A staggered power converter design method and apparatus based on gallium nitride devices

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power converter technology and discloses an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices. The device includes a power converter body with multiple sets of connectors on its surface. An auxiliary device is also provided on the surface of the power converter body, including side plates located on both sides of the power converter body. In this invention, by providing the auxiliary device, in the non-heat dissipation state, a reset spring drives a shielding ring to reset, sealing the through-hole and preventing dust intrusion. The miniature hollow tube and filter screen form a micro-ventilation channel, allowing air to circulate slowly inside the device, reducing localized heat accumulation in a sealed environment and mitigating the problems of large diameter, dust-prone, and small diameter, poor heat dissipation associated with traditional fixed heat dissipation holes. During heat dissipation, a drive component moves a control component, squeezing multiple sets of moving plates. These moving plates move the miniature hollow tube and shielding ring, causing the through-hole to fold, enabling rapid exhaust operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power converter technology, specifically to a design method and apparatus for an interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride devices. Background Technology

[0002] The interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride (GaN) devices is a device that uses wide-bandgap semiconductor GaN devices as switching transistors and achieves power conversion through a multi-phase circuit interleaved parallel topology. Its core is to utilize the high-frequency and low-loss characteristics of GaN devices to connect multiple identical power conversion units in parallel with a specific phase difference, thereby doubling the input and output current ripple frequency and reducing the size of filter components. This structure combines the high-frequency advantages of GaN devices with the current-sharing characteristics of interleaved topologies, which can improve power density while reducing switching losses. It is suitable for scenarios with stringent requirements for efficiency and size, such as new energy vehicles and data centers, and is an important technical direction for high-frequency and lightweight development in the current power electronics field.

[0003] In existing gallium nitride-based interleaved power converters, most rely on fans and ventilation holes for heat dissipation. While dustproof components are typically installed on the fans, the ventilation holes are usually unprotected. When the ventilation holes are large, dust can easily enter the device, affecting its lifespan. When the ventilation holes are small, they can block dust to some extent, but this reduces the exhaust speed. As a result, hot air cannot be expelled in time, leading to heat accumulation, increased internal temperature, and ultimately, compromised heat dissipation.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a design method and device for an interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a design method and apparatus for an interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride devices. This solves the problem that when the heat dissipation holes of existing devices are large, dust can easily enter the device through the heat dissipation holes, affecting its lifespan. When the heat dissipation holes are small, they can block dust from entering to a certain extent, but this will affect the exhaust speed.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices, comprising a power converter body, wherein the surface of the power converter body is provided with multiple sets of connectors for connection, the surface of the power converter body is provided with an auxiliary device, the auxiliary device including side plates located on both sides of the power converter body, a positioning plate fixedly connected to the surface of the side plates, both the side plates and the positioning plate being inserted into the inner wall of the power converter body, a screw being provided on the positioning plate and fixedly installed by the screw, and a control module being installed on the inner wall of the power converter body;

[0009] The side plate has multiple through holes on its surface. Multiple sets of movable plates are slidably connected to the inner wall of the side plate. Multiple sets of miniature hollow tubes are fixedly connected to the surface of the movable plates. The miniature hollow tubes pass through the through holes and are fixedly connected to a shielding ring at one end. A filter screen is fixedly connected inside the miniature hollow tube. A return spring is sleeved on the surface of the movable plate. The two ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the movable plate and the side plate, respectively. A slide rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the power converter body, and a control component is slidably connected to its surface. A drive assembly for driving the movement of the control component is provided on the inner wall of the power converter body. A dustproof part is provided on one side of the power converter body.

[0010] Preferably, the control module includes an acquisition auxiliary module, a compensation algorithm auxiliary module, a signal processing and synthesis auxiliary module, and a PWM generation and driving auxiliary module.

[0011] Preferably, the dustproof part includes a dust cover located on one side of the cooling fan. Multiple sets of screws are inserted into the inner wall of the dust cover. The screws are threadedly connected to the inner wall of the power converter body. Through the above components, the dust cover can be installed on the surface of the power converter body by means of the screws to prevent dust from entering the air blown in by the cooling fan.

[0012] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a motor mounted on the surface of the power converter body. A transmission screw is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the power converter body. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the transmission screw. The transmission screw is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the control component. Through the above components, during the driving process, the motor can be turned on, and the motor can drive the transmission screw to rotate. The transmission screw can control the control component to move in the slide bar. When the control component moves, it can squeeze multiple sets of moving plates. When the moving plates move, they drive the miniature hollow tube to move. At this time, the shielding ring loses its shielding of the through hole, and a rapid exhaust and heat dissipation operation can be performed.

[0013] Preferably, the control component includes a movable frame and two extrusion plates, the two extrusion plates being fixed to the surface of the movable frame and arranged at an angle.

[0014] Preferably, the movable plate includes a plate body and rollers. The rollers are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the plate body. Through the above-mentioned components, when the control component is pressed against the movable plate, the rollers can contact the control component, thereby reducing the friction between the two.

[0015] A power converter design method for an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Real-time acquisition of the output current signal and at least one disturbance variable signal of the power converter body through the acquisition auxiliary module. The disturbance variable signal includes at least one of the following: voltage signal, load impedance signal, or gallium nitride device parasitic parameter signal.

[0017] Step 2: Based on the preset compensation algorithm auxiliary module, the current compensation amount is calculated according to the output current signal and the disturbance variable signal. The compensation algorithm auxiliary module includes at least one of the following: feedforward compensation submodule, feedback compensation submodule, and parasitic parameter compensation submodule.

[0018] Step 3: The current compensation amount is superimposed on the current command signal through the signal processing and synthesis auxiliary module to generate the corrected target current signal;

[0019] Step 4: The PWM generation and driving auxiliary module generates a pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal based on the corrected target current signal to control the switching state of the gallium nitride device.

[0020] Preferably, the data acquisition auxiliary module includes:

[0021] Output current signal: The output current signal is acquired by a high-precision current sensor. The sampling frequency must satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem to ensure that the signal is not distorted.

[0022] Voltage signal: Input voltage and output voltage are acquired through a voltage sensor. The input voltage is used for feedforward compensation to proactively address the impact of input voltage fluctuations on the system.

[0023] Load impedance signal: obtained by measuring the output voltage and output current, using Ohm's law. Calculate the load, where For load, For output voltage, For output current;

[0024] Parasitic parameter signals of gallium nitride devices: Parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance parameters are estimated online using the small signal injection method or the model reference adaptive method.

[0025] Preferably, the feedforward compensation submodule: feedforward compensation is used to offset the impact of input voltage fluctuations on the output current, and the compensation amount is pre-calculated based on the changes in input voltage;

[0026] The transfer function of the converter is The feedforward compensation coefficient is Then the amount of compensation The calculation formula is: ,in Input voltage, The rated input voltage, Reference current;

[0027] Feedback compensation submodule: Feedback compensation adjusts the output current based on the deviation between the output current and the reference current, employing a classic PID control algorithm. Let the output current be... With reference current The deviation is The proportionality coefficient is The integral coefficient is The differential coefficient is Then the feedback compensation amount The calculation formula is:

[0028] ;in It is a deviation The integral operation accumulates the deviation over a period of time, demonstrating the role of the integral element in eliminating steady-state error. It's a deviation. The rate of change, i.e. how fast the deviation changes over time, is used in the differential element to predict the trend of the deviation.

[0029] Parasitic parameter compensation submodule: Considering the impact of changes in parasitic parameters of gallium nitride devices on current, a relationship model between parasitic parameters and current deviation is established, assuming the change in parasitic capacitance is... The parasitic parameter compensation coefficient is Then the parasitic parameter compensation amount The technical formula is:

[0030] ;in This represents the rate of change of the drain-source voltage of the device.

[0031] In summary, current compensation amount for: .

[0032] Preferably, the signal processing and synthesis auxiliary module will compensate for the current amount. Superimposed on the current command signal Generate the corrected target current signal The calculation formula is: ;

[0033] The PWM generation and driving auxiliary module generates a driving signal based on the corrected target current signal using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology. This signal controls the switching state of the gallium nitride (GaN) device. The target current signal is compared with a high-frequency triangular carrier signal. When the target current is greater than the triangular carrier signal, a high-level output is generated, driving the GaN device to conduct; conversely, a low-level output is generated, turning off the device. By setting the magnitude of the target current, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is changed, thereby controlling the output current of the converter.

[0034] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. In this invention, by setting an auxiliary device, in the non-heat dissipation state, the reset spring drives the shielding ring to reset, sealing the through hole and preventing dust from entering. The micro hollow tube and the filter screen form a micro ventilation channel, and the air inside the equipment can still circulate slowly, reducing the local heat accumulation in the closed environment and reducing the phenomenon that the traditional fixed heat dissipation hole has a large diameter that is easy to get dust in and a small diameter that has poor heat dissipation. When dissipating heat, the drive component drives the control component to move, squeezing multiple sets of moving plates. The moving plates drive the micro hollow tube and the shielding ring to move, losing the folding of the through hole, which can realize the rapid exhaust operation.

[0036] 2. In the initial stage of heat dissipation, the shielding ring does not move. When the airflow passes through the micro hollow tube, the high-speed airflow can wash away the dust on the surface of the filter screen, reducing the frequency of manual cleaning.

[0037] 3. In this invention, the control module accurately acquires signals such as current, voltage, and parasitic parameters of gallium nitride devices through the acquisition auxiliary module. The compensation algorithm auxiliary module integrates feedforward, feedback, and parasitic parameter compensation to generate the current compensation amount. Then, the signal processing and synthesis auxiliary module superimposes it onto the current command to generate the target current. Finally, the PWM generation and driving auxiliary module controls the switching of gallium nitride devices. This achieves an efficiency improvement of over 93%, a 50% increase in dynamic response speed, a power density of 3kW / in³, a 40% reduction in filter component volume, a 67% reduction in current ripple, and a significantly enhanced anti-disturbance capability. At the same time, it adapts to high-frequency scenarios and reduces overall costs, comprehensively improving the performance and reliability of the power converter. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a side view of the interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3This is a partially exploded structural diagram of an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side plate structure of an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This invention relates to an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices. Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the auxiliary device of the interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride devices according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another part of the auxiliary device of the gallium nitride-based interleaved power converter device of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control unit of an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices according to the present invention.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Power converter body; 2. Connector; 3. Control module; 4. Auxiliary device; 41. Side plate; 42. Screw 1; 43. Positioning plate; 44. Through hole; 45. Moving plate; 451. Plate body; 452. Roller; 46. Miniature hollow tube; 47. Shielding ring; 48. Filter screen; 49. Return spring; 410. Control component; 4101. Moving frame; 4102. Extrusion plate; 411. Slide rod; 412. Transmission screw; 413. Screw 2; 414. Motor; 415. Cooling fan; 416. Dust cover. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 8The diagram shows an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices, including a power converter body 1. The surface of the power converter body 1 is provided with multiple sets of connectors 2 for connection. The surface of the power converter body 1 is provided with an auxiliary device 4. The auxiliary device 4 includes side plates 41 located on both sides of the power converter body 1. Positioning plates 43 are fixedly connected to the surface of the side plates 41. Both the side plates 41 and the positioning plates 43 are inserted into the inner wall of the power converter body 1. The positioning plates 43 are provided with screws 42, and the fixed installation is achieved by screws 42. A control module 3 is installed on the inner wall of the power converter body 1.

[0049] The side plate 41 has multiple through holes 44 on its surface. Multiple sets of movable plates 45 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the side plate 41. Multiple sets of miniature hollow tubes 46 are fixedly connected to the surface of the movable plates 45. Each miniature hollow tube 46 passes through the through holes 44 and has a shielding ring 47 fixedly connected to one end. A filter screen 48 is fixedly connected inside the miniature hollow tube 46. A return spring 49 is sleeved on the surface of the movable plates 45, with both ends of the return spring 49 fixedly connected to the surfaces of the movable plates 45 and the side plate 41, respectively. A slide rod 411 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the power converter body 1, and a control component 410 is slidably connected to its surface. The inner wall of the power converter body 1 is provided with a drive assembly for moving the control component 410. A dustproof part is provided on one side of the power converter body 1. The dustproof part includes a dust cover 416 located on the side of the cooling fan 415. Multiple sets of screws 413 are inserted into the inner wall of the dust cover 416. The screws 413 are threadedly connected to the inner wall of the power converter body 1. The drive assembly includes a motor 414 mounted on the surface of the power converter body 1. A transmission screw 412 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the power converter body 1. The output end of the motor 414 is fixedly connected to the transmission screw 412. The transmission screw 412 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the control component 410.

[0050] In this embodiment: During heat dissipation, the cooling fan 415 is turned on, blowing air into the power converter body 1. The gas is first discharged through the miniature hollow tube 46, during which the filter screen 48 can be cleaned. Then, the motor 414 is turned on, driving the transmission screw 412 to rotate. The transmission screw 412 controls the movement of the control component 410 within the slide bar 411. When the control component 410 moves, the pressing plate 4102 within it can press the rollers 452 on multiple sets of moving plates 45. Subsequently... When the movable plate 45 moves, it drives the miniature hollow tube 46 to move, and the return spring 49 is stressed. At this time, the shielding ring 47 loses its shielding of the through hole 44, and a rapid exhaust and heat dissipation operation can be performed. When heat dissipation is not needed, the motor 414 and the transmission screw 412 drive the control component 410 to reset. After the control component 410 resets, the return spring 49 immediately drives multiple movable plates 45 and shielding ring 47 to reset. The shielding ring 47 shields the through hole 44 to achieve the function of dust prevention. At the same time, the miniature hollow tube 46, together with the filter screen 48, can prevent the equipment from being completely sealed off and still allow for a small amount of ventilation.

[0051] The control module 3 includes an acquisition auxiliary module, a compensation algorithm auxiliary module, a signal processing and synthesis auxiliary module, and a PWM generation and driving auxiliary module.

[0052] The control component 410 includes a movable frame 4101 and two pressing plates 4102. The two pressing plates 4102 are fixed on the surface of the movable frame 4101 and are inclined.

[0053] The movable plate 45 includes a plate body 451 and a roller 452. The roller 452 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the plate body 451. When the control member 410 is pressed against the movable plate 45, the roller 452 can contact the control member 410, thereby reducing the friction between the two.

[0054] Working principle: During heat dissipation, the cooling fan 415 is turned on, blowing air into the power converter body 1. The air is first discharged through the miniature hollow tube 46, which cleans the filter screen 48. Then, the motor 414 is turned on, driving the transmission screw 412 to rotate. The transmission screw 412 controls the movement of the control component 410 within the slide rod 411. When the control component 410 moves, the pressing plate 4102 in the control component 410 presses the rollers 452 on multiple sets of moving plates 45, and then moves... When the moving plate 45 moves, it drives the miniature hollow tube 46 to move, and the return spring 49 is stressed. At this time, the shielding ring 47 loses its shielding of the through hole 44, and a rapid exhaust and heat dissipation operation can be performed. When heat dissipation is not needed, the motor 414 and the transmission screw 412 drive the control component 410 to reset. After the control component 410 resets, the return spring 49 immediately drives multiple moving plates 45 and shielding ring 47 to reset. The shielding ring 47 shields the through hole 44 to achieve the function of dust prevention. At the same time, the miniature hollow tube 46, together with the filter screen 48, can prevent the equipment from being completely sealed off and still allow for a small amount of ventilation.

[0055] A power converter design method for an interleaved power converter device based on gallium nitride devices includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Real-time acquisition of the output current signal of the power converter body and at least one disturbance variable signal through the acquisition auxiliary module. The disturbance variable signal includes at least one of the following: voltage signal, load impedance signal, or gallium nitride device parasitic parameter signal.

[0057] Step 2: Based on the preset compensation algorithm auxiliary module, the current compensation amount is calculated according to the output current signal and the disturbance variable signal. The compensation algorithm auxiliary module includes at least one of the feedforward compensation submodule, feedback compensation submodule and parasitic parameter compensation submodule.

[0058] Step 3: Through the signal processing and synthesis auxiliary module, the current compensation amount is superimposed on the current command signal to generate the corrected target current signal;

[0059] Step 4: The PWM generation and drive auxiliary module generates a pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal based on the corrected target current signal to control the switching state of the gallium nitride device.

[0060] Preferably, the data acquisition auxiliary module includes:

[0061] Output current signal: The output current signal is acquired by a high-precision current sensor. The sampling frequency must satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem to ensure that the signal is not distorted.

[0062] Voltage signal: Input voltage and output voltage are acquired through a voltage sensor. The input voltage is used for feedforward compensation to proactively address the impact of input voltage fluctuations on the system.

[0063] Load impedance signal: obtained by measuring the output voltage and output current, using Ohm's law. Calculate the load, where For load, For output voltage, For output current;

[0064] Parasitic parameter signals of gallium nitride devices: Parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance parameters are estimated online using the small signal injection method or the model reference adaptive method.

[0065] Among them, the feedforward compensation submodule: feedforward compensation is used to offset the impact of input voltage fluctuations on output current, and the compensation amount is calculated in advance based on the changes in input voltage;

[0066] The transfer function of the converter is The feedforward compensation coefficient is Then the amount of compensation The calculation formula is: ,in Input voltage, The rated input voltage, Reference current;

[0067] Feedback compensation submodule: Feedback compensation adjusts the output current based on the deviation between the output current and the reference current, employing a classic PID control algorithm. Let the output current be... With reference current The deviation is The proportionality coefficient is The integral coefficient is The differential coefficient is Then the feedback compensation amount The calculation formula is:

[0068] ;in It is a deviation The integral operation accumulates the deviation over a period of time, demonstrating the role of the integral element in eliminating steady-state error. It's a deviation. The rate of change, i.e. how fast the deviation changes over time, is used in the differential element to predict the trend of the deviation.

[0069] Parasitic parameter compensation submodule: Considering the impact of changes in parasitic parameters of gallium nitride devices on current, a relationship model between parasitic parameters and current deviation is established, assuming the change in parasitic capacitance is... The parasitic parameter compensation coefficient is Then the parasitic parameter compensation amount The technical formula is:

[0070] ;in This represents the rate of change of the drain-source voltage of the device.

[0071] In summary, current compensation amount for: .

[0072] Among them, the signal processing and synthesis auxiliary module will compensate for the current amount. Superimposed on the current command signal Generate the corrected target current signal The calculation formula is: ;

[0073] The PWM generation and driving auxiliary module generates a driving signal based on the corrected target current signal using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology. This signal controls the switching state of the gallium nitride (GaN) device. The target current signal is compared with a high-frequency triangular carrier signal. When the target current is greater than the triangular carrier signal, a high-level output is generated, driving the GaN device to conduct; conversely, a low-level output is generated, turning off the device. By setting the magnitude of the target current, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is changed, thereby controlling the output current of the converter.

[0074] Example 1

[0075] This embodiment provides a design method for an interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride devices, used to acquire the output current signal of the power converter body and at least one disturbance variable signal. Specific implementation details include:

[0076] Purpose of implementation: To monitor the operating status of the power converter in real time, collect key signals to support subsequent compensation calculations, and ensure the accuracy of the control algorithm.

[0077] hardware:

[0078] Integrated closed-loop Hall current sensor (LEM LTSR-NP series, accuracy ±0.5%, bandwidth >1MHz), TPS series voltage sensor, high-speed ADC (ADI AD7606, sampling rate 200kSPS) and digital signal processor (such as TI C2000 series DSP).

[0079] software:

[0080] Real-time execution of the Nyquist sampling algorithm (sampling frequency ≥ 2 times the switching frequency) and the small signal injection parameter identification algorithm;

[0081] Implementation results: Real-time acquisition of output current, voltage, load, and GaN parasitic parameters (such as Coss) provides a data foundation for compensation. The signal distortion rate is <0.1%, the online estimation error of parasitic parameters is <5%, and the system robustness is significantly improved.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] This embodiment provides a design method for an interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride devices. The method calculates the current compensation amount based on the output current signal and the disturbance variable signal using a preset compensation algorithm. Specific implementation details include:

[0084] Purpose: To offset the effects of input voltage fluctuations, load abrupt changes, and GaN parasitic parameter variations on the output current.

[0085] hardware:

[0086] High-performance DSP (TI TMS320F28379D), supporting floating-point operations;

[0087] Compensation algorithm logic:

[0088] Feedforward compensation is used to offset the impact of input voltage fluctuations on the output current. The compensation amount is pre-calculated based on the input voltage changes. Feedback compensation adjusts according to the deviation between the output current and the reference current, using a classic PID control algorithm to derive the feedback compensation amount. Considering the influence of gallium nitride device parasitic parameter changes on the current, a relationship model between parasitic parameters and current deviation is established to derive the parasitic parameter compensation amount. Finally, the current compensation amount can be calculated.

[0089] Implementation results: Dynamic response time <10μs, current ripple reduced by 40% (compared to the uncompensated scheme), and efficiency improved by 1.5%.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] This embodiment provides a design method for an interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride devices, used to generate a target current rating. Specific implementation details include:

[0092] Objective: To generate a target current signal that is resistant to disturbances.

[0093] hardware:

[0094] High-speed digital comparator (ADI AD8611) + FPGA logic unit.

[0095] Software Algorithm:

[0096] .

[0097] Implementation results: Command tracking error <0.5%, and resistance to input voltage disturbances improved by 60%.

[0098] Example 3

[0099] This embodiment provides a design method for an interleaved power converter based on gallium nitride (GaN) devices, used to convert GaN switching signals. Specific implementation details include:

[0100] Objective: To convert the target current signal into a precise GaN switching signal.

[0101] Modulation techniques:

[0102] Space Vector PWM (SVPWM), carrier frequency 500kHz-1MHz.

[0103] Implementation results: Switching losses reduced by 30%, EMI noise reduced by 20dB, and power density reached 3kW / in³.

[0104] Comparative Example 1

[0105] Example 1: An integrated closed-loop Hall current sensor (LEM LTSR-NP series, ±0.5% accuracy) and a TPS voltage sensor are used, along with a high-speed ADC (ADI AD7606, 200kSPS), to achieve distortion-free high-frequency signal acquisition based on the Nyquist sampling theorem; at the same time, the parasitic parameters of the gallium nitride device are estimated online through the small signal injection method to track changes in device characteristics in real time.

[0106] Comparative example: The Nyquist sampling theorem was not used, the sampling frequency was fixed at 10kHz, and no online estimation of parasitic parameters was performed (the nominal values ​​in the device datasheet were used directly). The distortion rate of the output current signal was >5%, the voltage sampling error caused the load impedance calculation deviation to exceed 10%, the parasitic capacitance of the gallium nitride device could not be tracked in real time when it changed, the parameter estimation error exceeded 30%, the system had poor anti-interference ability, and the current acquisition value fluctuated by 8% when the input voltage fluctuated by 10%.

[0107] Key difference: By using high-precision sensors and dynamic sampling algorithms, the signal distortion (distortion rate reduced from >5% to <0.1%) and parameter mismatch problems in traditional solutions are solved, providing accurate data for subsequent compensation.

[0108] Example 2: This method integrates feedforward compensation, PID feedback compensation, and parasitic parameter compensation. Floating-point operations are achieved using a high-performance DSP (TITMS320F28379D). Feedforward compensation preemptively offsets input voltage fluctuations, PID feedback suppresses current deviations, and parasitic parameter compensation addresses device loss issues.

[0109] Comparative approach: Only simplified PID feedback control is used (no differential element, ignoring parasitic parameters), relying on an 8-bit MCU (such as ATmega328P) for integer operations. It cannot compensate for input voltage fluctuations in advance, and changes in parasitic parameters lead to increased switching losses.

[0110] Key difference: Through a three-dimensional algorithm of "feedforward prediction + feedback fine-tuning + parasitic compensation", the current fluctuation when the input voltage drops sharply is reduced from 15% to 5%, and the recovery time is shortened from 10ms to 3ms; while the traditional solution is unable to cope with high-frequency disturbances and changes in device parameters due to the lag of single feedback control, resulting in significant efficiency loss.

[0111] Example 3: The feedforward, feedback, and parasitic compensation quantities are superimposed on the current command in real time through the FPGA logic unit to generate the corrected target current. It has strong anti-disturbance capability, command tracking error <0.5%, and current ripple peak-to-peak value reduced to 0.4A.

[0112] Comparative example: Using the original command directly without compensation, the command deviation reaches 10% under disturbance, the peak-to-peak current ripple is 1.2A, and the filter capacitor volume needs to be increased by 40%.

[0113] Key difference: Through a digital dynamic correction mechanism, it solves the problem of large deviation between the target current and the actual demand in traditional analog solutions, especially when the input voltage fluctuates or the load changes suddenly, the dynamic response speed is improved by more than 50%.

[0114] Example 4: Using gallium nitride devices with space vector SVPWM modulation technology, the switching frequency reaches 1MHz, the dead time is dynamically adjusted, the efficiency is over 93%, the power density is 3kW / in³, and the EMI noise is 20dB lower than that of traditional solutions.

[0115] Comparative example: Using silicon-based MOSFETs (such as IRF540N) with unipolar PWM modulation, the switching frequency is <100kHz, the dead time is fixed, the efficiency is 89%, the power density is only 1.5kW / in³, and an additional EMI filter circuit is required.

[0116] Key difference: By leveraging the high-frequency, low-loss characteristics of gallium nitride devices and SVPWM modulation technology, the frequency limitations of traditional silicon-based devices are broken, doubling the power density while reducing switching losses by 30%.

[0117] The four embodiments of the present invention, through the whole-link technology innovation of "precise acquisition - intelligent compensation - dynamic correction - high frequency drive", comprehensively surpass traditional solutions in terms of sensor accuracy, algorithm complexity, hardware performance and device selection. The core difference lies in the deep adaptation to the characteristics of gallium nitride devices, multi-dimensional disturbance suppression capability and adaptability to high frequency scenarios, ultimately achieving a significant improvement in efficiency, response speed and power density.

[0118] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that can control it.

[0119] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An interleaved power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices, comprising a power converter body (1), characterized by: The surface of the power converter body (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of connecting heads (2) for connection, the surface of the power converter body (1) is provided with an auxiliary device (4), the auxiliary device (4) includes side plates (41) located on both sides of the power converter body (1), the surface of the side plate (41) is fixedly connected with a positioning plate (43), the side plate (41) and the positioning plate (43) are inserted with the inner wall of the power converter body (1), a screw (42) is arranged on the positioning plate (43) and fixedly installed through the screw (42), and the inner wall of the power converter body (1) is provided with a control module (3); The control module (3) comprises an acquisition accessory module, a compensation algorithm accessory module, a signal processing and synthesis accessory module and a PWM generation and drive accessory module; A plurality of through holes (44) are formed in the surface of the side plate (41), a plurality of groups of moving plates (45) are slidably connected to the inner side of the inner wall of the side plate (41), a plurality of groups of micro hollow tubes (46) are fixedly connected to the surface of the moving plate (45), the micro hollow tubes (46) pass through the through holes (44) and are fixedly connected with a shielding ring (47) at one end, a filter screen (48) is fixedly connected to the inside of the micro hollow tube (46), a reset spring (49) is sleeved on the surface of the moving plate (45), and the two ends of the reset spring (49) are fixedly connected with the surface of the moving plate (45) and the side plate (41), respectively, a sliding rod (411) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the power converter body (1), and a control piece (410) is slidably connected to the surface of the power converter body (1), the inner wall of the power converter body (1) is provided with a driving assembly for driving the control piece (410) to move, and one side of the power converter body (1) is provided with a dustproof part.

2. The interleaved power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices of claim 1, wherein: The dustproof part comprises a dust cover (416) located on one side of the cooling fan (415), and a plurality of groups of screws (413) are inserted into the inner wall of the dust cover (416).

3. The interleaved power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices of claim 1, wherein: The driving assembly comprises a motor (414) installed on the surface of the power converter body (1), a transmission screw (412) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the power converter body (1), and the output end of the motor (414) is fixedly connected with the transmission screw (412), and the transmission screw (412) is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the control piece (410).

4. The interleaved power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices of claim 1, wherein: The control piece (410) comprises a moving frame (4101) and two extrusion plates (4102), the two extrusion plates (4102) are fixed on the surface of the moving frame (4101), and the extrusion plates (4102) are arranged obliquely.

5. The interleaved power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices of claim 1, wherein: The moving plate (45) comprises a plate body (451) and a roller (452), and the roller (452) is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the plate body (451).

6. The power converter design method of an interleaved power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices according to claim 1, wherein: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Collecting the output current signal and at least one perturbation variable signal of the power converter body in real time through the acquisition accessory module, wherein the perturbation variable signal includes at least one of a voltage signal, a load impedance signal or a gallium nitride device parasitic parameter signal; S2. Calculating the current compensation amount based on the output current signal and the perturbation variable signal according to the preset compensation algorithm accessory module, wherein the compensation algorithm accessory module includes at least one of a feedforward compensation sub-module, a feedback compensation sub-module and a parasitic parameter compensation sub-module; S3. Superimposing the current compensation amount to the current instruction signal through the signal processing and synthesis accessory module to generate a corrected target current signal; S4. Generating a pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signal according to the corrected target current signal through the PWM generation and driving accessory module to control the switching state of the gallium nitride device.

7. The power converter design method of a staggered power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices according to claim 6, wherein: The acquisition accessory module includes: Output current signal: The output current signal is collected by a high-precision current sensor, and the sampling frequency needs to meet the Nyquist sampling theorem to ensure that the signal is not distorted; Voltage signal: The input voltage and output voltage are collected by a voltage sensor, and the input voltage is used for feedforward compensation to cope with the influence of input voltage fluctuation on the system in advance; Load impedance signal: The load is calculated by the measured output voltage and output current using Ohm's law; Gallium nitride device parasitic parameter signal: The small signal injection method or model reference adaptive method is used to estimate the parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance parameters online.

8. The power converter design method of a staggered power converter apparatus based on gallium nitride devices according to claim 6, wherein: Feedforward compensation sub-module: Feedforward compensation is used to offset the influence of input voltage fluctuation on the output current, and the compensation amount is calculated in advance according to the change of input voltage; Feedback compensation sub-module: Feedback compensation adjusts according to the deviation of the output current from the reference current, and the classic PID control algorithm is used; The parasitic parameter compensation sub-module: considering the influence of the parasitic parameter change of the gallium nitride device on the current, a relationship model of the parasitic parameter and the current deviation is established, the parasitic capacitance change is , the parasitic parameter compensation coefficient is , and the technical formula of the parasitic parameter compensation amount is: ; wherein is the rate of change of the device drain-source voltage; In summary, the current compensation amount is: .

9. The power converter design method of claim 6, wherein: The signal processing and synthesis sub-module superimposes the current compensation quantity onto the current instruction signal to generate a revised target current signal The calculation formula is: ; The PWM generation and driving accessory module generates a drive signal according to the corrected target current signal using the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) technology to control the switching state of the gallium nitride device. The target current signal is compared with a high-frequency triangular carrier signal. When the target current is greater than the triangular carrier, a high level is output to drive the gallium nitride device to turn on. Conversely, a low level is output to turn off the device. By setting the size of the target current, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is changed to control the output current of the converter.

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