Port tractor

Abstract

The invention discloses a port tractor in the technical field of tractors. The port tractor comprises a main tractor body, a cab assembly, a pneumatic saddle system, a control system and a power system. Wherein the cab assembly is arranged on one side of the upper surface of the main vehicle body, and the pneumatic saddle system is arranged on the other side of the upper surface of the main vehicle body; the pneumatic saddle system comprises a saddle, a control box, an air cylinder, an operation screen and a pneumatic module, the control box and the air cylinder are arranged in the saddle, the pneumatic module is connected to the driving end of the air cylinder, and the control box can respond to instructions collected by the operation screen and control the power system to drive the air cylinder to stretch out and draw back through the pneumatic module. And then the saddle is driven to be opened and closed. According to the port tractor, the pneumatic saddle system is arranged and matched with the operation screen installed in the cab, the trailer can be remotely controlled to be disassembled and assembled, and the problems that traditional manual operation is low in efficiency and large in labor intensity are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tractors, and in particular to a port tractor. Background Art

[0002] The transportation sector is the third largest source of carbon emissions, accounting for 15% of the global total. International shipping and inland waterway shipping account for two of the top eight carbon emission sources in the transportation sector. Ports are a crucial component of shipping logistics. In the context of green and intelligent development, the development of green transportation systems within ports is particularly important. Currently, traditional, low-speed, fuel-powered tractors are predominant in port transportation, with drawbacks such as high carbon emissions and low levels of intelligence, making them inadequate for the development of green and smart ports. Pure electric tractors are powered by electricity and emit no pollutants like hydrocarbons and sulfides during operation. They are green, low-carbon, and pollution-free, and have significant potential for application in port transportation. Port transportation conditions are complex, and the cab of port tractors requires good visibility to ensure the driver observes road conditions. Furthermore, current port tractors use manual saddle detachment, requiring the driver to manually detach and attach the trailer from outside the cab. This is labor-intensive and inefficient, necessitating innovative technological solutions to address this issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a port tractor. The port tractor is equipped with a pneumatic saddle system, which, in conjunction with an operating screen installed in the cab, can remotely control the unhooking and hooking of trailers, thereby solving the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity of traditional manual operation.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a port tractor, comprising: a main body, a cab assembly, a pneumatic saddle system, a control system and a power system;

[0006] The cab assembly is arranged on one side of the upper surface of the main body, and the pneumatic saddle system is arranged on the other side of the upper surface of the main body; the power system is used to provide power for the entire vehicle, and the control system is used to distribute the power provided by the power system to various electrical components;

[0007] The pneumatic saddle system includes a saddle, a control box, a cylinder, an operating screen and a pneumatic module. The control box and the cylinder are built into the saddle. The pneumatic module is connected to the driving end of the cylinder to provide an air source for the cylinder to drive the cylinder to extend and retract. The control box can respond to instructions collected by the operating screen to control the power system through the pneumatic module to drive the cylinder to extend and retract, thereby driving the opening and closing of the saddle.

[0008] Furthermore, the pneumatic module includes an air compressor, an air filter, a dryer, an air cylinder and an auxiliary air module; the air filter, air compressor, dryer, air cylinder and auxiliary air module are connected in sequence, and the auxiliary air module is connected to the driving end of the cylinder through an air pipe. The auxiliary air module is used to divide the gas in the air cylinder into multiple branches to provide air sources for all air-using components of the vehicle, one of which is connected to the driving end of the cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the power system includes a battery module and a conversion module. The conversion module is connected to the battery module. The battery module includes a battery pack assembly, a battery energy distribution unit (BDU), and a battery management system (BMS). The battery management system (BMS) is connected to the battery pack assembly and is used to manage the operation of the battery pack assembly and monitor its operating status. The battery energy distribution unit (BDU) is connected between the battery pack assembly and the control system and is used to distribute power to the port tractor. The conversion module is a drive motor used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Furthermore, the system also includes a steering system, which includes a steering oil tank, a steering pump, and a power converter. The steering pump is connected between the steering oil tank and the steering gear. The steering oil tank is used to provide hydraulic oil to the steering pump. The steering pump drives the power converter, thereby driving the port tractor to steer.

[0010] Furthermore, the control system includes an integrated motor controller MCU module, an air compressor controller module and a steering pump controller module; the integrated motor controller MCU module is connected to the conversion module, the air compressor controller module is connected to the air compressor, and the steering pump controller module is connected to the steering pump.

[0011] Furthermore, the power system also includes a low-voltage battery, and the control system also includes a DCDC controller module, which is connected to the low-voltage battery and is used to convert DC high-voltage electricity into DC low-voltage electricity to charge the low-voltage battery.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes an air-conditioning system, and the control system also includes a PDU high-voltage power distribution control module connected to the air-conditioning system.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling system for cooling the power system. The cooling system includes a water cooling unit, a heat exchange module and a storage box. The storage box is connected to the water cooling unit to provide coolant. The water cooling unit has a built-in heat exchange module. The coolant circulates between the water cooling unit and the power system to complete the cooling of the power system.

[0014] Furthermore, the cab assembly includes a main frame, doors, rearview mirrors, lower mirrors and a boarding ladder; with the direction facing the front of the vehicle as the front, the side doors are installed on the side of the main frame, the rear doors are installed behind the main frame, and the rest of the main frame is surrounded by the main frame.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The port tractor provided by the present invention is provided with a pneumatic saddle system, which cooperates with an operating screen installed in the cab to remotely control the unloading and loading of trailers, thereby solving the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity of traditional manual operation.

[0017] The port tractor provided by the present invention can save space, simplify wiring, achieve space and layout optimization, and improve the collaborative efficiency of each functional module and enhance reliability by integrating five major functional modules: a motor controller MCU module, a DCDC controller module, an air compressor controller module, a steering pump controller module, and a PDU high-voltage power distribution control module.

[0018] The harbor tractor provided by the present invention has a steering system designed with an electric dual-source steering pump, which can achieve seamless switching of the steering pump power supply between high voltage and low voltage, ensuring zero fault interruption of the steering system.

[0019] The port tractor provided by the present invention uses a direct-drive motor, eliminates a gearbox, simplifies the transmission route, improves transmission efficiency, reduces power consumption, and is better adapted to low-speed, heavy-load, flat road working conditions in ports. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a left perspective schematic diagram of a port tractor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a right perspective schematic diagram of a port tractor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the chassis of a port tractor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the pneumatic saddle system of the port tractor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the chassis of a port tractor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic saddle of a pure electric pneumatic saddle harbor tractor.

[0026] Figure: 1. Cab assembly; 2. Left rearview mirror; 3. Left door and window; 4. Left side window; 5. Pneumatic saddle system; 6. Rear entry ladder; 7. Entry ladder handrail; 8. Left side door; 9. Front entry ladder; 10. Cab front hood; 11. Front bumper; 12. Right rearview mirror; 13. Lower mirror; 14. Front windshield; 15. Rear side door; 16. Rear door and window; 17. Right side window; 18. Charging port; 19. Electrical compartment; 20. Entry step; 21. Low-voltage battery; 22. Battery management system (BMS) ; 23. Battery pack assembly; 24. Auxiliary air module; 25. Main body; 26. Drive shaft; 27. Drive motor assembly; 28. Battery energy distribution unit BDU; 29. ​​Air compressor; 30. Air cylinder; 31. Dryer; 32. Air filter; 33. Cooling system; 34. Water cooling unit; 35. Steering axle; 36. Steering oil tank; 37. Steering pump; 38. Steering gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] This embodiment provides a port tractor, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a main body 25, a cab assembly 1, a pneumatic saddle system 5, a control system and a power system;

[0030] The cab assembly 1 is arranged on one side of the upper surface of the main body 25, and the pneumatic saddle system 5 is arranged on the other side of the upper surface of the main body 25; the power system is used to provide power for the entire vehicle, and the control system is used to distribute the power of the power system to various electrical components;

[0031] In this embodiment, the pneumatic saddle system 5 includes a saddle, a control box, a telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic saddle operation screen and a pneumatic module. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the solid arrows represent the circuit, and the dotted arrows represent the air path. The control box and the telescopic cylinder are built into the saddle, and the pneumatic saddle operating screen is placed in the cab. The driver can issue instructions through the pneumatic saddle operating screen. The control box adopts a single-chip microcomputer control board. The control box is electrically connected between the pneumatic saddle operating screen and the cylinder. It can respond to the instructions collected by the operating screen, control the cylinder to perform telescopic actions, and then drive the opening and closing of the saddle. The control box also includes two proximity switch sensors. The proximity switch sensors are arranged on the saddle and can detect whether the saddle is in an open or closed state. The control box transmits the detected saddle state to the operating screen, which can display whether the saddle is in an abnormal state. As shown Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the pneumatic module includes an air compressor 29, an air filter 32, a dryer 31, an air cylinder 30 and an auxiliary air module 24; the air filter 32, the air compressor 29, the dryer 31, the air cylinder 30 and the auxiliary air module 24 are connected in sequence, the air is filtered through the air filter 32, and becomes high-pressure gas after passing through the air compressor 29, and then passes through the dryer 31 to filter out moisture and impurities in the high-pressure gas to keep it dry and clean, and is stored in the air cylinder 30, the auxiliary air module 24 divides the high-pressure gas in the air cylinder 30 into multiple branches, which provide air sources for various air-using components of the entire vehicle, one of which is connected to the cylinder drive end in the saddle through an air pipe to provide a high-pressure air source for the extension and contraction of the cylinder.

[0032] The power system includes a battery module and a conversion module. The conversion module is connected to the battery module. The battery module includes a battery pack assembly 23, a battery energy distribution unit BDU28 and a battery management system BMS22. The battery management system BMS22 is connected to the battery pack assembly 23 for managing and monitoring the operation of the battery pack assembly 23. The battery energy distribution unit BDU28 is connected between the battery pack assembly 23 and the control system for distributing power to the port tractor. The conversion module is a drive motor for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy. In this embodiment, the drive motor uses a high-torque direct-drive motor assembly, which is directly connected to the drive axle through a drive shaft 26. This eliminates the need for a gearbox, simplifies the transmission route, and is more suitable for the low-speed, heavy-load, and flat road conditions of the port tractor.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the port tractor further includes a steering system, which includes a steering oil tank 36, a steering pump 37 and a power converter. The steering pump 37 is connected between the steering oil tank 36 and the steering gear 38. The steering gear 38 is connected to the steering axle 35 through a steering rod, driving the tires of the steering axle 35 to rotate and realize the steering function; the steering oil tank 36 is used to provide hydraulic oil to the steering pump 37, and the steering pump 37 drives the power converter, thereby driving the port tractor to steer. In this embodiment, the steering pump 37 is a high-pressure / low-pressure dual-source electric hydraulic power steering pump 37.

[0034] The control system includes an integrated motor controller MCU module, an air compressor 29 controller module and a steering pump 37 controller module; the integrated motor controller MCU module is connected to the conversion module to provide three-phase AC power to the drive motor assembly 27 of the conversion module to drive the vehicle. When the vehicle brakes or decelerates, the drive motor assembly 27 rotates in the opposite direction and can generate electrical energy as a generator. The generated electrical energy is then reversely charged to the battery pack assembly 23 through the control system and the battery energy distribution unit BDU28. The air compressor 29 controller module is connected to the air compressor 29, and the steering pump 37 controller module is connected to the steering pump 37.

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, the power system also includes a low-voltage battery 21, and the control system also includes a DC-DC controller module. The DC-DC controller module is connected to the low-voltage battery 21 and is used to convert DC high-voltage electricity into DC low-voltage electricity to charge the low-voltage battery 21. During normal operation, the steering pump 37 is driven by the high-voltage electricity distributed by the control system, generating high-pressure oil, which drives the steering gear 38 to operate, thereby achieving power steering. In the event of an emergency high-voltage failure in the vehicle, the low-voltage battery 21 will intervene to provide low-voltage electricity to drive the steering pump 37, preventing the vehicle from being unable to steer in the event of a high-voltage failure.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] This embodiment provides a port tractor. Different from the first embodiment, this embodiment further includes an air-conditioning system. The control system further includes a PDU high-voltage power distribution control module connected to the air-conditioning system.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, a cooling system 33 is also included for cooling the power system. The cooling system 33 includes a water cooling unit 34, a heat exchange module and a storage box. The storage box is connected to the water cooling unit 34 for providing coolant. The water cooling unit 34 has a built-in heat exchange module. The coolant circulates between the water cooling unit 34 and the power system, takes away the heat of the power system, and is transported back to the water cooling unit 34 to cool the coolant by the heat exchange module.

[0039] The cab assembly 1 includes a main frame, doors, rearview mirrors, lower mirrors 13 and a step-on ladder; with the direction facing the front of the vehicle as the front, the side doors are installed on the side of the main frame, the rear doors are installed behind the main frame, and the rest of the main frame is surrounded by the main frame.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the cab assembly 1 is a tilted cab, with the front of the vehicle facing forward, and the cab is located to the left of the front of the vehicle. The cab is surrounded by a left door window 3, a left side window 4, a front windshield 14, a rear door window 16, and a right side window 17. The driver's field of vision is unobstructed, which is suitable for port transportation conditions. The left rearview mirror 2 is installed on the left front side of the cab, and the right rearview mirror 12 and the lower mirror 13 are installed on the vertical rod on the right front side of the vehicle, which is convenient for the driver to observe the road conditions around the vehicle and reduce blind spots. The electrical compartment 19 is located on the right side of the cab assembly 1 and is equipped with an inspection port to facilitate the installation and maintenance of its internal electrical components on the right side of the cockpit. The front cover 10 of the cab is located on the front side of the cab assembly 1 to facilitate the installation and maintenance of its internal pipelines.

[0041] In this embodiment, the cab assembly 1 includes a front entry ladder 9 and a rear entry ladder 6. The front entry ladder 9 is located on the left side of the cab assembly 1, and the climbing function is achieved by embedding steps on the front bumper 11. The left door 8 is a hinged door, which cooperates with the front entry ladder 9 to allow the driver to enter the cab from the left side of the cab assembly 1. The rear entry ladder 6 is located on the rear side of the cab assembly 1, and the driver can use the entry ladder handrail 7 and the entry pedal 20 to get on and off the vehicle conveniently. The rear door 15 is a push-pull sliding door, which cooperates with the rear entry ladder 6 to allow the driver to quickly enter the cab from the rear side of the cab assembly 1. The charging port 18 is located on the right front side of the cab assembly 1, which can ensure that the charging cable of the charging pile is long enough to charge the vehicle when the vehicle is facing or facing the charging pile.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only to explain the relative positional relationships and movement of components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly specify the number of the technical features referred to. Therefore, features designated "first," "second," and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the purpose of the present invention and the claims, which are all protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A port tractor, characterized in that: include: Main body, cab assembly, pneumatic saddle system, control system and power system; The cab assembly is arranged on one side of the upper surface of the main body, and the pneumatic saddle system is arranged on the other side of the upper surface of the main body; the power system is used to provide power for the entire vehicle, and the control system is used to distribute the power provided by the power system to various electrical components; The pneumatic saddle system includes a saddle, a control box, a cylinder, an operating screen and a pneumatic module. The control box and the cylinder are built into the saddle. The pneumatic module is connected to the driving end of the cylinder to provide an air source for the cylinder to drive the cylinder to extend and retract. The control box can respond to instructions collected by the operating screen to control the power system through the pneumatic module to drive the cylinder to extend and retract, thereby driving the opening and closing of the saddle.

2. The harbor tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic module includes an air compressor, an air filter, a dryer, an air cylinder and an auxiliary air module; the air filter, air compressor, dryer, air cylinder and auxiliary air module are connected in sequence, and the auxiliary air module is connected to the driving end of the cylinder through an air pipe. The auxiliary air module is used to divide the gas in the air cylinder into multiple branches to provide air sources for all air-consuming components of the vehicle, one of which is connected to the driving end of the cylinder.

3. The harbor tractor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power system includes a battery module and a conversion module. The conversion module is connected to the battery module. The battery module includes a battery pack assembly, a battery energy distribution unit BDU and a battery management system BMS. The battery management system BMS is connected to the battery pack assembly and is used to manage the operation of the battery pack assembly and monitor the operating status. The battery energy distribution unit BDU is connected between the battery pack assembly and the control system and is used to distribute power to the port tractor. The conversion module is a drive motor used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

4. The harbor tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a steering system, which includes a steering oil pot, a steering pump and a power converter. The steering pump is connected between the steering oil pot and the steering gear. The steering oil pot is used to provide hydraulic oil to the steering pump. The steering pump drives the power converter, thereby driving the port tractor to steer.

5. The harbor tractor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control system includes an integrated motor controller MCU module, an air compressor controller module and a steering pump controller module; the integrated motor controller MCU module is connected to the conversion module, the air compressor controller module is connected to the air compressor, and the steering pump controller module is connected to the steering pump.

6. The harbor tractor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power system also includes a low-voltage battery, and the control system also includes a DCDC controller module. The DCDC controller module is connected to the low-voltage battery and is used to convert DC high-voltage electricity into DC low-voltage electricity to charge the low-voltage battery.

7. The harbor tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air-conditioning system, and the control system also includes a PDU high-voltage power distribution control module connected to the air-conditioning system.

8. The harbor tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling system for cooling the power system. The cooling system includes a water cooling unit, a heat exchange module and a storage box. The storage box is connected to the water cooling unit to provide coolant. The water cooling unit has a built-in heat exchange module. The coolant circulates between the water cooling unit and the power system to complete the cooling of the power system.

9. The harbor tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cab assembly includes a main frame, doors, rearview mirrors, lower mirrors and a step-up ladder; with the direction facing the front of the vehicle as the front, the side doors are installed on the side of the main frame, the rear doors are installed behind the main frame, and the rest of the main frame is surrounded by the main frame.

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