A hob that facilitates blade positioning and installation

Abstract

This invention discloses a hob for easy blade positioning and installation, relating to the field of gear machining tool technology. It includes a hob body, a tool holder, and cutting inserts. The hob body is cylindrical, with several axially extending slots on its outer circumferential surface. The tool holder is detachably inserted into the slots, and its two ends are fixed to the hob body by fasteners. The cutting inserts are detachably mounted on the tool holder. The bottom surface of the tool holder has a first limiting structure, and the bottom surface of the slots has a second limiting structure with a shape complementary to the first limiting structure. The first and second limiting structures are continuously or segmentally arranged along the entire axial length of the tool holder. The cooperation of the first and second limiting structures supports and limits the middle section of the tool holder, ensuring uniform force distribution and preventing breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear machining cutting tool technology, and in particular to a hob that facilitates the positioning and installation of the cutting tool. Background Technology

[0002] Gear hobbing is one of the most widely used cutting processes in gear manufacturing. Currently, hobs that are easy to position and install cutting inserts are usually made of solid high-speed steel or solid carbide, with the cutting edge directly on the hob body. Although this type of solid hob has a simple structure, after the cutting edge wears, the entire tool needs to be removed for re-sharpening, recoating, or scrapped, resulting in long production auxiliary time and high operating costs.

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of integral hobs, existing technologies have developed hobs with replaceable inserts for easier insert positioning and installation. One typical replaceable insert structure involves creating several slots along the outer circumference of the hob body, and then fixing a tool holder containing the inserts to both ends of the slots with bolts. The entire row of inserts can be replaced by changing the tool holder. While this solution achieves rapid insert replacement, during high-speed, heavy-load cutting, the tool holder relies solely on the bolts at both ends for locking, lacking effective support and restraint in the middle section. This results in uneven stress on the tool holder in the radial and circumferential directions, making it prone to bending deformation or even breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hob that facilitates the positioning and installation of the blade, and can support and limit the middle section of the blade holder, so that the force on the blade holder is uniform and avoids breakage.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a hob that facilitates the positioning and installation of the cutting blade, comprising a hob body, a clamp, and a cutting blade; the hob body is cylindrical, and its outer circumferential surface is provided with a plurality of axially extending slots; the clamp is detachably placed into the slots, and its two ends are fixed to the hob body by fasteners; the cutting blade is detachably installed in the clamp; wherein, the bottom surface of the clamp is provided with a first limiting structure, and the bottom surface of the slot is provided with a second limiting structure that is complementary in shape to the first limiting structure, and the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are continuously or segmentally arranged along the entire axial length of the clamp.

[0006] Furthermore, the first limiting structure is a protruding rib protruding outward from the bottom surface of the tool holder, and the second limiting structure is a groove correspondingly provided on the bottom surface of the slot. The protruding rib slides into the groove along the axial direction to lock.

[0007] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the convex strip and the groove can be any one of the following: dovetail, inverted T, arc, or rectangle.

[0008] Furthermore, the first limiting structure includes elastic mechanisms disposed on both sides of the tool holder, and the second limiting structure is a corresponding slot disposed on both sides of the slot. When the tool holder is inserted, the elastic mechanism retracts inward and springs back into the slot.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic mechanism is integrally formed with the blade holder. The elastic mechanism includes an inverted U-shaped plate located at the bottom of the blade holder, with protrusions on both sides along the length direction. The protrusions are fixed in place with the slots.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the blade holder is provided with a receiving cavity, and the elastic mechanism is assembled in the receiving cavity as an independent component. The elastic mechanism includes a spring block and a spring sheet. A guide hole is provided on the side wall of the receiving cavity. The spring block is slidably installed on the guide hole. The spring sheet is V-shaped. The middle part of the spring sheet abuts against the spring block, and the two ends of the spring sheet abut against the receiving cavity wall on the opposite side of the guide hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the cavity is provided with several blocks, which are spaced apart from the side walls of the cavity, and the end of the spring is located between the blocks and the side walls of the cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the side of the blade holder is provided with a third limiting structure, and the side of the slot is provided with a corresponding fourth limiting structure. The shapes of the third limiting structure and the fourth limiting structure are complementary.

[0013] Furthermore, the third limiting structure includes a spring and two movable buckles. The knife clamp has mounting holes that pass through both sides, the movable buckles are located in the mounting holes, and the spring is connected between the two movable buckles. The fourth limiting structure is a slot on both sides of the slot, and the movable buckles can be slidably inserted into the slot.

[0014] Furthermore, the hob body has end caps at both ends, which seal the two ends of the slot.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by setting a first limiting structure on the bottom surface of the tool holder and a second limiting structure on the bottom surface of the slot, the shapes of the first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are complementary, so that the tool holder locks into the slot, forming a support and limiting on the middle section of the tool holder, thereby making the force on the tool holder more uniform during high-speed cutting and avoiding tool holder breakage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the end cap omitted.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hobbing cutter body in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the knife clip in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a front view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention with the end cap omitted.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a front view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention with the end cap omitted.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the blade holder in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a front view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention with the end cap omitted.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the blade clip structure in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the knife clip in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Hob body; 2. Cutter holder; 3. Cutting insert; 4. Fastener; 5. End cap; 6. First limiting structure; 7. Slot; 8. Second limiting structure; 9. U-shaped plate; 10. Protrusion; 11. Third limiting structure; 12. Fourth limiting structure; 13. Receiving cavity; 14. Spring block; 15. Spring piece; 16. Stop block; 17. Guide hole; 18. Spring; 19. Movable buckle; 20. Mounting hole; 21. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0028] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example 1: As Figures 1-4 As shown, the hob for easy blade positioning and installation in this embodiment includes a hob body 1, a cutter holder 2, and a cutting blade 3. The hob body 1 is cylindrical, and its outer circumferential surface is provided with a plurality of axially extending slots 7. The cutter holder 2 is detachably placed into the slots 7, and both ends are fixed to the hob body 1 by fasteners 4, which can be bolts. The cutting blade 3 is detachably installed in the cutter holder 2. The bottom surface of the cutter holder 2 is provided with a first limiting structure 6, and the bottom surface of the slots 7 is provided with a second limiting structure 8 that is complementary in shape to the first limiting structure 6. The first limiting structure 6 and the second limiting structure 8 are continuous along the entire axial length of the cutter holder 2.

[0030] In order to make the cutter clip 2 more stably installed in the slot 7 of the hob body 1, end caps 5 are provided at both ends of the hob body 1, and the end caps 5 seal the two ends of the slot 7.

[0031] Specifically, the first limiting structure 6 is a protruding rib extending outward from the bottom surface of the tool holder 2, and the second limiting structure 8 is a corresponding groove set on the bottom surface of the slot 7. The protruding rib slides into the groove axially and locks in place. The cross-sectional shape of the protruding rib and the groove is inverted T-shaped. During installation, the tool holder 2 is slidably inserted into the slot 7 from one end, and the protruding rib and the groove are engaged and connected. Based on this structure, the inverted T-shaped protruding rib engages with the entire length of the groove, and the middle section of the tool holder 2 is subjected to force and limited, which helps to prevent the middle section of the tool holder 2 from deforming or breaking due to cantilever stress.

[0032] Example 2: As Figure 5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the hob in this embodiment, which facilitates the positioning and installation of the cutting tool, has deformed the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion and the groove. Specifically, the cross-section in this embodiment is set as a dovetail shape, forming a constraint in the radial direction. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion and the groove can also be arc-shaped or rectangular, which can form a first limiting structure 6 and a second limiting structure 8 to cooperate and limit the middle section of the tool holder 2, so as to prevent the middle section of the tool holder 2 from deforming or breaking during high-speed cutting.

[0033] Example 3: As Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the difference between the hob for easy blade positioning and installation in this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiments 1 and 2 is that the first limiting structure 6 includes elastic mechanisms disposed on both sides of the blade holder 2, and the second limiting structure 8 is a slot 21 corresponding to the two side walls of the slot 7. When the blade holder 2 is inserted, the elastic mechanism retracts inward and springs back into the slot 21.

[0034] Specifically, the elastic mechanism is integrally formed with the cutter holder 2. The elastic mechanism includes an inverted U-shaped plate 9 located at the bottom of the cutter holder 2. The U-shaped plate 9 is segmented along the length of the cutter holder 2, which can reserve heat dissipation space in the slot 7 to reduce thermal stress. Both sides of the U-shaped plate 9 are provided with protrusions 10 along the length direction. The protrusions 10 are fixed in place with the slots 21. The cross-sections of the protrusions 10 and the slots 21 are semi-circular. During installation, it can be inserted into the slot 7 radially from the cutter body 1.

[0035] Example 4: Figures 8-10As shown, the hob for easy blade positioning and installation in this embodiment differs from that in embodiment 3 in that the blade holder 2 has a receiving cavity 13 at its bottom, and the elastic mechanism is assembled as an independent component within the receiving cavity 13. Several elastic mechanisms are provided on both sides, spaced apart and staggered from each other. The elastic mechanism includes a spring block 14 and a spring piece 15. A guide hole 17 is provided on the side wall of the receiving cavity 13, and the spring block 14 is slidably mounted on the guide hole 17. The spring piece 15 is V-shaped, with its middle part abutting against the spring block 14, and its two ends abutting against the wall of the receiving cavity 13 on the opposite side of the guide hole 17. To limit the range of motion of the two ends of the spring piece 15, several stop blocks 16 are provided inside the receiving cavity 13, with the stop blocks 16 and the side wall of the receiving cavity 13 spaced apart, and the ends of the spring pieces 15 located between the stop blocks 16 and the side wall of the receiving cavity 13. Similarly, during installation, the cutter can be inserted radially into the slot 7 from the cutter body 1. Once in place, the spring block 14 is engaged in the slot 21 by the action of the spring piece 15, thereby improving installation efficiency.

[0036] In addition, in this embodiment, the side of the blade clip 2 is provided with a third limiting structure 11, and the side of the slot 7 is provided with a corresponding fourth limiting structure 12. The third limiting structure 11 and the fourth limiting structure 12 are complementary in shape.

[0037] Specifically, the third limiting structure 11 includes a spring 18 and two movable buckles 19. The knife clip 2 has mounting holes 20 extending through both sides, and the movable buckles 19 are located within the mounting holes 20. The spring 18 connects the two movable buckles 19. The fourth limiting structure 12 is a slot on each side wall of the slot 7, and the movable buckles 19 can slide into the slot. Generally, steps are provided at both ends of the mounting holes 20 to prevent the movable buckles 19 from completely disengaging from the mounting holes 20. In this embodiment, by adding the third limiting structure 11 and the fourth limiting structure 12, together with the first limiting structure 6 and the second limiting structure 8, a multi-point upper and lower limiting is formed, resulting in stronger overall stability, more uniform force distribution, and a significant reduction in the risk of loosening and breakage.

[0038] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hobbing cutter for easy blade positioning and installation, characterized in that, include: The hob body is cylindrical, and its outer circumferential surface is provided with several axially extending slots. The cutter holder is detachably inserted into the slot and fixed to the hob body at both ends by fasteners; The cutting blade is detachably mounted to the tool holder; The bottom surface of the tool holder is provided with a first limiting structure, and the bottom surface of the slot is provided with a second limiting structure that is complementary in shape to the first limiting structure. The first limiting structure and the second limiting structure are continuously or segmented along the entire axial length of the tool holder. The first limiting structure includes elastic mechanisms disposed on both sides of the blade holder, and the second limiting structure is a slot corresponding to the two side walls of the slot. When the blade holder is inserted, the elastic mechanism retracts inward and springs back to engage with the slot. The bottom of the blade holder is provided with a receiving cavity, and the elastic mechanism is assembled in the receiving cavity as an independent component. The elastic mechanism includes a spring block and a spring sheet. A guide hole is provided on the side wall of the receiving cavity. The spring block is slidably installed on the guide hole. The spring sheet is V-shaped. The middle part of the spring sheet abuts against the spring block, and the two ends of the spring sheet abut against the receiving cavity wall opposite to the guide hole.

2. The hobbing cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The accommodating cavity is provided with several baffles, which are spaced apart from the side walls of the accommodating cavity. The end of the spring piece is located between the baffles and the side walls of the accommodating cavity.

3. The hobbing cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the blade holder is provided with a third limiting structure, and the side of the slot is provided with a corresponding fourth limiting structure. The third limiting structure and the fourth limiting structure are complementary in shape.

4. The hobbing cutter according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third limiting structure includes a spring and two movable buckles. The knife clamp has mounting holes that pass through both sides. The movable buckles are located in the mounting holes. The spring is connected between the two movable buckles. The fourth limiting structure is a slot on both sides of the slot. The movable buckles can be slidably inserted into the slot.

5. The hobbing cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hob body has end caps at both ends, which seal the two ends of the slot.

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