Cover body structure with protection function and pneumatic separation performance

Abstract

The invention provides a cover body structure with a protection function and a pneumatic separation performance. The cover body structure comprises a left protection cover, a right protection cover, a fast-assembly covering cap, a spring and an initiating explosive device. The left protective cover and the right protective cover are respectively mounted on the equipment mounting seat through initiating explosive devices to form a left-right or up-down distributed structure; the quick-assembly covering cap and the spring are assembled into an integral assembly which is mounted on the left protective cover and the right protective cover; the work of the initiating explosive device is activated by an external signal. Equipment is installed inside the cover body, the cover body bears impact energy of obstacles or fragments, after all the obstacles or the fragments are away from the cover body, the cover body is rapidly separated under the combined action of elastic potential energy stored by the pre-pressing spring and pneumatic loads, meanwhile, the spring combination of the rapidly-installed covering cap is separated along with the cover body, new redundant objects cannot be generated, and the service life of the cover body is prolonged. Therefore, the function of protecting the equipment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft equipment protection and air separation, and in particular relates to a cover structure having both protection function and aerodynamic separation performance. Background Art

[0002] During the flight of a high-speed aircraft, under certain circumstances, the equipment carried needs to be exposed to the oncoming airflow for operation. In the oncoming airflow, there may be small obstacles distributed over a large area or structural debris normally generated by the aircraft itself. For example, a large amount of debris will be generated after the outer protective structure or material is broken, and the equipment must start working within an extremely short time interval, especially at the millisecond level. Therefore, the equipment needs to be protected for a short time; otherwise, the obstacle or debris will directly hit the equipment body, which will have a strong impact on the equipment and even cause damage to the equipment function; after the impact risk is eliminated, the protective cover begins to separate and the equipment is finally exposed so that the equipment can work normally.

[0003] Currently, aircraft lack effective protective measures for equipment exposed in specific situations. When faced with widely distributed external obstacles or structural debris normally generated by the aircraft itself, aircraft generally have two options for response: When the risk of being struck is high, or the risk of equipment being damaged by an impact is high, such as when the obstacles are large, numerous, and moving at high speeds, rapid maneuvers are necessary to deviate from the flight path to avoid the impact. When the risk of being struck is low, or the risk of equipment being damaged by an impact is low, aircraft typically choose not to take specific protective measures and allow the equipment to withstand the impact of obstacles or debris. Rapid maneuvers deviating from the flight path result in significant kinetic energy loss for the aircraft, while direct head-on impacts from obstacles or debris increase the risk of damage, potentially leading to malfunctioning equipment at best, or even aircraft crashes or mission failures at worst.

[0004] A search of existing technologies revealed that in the aircraft field, most technical research on fairings often focuses on a single function, either separation or protection. For example, patent application CN111122104A focuses solely on the design of a wind tunnel test device, focusing on aerodynamic measurement and jet simulation during the hood separation process, without addressing the protective mechanisms required for the equipment during actual aircraft operation. Another patent application, CN108791814A, focuses on a fairing designed to resist airflow friction. Its core design addresses only low-speed sustained loads and fails to address the requirements for high-speed debris impact protection and millisecond-level separation.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new cover structure that combines protection functions and aerodynamic separation performance. This structure can solve the problem of equipment structural protection in complex flight environments. The equipment is installed inside the cover, and the cover is responsible for bearing the impact energy of obstacles or debris. After the obstacles or debris are completely removed, the cover quickly separates through the combined action of the elastic potential energy stored in the pre-loaded spring and the aerodynamic load. At the same time, the quick-release cover spring assembly separates with the cover, eliminating the risk of generating new redundant objects and effectively ensuring the normal use of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a cover structure with both protective function and pneumatic separation performance.

[0007] According to the present invention, a cover structure with both protective function and pneumatic separation performance is provided, comprising: a left protective cover 1, a right protective cover 2, a quick-release cover 3, a spring 4, and an explosive device 5;

[0008] The left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are respectively mounted on the equipment mounting base 6 through the pyrotechnic device 5 to form an integral configuration distributed left and right or up and down, and can directly contact external obstacles or debris to protect the equipment 7;

[0009] The quick-release cover 3 and the spring 4 are assembled into an integral component and installed on the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively. They can be separated from the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 as a whole without producing other redundant materials. The operation of the pyrotechnic device 5 is activated by an external signal and can release the constraints on the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively include a front section and a rear section;

[0011] The front section is a flange structure that can generate aerodynamic load that is conducive to separation; the rear section is the cover body, which is mainly used to protect the equipment 7 inside the cover;

[0012] The left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 cover the device 7 inside, which can effectively prevent the device 7 from being directly hit by obstacles or debris.

[0013] Preferably, when all obstacles or debris are away and the device 7 is relatively safe, the pyrotechnic device 5 is activated by an external signal to release the constraints on the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively. Under the joint action of the pneumatic load, the quick-release cover 3 and the spring 4 overall assembly, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 can move to the side and front respectively and accelerate separation to ensure the normal operation of the device 7.

[0014] Preferably, the integral assembly of the quick-release cover 3 and the spring 4 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2;

[0015] The force direction of each spring 4 is inclined forward, and the action line of the resultant elastic force of all springs 4 passes through the center of mass of the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively, and can work together with the aerodynamic load to push the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 toward the side and front respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are symmetrical, non-rotating bodies or asymmetrical structures;

[0017] Preferably, the separation surface between the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 is a weak connection or a releasable strong connection relationship;

[0018] The left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 can adjust the parameters of the front end flange size, flange angle, and circumferential angle according to the use environment, so as to obtain the aerodynamic separation load that meets the use requirements;

[0019] The left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 adopt a hollow structure with skin reinforcement ribs. The hollow area and design size parameters can be selected according to needs to prevent the separation speed from being affected by the pressure inside the cover.

[0020] Preferably, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are respectively installed with the equipment mounting base 6 in the form of a rotating shaft combined with the pyrotechnic device 5. After the pyrotechnic device 5 is released from the constraint, the inner protective cover rotates around a fixed rotating shaft on the equipment mounting base 6 until it is separated.

[0021] Preferably, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are respectively designed with a spring 4 installation guide structure near the waist. The spring 4 stores elastic potential energy through deformation, and when separated, it combines with the aerodynamic load generated by the cover flange to improve the cover separation speed and separation reliability.

[0022] Preferably, the overall assembly of the quick-release cover 3 and the spring 4 is installed by screwing or by inserting a locating pin laterally to lock the quick-release cover 3 after it is pressed into place; the number of locating pins can be increased or decreased as needed.

[0023] Preferably, the explosive device 5 is a device capable of fixing and releasing a fixed constraint, and may be an explosive bolt, a pin puller, or some device with a time-delay effect;

[0024] When separated, the pyrotechnic device 5 releases the fixed constraints on the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively, and the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are symmetrically separated along two relative directions of left and right or up and down.

[0025] An aircraft provided according to the present invention includes the cover structure having both protective function and aerodynamic separation performance.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention solves the problem of protecting exposed equipment structures in complex flight environments. The cover bears the impact energy of obstacles or debris. After all obstacles or debris are away, the cover quickly separates under the combined action of the elastic potential energy stored in the pre-loaded spring and the aerodynamic load, ensuring the normal operation of the equipment.

[0028] 2. The present invention provides a quick-release cover and a spring integral assembly, which can be separated along with the cover body when the cover body is separated, without generating new redundant materials, thereby playing a role in protecting the function of the equipment.

[0029] 3. The present invention combines protective function and pneumatic separation performance. It can not only be used to protect equipment inside the cover, but also the cover can be separated and fallen off under specific circumstances. Before the cover is separated, the structure and function of the equipment installed inside the cover can be protected from damage, and under specific circumstances, it can be quickly separated by relying on the combined action of pneumatic load and spring elastic potential energy, thereby achieving the purpose of exposing the equipment to work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing comparison of multiple viewing angles of the cover structure of the present invention having both protective function and aerodynamic separation performance;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the separation process of the cover structure of the present invention which has both protection function and pneumatic separation performance.

[0033] The figure shows:

[0034] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, the cover structure of the present invention having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance includes a left protective cover 1, a right protective cover 2, a quick-release cover 3, a spring 4 and an pyrotechnic device 5; wherein the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are respectively fixedly mounted on the equipment mounting seat 6 through the pyrotechnic device 5, forming a left-right or up-down symmetrical distribution configuration; the quick-release cover 3 and the spring 4 are combined into an integral component, which is evenly distributed at 10 locations along the circumference of the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2, and the force direction of each spring 4 is inclined forward, and the action line of the resultant elastic force of all springs 4 passes through the center of mass of the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2, respectively, and can work together with the aerodynamic load to push the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 to the side and front respectively; the operation of the pyrotechnic device 5 is completed by activation of an external signal. When facing large-scale external obstacles or structural debris normally generated by the aircraft itself, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 directly contact the external obstacles or debris, and play a protective role for the equipment 7; after all the obstacles or debris are far away and the equipment 7 is relatively safe, the pyrotechnic device 5 is activated by an external signal to release the constraints on the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively. Under the joint action of the pneumatic load, the quick-release cover 3 and the spring 4 overall assembly, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 move to the side and front respectively and accelerate separation to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0037] The cover body is divided into two symmetrical parts, namely the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2. When in use, their bottom supports are fixed to the aircraft by explosive bolts and combined into a whole; when separated, the explosive bolts release the fixed constraints on the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 respectively, and the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are symmetrically separated along the left and right or up and down two relative directions.

[0038] The left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are respectively divided into a front section and a rear section. The front section is a flange structure, which can generate an aerodynamic load that is conducive to separation; the rear section is the cover body, which is mainly used to protect the equipment 7 inside the cover; the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 as a whole cover the internal equipment 7, which can effectively prevent the equipment 7 from being directly hit by obstacles or debris.

[0039] The left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are respectively designed with a spring 4 installation guide structure near the waist. The spring 4 stores elastic potential energy through deformation, and when separated, it combines with the aerodynamic load generated by the cover flange to improve the cover separation speed and separation reliability.

[0040] The installation design of the spring 4 adopts a quick installation method. After the spring 4 and the quick-release cover 3 are assembled, press the spring 4 and twist the quick-release cover 3 to quickly install it into place; when separating, the components of the spring 4 are separated as a whole with the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2, and no other small redundant objects will be generated.

[0041] The present invention can be used to protect equipment inside the cover, and the cover can be separated and detached under specific circumstances. Before the cover is separated, the structure and function of the equipment installed inside the cover can be protected from damage, and under specific circumstances, the cover can be quickly separated by relying on the combined action of pneumatic load and spring elastic potential energy, thereby achieving the purpose of exposing the equipment for operation.

[0042] Furthermore, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 can adjust the parameters of the front end flange size, flange angle, and circumferential angle according to the use environment, so as to obtain an aerodynamic separation load that meets the use requirements; in addition, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 adopt a hollow structure with skin reinforcement ribs, and the hollow area and design size parameters can be selected according to needs. While reducing the structural mass, it can also reduce the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cover body, preventing the separation speed from being affected by the pressure buildup inside the cover body.

[0043] Furthermore, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 can also be non-rotating bodies or asymmetric structures, but can play the same or similar roles; the symmetrical separation surfaces between the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are weakly connected or releasable strongly connected.

[0044] Furthermore, the quick-release cover 3 and spring 4 are assembled into a single quick-release component, which is mounted on the left and right protective covers 1 and 2, respectively. The assembly of the quick-release cover 3 and spring 4 is assembled using a variety of quick-release methods, such as threaded installation or, after the quick-release cover 3 is pressed into place, laterally inserted and locked with a positioning pin. The number of these pins can be adjusted as needed. The pyrotechnic device 5, which can be used as an explosive bolt, pin puller, or device with a time delay, can be used to secure and release the restraint.

[0045] Furthermore, the left protective cover 1 and the right protective cover 2 are respectively installed with the equipment mounting base 6 in the form of a rotating shaft combined with the pyrotechnic device 5. After the pyrotechnic device 5 is released from the constraint, the inner protective cover rotates around a fixed rotating shaft on the equipment mounting base 6 until it is separated.

[0046] The present invention solves the difficult problem of protecting exposed equipment structures in complex flight environments. The cover body bears the impact energy of obstacles or debris. After all obstacles or debris are away, the cover body structure is separated under certain dynamic pressure conditions to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0048] The specific embodiments of the present application are described above. It needs to be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and various changes or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essential content of the present application. The embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other at will without conflict.

Claims

1. A cover structure with both protective function and pneumatic separation performance, characterized in that: include: A left protective cover (1), a right protective cover (2), a quick-release cover (3), a spring (4), and an explosive device (5); The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) are respectively mounted on the equipment mounting seat (6) through explosive devices (5), forming an overall configuration distributed left and right or up and down, and can directly contact external obstacles or debris to protect the equipment (7); The quick-release cover (3) and the spring (4) are assembled into an integral component and are respectively mounted on the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2). The quick-release cover (3) and the spring (4) can be separated from the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) as a whole without generating any other redundant objects. The operation of the pyrotechnic device (5) is completed by activation of an external signal, and the constraints on the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) can be released respectively.

2. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) both comprise a front section and a rear section; The front section is a flange structure that can generate aerodynamic load that is conducive to separation; the rear section is the cover body, which is mainly used to protect the equipment (7) inside the cover; The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) integrally cover the internal device (7), effectively preventing the device (7) from being directly hit by obstacles or debris.

3. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 2, characterized in that: When all obstacles or debris are away and the device (7) is relatively safe, the pyrotechnic device (5) is activated by an external signal to release the constraints on the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2). Under the joint action of the pneumatic load, the quick-release cover (3) and the spring (4) as a whole assembly, the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) can move to the side and front and accelerate separation, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the device (7).

4. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integral assembly of the quick-release cover (3) and the spring (4) is evenly distributed along the circumference of the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2); The force direction of each spring (4) is inclined forward, and the lines of action of the resultant elastic forces of all the springs (4) pass through the mass centers of the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2), respectively, and can work together with the aerodynamic load to push the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) toward the side and front.

5. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) are symmetrical, non-rotating bodies or asymmetrical structures; the separation surfaces of the covers are in a weak connection or a releasable strong connection relationship; The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) can adjust the parameters of the front end flange size, flange angle, and circumferential angle according to the use environment, thereby obtaining an aerodynamic separation load that meets the use requirements; The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) adopt a hollow structure with skin reinforcement ribs, and the hollow area and design size parameters can be selected according to needs to prevent the separation speed from being affected by the pressure inside the cover.

6. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) are respectively installed with the equipment mounting seat (6) in the form of a rotating shaft combined with an pyrotechnic device (5). After the pyrotechnic device (5) is released from restraint, the inner protective cover rotates around a fixed rotating shaft on the equipment mounting seat (6) until it is separated.

7. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) are respectively designed with spring (4) installation guide structures near the waist. The spring (4) stores elastic potential energy through deformation, and when separated, it is combined with the pneumatic load generated by the cover body flange to improve the cover body separation speed and separation reliability.

8. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall assembly of the quick-install cover (3) and the spring (4) is installed by screwing the cover in place or by inserting a positioning pin in a horizontal direction to lock the quick-install cover (3) after the quick-install cover (3) is pressed into place.

9. The cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: Explosives (5) are devices that can fix and release fixed constraints, such as explosive bolts, pin pullers, or some devices with a time-delay effect; When separated, the pyrotechnic device (5) releases the fixed constraints on the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2), and the left protective cover (1) and the right protective cover (2) are symmetrically separated along two relative directions, left and right or up and down.

10. An aircraft, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cover structure having both protective function and pneumatic separation performance as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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