Coupler for cyclotron system and cyclotron system
By increasing the number of spiral turns of the coupling ring in the cyclotron system and introducing a water-cooling structure, the design of the coupler was optimized, which solved the problems of low coupling degree and space occupied by the heat exchange structure, and achieved higher power transmission efficiency and stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511028522.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the coupling degree of the coupler is low, which affects the working efficiency of the radio frequency system, and the heat exchange structure occupies the resonant cavity space, causing interference.
A coupler for a cyclotron system is designed. By increasing the number of spiral turns of the coupling ring and introducing a water-cooling structure, the heat exchange flow channel design between the coupling ring and the conductor is optimized to improve the power and coupling degree of the coupler.
The coupling degree and power transmission efficiency of the coupler are improved, the temperature of the coupling ring is reduced, thermal deformation is avoided, the service life is extended, and the occupied space of the resonant cavity is reduced.
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Figure CN120711601A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cyclotron accelerators, and in particular to a coupler for a cyclotron system and a cyclotron system. Background Art
[0002] The operating principle of a cyclotron's resonant cavity is primarily based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic resonance. When external high-frequency power is input into the resonant cavity through a coupling loop, it excites electromagnetic oscillations of a specific frequency within the cavity. Due to the unique geometry and dimensions of the resonant cavity, only electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency can form a stable standing wave, a phenomenon known as resonance. Under the influence of the cyclotron's magnetic field, charged particles move along a circular trajectory. Due to the periodic variations in the electric field, particles gain energy acceleration when they pass through the resonant cavity gap at the appropriate moment. As particles continue to pass through the accelerating electric field in the resonant cavity gap, their energy gradually increases, achieving the purpose of acceleration.
[0003] The function of a coupling loop is to couple the energy emitted by a high-frequency source into the resonant cavity. This is primarily accomplished through inductive coupling and capacitive coupling. The efficiency of power coupling can be expressed in terms of the coupling degree, which can be roughly considered to be equal to the ratio of effective input power to incident power: effective power = incident power - reflected power. A higher coupling degree results in higher power fed into the cavity, lower reflected power, and improved RF system efficiency. For inductive coupling, the coupling degree is directly related to the area of the coupling loop projected onto a plane perpendicular to the magnetic field component of the resonant cavity's electromagnetic wave.
[0004] In the prior art, the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe of the heat exchange structure are arranged in the resonant cavity, which greatly increases the space of the resonant cavity and may also interfere with the coupling ring.
[0005] In related technologies, how to improve the coupling degree of a coupler is a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The present invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a coupler for a cyclotron system. By increasing the number of spiral turns in the coupling ring and designing a water-cooling structure, the coupler not only increases the power of the coupler but also improves the coupling degree of the coupler.
[0007] The coupler for a cyclotron system of the present invention comprises:
[0008] A coupling body, the coupling body comprising an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the inner conductor being located within the outer conductor and insulated from and connected to the inner conductor, the outer conductor having a second heat exchange flow channel for the flow of a heat exchange medium;
[0009] a coupling ring, the coupling ring having a spirally arranged spiral segment, the spiral segment having at least two spiral turns, one end of the coupling ring connected to the outer conductor, the other end of the coupling ring connected to the inner conductor, the coupling ring having a first heat exchange channel for flowing a heat exchange medium, the first heat exchange channel being in communication with the second heat exchange channel;
[0010] A first pipe extends into the inner conductor and is communicated with the first heat exchange channel.
[0011] Optionally, the coupler further comprises:
[0012] an outer ring tube, one end of which is connected to the outer conductor;
[0013] An inner ring tube, one end of which is connected to the inner conductor, the inner ring tube is located inside the outer ring tube, the shape of the inner ring tube is proportional to the shape of the outer ring tube, and a portion of the first pipe is located inside the inner ring tube.
[0014] Optionally, the coupler further comprises:
[0015] The ferrule has a through hole for accommodating the first pipe, one end of the ferrule is connected to the inner ring tube, and the other end of the ferrule is connected to the inner conductor.
[0016] Optionally, when the outer ring tube is linear, the first pipe has a first bending section in a direction away from the inner conductor, and the first bending section passes through the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube in sequence.
[0017] Optionally, in the direction away from the outer conductor, in the second bending section of the outer ring tube, the shape of the first tube is straight, and the first tube passes through the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube in sequence.
[0018] Optionally, the second heat exchange channel is spirally arranged in the axial direction of the outer conductor; and / or
[0019] The spiral axis of the second heat exchange channel coincides with the central axis of the outer conductor.
[0020] Optionally, a connecting nozzle is provided on the outer conductor, and the connecting nozzle is connected to the second heat exchange channel.
[0021] Optionally, the spiral mode of the spiral segment includes a cylindrical spiral and / or a planar spiral.
[0022] Optionally, the cyclotron system comprises:
[0023] a vacuum box having a resonant cavity;
[0024] The above-mentioned coupler is rotatably connected to the vacuum box in the axial direction of the outer conductor, and the coupling ring extends into the resonant cavity.
[0025] Optionally, the vacuum box is provided with a first connecting flange, and the first connecting flange has a first bayonet;
[0026] The coupler is provided with a second connecting flange that can abut against the first connecting flange, and the second connecting flange has a second bayonet;
[0027] The cyclotron system further includes a buckle, which can be snapped onto the first bayonet and the second bayonet;
[0028] The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange are rotatable relative to each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a cyclotron system in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cyclotron system in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
[0031] Figure markings: 100-coupler, 110-coupling body, 111-outer conductor, 112-inner conductor, 113-second heat exchange channel, 114-connecting nozzle, 115-outer ring tube, 116-inner ring tube, 117-insert, 120-coupling ring, 121-spiral section, 122-first heat exchange channel, 130-second connecting flange, 131-second bayonet, 140-first pipeline, 200-vacuum box, 210-resonance cavity, 220-first connecting flange, 221-first bayonet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0033] The following describes a coupler 100 for a cyclotron system according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the coupler 100 for a cyclotron system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a coupling body 110 , a coupling ring 120 and a first pipe 140 .
[0034] The coupling body 110 includes an outer conductor 111 and an inner conductor 112. The inner conductor 112 is located inside the outer conductor 111, and the outer conductor 111 and the inner conductor 112 are insulated and connected. The outer conductor 111 has a second heat exchange channel 113 for the flow of heat exchange medium. The coupling ring 120 has a spirally arranged spiral section 121, and the spiral section 111 has at least two spiral turns. One end of the coupling ring 120 is connected to the outer conductor 111, and the other end of the coupling ring 120 is connected to the inner conductor 112. The coupling ring 120 has a first heat exchange channel 122 for the flow of heat exchange medium. The first heat exchange channel 122 is connected to the second heat exchange channel 113. The first pipe 140 extends into the inner conductor 112, and the first pipe 140 is connected to the first heat exchange channel 122.
[0035] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the coupler 100 for a cyclotron system can increase the number of spiral turns of the coupling ring 120 and design a heat exchange structure, thereby not only improving the power of the coupler 100 but also improving the coupling degree of the coupler 100.
[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to make the technical solution of the present application easier to understand, the technical solution of the present application is described in more detail below with reference to a specific embodiment of the cyclotron system.
[0037] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cyclotron system includes a vacuum box 200 and a coupler 100 . The coupler 100 is used to couple the energy emitted by the high-frequency source into the resonant cavity 210 of the vacuum box 200 .
[0038] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the coupler 100 is rotatably connected to the vacuum box 200 in the axial direction of the outer conductor 111. The angle of the coupling ring 120 can be adjusted by rotating the coupler 100, thereby changing the magnetic flux of the coupling ring 120 to find the best matching point of the coupling ring 120, thereby achieving maximum power coupling of the coupling ring 120, so that as much incident power of the coupling ring 120 as possible is fed into the resonant cavity 210 of the vacuum box 200, thereby reducing the reflected power of the resonant cavity 210.
[0039] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the vacuum box 200 is provided with a first connecting flange 220 having a first latch 221. The coupler 120 is provided with a second connecting flange 130 that abuts against the first connecting flange 220. The second connecting flange 130 has a second latch 131. The buckle 300 can be snapped onto the first latch 221 and the second latch 131, allowing the first and second connecting flanges 220 and 130 to rotate relative to each other. Specifically, the buckle 300 can snap onto the first latch 221 of the first connecting flange 220 and the second latch 131 of the second connecting flange 130, thereby securing the coupler 120 to the vacuum box 200 via the buckle 300. Furthermore, the buckle 300, the first latch 221 of the first connecting flange 220, and the second latch 131 of the second connecting flange 130 cooperate to ensure that the coupler 120 rotates relative to the vacuum box 200, thereby adjusting the angle of the coupling ring 120.
[0040] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the coupler 100 includes a coupling body 110 and a coupling ring 120. The coupling ring 120 is connected to the coupling body 110 and has a spiral segment 121. The spiral segment 121 has at least two turns. Increasing the number of turns of the spiral segment 121 can increase the power emitted by the coupling ring 120 into the resonant cavity 210 and improve the coupling degree of the coupling ring 120. The coupling ring 120 can extend into the resonant cavity 210 of the vacuum chamber 200 to complete power feeding.
[0041] It should be noted that in a cyclotron system, resonant cavity 210 can generally be equivalent to a shaped coaxial transmission line, where components such as Dee and shorting rods serve as the inner conductor of the coaxial transmission line, and components such as dummy Dee serve as the outer conductor. Electromagnetic waves in the coaxial transmission line propagate in the region between the inner and outer conductors. The electromagnetic waves within the resonant cavity are TEM waves, meaning that the directions of the magnetic field (H) and electric field (E) are both perpendicular to the direction of electromagnetic wave propagation.
[0042] The basic principle of the coupler 100 is as follows: the coupling loop 120 is placed in the electromagnetic field of the resonant cavity 210. The electromagnetic waves change periodically over time. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, corresponding electromagnetic waves can be excited on the coupling loop 120, that is, resonance is caused. Similarly, the electromagnetic waves on the coupling loop 120 can excite electromagnetic waves on the coaxial transmission line, transferring the RF power on the coupling loop 120 to the coupling loop 120.
[0043] The coupling efficiency of coupler 100 is directly related to the projection of the coil of coupling loop 120 in the direction perpendicular to the electromagnetic wave's magnetic field component (H). Increasing the number of turns of coupling loop 120 can increase the power emitted by coupling loop 120 into resonant cavity 210, and at the same time, improve the coupling degree of coupler 100.
[0044] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the winding direction of the coupling loop 120 forms a certain angle with the plane in the coupling loop to ensure mutual insulation between the loops of the coupling loop 120. In other words, the winding direction of the coupling loop 120 forms a certain angle with the plane in the coupling loop 120 and maintains a certain distance, which can ensure mutual insulation between the loops of the coupling loop 120, ensure that current can be transmitted along the direction of the wire, and ensure that multi-turn coupling is effective, thereby increasing the coupling degree adjustment range of the coupler 100, enabling the coupler 100 to achieve a higher coupling degree and improving the working efficiency of the coupler 100.
[0045] In some specific embodiments, the coupling ring 120 is made of conductive metal.
[0046] In some specific embodiments, the spiral segment 121 may be in the form of a cylindrical spiral, and the cylindrical spiral segment 121 is similar in shape to a conventional spring.
[0047] In some specific embodiments, the spiral form of the spiral segment 121 may be a planar spiral, and the planar spiral segment 121 is similar to a coiled mosquito coil.
[0048] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the coupling ring 120 has a first heat exchange channel 122 for the flow of heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium flows in the first heat exchange channel 122, which can take away the heat generated by the coupling ring 120, reduce the temperature of the coupling ring 120, and avoid heat deposition on the coupling ring 120 causing thermal deformation of the coupling ring 120, thereby improving the working stability of the coupling ring 120.
[0049] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the coupling body 110 includes an outer conductor 111 and an inner conductor 112. The inner conductor 112 is located within the outer conductor 111 and is insulated and connected to the inner conductor 112 to prevent short circuits between the outer conductor 111 and the inner conductor 112. One end of the coupling loop 120 is connected to the outer conductor 111, and the other end of the coupling loop 120 is connected to the inner conductor 112. The current between the inner conductor 112 and the outer conductor 111 is guided through the coupling loop 120, completing impedance transformation and allowing the maximum power from the RF power source to be fed into the resonant cavity 210 of the vacuum chamber 200 through the coupler 100.
[0050] In some specific embodiments, the outer conductor 111 and the inner conductor 112 are both made of oxygen-free copper. During electromagnetic wave transmission, the power loss caused by the resistivity of oxygen-free copper is extremely small and has high thermal conductivity, and the system will not be unstable due to material properties.
[0051] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outer conductor 111 has a second heat exchange channel 113 connected to the first heat exchange channel 122. When the heat exchange medium flows into the second heat exchange channel 113 through the first heat exchange channel 122, the heat exchange medium can exchange heat with the outer conductor 111, thereby reducing the temperature of the outer conductor 111, avoiding thermal deformation of the outer conductor 111, and extending the service life of the outer conductor 111.
[0052] In some specific embodiments, the second heat exchange channel 113 is spirally arranged in the axial direction of the outer conductor 111, and the second heat exchange channel 113 is spirally arranged inside the outer conductor 111, that is, the heat exchange area between the second heat exchange channel 113 and the outer conductor 111 is increased, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchange channel 113.
[0053] In some specific embodiments, the spiral axis of the second heat exchange channel 113 coincides with the central axis of the outer conductor 111 .
[0054] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a connection nozzle 114 is provided on the outer conductor 111 , and the connection nozzle 114 is communicated with the second heat exchange channel 113 .
[0055] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first pipe 140 extends into the inner conductor 112 and is in communication with the first heat exchange channel 122. Specifically, the heat exchange medium flows through the first pipe 140, the first heat exchange channel 122, the second heat exchange channel 113, and the connecting nozzle 114 in sequence, that is, the heat exchange medium completes a heat exchange in the coupler 100.
[0056] It should be noted that, in cyclotron acceleration, the volume of the resonant cavity 210 of the vacuum box 200 is very small, and the coupling ring 120 in this specific embodiment has a spirally arranged spiral segment 121, and the spiral segment 111 has at least two spiral turns, which has occupied most of the volume in the resonant cavity 210. In order to minimize the volume of the resonant cavity 210, the first pipe 140 in the present technical solution extends into the inner conductor 112 and is arranged in a direction away from the resonant cavity 210, so that the first pipe 140 does not need to occupy the space of the resonant cavity 210.
[0057] In some specific embodiments, the first pipe 140 is made of an insulating plastic pipe.
[0058] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one end of the outer ring tube 115 is connected to the outer conductor 111, and one end of the inner ring tube 116 is connected to the inner conductor 112. The inner ring tube 116 is located inside the outer ring tube 115. The shape of the inner ring tube 116 is proportional to the shape of the outer ring tube 115. A portion of the first pipe 140 is located inside the inner ring tube 116. Specifically, the shape of the inner ring tube 116 is proportional to the shape of the outer ring tube 115, which can ensure that electromagnetic waves propagate between the inner ring tube 116 and the outer ring tube 115.
[0059] In some specific embodiments, the shape of the inner ring tube 116 is proportional to the shape of the outer ring tube 115 , and the corresponding ratio of the outer diameters of the inner and outer tubes is 155.6 / 66≈2.36.
[0060] In some specific embodiments, when the outer annular tube 115 is linear, the first conduit 140 has a first bend in a direction away from the inner conductor 112, and the first bend sequentially passes through the inner annular tube 116 and the outer annular tube 115. Specifically, when both the inner annular tube 116 and the outer annular tube 115 are linear, a portion of the first conduit 140 can be designed to be bent, that is, the first conduit 140 has a first bend in a direction away from the inner conductor 112, to facilitate the first conduit 140 in conveying the heat exchange medium.
[0061] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the second bend section of the outer ring tube 111 in the direction away from the outer conductor 111, the shape of the first pipe 140 is linear, and the first pipe 140 sequentially passes through the inner ring tube 116 and the outer ring tube 115. Specifically, the inner ring tube 116 and the outer ring tube 115 can be designed to be bent, and the shape of the first pipe 140 is linear, which can ensure that the first pipe 140 sequentially passes through the inner ring tube 116 and the outer ring tube 115, so that the first pipe 140 can transport the heat exchange medium.
[0062] In some specific embodiments, Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, one end of the ferrule 117 is connected to the inner ring tube 116, and the other end of the ferrule 117 is connected to the inner conductor 112. The ferrule 117 has a through hole for accommodating the first pipe 140. That is, one end of the first pipe 140 extends into the inner conductor 112 and is connected to the inner conductor 112. The first pipe 140 passes through the through hole of the ferrule 117 to ensure that the first pipe 140 can extend into the inner ring tube 116, so that the first pipe 140 does not need to be arranged in the resonant cavity, avoiding the first pipe 140 occupying the space of the resonant cavity, thereby greatly reducing the space of the resonant cavity. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0063] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0064] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.
[0065] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.
[0066] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.
[0067] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A coupler for a cyclotron system, characterized in that: include: A coupling body, the coupling body comprising an outer conductor and an inner conductor, the inner conductor being located within the outer conductor and insulated from and connected to the inner conductor, the outer conductor having a second heat exchange flow channel for the flow of a heat exchange medium; a coupling ring, the coupling ring having a spirally arranged spiral segment, the spiral segment having at least two spiral turns, one end of the coupling ring connected to the outer conductor, the other end of the coupling ring connected to the inner conductor, the coupling ring having a first heat exchange channel for flowing a heat exchange medium, the first heat exchange channel being in communication with the second heat exchange channel; A first pipe extends into the inner conductor and is communicated with the first heat exchange channel.
2. The coupler for a cyclotron system according to claim 1, wherein: Also includes: an outer ring tube, one end of which is connected to the outer conductor; An inner ring tube, one end of which is connected to the inner conductor, the inner ring tube is located inside the outer ring tube, the shape of the inner ring tube is proportional to the shape of the outer ring tube, and a portion of the first pipe is located inside the inner ring tube.
3. The coupler for a cyclotron system according to claim 2, wherein: Also includes: The ferrule has a through hole for accommodating the first pipe, one end of the ferrule is connected to the inner ring tube, and the other end of the ferrule is connected to the inner conductor.
4. The coupler for a cyclotron system according to claim 2, wherein: When the outer ring tube is in a straight line shape, the first pipe has a first bending section in a direction away from the inner conductor, and the first bending section passes through the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube in sequence.
5. The coupler for a cyclotron system according to claim 2, wherein: In the direction away from the outer conductor, in the second bending section of the outer ring tube, the shape of the first tube is straight, and the first tube passes through the inner ring tube and the outer ring tube in sequence.
6. The coupler for a cyclotron system according to claim 1, wherein: The second heat exchange channel is spirally arranged in the axial direction of the outer conductor; and / or The spiral axis of the second heat exchange channel coincides with the central axis of the outer conductor.
7. The coupler for a cyclotron system according to claim 1, wherein: The outer conductor is provided with a connection nozzle, and the connection nozzle is communicated with the second heat exchange flow channel.
8. The coupler for a cyclotron system according to claim 1, wherein: The spiral mode of the spiral segment includes a cylindrical spiral and / or a flat spiral.
9. A cyclotron system, characterized in that: include: a vacuum box having a resonant cavity; According to any one of claims 1 to 8, the coupler is rotatably connected to the vacuum box in the axial direction of the outer conductor, and the coupling ring extends into the resonant cavity.
10. The cyclotron system according to claim 9, wherein: The vacuum box is provided with a first connecting flange, and the first connecting flange has a first bayonet; The coupler is provided with a second connecting flange that can abut against the first connecting flange, and the second connecting flange has a second bayonet; The cyclotron system further includes a buckle, which can be snapped onto the first bayonet and the second bayonet; The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange are rotatable relative to each other.