Waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system and method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of fly ash treatment, and discloses a waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system and a method thereof.The system comprises a treatment cylinder, a cylinder is arranged in the middle of the interior of the treatment cylinder, the interior of the treatment cylinder is divided into a low-temperature cavity and a high-temperature cavity through the cylinder, and a treatment assembly is arranged in the cylinder; the piston plate can move up and down in the cylinder, fly ash in a low-temperature cavity and fly ash in a high-temperature cavity are absorbed into the cylinder to be premixed in a small amount and multiple batches, and full stirring, mixing and contact of the fly ash, a catalyst and protective gas are greatly promoted through revolution and autorotation of a plurality of movable parts, a rotating plate and a second folding part; the low-temperature organic chlorine decomposition efficiency can be improved; and finally, the gas in the cylinder is spirally sprayed into the low-temperature cavity or the high-temperature cavity by utilizing revolution and autorotation of the movable part, so that comprehensive and sufficient contact of the fly ash with a catalyst and protective gas is improved, and improvement of the efficiency and quality of fly ash dechlorination is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field related to fly ash treatment, and more specifically, relates to a garbage incineration fly ash dechlorination system and method. Background Art

[0002] Due to the rapid development of domestic waste incineration power generation projects in my country, approximately 2.52 billion tons of domestic waste are currently incinerated each year, generating more than 10 million tons of fly ash. However, 80% of this fly ash is disposed of in landfills, posing a significant environmental risk. Waste incineration fly ash is a solid residue generated during the incineration process and contains high concentrations of chloride salts (such as NaCl, KCl, and CaCl2), heavy metals (such as Pb, Cd, and Zn), and dioxins, among other harmful substances. The presence of chlorine can seriously affect the subsequent treatment of fly ash. However, existing fly ash treatment technologies have the following drawbacks: In the existing technology, common fly ash dechlorination methods include: water washing method: soluble chloride salts are leached out through water, but the water consumption is large and high-salt wastewater is produced; chemical stabilization (such as phosphoric acid stabilization), but it cannot completely dechlorinate; high-temperature sintering / melting: high energy consumption and may cause heavy metal volatilization; pyrolysis method, as an emerging technology, can achieve volatilization and separation of chlorine at a lower temperature (500-800°C) while avoiding secondary pollution of heavy metals, which has significant advantages; and it can achieve volatilization and removal of chlorine elements in fly ash, thereby reducing the chlorine content in fly ash, meeting the requirements for recycling, reducing corrosion to the incinerator, and reducing the operation and maintenance costs of the incinerator. The use of low-temperature pyrolysis (compared to the melting method above 1200°C) reduces energy consumption by 30-40% and reduces carbon emissions.

[0003] In the prior art, waste incineration fly ash dechlorination systems typically utilize the addition of catalysts and protective gases to assist in pyrolysis in order to improve the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction when dechlorinating fly ash. However, current catalyst addition structures typically introduce catalysts from the outer wall or from above to assist in pyrolysis, resulting in insufficient contact between the catalyst and the chlorine element in the fly ash, thereby affecting the efficiency and quality of fly ash dechlorination.

[0004] In the prior art, waste incineration fly ash dechlorination systems usually include a stirring structure to enhance the contact between fly ash and added catalysts. However, the current stirring structure is relatively simple and cannot be used to promote the full contact between fly ash and added catalysts, thereby affecting the efficiency of fly ash dechlorination.

[0005] Therefore, in view of this, the existing structure and defects are studied and improved, and a garbage incineration fly ash dechlorination system and method are provided to achieve a more practical and valuable purpose. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a garbage incineration fly ash dechlorination system and method thereof, which are used to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.

[0007] The purpose and efficacy of the waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system and method of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means: A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system comprises a treatment cylinder, wherein a cylinder is provided in the middle of the treatment cylinder, the interior of the treatment cylinder is divided into a low-temperature chamber and a high-temperature chamber by the cylinder, and a treatment assembly is provided inside the cylinder; the treatment assembly comprises a piston plate, a plurality of first circular plates are rotatably provided on the piston plate, a movable part is respectively provided on both sides of the first circular plate, a groove is respectively provided on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the movable part, an L-shaped block is rotatably provided in the groove, a first folding part is connected between one side of the L-shaped block and one side of the groove, a plurality of rotating plates are rotatably provided on the planes of both sides of the movable part, a second folding part is connected between one side of the rotating plate and a plane of one side of the movable part, a disc is rotatably provided on the inner wall of each end of the cylinder, a plurality of second circular plates are rotatably provided on the disc, a through opening is provided on the second circular plate, and two slides are symmetrically slidably provided inside the through opening, a first one-way valve is provided on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the end of the movable part close to the first circular plate, and a plurality of spray valves are provided on the planes on both sides of the end of the movable part away from the first circular plate.

[0008] A further technical solution is that a first torsion spring is provided at the rotational connection between the L-shaped block and the groove, a second torsion spring is provided at the rotational connection between the rotating plate and the movable part, the cross-section of the movable part is an isosceles trapezoidal structure, a plurality of second one-way valves are provided in a circular array on the disc, the low-temperature chamber is located above the high-temperature chamber, the piston plate slides in the cylinder, a plurality of springs are provided between the two ends of the through port on the sides away from each other, and the two sides of the sliding plates approaching each other are in sliding contact with the inclined surfaces on both sides of one end of the movable part.

[0009] According to a further technical solution, an outer gear ring is provided on the outer wall of the second circular plate, and the outer gear ring rotates inside the disc. An inner gear ring is fixedly provided on the inner walls at both ends of the cylinder, and the outer wall of the outer gear ring is meshed with the inner wall of the inner gear ring, and the inner gear ring is in an annular sliding contact inside the disc.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the interior of the cylinder is separated by the piston plate into a first processing chamber and a second processing chamber, the lower end of the processing cylinder is provided with a base, and a catalyst cylinder and a protective gas cylinder are provided on the upper side of one end of the base, a first U-shaped tube is connected between the catalyst cylinder and the protective gas cylinder, a second U-shaped tube is connected between the two ends of the first U-shaped tube, a first connecting tube is provided in the middle part of the second U-shaped tube and is connected to the first processing chamber, a second connecting tube is provided in the middle part of the first U-shaped tube and is connected to the second processing chamber, and a third connecting tube is provided between the low-temperature chamber and the high-temperature chamber.

[0011] A further technical solution is that an end cover is provided at the upper end of the processing cylinder, a stepper motor is installed on the upper side of the end cover, a movable tube is provided for rotation inside the cylinder, a spline block is provided on the outer wall of the output end of the stepper motor, a spline groove is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the movable tube, the spline block slides axially in the spline groove, and the outer wall of the output end of the stepper motor is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the upper end of the movable tube.

[0012] A further technical solution is that a sleeve is provided at the lower end of the interior of the high-temperature chamber, and the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a spiral groove interconnected at the head and tail, and a slider is provided on one side of the outer wall of the lower end of the movable tube, and the slider slides spirally in the spiral groove, the outer wall of the movable tube is fixedly connected to the piston plate, and the outer wall of the movable tube is in sliding contact with the disc.

[0013] A further technical solution is that a plurality of first guide plates are provided in a circular array on the outer wall of the upper end of the movable tube, and the plurality of first guide plates are located in the low-temperature cavity; a plurality of second guide plates are provided in a circular array on the outer wall of the lower end of the movable tube, and the plurality of second guide plates are located in the high-temperature cavity.

[0014] According to a further technical solution, a plurality of first heaters are provided on the inner wall of the low-temperature chamber, and a plurality of second heaters are provided on the inner wall of the high-temperature chamber.

[0015] According to a further technical solution, an inlet pipe is provided on the upper portion of the treatment cylinder, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on one side of the lower portion of the treatment cylinder. The inlet pipe is connected to the low-temperature chamber, and the high-temperature chamber is connected to the electromagnetic valve.

[0016] A method for dechlorinating fly ash from garbage incineration comprises the following steps: S1: Fly ash pretreatment, including screening and drying of fly ash to remove impurities and moisture and improve pyrolysis efficiency; S2: Low-temperature treatment primarily removes organic chlorine (such as dioxins) from fly ash by decomposing it into HCl gas and low-toxic carbon compounds through pyrolysis. The lower temperature at this stage prevents premature volatilization of inorganic chlorine and reduces energy consumption. Rapid pyrolysis of volatile organic compounds reduces the amount of chlorine fixed in the coke. The low-temperature pyrolysis (compared to the melting method at temperatures above 1200°C) reduces energy consumption by 30-40%, reducing carbon emissions. S3: High-temperature decomposition, focusing on the decomposition of inorganic chlorine (such as CaCl2, NaCl, etc.). The high temperature causes the inorganic chloride salts to volatilize or convert them into gaseous chlorine compounds (such as HCl), further improving the dechlorination rate. The temperature in this stage is close to the optimal dechlorination temperature (800°C) of calcium-based absorbents (such as Ca(OH)2), and the catalyst efficiently vaporizes the chlorine element and decomposes dioxin precursors at the same time. S4: Product treatment: the low-chlorine fly ash after pyrolysis is mixed into balls and then re-entered into the incinerator. Microwave heating is used to increase the pyrolysis rate and reduce energy consumption. The chlorine element in the fly ash is volatilized and removed, so that the chlorine content in the fly ash is reduced to meet the requirements for recycling, reduce corrosion to the incinerator, and reduce the operation and maintenance costs of the incinerator. S5: Chlorine recovery: the chlorine-containing gas produced by pyrolysis is passed into NaOH solution to prepare industrial NaCl.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system of this invention utilizes a graded pyrolysis process to remove organic chlorine at low temperatures, followed by inorganic chlorine at high temperatures, optimizing treatment efficiency for fly ash from different sources. A catalyst-assisted pyrolysis reaction is used to regulate the pyrolysis reaction, increasing the chlorine removal rate and reducing the difficulty of subsequent treatment. Furthermore, by optimizing the pyrolysis temperature (600-750°C), chlorine in the fly ash is volatilized and removed, reducing the chlorine content, meeting recycling requirements, minimizing incinerator corrosion, and lowering incinerator operation and maintenance costs. Furthermore, the low-temperature pyrolysis (compared to the melting method at temperatures above 1200°C) reduces energy consumption by 30-40%, thereby reducing carbon emissions. Finally, pyrolysis under a protective gas atmosphere suppresses the volatilization of heavy metals (Pb and Cd), minimizing secondary pollution.

[0018] The present invention utilizes a movable member, a rotating plate, a second folding member, and a second torsion spring. Under the elastic force of the second torsion spring, the rotating plate rotates, stretching and expanding the second folding member. Rotation of the movable tube drives the piston plate, which in turn drives the orbital revolution of the movable members. This orbital revolution of the movable members drives the orbital revolution of the rotating plate and the second folding member, thereby thoroughly stirring and mixing the fly ash within the first treatment chamber with the catalyst and protective gas, thereby achieving batch-wise premixing of the fly ash. Furthermore, through the configuration of an outer gear ring and an inner gear ring, the movable members rotate around the movable tube, driving the circular disc. This rotation of the disc drives the second circular plates and the outer gear ring around the movable tube. The outer wall of the outer gear ring meshes with the inner wall of the inner gear ring, causing the second circular plates to rotate. The rotation of the second circular plates drives the rotation of the movable members, which in turn drives the rotating plate and the second folding member. The orbital and autorotation of the movable members, the rotating plate, and the second folding member significantly promotes thorough stirring and mixing of the fly ash, the catalyst, and protective gas within the first treatment chamber, thereby improving the efficiency of organic chlorine decomposition at low temperatures.

[0019] The present invention provides a waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system. Through the arrangement of a first one-way valve, a spray valve, a movable pipe, and a piston plate, the piston plate moves upward to allow the gas in the first processing chamber to enter the movable part through the first one-way valve, and the gas in the movable part is sprayed into the first processing chamber through a plurality of spray valves. One end of the movable part moves in the first processing chamber, which is conducive to the catalyst and protective gas in the movable part moving from bottom to top inside the first processing chamber and continuously spraying out. The rotation of the movable pipe drives the piston plate to rotate, and the rotation of the piston plate drives the first circular plate and the movable part to revolve. The gases in the movable parts are sprayed out in a spiral manner by utilizing the revolution and self-rotation of the plurality of movable parts, so that the catalyst and protective gas are sprayed out in a spiral manner from bottom to top into the first processing chamber through the plurality of spray valves, greatly promoting full contact between the fly ash, the catalyst, and the protective gas. Then, through the arrangement of the L-shaped block and the first folding part, the movable tube moves upward to drive the piston plate to move upward, the piston plate moves upward to drive several movable parts to move upward, and the movable parts move upward to drive the L-shaped block to move upward, so that one end of the L-shaped block is supported by the slide, thereby causing the L-shaped block to rotate to unfold the first folding part. The expansion of the first folding part increases the contact area between the movable part and the gas in the first processing chamber, which is beneficial to improving the effect of the revolution and rotation of the movable part on the stirring and mixing of fly ash, catalyst and protective gas in the first processing chamber, quickly pyrolyzing volatile organic compounds, and reducing the fixation of chlorine elements in the coke.

[0020] The present invention relates to a waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system. The system first utilizes a movable tube to rotate a piston plate, which in turn moves up and down, thereby driving the piston plate up and down. This causes the piston plate to rotate and move up and down, allowing the catalyst in the catalyst cartridge and the shielding gas in the shielding gas cartridge to be transported via a first U-shaped tube and a second connecting tube into a second treatment chamber, allowing the fly ash, catalyst, and shielding gas to be pre-mixed within the second treatment chamber. Furthermore, the system utilizes a plurality of movable parts, a rotating plate, and a second folding member to revolve and rotate, promoting thorough mixing and contact between the fly ash, catalyst, and shielding gas within the second treatment chamber. The gas within the second treatment chamber is then continuously ejected from top to bottom in a spiral pattern into the second treatment chamber through a plurality of spray valves, achieving full and comprehensive contact between the fly ash, catalyst, and shielding gas within the high-temperature chamber and minimizing inadequate contact. Furthermore, the system utilizes a plurality of movable parts, an L-shaped block, and a first folding member to revolve and rotate, significantly enhancing thorough contact between the fly ash, catalyst, and shielding gas within the high-temperature chamber, improving the effectiveness and quality of fly ash dechlorination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a first isometric structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a second isometric structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an isometric structural diagram of the internal structure of the treatment cylinder in the present invention; Figure 5 This is a first isometric structural diagram of the movable part in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a second isometric structural diagram of the movable part in the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the sleeve in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle; Figure 10 for Figure 9Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at G in the middle; Figure 11 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at the middle BB; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at H in the middle; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the first top view of the cylinder in the present invention; Figure 15 for Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure at CC in the middle; Figure 16 for Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at L in the middle; Figure 17 for Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at DD in the middle; Figure 18 This is a second top view structural diagram of the cylinder in the present invention; Figure 19 for Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at EE in the middle; Figure 20 It is a front view structural diagram of the movable part in the present invention; Figure 21 for Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at FF in the middle.

[0024] Description of reference numerals: Processing cylinder 10, end cover 11, inlet pipe 12, cylinder 13, low temperature chamber 14, high temperature chamber 15, first heater 16, second heater 17, movable tube 18, sleeve 19, spiral chute 20, first guide plate 21, second guide plate 22, piston plate 23, first processing chamber 24, second processing chamber 25, first circular plate 26, movable part 27, groove 28, L-shaped block 29, first folding part 30, disc 31, second circular plate 32, outer gear ring 33, inner gear Wheel ring 34, slide plate 35, spring 36, slider 37, stepper motor 38, spline block 39, spline groove 40, first one-way valve 41, spray valve 42, rotating plate 43, second folding part 44, first torsion spring 45, second torsion spring 46, second one-way valve 47, base 48, catalyst cylinder 49, protective gas cylinder 50, first U-shaped tube 51, second U-shaped tube 52, first connecting tube 53, second connecting tube 54, third connecting tube 55, solenoid valve 56, and port 57. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more; terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," and "tail" indicate positions or relationships based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] As attached Figure 1 To the attached Figure 21 As shown: The invention provides a garbage incineration fly ash dechlorination system.

[0029] Refer to the attached Figure 1 To the attached Figure 21, including a processing cylinder 10, a cylinder 13 is provided in the middle of the processing cylinder 10, the interior of the processing cylinder 10 is divided into a low-temperature chamber 14 and a high-temperature chamber 15 by the cylinder 13, and a processing component is provided inside the cylinder 13; the processing component includes a piston plate 23, a plurality of first circular plates 26 are rotatably provided on the piston plate 23, a movable part 27 is provided on both sides of the first circular plate 26, a groove 28 is provided on the inclined surface of both sides of the movable part 27, an L-shaped block 29 is rotatably provided in the groove 28, a first folding part 30 is connected between one side of the L-shaped block 29 and one side of the groove 28, and the movable part 2 7 are rotatably provided with a plurality of rotating plates 43 on both sides of the plane, and a second folding member 44 is connected between one side of the rotating plate 43 and a side plane of the movable member 27. A disc 31 is rotatably provided on the inner wall of each end of the cylinder 13, and a plurality of second circular plates 32 are rotatably provided on the disc 31. The second circular plate 32 is provided with a through opening 57, and two slides 35 are symmetrically slidably provided inside the through opening 57. A first one-way valve 41 is provided on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the end of the movable member 27 close to the first circular plate 26, and a plurality of spray valves 42 are provided on the planes on both sides of the end of the movable member 27 away from the first circular plate 26.

[0030] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 9 , Attachment Figure 14 To the attached Figure 16 , Attachment Figure 21 A first torsion spring 45 is provided at the rotational connection between the L-shaped block 29 and the groove 28, and a second torsion spring 46 is provided at the rotational connection between the rotating plate 43 and the movable part 27. The cross-section of the movable part 27 is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. A plurality of second one-way valves 47 are provided in a circular array on the disk 31. The low-temperature chamber 14 is located above the high-temperature chamber 15. The piston plate 23 slides in the cylinder 13. A plurality of springs 36 are connected between the two ends of the through-port 57 on the sides away from each other, and the two sides of the two slides 35 that are close to each other are in sliding contact with the inclined surfaces on both sides of one end of the movable part 27.

[0031] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 16 An outer gear ring 33 is provided on the outer wall of the second circular plate 32, and the outer gear ring 33 rotates inside the disc 31. An inner gear ring 34 is fixedly provided on the inner walls of both ends of the cylinder 13. The outer wall of the outer gear ring 33 is meshed with the inner wall of the inner gear ring 34, and the inner gear ring 34 is in an annular sliding contact inside the disc 31.

[0032] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 9 , Attachment Figure 14The interior of the cylinder 13 is separated by a piston plate 23 to form a first processing chamber 24 and a second processing chamber 25. A base 48 is provided at the lower end of the processing cylinder 10. A catalyst cylinder 49 and a protective gas cylinder 50 are provided on the upper side of one end of the base 48. A first U-shaped tube 51 is connected between the catalyst cylinder 49 and the protective gas cylinder 50. A second U-shaped tube 52 is connected between the two ends of the first U-shaped tube 51. The middle part of the second U-shaped tube 52 is connected to the first processing chamber 24 by a first connecting tube 53. The middle part of the first U-shaped tube 51 is connected to the second processing chamber 25 by a second connecting tube 54. A third connecting tube 55 is connected between the low-temperature chamber 14 and the high-temperature chamber 15.

[0033] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 2 To the attached Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 13 The upper end of the processing cylinder 10 is provided with an end cover 11, and a stepping motor 38 is installed on the upper side of the end cover 11. A movable tube 18 is provided for rotation inside the cylinder 13. A spline block 39 is provided on the outer wall of the output end of the stepping motor 38, and a spline groove 40 is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the movable tube 18. The spline block 39 slides axially in the spline groove 40, and the outer wall of the output end of the stepping motor 38 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the upper end of the movable tube 18.

[0034] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 7 , Attachment Figure 10 , Attachment Figure 15 A sleeve 19 is provided at the lower end of the high-temperature chamber 15. The inner wall of the sleeve 19 is provided with a spiral groove 20 that is interconnected at the head and tail. A slider 37 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the lower end of the movable tube 18. The slider 37 slides spirally in the spiral groove 20. The outer wall of the movable tube 18 is fixedly connected to the piston plate 23, and the outer wall of the movable tube 18 is in sliding contact with the disc 31.

[0035] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 9 A plurality of first guide plates 21 are provided in a circular array on the outer wall of the upper end of the movable tube 18, and the plurality of first guide plates 21 are located in the low-temperature chamber 14. A plurality of second guide plates 22 are provided in a circular array on the outer wall of the lower end of the movable tube 18, and the plurality of second guide plates 22 are located in the high-temperature chamber 15.

[0036] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 12 The inner wall of the low-temperature chamber 14 is provided with a plurality of first heaters 16 , and the inner wall of the high-temperature chamber 15 is provided with a plurality of second heaters 17 .

[0037] Preferably, refer to the attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 9 An inlet pipe 12 is provided at the upper portion of the treatment cylinder 10 , and an electromagnetic valve 56 is provided on one side of the lower portion of the treatment cylinder 10 . The inlet pipe 12 is connected to the low-temperature chamber 14 , and the high-temperature chamber 15 is connected to the electromagnetic valve 56 .

[0038] A method for dechlorinating fly ash from garbage incineration comprises the following steps: S1: Fly ash pretreatment, including screening and drying of fly ash to remove impurities and moisture and improve pyrolysis efficiency; S2: Low-temperature treatment primarily removes organic chlorine (such as dioxins) from fly ash by decomposing it into HCl gas and low-toxic carbon compounds through pyrolysis. The lower temperature at this stage prevents premature volatilization of inorganic chlorine and reduces energy consumption. Rapid pyrolysis of volatile organic compounds reduces the amount of chlorine fixed in the coke. The low-temperature pyrolysis (compared to the melting method at temperatures above 1200°C) reduces energy consumption by 30-40%, reducing carbon emissions. S3: High-temperature decomposition, focusing on the decomposition of inorganic chlorine (such as CaCl2, NaCl, etc.). The high temperature causes the inorganic chloride salts to volatilize or convert them into gaseous chlorine compounds (such as HCl), further improving the dechlorination rate. The temperature in this stage is close to the optimal dechlorination temperature (800°C) of calcium-based absorbents (such as Ca(OH)2), and the catalyst efficiently vaporizes the chlorine element and decomposes dioxin precursors at the same time. S4: Product treatment: the low-chlorine fly ash after pyrolysis is mixed into balls and then re-entered into the incinerator. Microwave heating is used to increase the pyrolysis rate and reduce energy consumption. The chlorine element in the fly ash is volatilized and removed, so that the chlorine content in the fly ash is reduced to meet the requirements for recycling, reduce corrosion to the incinerator, and reduce the operation and maintenance costs of the incinerator. S5: Chlorine recovery: the chlorine-containing gas produced by pyrolysis is passed into NaOH solution to prepare industrial NaCl. Specific use of the present invention: S1: Fly ash pretreatment, including screening and drying of fly ash to remove impurities and moisture and improve pyrolysis efficiency.

[0039] S2: Low-temperature treatment. First, the pretreated fly ash enters the low-temperature chamber 14 through the inlet pipe 12. At this point, the control system activates several first heaters 16, heating the low-temperature chamber 14 to a temperature of 300-400°C. This primarily removes organic chlorine (such as dioxins) from the fly ash. Through pyrolysis, these organic chlorine compounds are decomposed into HCl gas and low-toxic carbon compounds. The lower temperature at this stage prevents premature volatilization of inorganic chlorine and reduces energy consumption. Rapid pyrolysis of volatile organic compounds reduces the amount of chlorine fixed in the coke.

[0040] Next, the control system activates the stepper motor 38, which drives the spline block 39 to rotate. The spline block 39 slides axially within the spline groove 40, thereby driving the stepper motor 38 to rotate the movable tube 18. The rotation of the movable tube 18 drives the slider 37, which is guided by the spiral groove 20, causing the movable tube 18 to rotate and move up and down. The up and down movement of the movable tube 18 drives the piston plate 23 to move up and down within the cylinder 13.

[0041] When the movable tube 18 moves downward, the movable tube 18 moves downward, driving the piston plate 23 to move downward. The piston plate 23 moves downward in the cylinder 13, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the first processing chamber 24, so that the catalyst in the catalyst cylinder 49 and the protective gas in the protective gas cylinder 50 enter the second U-shaped tube 52 through the first U-shaped tube 51, and the catalyst and protective gas in the second U-shaped tube 52 are transported to the first processing chamber 24 through the first connecting tube 53, so that the catalyst and protective gas enter the first processing chamber 24 for mixing; and the fly ash in the low-temperature chamber 14 is allowed to enter the first processing chamber 24 through a number of second one-way valves 47, so that the fly ash can be pre-mixed with the catalyst and protective gas in the first processing chamber 24.

[0042] Simultaneously, the downward movement of the piston plate 23 drives the first circular plates 26 and the movable members 27 downward, which in turn drives the pairs of rotating plates 43 downward. When the pairs of rotating plates 43 have fully entered the first processing chamber 24, the elastic force of the second torsion spring 46 causes the rotating plates 43 to rotate, stretching and unfolding the second folding members 44. The rotation of the movable tube 18 drives the piston plate 23, which in turn drives the movable members 27 to orbit. The orbital rotation of the movable members 27 drives the rotating plates 43 and the second folding members 44 to orbit, thereby fully stirring, mixing, and contacting the fly ash within the first processing chamber 24 with the catalyst and protective gas, achieving batch and small-scale premixing of the fly ash.

[0043] Simultaneously, the movable members 27 rotate around the movable tube 18, driving the disc 31 to rotate. The rotation of the disc 31 drives the second circular plates 32 and the outer gear ring 33 to rotate around the movable tube 18. The outer wall of the outer gear ring 33 meshes with the inner wall of the inner gear ring 34, causing the second circular plates 32 to rotate. The rotation of the second circular plates 32 drives the movable members 27, which in turn drives the rotating plate 43 and the second folding member 44. The orbital and rotational movement of the movable members 27, the rotating plate 43, and the second folding member 44 significantly promotes thorough mixing and contact between the fly ash, the catalyst, and the protective gas within the first treatment chamber 24, thereby enhancing the decomposition efficiency of organic chlorine at low temperatures. The use of a calcium-based composite catalyst (e.g., Ca(OH)2 + 5% nano-silica + 2% Fe-Mn-Ce / TiO2) improves the decomposition efficiency of organic chlorine at low temperatures and promotes the gasification of inorganic chlorine at high temperatures. Protective gas: An inert atmosphere (such as N2) can inhibit the resynthesis of dioxins and prevent the reaction of chlorine with metal oxides in fly ash to form chlorides that are difficult to remove. The synergistic effect of catalyst and protective gas.

[0044] When movable tube 18 moves upward, it drives piston plate 23 upward, which in turn drives movable members 27 upward. As the two slide plates 35 approach each other, they slide against the inclined surfaces of movable member 27. The upward movement of movable member 27 pushes the two slide plates 35 away from each other. The upward movement of piston plate 23 forces gas within first processing chamber 24 into movable member 27 through first one-way valve 41. Gas within movable member 27 is then ejected into first processing chamber 24 through multiple spray valves 42. One end of the movable member 27 moves within the first processing chamber 24, which facilitates the catalyst and protective gas in the movable member 27 to move from bottom to top within the first processing chamber 24 and be continuously ejected. The rotation of the movable tube 18 drives the piston plate 23 to rotate, and the rotation of the piston plate 23 drives the first circular plate 26 and the movable member 27 to revolve. The orbital and self-rotation of the movable members 27 cause the gases in the movable members 27 to be ejected in a spiral manner, so that the catalyst and protective gas are ejected from bottom to top into the first processing chamber 24 through the plurality of spray valves 42, greatly promoting full contact between the fly ash, the catalyst, and the protective gas. Among them, the two slides 35 move away from each other, respectively compressing the two pairs of springs 36 to generate elastic force. The elastic force of the two pairs of springs 36 is used to keep the sides of the two slides 35 that are close to each other in constant sliding contact with the inclined surfaces on both sides of the movable member 27, thereby reducing the gas in the first processing chamber 24 from being discharged through the opening 57.

[0045] At the same time, the movable tube 18 moves upward, driving the piston plate 23 to move upward, and the piston plate 23 moves upward, driving several movable parts 27 to move upward, and the movable part 27 moves upward, driving the L-shaped block 29 to move upward, so that one end of the L-shaped block 29 is supported by the slide plate 35, so that the L-shaped block 29 rotates to unfold the first folding part 30. The first folding part 30 is unfolded to increase the contact area between the movable part 27 and the gas in the first processing chamber 24, which is beneficial to improve the revolution and rotation of the movable part 27 to stir and mix the fly ash in the first processing chamber 24 with the catalyst and the protective gas, quickly pyrolyze volatile organic compounds, and reduce the chlorine element fixed in the coke.

[0046] Finally, the movable tube 18 rotates and drives the first guide plates 21 to rotate, and the movable tube 18 moves up and down and drives the first guide plates 21 to move up and down, thereby causing the first guide plates 21 to rotate and move up and down, so that the fly ash in the first treatment chamber 24 and the catalyst and protective gas flow in a spiral manner, which is conducive to improving the full contact between the fly ash, the catalyst and the protective gas and reducing the chlorine element. After the fly ash in the first treatment chamber 24 is low-temperature treated, the fly ash in the first treatment chamber 24 is transported to the high-temperature chamber 15 through the third connecting pipe 55. S3: Pyrolysis. First, the control system activates the plurality of second heaters 17, which heat the high-temperature chamber 15. The high temperature within the high-temperature chamber 15 volatilizes or converts the inorganic chloride salts into gaseous chlorine compounds (such as HCl), further increasing the dechlorination rate. The temperature at this stage approaches the optimal dechlorination temperature (800°C) for calcium-based absorbents (such as Ca(OH)2), and the catalyst efficiently vaporizes the chlorine element, simultaneously decomposing dioxin precursors.

[0047] Next, the movable tube 18 rotates to drive the piston plate 23 to rotate, and the movable tube 18 moves up and down, driving the piston plate 23 up and down. This causes the piston plate 23 to rotate and move up and down, transporting the catalyst in the catalyst cylinder 49 and the protective gas in the protective gas cylinder 50 into the second processing chamber 25 through the first U-shaped tube 51 and the second connecting tube 54, so that the fly ash is pre-mixed with the catalyst and the protective gas in the second processing chamber 25. Furthermore, the plurality of movable members 27, the rotating plate 43, and the second folding member 44 revolve and rotate, promoting sufficient mixing and contact between the fly ash, the catalyst, and the protective gas in the second processing chamber 25.

[0048] The gas within the second treatment chamber 25 is then continuously ejected from top to bottom in a spiral pattern through a plurality of spray valves 42 into the second treatment chamber 25, ensuring full and comprehensive contact between the fly ash, the catalyst, and the protective gas within the high-temperature chamber 15, minimizing any instances of inadequate contact. Furthermore, the orbital and rotational movement of the plurality of movable members 27, the L-shaped block 29, and the first folding member 30 significantly enhances full contact between the fly ash, the catalyst, and the protective gas within the high-temperature chamber 15, improving the efficiency and quality of fly ash dechlorination.

[0049] S4: Product treatment: the low-chlorine fly ash after pyrolysis is mixed into balls and then enters the incinerator again. Microwave heating is used to increase the pyrolysis rate and reduce energy consumption. The chlorine element in the fly ash is volatilized and removed, so that the chlorine content in the fly ash is reduced to meet the requirements for recycling, reduce corrosion to the incinerator, and reduce the operating and maintenance costs of the incinerator.

[0050] S5: Chlorine recovery: the chlorine-containing gas produced by pyrolysis is passed into NaOH solution to prepare industrial NaCl.

[0051] The waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system of the present invention utilizes a movable member 27, a rotating plate 43, a second folding member 44, and a second torsion spring 46. Under the elastic force of the second torsion spring 46, the rotating plate 43 rotates, stretching and expanding the second folding member 44. The movable tube 18 rotates, driving the piston plate 23. The piston plate 23 rotates, which in turn drives the movable members 27 to orbit. The orbital movement of the movable members 27 drives the rotating plate 43 and the second folding member 44 to orbit, thereby fully mixing and contacting the fly ash within the first processing chamber 24 with the catalyst and protective gas, thereby achieving batch-wise premixing of the fly ash. Furthermore, through the configuration of the outer gear ring 33 and the inner gear ring 34, the movable members 27 rotate around the movable tube 18, driving the circular disc 31. The rotation of the circular disc 31 drives the second circular plates 32 and the outer gear ring 33 to rotate around the movable tube 18. The outer wall of the outer gear ring 33 meshes with the inner wall of the inner gear ring 34, causing the second circular plates 32 to rotate. The rotation of the second circular plate 32 drives the movable part 27 to rotate, and the rotation of the movable part 27 drives the rotating plate 43 and the second folding part 44. The use of several movable parts 27, the rotating plate 43, and the second folding part 44 to revolve and rotate greatly promotes the fly ash in the first processing chamber 24 to be fully stirred, mixed and contacted with the catalyst and the protective gas, which can improve the decomposition efficiency of organic chlorine in the low temperature stage.

[0052] The waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system of the present invention comprises a first one-way valve 41, a spray valve 42, a movable pipe 18, and a piston plate 23. The piston plate 23 moves upward, allowing gas within the first processing chamber 24 to enter the movable member 27 through the first one-way valve 41. The gas within the movable member 27 is then sprayed into the first processing chamber 24 through a plurality of spray valves 42. One end of the movable member 27 moves within the first processing chamber 24, facilitating the catalyst and protective gas within the movable member 27 to be continuously sprayed from bottom to top within the first processing chamber 24. The rotation of the movable pipe 18 drives the piston plate 23, which in turn drives the first circular plate 26 and the movable member 27 to orbit. The orbital and self-rotation of the movable members 27 cause the gas within the movable members 27 to be sprayed in a spiral pattern. This allows the catalyst and protective gas to be sprayed from bottom to top into the first processing chamber 24 through the plurality of spray valves 42, significantly promoting sufficient contact between the fly ash, the catalyst, and the protective gas. Then, through the arrangement of the L-shaped block 29 and the first folding part 30, the movable tube 18 moves upward to drive the piston plate 23 to move upward, the piston plate 23 moves upward to drive several movable parts 27 to move upward, and the movable parts 27 move upward to drive the L-shaped block 29 to move upward, so that one end of the L-shaped block 29 is supported by the slide 35, so that the L-shaped block 29 rotates to unfold the first folding part 30. The expansion of the first folding part 30 increases the contact area between the movable part 27 and the gas in the first processing chamber 24, which is beneficial to improve the effect of the revolution and rotation of the movable part 27 on the stirring and mixing of fly ash, catalyst and protective gas in the first processing chamber 24, quickly pyrolyze volatile organic compounds, and reduce the fixation of chlorine elements in the coke.

[0053] The present invention provides a waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system. The movable tube 18 is first used to rotate and drive the piston plate 23 to rotate. The movable tube 18 moves up and down to drive the piston plate 23 to move up and down, thereby causing the piston plate 23 to rotate and move up and down. The catalyst in the catalyst cylinder 49 and the protective gas in the protective gas cylinder 50 can be transported to the second treatment chamber 25 through the first U-shaped tube 51 and the second connecting tube 54, so that the fly ash, catalyst and protective gas are pre-mixed and treated in the second treatment chamber 25. The plurality of movable parts 27, the rotating plate 43 and the second folding part 44 are used to revolve and rotate to promote the fly ash, catalyst and protective gas to be fully mixed and contacted in the second treatment chamber 25. The gas in the second treatment chamber 25 is then continuously spirally ejected from top to bottom into the second treatment chamber 25 through a plurality of spray valves 42, so that the fly ash, catalyst and protective gas are fully and comprehensively contacted in the high-temperature chamber 15, reducing the situation where the contact is not in place. Furthermore, the orbital and self-rotating motions of the movable parts 27, the L-shaped block 29 and the first folding part 30 can greatly improve the contact between the fly ash in the high-temperature chamber 15 and the catalyst and the protective gas, thereby improving the effect and quality of fly ash dechlorination.

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles of the invention and its practical application and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications as suited for specific applications.

Claims

1. A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system, characterized by: The invention comprises a treatment cylinder (10), wherein a cylinder (13) is provided in the middle of the interior of the treatment cylinder (10), wherein the interior of the treatment cylinder (10) is divided into a low-temperature chamber (14) and a high-temperature chamber (15) by the cylinder (13), and a treatment component is provided inside the cylinder (13); the treatment component comprises a piston plate (23), wherein a plurality of first circular plates (26) are rotatably provided on the piston plate (23), wherein a movable part (27) is provided on both sides of the first circular plate (26), wherein a groove (28) is provided on the inclined surface on both sides of the movable part (27), wherein an L-shaped block (29) is rotatably provided in the groove (28), wherein a first folding part (30) is connected between one side of the L-shaped block (29) and one side of the groove (28), wherein the movable part (27) is provided with a plurality of first circular plates (26) rotatably provided on the piston plate (23), wherein a plurality of first circular plates (26) are ... A plurality of rotating plates (43) are rotatably provided on both side planes of the component (27), a second folding component (44) is connected between one side of the rotating plate (43) and a side plane of the movable component (27), a disc (31) is rotatably provided on the inner wall of each end of the cylinder (13), a plurality of second circular plates (32) are rotatably provided on the disc (31), a through-port (57) is provided on the second circular plate (32), two slide plates (35) are symmetrically slidably provided inside the through-port (57), a first one-way valve (41) is provided on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the end of the movable component (27) close to the first circular plate (26), and a plurality of spray valves (42) are provided on the planes on both sides of the end of the movable component (27) away from the first circular plate (26).

2. A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first torsion spring (45) is provided at the rotational connection between the L-shaped block (29) and the groove (28), and a second torsion spring (46) is provided at the rotational connection between the rotating plate (43) and the movable member (27). The cross section of the movable member (27) is an isosceles trapezoidal structure. A plurality of second one-way valves (47) are provided in a circumferential array on the disc (31). The low-temperature chamber (14) is located above the high-temperature chamber (15). The piston plate (23) slides in the cylinder (13). A plurality of springs (36) are provided between the two ends of the through port (57) on the sides of the two slides (35) that are away from each other. The sides of the two slides (35) that are close to each other are in sliding contact with the inclined surfaces on both sides of one end of the movable member (27).

3. A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer gear ring (33) is provided on the outer wall of the second circular plate (32), and the outer gear ring (33) rotates inside the circular disc (31). An inner gear ring (34) is fixedly provided on the inner walls of both ends of the cylinder (13), and the outer wall of the outer gear ring (33) meshes with the inner wall of the inner gear ring (34). The inner gear ring (34) is in an annular sliding contact inside the circular disc (31).

4. A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the cylinder (13) is divided into a first processing chamber (24) and a second processing chamber (25) by the piston plate (23); a base (48) is provided at the lower end of the processing cylinder (10); a catalyst cylinder (49) and a protective gas cylinder (50) are provided on the upper side of one end of the base (48); a first U-shaped tube (51) is connected between the catalyst cylinder (49) and the protective gas cylinder (50); a second U-shaped tube (52) is connected between the two ends of the first U-shaped tube (51); a first connecting tube (53) is provided in the middle of the second U-shaped tube (52) and is connected to the first processing chamber (24); a second connecting tube (54) is provided in the middle of the first U-shaped tube (51) and is connected to the second processing chamber (25); a third connecting tube (55) is provided between the low-temperature chamber (14) and the high-temperature chamber (15).

5. A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the treatment cylinder (10) is provided with an end cover (11), and a stepper motor (38) is installed on the upper side of the end cover (11). A movable tube (18) is rotatably provided inside the cylinder (13), and a spline block (39) is provided on the outer wall of the output end of the stepper motor (38). A spline groove (40) is provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the movable tube (18). The spline block (39) slides axially in the spline groove (40), and the outer wall of the output end of the stepper motor (38) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the upper end of the movable tube (18).

6. A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sleeve (19) is provided at the lower end of the interior of the high-temperature chamber (15), and a spiral chute (20) is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve (19) and is interconnected at the head and tail ends. A slider (37) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the lower end of the movable tube (18), and the slider (37) spirally slides in the spiral chute (20). The outer wall of the movable tube (18) is fixedly connected to the piston plate (23), and the outer wall of the movable tube (18) is in sliding contact with the disc (31).

7. A waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of first guide plates (21) are provided in a circumferential array on the outer wall of the upper end of the movable tube (18), and the plurality of first guide plates (21) are located in the low-temperature chamber (14); a plurality of second guide plates (22) are provided in a circumferential array on the outer wall of the lower end of the movable tube (18), and the plurality of second guide plates (22) are located in the high-temperature chamber (15).

8. The waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the low-temperature chamber (14) is provided with a plurality of first heaters (16), and the inner wall of the high-temperature chamber (15) is provided with a plurality of second heaters (17).

9. The waste incineration fly ash dechlorination system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet pipe (12) is provided at the upper portion of the treatment cylinder (10), and a solenoid valve (56) is provided on one side of the lower portion of the treatment cylinder (10). The inlet pipe (12) is communicated with the low-temperature chamber (14), and the high-temperature chamber (15) is communicated with the solenoid valve (56).

10. A method for dechlorinating fly ash from waste incineration, comprising a dechlorinating system for dechlorinating fly ash from waste incineration according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Fly ash pretreatment, including screening and drying of fly ash to remove impurities and moisture and improve pyrolysis efficiency; S2: Low-temperature treatment primarily removes organic chlorine (such as dioxins) from fly ash by decomposing it into HCl gas and low-toxic carbon compounds through pyrolysis. The lower temperature at this stage prevents premature volatilization of inorganic chlorine and reduces energy consumption. Rapid pyrolysis of volatile organic compounds reduces the amount of chlorine fixed in the coke. The low-temperature pyrolysis (compared to the melting method at temperatures above 1200°C) reduces energy consumption by 30-40%, reducing carbon emissions. S3: High-temperature decomposition, focusing on the decomposition of inorganic chlorine (such as CaCl2, NaCl, etc.). The high temperature causes the inorganic chloride salts to volatilize or convert them into gaseous chlorine compounds (such as HCl), further improving the dechlorination rate. The temperature in this stage is close to the optimal dechlorination temperature (800°C) of calcium-based absorbents (such as Ca(OH)2), and the catalyst efficiently vaporizes the chlorine element and decomposes dioxin precursors at the same time. S4: Product treatment: the low-chlorine fly ash after pyrolysis is mixed into balls and then re-entered into the incinerator. Microwave heating is used to increase the pyrolysis rate and reduce energy consumption. The chlorine element in the fly ash is volatilized and removed, so that the chlorine content in the fly ash is reduced to meet the requirements for recycling, reduce corrosion to the incinerator, and reduce the operation and maintenance costs of the incinerator. S5: Chlorine recovery: the chlorine-containing gas produced by pyrolysis is passed into NaOH solution to prepare industrial NaCl.

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