42, and the protrusion shaft 62 slides in the slide groove 53. When the drill teeth 713 need to be replaced, the dividing disk 312 is removed by the pull ring 317, and when the triangular shaft 311 is pulled, the protrusion 61 moves away from the spiral drill bit 43. At this time, under the action of the tension spring 612 and the push spring 614, the protruding shaft 62 moves toward the rotating groove 54, and the wedge block 63 gradually moves away from the outer expansion groove 42. When the protruding shaft 62 reaches the rotating groove 54, the wedge block 63 is deflected due to the force of the tension spring 612 and the push spring 614, and stops deflecting after the limiting tooth 66 touches the protrusion 61.

[0037] The wedge block 63 is fixedly connected to a disc seat 67 . The right-angle groove 68 on the disc seat 67 is used to limit the extended tooth assembly 7 . The top groove 69 and the ejection fixing piece 610 are used to fix and limit the extended tooth assembly 7 .

[0038] Reference Figure 21-23 The extending tooth assembly 7 includes a swivel seat 71 fixedly connected to the control end 310, a swivel block 72 fixedly connected to the swivel seat 71, an extending arm 73 fixedly connected to the swivel block 72, a top spring 74 fixedly connected to the extending arm 73, a limiting arm 75 fixedly connected to the control end 310, a telescopic rod 76 fixedly connected to the swivel block 72, a retraction spring 77 slidably connected in the telescopic rod 76, a limiting crossbar 78 fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod 76, a mounting column 79 fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod 76, an action spring 710 fixedly connected to the mounting column 79, a tooth seat 711 fixedly connected to the end of the action spring 710, a limiting protrusion 712 fixedly connected to the tooth seat 711, a drill tooth 713 fixedly connected to the tooth seat 711, a mounting through hole 714 provided on the tooth seat 711, and a mounting groove 715 provided on the tooth seat 711.

[0039] The motor 27 moves synchronously with the moving end 25, the pointer 319 points vertically downward to the scale 26, the grooves 313 are distributed circumferentially on the dividing plate 312, and there are several of them. The special-shaped plate 46 and the square plate 45 are fixedly connected to the outer ring 41, and the base block 616 is fixedly connected to the triangular sleeve 47 Specifically, the swivel seat 71 is fixedly mounted on the end of the control end 310, and the swivel block 72 can rotate at a limited angle on the swivel seat 71, and the rotation angle is controlled by the limit of the top spring 74 and the limit arm 75 and the extension arm 73; when drilling and reaming operations are required, before the operation, the drill tooth 713 is fixedly mounted on the tooth seat 711, and then the tooth seat 711 is released. Since the top spring 74 supports the limit arm 75, the swivel block 72 rotates toward the end of the control end 310, driving the telescopic rod 76 to swing toward the end of the control end 310, and then the telescopic rod 76 stays at a certain angle because the limit arm 75 blocks the movement of the extension arm 73.

[0040] The retraction spring 77 gives the telescopic rod 76 the force to retract inward. Therefore, under the action of the retraction spring 77, the telescopic rod 76 needs to overcome the tension of the retraction spring 77 if it wants to extend. The end of the telescopic rod 76 is fixedly installed with a mounting post 79, and an action spring 710 is fixedly installed on the mounting post 79. The action spring 710 provides a pulling force to make the tooth seat 711 swing toward the telescopic rod 76. Due to the interference of the limiting protrusion 712 and the limiting cross piece 78, the tooth seat 711 cannot be infinitely close to the telescopic rod 76. The tooth seat 711 is in a state of being moved between the action spring 710 and the limiting protrusion 712. Under the interference of the limiting crosspiece 78, a certain angle is maintained with the telescopic rod 76; the extended tooth assembly 7 and the top tooth assembly 6 are evenly distributed circumferentially at the control end 310, and the number is three; in the absence of external force, the three tooth seats 711 can all maintain a certain angle, and at the maximum opening angle, the diameter of the circumscribed circle is smaller than the inner diameter of the drilling sleeve 31 and the power sleeve 34. When it is necessary to install the control sleeve 38, the dividing plate 312 is removed, and then the control sleeve 38 is slidably sleeved on the triangular shaft 311, and then pushed inward; because at this time the wedge block 63 is in the tension spring 612 The tooth seat 711 slides into the disc seat 67 and is then blocked by the ejector fixture 610. At this time, the control sleeve 38 is pushed in with force, and the tooth seat 711 presses the ejector fixture 610 back into the top groove 69 and continues to move toward the slide rail 64. During this process, the angle between the telescopic rod 76 and the control end 310 gradually changes from an obtuse angle to a right angle until the control end 310 touches the square plate 45 and the special-shaped plate 46. At this time, the telescopic rod 76 is pushed into the disc seat 67 and is then blocked by the ejector fixture 610. The angle between the retracted rod 76 and the control end 310 becomes a right angle, and the angle between the tooth seat 711 and the telescopic rod 76 is not stable; then the equalizing disk 312 is installed, and the pull ring 317 is pulled to clamp the limit disk 316 on the pull disk 39. After all six limit disks 316 are installed, the protrusion 61 supports the wedge block 63, and the angle between the tooth seat 711 and the telescopic rod 76 becomes a right angle. At this time, under the action of the protrusion 61, the wedge block 63 moves outward to expand the groove 42 under the limitation of the square plate 45 and the special-shaped plate 46, and pushes the drill tooth 713 out of the outward expansion groove 42 to participate in the drilling and reaming operation.

[0041] When the drill teeth 713 need to be replaced, the force acting on the wedge block 63 always forces the wedge block 63 to have a tendency to deflect toward the protrusion 61. During the process of removing the dividing disk 312 and pulling out the control sleeve 38, the wedge block 63 first moves horizontally toward the triangular shaft 311. Then, when the control sleeve 38 is continued to be pulled, the protrusion 62 on the wedge block 63 moves into the rotating groove 54. At the same time, the wedge block 63 deflects. The deflection and the pulling of the control sleeve 38 are carried out simultaneously. When the tooth seat 711 completely leaves the disk seat 67, the limiting tooth 66 of the wedge block 63 is limited by the protrusion 61, and the disk seat 67 waits for the tooth seat 711 to appear next time.

[0042] During use, the tooth assembly 7 is extended by the control sleeve 38, and the control sleeve 38 is pushed in along the triangular axis 311 before operation, and the drill tooth 713 is finally pushed out of the outer expansion groove 42. At the same time, when it is necessary to check the drill tooth 713 or replace the drill tooth 713, the drill tooth 713 can be replaced or checked by pulling out the control sleeve 38, without withdrawing the entire drilling sleeve 31, reducing the risk of angle deviation and time waste caused by withdrawing the drilling sleeve 31 and reinserting it, thereby improving work efficiency, shortening construction period, and improving drilling quality.

[0043] Through the cooperation of the structures such as the dividing disk 312, the pull shaft 314 and the elastic member 315, the protrusion 61 always supports the wedge block 63, and the wedge block 63 always supports the drill tooth 713 under multiple forces. When the top of the drill tooth 713 is worn, the remaining part of the drill tooth 713 can be quickly pushed out, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the drill tooth 713 and the inner diameter of the adaptive drill hole, which is conducive to the smooth progress of the drilling and reaming work. At the same time, the wear of the drill tooth 713 can be intuitively displayed through the scale indication of the pointer 319 and the ruler 26, which is convenient for technicians to respond quickly when the drill tooth 713 is severely worn, and replace the drill tooth 713 or re-plan the plan.

[0044] Reference Figure 1-23 , the working principle of the present invention is as follows: Step 1: Before construction, remove the dividing disk 312, pull out the control sleeve 38, install the drill teeth 713 on the tooth seat 711, release the tooth seat 711, and wait until the tooth seat 711 and the telescopic rod 76 automatically move to a certain angle and stop moving. The three tooth seats 711 can all maintain a certain angle. Then, slide the control sleeve 38 onto the triangular shaft 311 and push it inward. The tooth seat 711 enters the disc seat 67 and is then blocked by the ejection fixing piece 610. At this time, push the control sleeve 38 in with force. The tooth seat 711 presses the ejection fixing piece 610 back into the top groove 69 and continues to move toward the slide rail 64. Finally, it moves to the control end 310 and touches the square plate 45 and the special-shaped plate 46. At this time, the angle between the telescopic rod 76 and the control end 310 becomes a right angle. Step 2: Then install the equalizing plate 312, and pull the pull ring 317 to clamp the limit plate 316 on the pull plate 39. After all six limit plates 316 are installed, the protrusion 61 supports the wedge block 63, and the angle between the tooth seat 711 and the telescopic rod 76 becomes a right angle. At this time, under the action of the protrusion 61, the wedge block 63 moves outward to expand the groove 42 under the limit of the square plate 45 and the special-shaped plate 46, and pushes the drill tooth 713 out of the expanded groove 42 to participate in the drilling and reaming operation; Step 3: When the drill teeth 713 need to be replaced, the force acting on the wedge block 63 always forces the wedge block 63 to have a tendency to deflect toward the protrusion 61. In the process of removing the equalizing disk 312 and pulling out the control sleeve 38, the wedge block 63 first moves horizontally toward the triangular shaft 311. Then, when the control sleeve 38 continues to be pulled, the protrusion 62 on the wedge block 63 moves into the rotating groove 54. At the same time, the wedge block 63 deflects. The deflection and the pulling of the control sleeve 38 are carried out simultaneously. When the tooth seat 711 completely leaves the disk seat 67, the limiting tooth 66 of the wedge block 63 is limited by the protrusion 61, and the disk seat 67 waits for the tooth seat 711 to appear next time. After the control sleeve 38 is completely pulled out, the technician checks the condition of the drill teeth 713, repairs or replaces it, and then repeats step 1.

[0045] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A directional drilling and reaming device, comprising a traveling device (1), characterized in that: The tool further comprises a work feed assembly (2) fixedly connected to the walking device (1); a sleeve assembly (3) rotatably connected to the work feed assembly (2); a drill housing assembly (4) fixedly connected to the sleeve assembly (3); a translation rotation assembly (5) fixedly connected to the drill housing assembly (4); a top tooth assembly (6) slidably connected to the translation rotation assembly (5); and a protruding tooth assembly (7) fixedly connected to the sleeve assembly (3). The top tooth assembly (6) is slidably connected in the drill housing assembly (4); the extended tooth assembly (7) is slidably connected in the drill housing assembly (4) or slidably connected in the sleeve assembly (3); the sleeve assembly (3), the drill housing assembly (4), the translation rotation assembly (5), the top tooth assembly (6) and the extended tooth assembly (7) have the same rotation speed and direction of rotation.

2. A directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working feed assembly (2) includes a moving platform (21) fixedly connected to the walking device (1), a linear rail (22) fixedly connected to the moving platform (21), a fixed end (23) fixedly connected to the moving platform (21), a hydraulic cylinder (24) fixedly connected to the fixed end (23), a moving end (25) slidably connected to the linear rail (22), a scale (26) fixedly connected to the moving end (25), a motor (27) fixedly connected to the moving end (25), a transmission device (28) rotatably connected to the motor (27), and a collecting bucket (29) fixedly connected to the moving platform (21).

3. A directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly (3) includes a drilling sleeve (31) rotatably connected to a fixed end (23), a dust removal groove (32) provided on the drilling sleeve (31), a flange (33) fixedly connected to the end of the drilling sleeve (31), a power sleeve (34) fixedly connected to the flange (33), a pulley (35) fixedly connected to the power sleeve (34), a snap-fitting groove block (36) fixedly connected to the power sleeve (34), a chuck (37) slidably connected in the snap-fitting groove block (36), a control sleeve (38) fixedly connected to the chuck (37), a pull plate (39) fixedly connected to one end of the control sleeve (38), and a control end (310) fixedly connected to the other end of the control sleeve (38).

4. A directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly (3) includes a triangular shaft (311) slidably connected to the inside of the control sleeve (38), an equalizing disk (312) fixedly connected to the end of the triangular shaft (311), a drawing groove (313) provided on the equalizing disk (312), a drawing shaft (314) rotatably connected to the drawing groove (313), an elastic member (315) fixedly connected to the drawing shaft (314), a limiting disk (316) fixedly connected to the elastic member (315), a pull ring (317) fixedly connected to the limiting disk (316), an extension shaft (318) fixedly connected to the equalizing disk (312), and a pointer (319) rotatably connected to the extension shaft (318).

5. The directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drill housing assembly (4) comprises an outer ring (41) fixedly connected to the end of a drilling sleeve (31), an outward expansion groove (42) provided on the outer ring (41), a spiral drill bit (43) fixedly connected to the outer ring (41), spiral teeth (44) fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit (43), a square plate (45) fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit (43), a special-shaped plate (46) fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit (43), and a triangular sleeve (47) fixedly connected to the spiral drill bit (43).

6. The directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The translation and rotation assembly (5) includes a translation plate (51) fixedly connected to the outer ring (41), a horseshoe block (52) fixedly connected to the translation plate (51), a slide groove (53) provided on the horseshoe block (52), a rotation groove (54) provided on the horseshoe block (52), a rod seat (55) fixedly connected to the outer ring (41), a middle seat (56) rotatably connected to the rod seat (55), and a slide rod (57) fixedly connected to the middle seat (56).

7. The directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top gear assembly (6) includes a protrusion (61) fixedly connected to the triangular shaft (311), a protrusion (62) slidably connected to the slide groove (53), a wedge (63) fixedly connected to the protrusion (62), a slide rail (64) fixedly connected to the wedge (63), a slider (65) slidably connected to the slide rod (57), a limit tooth (66) fixedly connected to the wedge (63), a disc seat (67) fixedly connected to the wedge (63), a right-angle groove (68) provided on the disc seat (67), a top groove (69) provided on the disc seat (67), and an ejection fixing member (610) slidably connected to the top groove (69).

8. The directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top tooth assembly (6) includes a pull plate (611) fixedly connected to the wedge block (63), a tension spring (612) fixedly connected to the pull plate (611), an intermediate block (613) fixedly connected to the tension spring (612), a push spring (614) fixedly connected to the intermediate block (613), a push plate (615) fixedly connected to the push spring (614), and a base block (616) fixedly connected to the intermediate block (613).

9. The directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extending tooth assembly (7) includes a rotating seat (71) fixedly connected to the control end (310), a rotating block (72) fixedly connected to the rotating seat (71), an extending arm (73) fixedly connected to the rotating block (72), a top spring (74) fixedly connected to the extending arm (73), a limiting arm (75) fixedly connected to the control end (310), a telescopic rod (76) fixedly connected to the rotating block (72), a retraction spring (77) slidably connected in the telescopic rod (76), a support spring (78) fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (73), and a support spring (79) fixedly connected to the telescopic rod (73). 6) a limiting crossbar (78) at the end, a mounting post (79) fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod (76), an action spring (710) fixedly connected to the mounting post (79), a tooth seat (711) fixedly connected to the end of the action spring (710), a limiting protrusion (712) fixedly connected to the tooth seat (711), a drill tooth (713) fixedly connected to the tooth seat (711), a mounting through hole (714) provided on the tooth seat (711), and a mounting groove (715) provided on the tooth seat (711).

10. The directional drilling and reaming device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The motor (27) moves synchronously with the moving end (25), the pointer (319) points vertically downward to the scale (26), the grooves (313) are distributed circumferentially on the dividing plate (312), and the number is several. The special-shaped plate (46) and the square plate (45) are fixedly connected to the outer ring (41), and the base block (616) is fixedly connected to the triangular sleeve (47).

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