An automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potatoes

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of potato planting, and particularly relates to a kind of automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potato, the device includes screening unit, cutting unit, potato piece sterilization unit and germination unit;Screening unit includes the passage with adjustable width drop gap;The outlet of the passage is provided with a transfer between the cutting unit, and the cutting unit includes the cutting knife capable of moving back and forth for cutting at least one large potato on the skewer puncture and the identification member for identifying the surface eye of potato;The cutting unit is provided with the cleaning member capable of removing the waste left after cutting at least one large potato on the skewer puncture;Germination unit includes the conveyor belt assembly for transporting basket, the soil adding member for adding soil to the basket and the basket loading member for loading small potato or potato piece located in front of germination unit into the basket.At present, there is a lack of high degree of automation and precision planting seed selection and germination device, and the device has high degree of automation and can realize precision planting.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of potato planting, in particular to an automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potatoes. BACKGROUND

[0002] Potato is the fourth largest food crop in the world, and the planting quantity is very large. During planting, very few seeds are used, and almost all potato tubers (referred to as tubers) are used for planting. The planting process mainly includes:

[0003] (1) Variety selection, determine the potato variety to be planted according to factors such as topography, soil conditions and climate conditions;

[0004] (2) Seed selection, first, screen the potatoes, remove the potatoes that are not neat in shape, do not meet the properties of the variety, are not smooth on the surface, and have not fresh skin color; then, classify the potatoes by quality, do not use unqualified potatoes (referred to as discarded potatoes) less than 25g, directly use small potatoes (referred to as small potatoes) of 25-50g as seed potatoes, and cut large potatoes (referred to as large potatoes) larger than 50g to obtain tubers, ensure that each tuber retains 1-2 bud eyes and the quality is within the range of 25-50g, and each tuber is placed in a mesh bag and wrapped with a sterilizing agent, and then stirred evenly by hand, so that each wound of the tuber is wrapped with the sterilizing agent;

[0005] (3) Germination, put the small potatoes or the mixed tubers and soil (wet soil or sand) into a basket, and place it in a greenhouse with a temperature of 20-25℃ without direct sunlight but with scattered light, so that the potato sprouts gradually grow out, when the potato sprouts grow to about 1-2 cm, place them in scattered light for airing, so that they are evenly exposed to light, and when the buds become dark green and strong, they can be prepared for planting;

[0006] (4) Preparation before planting, determine the planting area, and perform deep plowing, soil drying, residue cleaning, and deep loosening and arrangement operations;

[0007] (5) Sowing, sowing is performed by mechanical equipment, and the number of seedlings per mu is 4500-6000;

[0008] (6) Field management, perform weeding, waste water management, disease and pest control, etc.

[0009] The seed selection and germination steps, which are crucial for potato planting, are performed by manual operation, which is a huge workload and not precise enough, and the quantity control and placement of input materials are not accurate.

[0010] Therefore, there is a lack of a seed selection and germination device with high automation and precision planting. SUMMARY

[0011] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, and provide a potato automatic precision seed selection and germination device with high automation and capable of realizing precision planting.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present application provides a potato automatic precision seed selection and germination device, which comprises a screening unit, a cutting unit for cutting large potatoes to obtain potato pieces, a movable potato piece sterilization unit located below the cutting unit, and a germination unit for loading soil and small potatoes or potato pieces into a basket; the screening unit comprises a channel with an adjustable drop gap in width and a horizontal first telescopic member for moving the potatoes on the channel from the inlet to the outlet of the channel, and a discharge channel is arranged below the drop gap, and the outlet of the discharge channel extends into a movable potato collecting box; a transfer member is arranged between the outlet of the channel and the cutting unit, the transfer member comprises at least one horizontal spike capable of piercing the large potato at the outlet of the channel and a driving member capable of rotating the at least one spike, the at least one spike and the driving member are both installed on a rotating table capable of rotating in a direction perpendicular to the ground, and the rotating table is rotatably installed on a sliding table capable of sliding left and right; the cutting unit comprises a cutting knife capable of moving forward and backward for cutting the large potato pierced by the at least one spike and a recognition member for recognizing the surface bud eye of the potato, and the rear end of the cutting knife extends an extension part for placing the potato pieces; a cleaning member is installed on the cutting unit and capable of removing the waste left after the large potato pierced by the at least one spike is cut; the germination unit comprises a conveying belt assembly for transporting the basket, a soil adding member for adding soil to the basket in a certain amount, and a basket loading member for loading the potato pieces in the sterilization unit into the basket.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, the channel comprises a U-shaped frame, the U-shaped frame comprises a left vertical plate, a right vertical plate and a horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate is provided with an opening for the potatoes to fall; the top of the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate opposite to each other is fixedly installed with at least one horizontal first sliding rod, the front section of the at least one first sliding rod on the left vertical plate and the at least one first sliding rod on the right vertical plate are jointly and slidably installed with a front wall, and the rear section of the at least one first sliding rod on the left vertical plate and the at least one first sliding rod on the right vertical plate are jointly and slidably installed with a rear wall; the U-shaped frame is installed with a wall plate driving member for driving the front wall and the rear wall to move synchronously towards or away from each other.

[0014] Preferably, the wallboard driving member comprises a first vertical motor mounted on the left vertical plate away from the right vertical plate, a vertical lead screw coaxially and drivingly connected with the output shaft of the first vertical motor is arranged above the first vertical motor, a lead screw nut is arranged on the vertical lead screw, a cross connecting frame is arranged outside the lead screw nut, the front vertical end of the cross connecting frame is rotatably connected with one end of a front connecting rod, the end of the front connecting rod away from the cross connecting frame is rotatably connected with the left end of the front wall through a first rotating shaft, the rear vertical end of the cross connecting frame is rotatably connected with one end of a rear connecting rod, the end of the rear connecting rod away from the cross connecting frame is rotatably connected with the left end of the rear wall through a second rotating shaft, two limiting grooves are arranged on the left vertical plate and used for sliding of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft.

[0015] As a further improvement of the application: the transferring member comprises a horizontal first sliding rail fixedly mounted on the screening unit and used for sliding of the sliding table, the first sliding rail is mounted with a second telescopic member used for driving the sliding table to slide leftward and rightward; the bottom of the sliding table is mounted with a second vertical motor used for driving the rotating table to rotate; the top of the rotating table is fixedly mounted with a square column, the driving member comprises a horizontal first cylinder rotatably mounted in the square column and a second motor fixedly mounted on the square column and used for driving the first cylinder to rotate; at least one skewer is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the first cylinder away from the square column.

[0016] As a further improvement of the application: the cutting block unit comprises a horizontal second sliding rail fixedly mounted on the rear side of the transferring member, the second sliding rail is mounted with a sliding plate capable of sliding forward and backward on the second sliding rail, the cutting block knife is fixedly mounted on the top of the sliding plate; the rear end of the second sliding rail is fixedly mounted with a fixed plate, the fixed plate is mounted with a horizontal third telescopic member used for driving the sliding plate to slide forward and backward.

[0017] Preferably, the cleaning member comprises a cleaning plate slidingly mounted on the second sliding rail and a horizontal fourth telescopic member used for driving the cleaning plate to slide forward and backward; the right side of the cleaning plate is arranged with a U-shaped notch matching in size and shape with the shape and size of the at least one skewer.

[0018] As a further improvement of the application: the soil adding member comprises a soil inlet funnel, a butterfly valve is arranged in the funnel neck of the soil inlet funnel.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present application: the basket loading device comprises a crossbar, the two ends of the crossbar are respectively provided with a clamping device capable of adjusting the clamping distance for clamping the potato or potato block, the crossbar is fixedly installed on the top of the vertical rod, the vertical rod is fixedly installed on the top of the second cylinder, the second cylinder is slidingly installed in the vertical cylinder body, a vertical fifth telescopic device is arranged below the cylinder body for driving the second cylinder to slide up and down in the cylinder body, the outer surface of the second cylinder is provided with two axisymmetric protrusions, a continuous arc-shaped slot for sliding the two protrusions is formed in the sidewall of the cylinder body, and the continuous arc-shaped slot comprises a rising section for driving the second cylinder to rotate by 180 degrees when the two protrusions slide upward and a falling section for driving the second cylinder to rotate by the same angle after forward and reverse rotation when the two protrusions slide downward.

[0020] Preferably, the clamping device comprises a vertical sixth telescopic device fixedly installed on the top of the crossbar, the telescopic end of the sixth telescopic device penetrates through the crossbar, and the top end of the telescopic end of the sixth telescopic device is fixedly installed with a small support; a pair of clamping jaws capable of synchronously sliding towards or away from each other along the axis of the crossbar is arranged at the bottom of the crossbar, and the clamping jaws are respectively hinged to the small support through small connecting rods.

[0021] The potato automatic precision seed selection and germination device provided by the present application has high automation and can realize precision planting. The device screens potatoes according to the size of the potatoes through the screening unit, large potatoes are transferred to a position where the large potatoes can be cut into blocks by the cutting unit, the identification member identifies whether there is a bud eye on the surface of the large potato, if there is, the large potato is cut into blocks, if not, the large potato is rotated by the pick, after the cutting is completed, the cleaning member removes the residual waste on the pick, the potato block on the cutting knife falls into the potato block sterilization unit, and the basket loading device puts the potato block in the potato block sterilization unit into the basket. In this way, the device automatically completes the seed selection and germination of potatoes. At the same time, the soil adding member can quantitatively add soil to the basket, so that precision soil adding operation is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application from another angle;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present application without a substrate;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship between the first telescopic device and the crossbar in the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the U-shaped frame in the present application;

[0027] Figure 6Part structure schematic view of screening unit in the application;

[0028] Figure 7 Whole structure schematic view of screening unit from another angle in the application;

[0029] Figure 8 Exploded view of front wall and rear wall in the application;

[0030] Figure 9 Part structure schematic view of screening unit in the application;

[0031] Figure 10 Whole structure schematic view of base frame, first slide rail, second slide rail and fixed plate in the application;

[0032] Figure 11 Position relation schematic view of part cutting unit and cleaning piece in the application;

[0033] Figure 12 Whole structure schematic view of cutting knife and sliding plate in the application;

[0034] Figure 13 Position relation schematic view of skewer, driving piece, rotary table, square column and the like in the application;

[0035] Figure 14 Assembly view of sliding table and second telescopic piece in the application;

[0036] Figure 15 Whole structure perspective view of skewer and driving piece in the application;

[0037] Figure 16 Whole structure schematic view of basket loading piece in the application;

[0038] Figure 17 Whole structure schematic view of cylinder body in the application;

[0039] Figure 18 Whole structure perspective view of cylinder body in the application;

[0040] Figure 19 Part structure schematic view of basket loading piece in the application;

[0041] Figure 20 Part structure schematic view of bending guide rail and part sweet potato piece sterilization unit in the application;

[0042] Figure 21 Whole structure schematic view of conveying belt assembly and earth inlet hopper in the application;

[0043] Corresponding names of components of each mark in the above-mentioned drawings are as follows:

[0044] 1. Screening unit; 101. Channel; 1011. U-shaped frame; 1012. First sliding rod; 103A. Front wall; 103B. Rear wall; 1014. First vertical motor; 1015. Vertical lead screw; 1016. Cross connecting frame; 1017. First rotating shaft; 1018. Second rotating shaft; 102. First telescopic component; 103. Potato inlet funnel; 104. Discharge channel; 105. Potato collecting box; 106. Fixing component;

[0045] 2. Cutting unit; 201. Cutting blade; 202. Identifier; 203. Second slide rail; 204. Sliding plate; 205. Fixing plate; 206. Third telescopic component;

[0046] 3. Potato tuber sterilization unit; 301. Disinfection box;

[0047] 4. Germination unit; 401. Conveyor belt assembly; 402. Soil inlet funnel; 403. Basket loading component; 4031. Horizontal bar; 4032. Vertical bar; 4033. Second cylinder; 4034. Cylindrical body; 40341. Continuous arc groove; 4035. Fifth telescopic component;

[0048] 5. Transfer component; 501. Skewer; 502. Drive component; 503. Turntable; 504. Slide table; 505. First slide rail; 506. Second telescopic component; 507. Second vertical motor; 508. Square column;

[0049] 6. Cleaning component; 601. Cleaning plate; 602. Fourth telescopic component;

[0050] 7. Clamping component; 701. Sixth telescopic component; 702. Small bracket; 703. Gripper. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] In this invention, the directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," and "bottom" are all used in conjunction with... Figure 3 The direction defined by the central cross-shaped directional marker is the reference. It is particularly important to note that the top of the telescopic end of the telescopic component refers to the end furthest from its fixed end. All directional terms in this invention are described based on this definition and do not change their represented orientation with changes in the angle of the drawing. A vertical motor means the motor's output shaft is perpendicular to the ground; a horizontal motor means the motor's output shaft is parallel to the ground. A vertical telescopic component means the telescopic end of the component is perpendicular to the ground; a horizontal telescopic component means the telescopic end of the component is parallel to the ground.

[0053] Definitions of relevant terms used in this invention:

[0054] (1) Precision: refers to the agricultural production in the process of agricultural operation on the input (such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, etc.) for accurate quantity control and put.

[0055] (2) Flexible material: refers to the material with flexibility, bendable deformation and can maintain shape under certain external force, such as plastic, rubber.

[0056] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the present application provides a kind of potato automatic precision seed selection germination device, including screening unit 1 from front to back on base plate, cutting unit 2 for cutting large potato to obtain potato block, movable potato block sterilization unit 3 for sterilizing potato block, germination unit 4 for loading soil and small potato or potato block into basket.

[0057] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11As shown, the screening unit 1 comprises a channel 101 with adjustable width drop gap and a horizontal first telescopic part 102 for moving the potatoes on the channel 101 from the inlet to the outlet direction of the channel 101, a cross track is arranged beside the inlet of the channel 101, the first telescopic part 102 is arranged at the right end of the cross track, a potato feeding funnel 103 is arranged above the cross track, an obliquely arranged discharging track 104 for transporting potatoes is arranged below the drop gap, the outlet of the discharging track 104 extends into a movable potato receiving box 105 for placing potatoes, a fixing part 106 for fixing the potatoes on the outlet of the cross track 102 is arranged above the outlet of the channel 101, the fixing part 106 comprises a horizontal plate fixedly arranged on the base frame, a vertical seventh telescopic part is arranged on the top of the horizontal plate, the telescopic end of the seventh telescopic part extends out from below the horizontal plate after penetrating through the horizontal plate, a pressing plate for pressing potatoes is fixedly arranged on the top end of the telescopic end of the seventh telescopic part, the cross section of the pressing plate is in the shape of a bottomless ladder structure; the channel 101 comprises a U-shaped frame 1011, the U-shaped frame 1011 comprises a left vertical plate, a right vertical plate and a horizontal plate, an opening for the potatoes to fall is formed on the horizontal plate, the length of the opening is greater than or equal to the length of the drop gap, and the width of the opening is greater than or equal to the maximum width of the drop gap; at least one horizontal first sliding rod 1012 is fixedly arranged on the top of the side of the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate away from each other, a front wall 103A is jointly and slidably arranged on the front segments of the at least one first sliding rod 1012 on the left vertical plate and the at least one first sliding rod 1012 on the right vertical plate, and a rear wall 103B is jointly and slidably arranged on the rear segments of the at least one first sliding rod 1012 on the left vertical plate and the at least one first sliding rod 1012 on the right vertical plate; a wall plate driving part for driving the front wall 103A and the rear wall 103B to move synchronously towards or away from each other is arranged on the U-shaped frame 1011. The wall plate driving part comprises a first vertical motor 1014 arranged on the side of the left vertical plate away from the right vertical plate, a vertical lead screw 1015 coaxially and drivingly connected with the output shaft of the first vertical motor 1014 is arranged above the first vertical motor 1014, a screw nut matched with the vertical lead screw 1015 is arranged on the vertical lead screw 1015, a cross connecting frame 1016 is arranged outside the screw nut, the front vertical end of the cross connecting frame 1016 is rotatably connected with one end of a front connecting rod through a rotating shaft, the end of the front connecting rod away from the cross connecting frame 1016 is rotatably connected with the left end of the front wall 103A through a first rotating shaft 1017, the rear vertical end of the cross connecting frame 1016 is rotatably connected with one end of a rear connecting rod through a rotating shaft, the end of the rear connecting rod away from the cross connecting frame 1016 is rotatably connected with the left end of the rear wall 103B through a second rotating shaft 1018, two limiting grooves for the first rotating shaft 1017 and the second rotating shaft 1018 to slide forward and backward respectively are formed on the left vertical plate.In order to keep balance, a vertical rod is fixedly installed on the side of the right vertical plate far away from the left vertical plate, a cross block is slidably installed on the vertical rod, the front side vertical end and the back side vertical end of the cross block are respectively rotatably connected with the right end of the front wall 103A and the right end of the back wall 103B through connecting rods, the two connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected with the right end of the front wall 103A and the right end of the back wall 103B through the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft, two limiting grooves are formed in the right vertical plate and used for the front and back sliding of the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft. The U-shaped frame 1011 is further hinged with the front and back blocking inclined plates which can change the distance according to the width change of the falling gap, the first rotating shaft 1017 is fixedly connected with the top of the left end of the front blocking inclined plate after penetrating through the limiting groove, the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the top of the right end of the front blocking inclined plate after penetrating through the limiting groove, the second rotating shaft 1018 is fixedly connected with the top of the left end of the back blocking inclined plate after penetrating through the limiting groove, and the fourth rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the top of the right end of the back blocking inclined plate after penetrating through the limiting groove. The front wall 103A and the back wall 103B each include a bent plate, when the front wall 103A and the back wall 103B are fixedly installed, the distance between the bent plates gradually decreases from the top to the bottom, and a connecting frame is installed on each bent plate.

[0058] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15As shown, the outlet of the channel 101 is provided with a transfer member 5 between the screening unit 1 and the cutting unit 2, the transfer member 5 is installed on the base frame, the transfer member 5 is located at the left side of the screening unit 1 and the front side of the cutting unit 2, the transfer member 5 includes at least one horizontal skewer 501 capable of piercing the large potato at the outlet of the channel 101 and a driving member 502 capable of driving the at least one skewer 501 to rotate, and three skewers 501 are shown in the figure, when the number of skewers 501 is one, the skewer 501 needs to be flat in structure to prevent the skewer 501 from being unable to rotate the potato. The at least one skewer 501 and the driving member 502 are both installed on a rotating table 503 capable of rotating in a direction perpendicular to the ground, the rotating table 503 is rotatably installed on a sliding table 504 capable of sliding left and right; the transfer member 5 further includes a horizontal first sliding rail 505 fixedly installed on the screening unit 1 for the sliding table 504 to slide, the first sliding rail 505 is provided with a second telescopic member 506 for driving the sliding table 504 to slide left and right, the top end of the telescopic end of the second telescopic member 506 is fixedly connected with a connecting block fixedly installed below the sliding table 504; the bottom of the sliding table 504 is provided with a second vertical motor 507 for driving the rotating table 503 to rotate in the sliding table 504, the output shaft of the second vertical motor 507 penetrates the sliding table 504 and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the rotating table 503; the top of the rotating table 503 is fixedly installed with a square column 508, the driving member 502 includes a horizontal first cylinder rotatably installed in the square column 508 and a second motor fixedly installed on the square column 508 for driving the first cylinder to rotate, the output shaft of the second motor penetrates the surface of the square column and is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the first cylinder located in the square column 508; the at least one skewer 501 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the first cylinder away from the square column 508. Three skewers 501 are installed on the first cylinder in the figure, the bottom surface of the first cylinder away from the square column 508 is provided with a double-head capped rod capable of sliding in the first cylinder in the axial direction of the first cylinder, the double-head capped rod includes a rod body and plate-shaped cap bodies perpendicularly installed at both ends of the rod body, a reset spring is sleeved on the part of the rod body between the first cylinder and the plate-shaped cap body away from the first cylinder, one end of the reset spring is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the first cylinder away from the square column 508, and the other end is fixedly connected with the plate-shaped cap body away from the first cylinder, the plate-shaped cap body away from the first cylinder will directly contact with the potato, and therefore is made of flexible material. The double-head capped rod and the reset spring can play a certain buffering role when the cutting knife 201 cuts the potato.

[0059] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the cutting unit 2 includes a cutting blade 201 that can move back and forth for cutting at least one large potato pierced on a skewer 501, and an identification element 202 for identifying the eyes on the surface of the potato. The identification element 202 is mounted on a base frame and is an eye identification device. The cutting blade 201 has air holes and an extension for placing potato pieces extends from the rear end of the cutting blade 201. The cutting blade 201 includes two straight blades, the distance between the two straight blades gradually decreases from top to bottom, and an arc-shaped blade is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the two straight blades, with the convex surface of the arc-shaped blade facing between the two straight blades. The cutting unit 2 is equipped with a cleaning component 6 capable of removing the waste material left after cutting at least one large potato pierced by a skewer 501. The cleaning component 6 includes a cleaning plate 601 slidably mounted on a second slide rail 203 and a horizontal fourth telescopic component 602 for driving the cleaning plate 601 to slide back and forth. The top end of the telescopic end of the fourth telescopic component 602 is fixedly connected to the cleaning plate 601. A U-shaped notch with a size and shape matching the shape and size of at least one skewer 501 is provided on the right side of the cleaning plate 601. The width of the U-shaped notch in the figure matches the three skewer 501s. Below the transfer unit 5, there is a small discharge channel for the waste material left after cutting large potatoes pierced by at least one skewer 501, and a movable waste box for collecting the waste material; the cutting unit 2 also includes a horizontal second slide rail 203 fixedly installed on the rear side of the transfer unit 5, a sliding plate 204 that can slide back and forth on the second slide rail 203 is installed on the second slide rail 203, a cutting blade 201 is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding plate 204, and the top of the sliding plate 204 and the fixed plate 205 are both provided with notches that match the shape of the cutting blade 201; a fixed plate 205 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the second slide rail 203, and a horizontal third telescopic member 206 for driving the sliding plate 204 to slide back and forth is installed on the fixed plate 205, and the top end of the telescopic end of the third telescopic member 206 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 204.

[0060] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 10 , Figure 20The potato sterilization unit 3 is located below the cutting unit 2 and in front of the germination unit 4. The potato sterilization unit 3 comprises a sterilization box 301 placed on a first support, the sterilization box 301 containing sterilization agents, such as wood ash or lime, and a conveying device installed in the sterilization box 301 to convey the potatoes falling from the cutting knife 201 to the clamping position of the basket loading device 403. The conveying device comprises two screw rods with opposite screw directions vertically installed between the front wall and the rear wall of the sterilization box 301, the two screw rods being covered with a small amount of sterilization agents that do not affect the transportation of the potatoes. The front ends of the two screw rods extend out of the sterilization box 301 through the front wall of the sterilization box 301. A third motor is fixedly installed on the front side of the front wall of the sterilization box 301, and a first gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the third motor. The front end of one of the screw rods is fixedly connected to the first gear, and the front end of the other screw rod is provided with a second gear engaged with the first gear. A bent guide rail is fixedly installed on the rear end of the fixed plate 205 to allow the potatoes falling from the cutting knife 201 to slide to the top of the two screw rods. A spraying device is provided beside the cutting unit 2 to spray alcohol or 0.2%-0.3% potassium permanganate solution on the bent guide rail, the cutting knife 201, the at least one skewer 501, and the cleaning device 6. The spraying device comprises a sterilization liquid tank and a movable spraying head connected to the sterilization liquid tank. After cutting one large potato, the bent guide rail, the cutting knife 201, the at least one skewer 501, and the cleaning device 6 can be disinfected.

[0061] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 10 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 , Figure 19 , Figure 21As shown, the germination unit 4 includes a conveying belt assembly 401 for conveying the baskets, a soil adding device for dosing soil into the baskets, and a basket filling device 403 for placing the potato pieces in the baskets. The conveying belt assembly 401 includes a set of driving rollers arranged in parallel, a conveying belt wound around the driving rollers, and a conveying motor for driving one of the driving rollers to rotate. The soil adding device includes a soil inlet hopper 402 and a first motor, and a butterfly valve is arranged in the hopper neck of the soil inlet hopper 402. The basket filling device 403 includes a horizontal rod 4031, both ends of the horizontal rod 4031 are provided with clamping devices 7 capable of adjusting the clamping distance for clamping the small potatoes or potato pieces, the horizontal rod 4031 is fixedly installed on the top of a vertical rod 4032, the vertical rod 4032 is fixedly installed on the top of a second cylinder 4033, the second cylinder 4033 is slidingly installed in a vertical cylinder body 4034, a vertical fifth telescopic device 4035 is arranged below the cylinder body 4034 for driving the second cylinder 4033 to slide up and down in the cylinder body 4034, the top end of the telescopic end of the fifth telescopic device 4035 is only in contact with the bottom of the second cylinder 4033 without being connected, so as not to affect the rotation of the second cylinder 4033, and two axisymmetric protrusions are arranged on the outer surface of the second cylinder 4033, a continuous arc-shaped slot 40341 is formed in the side wall of the cylinder body 4034 for the two protrusions to slide, and the continuous arc-shaped slot 40341 includes an ascending section for the two protrusions to slide and drive the second cylinder 4033 to rotate 180° when the two protrusions slide upward, and a descending section for the two protrusions to slide downward and drive the second cylinder 4033 to rotate by the same angle after being reversely rotated. When the two protrusions slide in the ascending section, the two protrusions drive the second cylinder 4033 to rotate clockwise and be positively rotated, and when the two protrusions reach the highest point, the second cylinder 4033 has been rotated clockwise by 180°. When the two protrusions slide in the descending section, the two protrusions drive the second cylinder 4033 to rotate counterclockwise and be reversely rotated by a small angle, then slide downward while keeping the angle, and finally rotate clockwise by the same small angle, so that when the two protrusions reach the lowest point, the rotation angle of the second cylinder 4033 does not change relative to the state before the descending.

[0062] The working principle of the present application is as follows: initially, the width of the falling gap is at a maximum, the first vertical motor 1014 is started, the first vertical motor 1014 drives the vertical lead screw 1015 to rotate, the cross connecting frame 1016 slides downward with the screw nut, the front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod both have relative rotation at both ends, the end of the front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod close to the cross connecting frame 1016 moves downward, the first rotating shaft 1017 and the second rotating shaft 1018 respectively slide in the limiting groove in the direction of the vertical lead screw 1015, at this time, the cross block also slides downward on the vertical rod, the third rotating shaft and the fourth rotating shaft also respectively slide in the limiting groove, so as to drive the front wall 103A and the rear wall 103B to slide synchronously on the first sliding rod 1012, the width of the falling gap becomes smaller, and when the width of the falling gap can retain large potatoes on the channel 101, small potatoes and discarded potatoes fall down, the first vertical motor 1014 is closed.

[0063] The coarsely sieved potatoes are poured into the potato inlet funnel 103, the potatoes naturally fall in the potato inlet funnel 103, fall on the horizontal channel, the telescopic end of the first telescopic member 102 is elongated, moves the potatoes from right to left, pushes away from the discharge port of the potato inlet funnel 103, and then the telescopic end is shortened, after the potato inlet funnel 103 is no longer blocked, the next potato will naturally fall down, the telescopic end of the first telescopic member 102 repeatedly elongates and shortens, the number of potatoes increases, and under the continuous movement of the first telescopic member 102, the potatoes move from the horizontal channel to the channel 101 from right to left, in the moving process, small potatoes and discarded potatoes fall into the falling gap, fall into the discharge channel 104 through the opening on the base frame, and roll into the potato collecting box 105 along the discharge channel 104;

[0064] The big potato continues to move under the pushing until it moves to the exit of the channel 101, the extension end of the seventh extension piece is extended to drive the pressing plate downward to press the big potato, the extension end of the first extension piece 102 is retracted and the potato is no longer pushed. At this time, the skewer 501 is towards the fixed big potato, the slide table 504 is at the leftmost end of the first slide rail 505, the extension end of the second extension piece 506 is extended to drive the slide table 504 to slide on the first slide rail 505 from left to right, the skewer 501 is pierced into the big potato, the big potato is pierced on the skewer 501, the extension end of the second extension piece 506 is shortened to drive the slide table 504 to slide on the first slide rail 505 from right to left, after the slide table 504 returns to the leftmost end of the first slide rail 505, the second vertical motor 507 is started to drive the rotating table 503 to rotate (at the same time, the first extension piece 102 continues to work to make the potato continue to move), from the perspective of the top view, the skewer 501 rotates counterclockwise by 90°, the big potato moves to the lower side of the identification piece 202, if the identification piece 202 identifies the bud eye, the extension end of the third extension piece 206 is extended to drive the cutting knife 201 to move forward to cut the big potato, at this time the cleaning plate 601 is at the frontmost end of the second slide rail 203, so when the cutting edge of the cutting knife 201 contacts the cleaning plate 601, the extension end of the third extension piece 206 starts to shorten to drive the cutting knife 201 to retreat, at this time the identification piece 202 does not identify the bud eye, the second motor drives the skewer 501 to rotate through the first cylinder, the big potato rotates after a certain angle and stops at this position, the identification piece 202 identifies the bud eye again, if there is a bud eye, the cutting knife 201 repeats the above process to cut, if there is no bud eye, the skewer 501 continues to rotate. After the output shaft of the second motor rotates one circle, the cutting of the big potato is completed, the extension end of the fourth extension piece 602 is extended to drive the cleaning plate 601 to move backward, because the shape and size of the U-shaped gap are matched with the three skewers 501, so the waste on the three skewers 501 will be pushed down from the skewers 501 under the pushing of the cleaning plate 601 and fall into the small discharge channel and then roll into the waste box, the potato pieces on the cutting knife 201 will fall to the bent guide rail from the rear side of the cutting knife 201 under the pushing of the new potato pieces. After the waste on the skewer 501 is removed, from the perspective of the top view, the skewer 501 rotates clockwise by 90° to continue towards the big potato on the channel 101 and repeat the above piercing and rotating movements.

[0065] At this time, the third motor rotates, driving the first gear and a threaded rod to rotate, and the second gear rotates with the first gear, driving the other threaded rod to rotate. From the front, the threaded rod on the left rotates counterclockwise, and the threaded rod on the right rotates clockwise, transporting the potato pieces backward. During the transportation process, the potato pieces will stick to the sterilization agent. When the potato pieces reach the rear side of the sterilization box 301, the extension end of the fifth telescopic member 4035 shortens, driving the second cylinder 4033 to descend and oscillate, and the clamping distance of the two clamping members 7 is the maximum value. One of the clamping members 7 is located above the potato pieces, and the other clamping member 7 is located above the basket on the conveying belt assembly 401. After descending to the lowest position, the extension end of the sixth telescopic member 701 shortens, driving the small bracket 702 to move upward, and the clamping jaws 703 slide synchronously towards each other, clamping the potato pieces. Subsequently, the extension end of the fifth telescopic member 4035 extends, driving the second cylinder 4033 to rise and rotate 180°, and the positions of the two clamping members 7 are exchanged. The clamping member 7 with the potato pieces is located above the basket, and the empty clamping member 7 is located above the sterilization box 301. The extension end of the sixth telescopic member 701 extends, releasing the clamping jaws, and the potato pieces fall into the basket. The conveying belt assembly 401 continues to transport the basket from left to right, reaching below the earth inlet funnel 402. The butterfly valve is opened, and the amount of earth falling is precisely controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the butterfly valve, achieving precision. After the earth is placed, the butterfly valve is closed, and the basket containing the earth and potato pieces is continuously transported to the right to the next process.

[0066] After all the large potatoes are screened and cut into pieces, the width of the falling gap is adjusted so that small potatoes can remain on the channel 101 and the discarded potatoes fall down. The small potatoes and discarded potatoes in the potato collection box 105 are poured into the potato inlet funnel 103, and the potato collection box 105 is placed back in its original position. At the same time, the waste box under the transfer member 5 is removed, and a new small potato box is placed on it. The above screening process is repeated, but the small potatoes will fall into the small potato box under the push. After screening is completed, the sterilization box 301 is removed, and the small potato box is placed in the original position of the sterilization box 301. The basket is filled by the basket filling member 403, and the above soil adding process is repeated after the basket is filled.

Claims

1. A potato automatic precision seed selection and germination device, characterized in that, The potato screening unit (1), the potato cutting unit (2) for cutting large potatoes to obtain potato pieces, the movable potato piece sterilization unit (3) below the potato cutting unit (2), and the germination unit (4) for loading soil and small potatoes or potato pieces into baskets; The screening unit (1) comprises a channel (101) with an adjustable width drop gap and a horizontal first telescopic member (102) for moving the potatoes on the channel (101) from the inlet to the outlet of the channel (101), and a discharge channel (104) is arranged below the drop gap, and the outlet of the discharge channel (104) extends into the movable potato collecting box (105); The outlet of the channel (101) is provided with a transfer member (5) between the cutting unit (2), the transfer member (5) comprises at least one horizontal spike (501) capable of piercing the large potato at the outlet of the channel (101) and a driving member (502) capable of rotating the at least one spike (501), and the at least one spike (501) and the driving member (502) are both installed on a rotating table (503) capable of rotating in a direction perpendicular to the ground, and the rotating table (503) is rotatably installed on a sliding table (504) capable of sliding left and right; The cutting unit (2) comprises a cutting knife (201) capable of moving forward and backward for cutting the large potato pierced by the at least one spike (501), and an identification member (202) for identifying the potato surface eye, and the rear end of the cutting knife (201) extends an extension part for placing the potato pieces; The cutting unit (2) is provided with a cleaning member (6) for removing the waste left after the large potato pierced by the at least one spike (501) is cut; The germination unit (4) comprises a conveyor belt assembly (401) for transporting baskets, a soil adding member for adding soil to the baskets, and a basket loading member (403) for loading the potato pieces in the potato piece sterilization unit (3) into the baskets; The transfer member (5) comprises a horizontal first slide rail (505) fixedly installed on the screening unit (1) for sliding the sliding table (504), and a second telescopic member (506) for driving the sliding table (504) to slide left and right is installed on the first slide rail (505); The bottom of the sliding table (504) is provided with a second vertical motor (507) for driving the rotating table (503) to rotate; The top of the rotating table (503) is fixedly provided with a square column (508), the driving member (502) comprises a horizontal first cylinder rotatably installed in the square column (508) and a second motor fixedly installed on the square column (508) for driving the first cylinder to rotate; The at least one spike (501) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the first cylinder away from the square column (508); The cutting unit (2) comprises a horizontal second sliding rail (203) fixedly installed at the rear side of the transfer member (5), a sliding plate (204) capable of sliding forward and backward on the second sliding rail (203) is installed on the second sliding rail (203), and a cutting knife (201) is fixedly installed on the top of the sliding plate (204); a fixed plate (205) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the second sliding rail (203), and a horizontal third telescopic member (206) for driving the sliding plate (204) to slide forward and backward is installed on the fixed plate (205); The cleaning member (6) comprises a cleaning plate (601) slidingly installed on the second sliding rail (203) and a horizontal fourth telescopic member (602) for driving the cleaning plate (601) to slide forward and backward; a U-shaped notch matching the shape and size of at least one skewer (501) is formed in the right side of the cleaning plate (601).

2. The automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potato according to claim 1, characterized in that, The channel (101) comprises a U-shaped frame (1011), the U-shaped frame (1011) comprises a left vertical plate, a right vertical plate and a horizontal plate, an opening for allowing potatoes to fall is formed in the horizontal plate, at least one horizontal first sliding rod (1012) is fixedly installed on the top of the left vertical plate and the right vertical plate away from each other, a front wall (103A) is jointly and slidingly installed on the front section of the at least one first sliding rod (1012) on the left vertical plate and the at least one first sliding rod (1012) on the right vertical plate, and a rear wall (103B) is jointly and slidingly installed on the rear section of the at least one first sliding rod (1012) on the left vertical plate and the at least one first sliding rod (1012) on the right vertical plate. The U-shaped frame (1011) is provided with a wall plate driving member for driving the front wall (103A) and the rear wall (103B) to move synchronously and oppositely or away from each other.

3. The automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potato according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wall plate driving member comprises a first vertical motor (1014) installed on the side of the left vertical plate away from the right vertical plate, a vertical lead screw (1015) coaxially and drivingly connected with the output shaft of the first vertical motor (1014) is arranged above the first vertical motor (1014), a lead screw nut is arranged on the vertical lead screw (1015), a cross connecting frame (1016) is arranged outside the lead screw nut, the front vertical end of the cross connecting frame (1016) is rotationally connected with one end of a front connecting rod, the end of the front connecting rod away from the cross connecting frame (1016) is rotationally connected with the left end of the front wall (103A) through a first rotating shaft (1017), the rear vertical end of the cross connecting frame (1016) is rotationally connected with one end of a rear connecting rod, the end of the rear connecting rod away from the cross connecting frame (1016) is rotationally connected with the left end of the rear wall (103B) through a second rotating shaft (1018), and two limiting grooves for allowing the first rotating shaft (1017) and the second rotating shaft (1018) to slide forward and backward are formed in the left vertical plate.

4. The automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potato according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The cutting knife (201) comprises two flat blades, the distance between the two flat blades gradually decreases from top to bottom, an arc-shaped blade is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the two flat blades, and the convex surface of the arc-shaped blade faces the two flat blades.

5. The automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potato according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The soil adding member comprises an earth inlet funnel (402), and a butterfly valve is arranged in the funnel neck of the earth inlet funnel (402).

6. The automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potato according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The basket loading device (403) comprises a horizontal rod (4031), the two ends of the horizontal rod (4031) are both provided with a clamping device (7) capable of adjusting the clamping distance for clamping the small potatoes or potato pieces, the horizontal rod (4031) is fixedly installed on the top of a vertical rod (4032), the vertical rod (4032) is fixedly installed on the top of a second cylinder (4033), the second cylinder (4033) is slidingly installed in a vertical cylinder body (4034), a vertical fifth telescopic device (4035) for driving the second cylinder (4033) to slide up and down in the cylinder body (4034) is arranged below the cylinder body (4034), the outer surface of the second cylinder (4033) is provided with two axisymmetric protrusions, a continuous arc-shaped slot (40341) for sliding the two protrusions is formed in the sidewall of the cylinder body (4034), the continuous arc-shaped slot (40341) comprises a rising section for driving the second cylinder (4033) to rotate 180° when the two protrusions slide upward and a falling section for driving the second cylinder (4033) to rotate at a constant angle when the two protrusions slide downward.

7. The automatic precision seed selection and germination device for potato according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping device (7) comprises a vertical sixth telescopic device (701) fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal rod (4031), the telescopic end of the sixth telescopic device (701) penetrates through the horizontal rod (4031), and the top end of the telescopic end of the sixth telescopic device (701) is fixedly installed with a small support (702); a pair of clamping jaws (703) capable of synchronously sliding towards or away from each other along the horizontal rod (4031) is arranged on the bottom of the horizontal rod (4031), and the clamping jaws (703) are respectively hinged to the small support (702) through small connecting rods.

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