Roadway center line pointing device, system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a roadway center line pointing device, system and method, and the method comprises the steps: installing two marking points, namely a marking point p and a marking point q, on a laser of a laser pointing instrument, measuring the coordinates of the two points, and calculating the azimuth alpha 1 and slope beta 1 from the marking point p to the marking point q, and the coordinate of a central point r; the azimuth deviation, the gradient difference, the height difference and the horizontal distance deviation between the laser and the design line can be obtained by knowing the design line L and the azimuth alpha and the gradient beta of the design line L, and the laser can be adjusted by adjusting the holder connected to the central point r according to the azimuth deviation, the gradient difference, the height difference and the horizontal distance deviation. According to the scheme, rapid pointing adjustment of the top plate laser pointing instrument is achieved through the method of adding the measurement marks and the holder, long-time high-altitude operation is avoided, laser pointing stability can be kept for a long time in a complex environment, and higher efficiency and safety are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of engineering technology, and in particular relates to a tunnel centerline pointing device, system and method. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel construction, the traditional centerline stakeout method, based on the principle of three points in a straight line, involves embedding three centerline points on the design line, suspending a plumb bob with cotton string. A laser is then installed away from the work surface, ensuring that the laser passes through the three plumb lines on the design line to achieve the desired direction. During tunnel construction, the laser beam must always be aligned with the strings hanging from the three centerline points, maintaining a stable direction toward the design line. The centerline points and the laser should be installed at a distance from the work surface to prevent deviations caused by construction disturbances.

[0003] The installation process of the center point and the laser is as follows: First, the center point position is marked with a total station, and then the operator drills a hole in the roof at the designated position, inserts an anchor, buries a temporary point, and accurately adjusts the position to ensure that the point is strictly on the center line. After the point is stable, insert the cotton thread and hang the plumb bob. In this way, the burial of the three center points at the front, middle, and back and the hanging of the plumb bob are completed. The distance between the three center points is 3-5 meters. The burial process is difficult due to the various interferences of ventilation, dust, vibration, and roof support conditions in the tunnel. The tunnel roof is 3 to 5 meters above the ground. During the burial of the center point, the operator has to stand on a temporary platform to operate, which is a high-altitude operation and is relatively dangerous.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a tunnel centerline pointing device, system and method.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a lane centerline pointing device, system and method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] Lane centerline marking pointing method, including

[0009] A laser pointer is mounted on a pan-tilt platform, which is fixed in a selected area of ​​the designed centerline of the tunnel roof. Two marking points, marked p and q, are installed on the laser of the laser pointer. The coordinates of the two points are measured as (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2), respectively. The azimuth α1 and slope β1 from the marked point p to the marked point q are calculated, as well as the coordinates of the center point r between the marked points p and q (x3, y3, z3). The line connecting p and q and its extension line are the directions of the laser and its emitted laser.

[0010] Given the design line L and its azimuth α and slope β, the deviation between the laser and the design line in azimuth, slope, and height, as well as the shortest distance d from the center point r to the design line L, can be calculated.

[0011] Select any point Q on the design line, and when observed along the excavation direction, point Q is behind the center point r, and the azimuth angle α2 from point Q to the midpoint r can be calculated. By comparing the sizes of α2 and α, it can be determined whether the center point r is located on the left or right side of the forward direction of the design line. Accordingly, the adjustment of the laser can be completed by adjusting the pan / tilt head connected to the center point r.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, α and α2, α and α1, and β and β1 are compared and the laser pointer is adjusted according to the compared deviations. The adjustment is based on the center point r of the laser pointer.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the marking point p and the marking point q are two end points of the laser in the laser irradiation direction.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the system executes the lane centerline marking pointing method according to the instructions.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, it includes memory software and a control structure that receives the quality of the memory software and executes actions. The memory software is burned with a program for executing the lane centerline marking pointing method, and the control structure is used to control the state of the laser pointer according to the instructions.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, a lane centerline pointing device, used to perform a lane centerline marking and pointing method, includes a laser having a certain length, with an emitting end of the laser disposed at one end of the length, and the laser forming at least two marking points along the length;

[0017] The regulating mechanism has an active end connected to the laser and is used for controlling the state of the laser pointer according to instructions.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism is selected from a pan-tilt device and a robotic arm.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, two of the marking dots are respectively formed at two ends adjacent to the laser (ie, one marking dot at each end).

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the tunnel centerline pointing device, system and method of the present invention realizes rapid pointing adjustment on the ground through an optimized marking adjustment method, avoids long-term high-altitude operations, and has higher efficiency and safety. It is only necessary to install a pan-tilt head and the like at a suitable position near the designed centerline, measure the coordinates of the two ends of the laser pointer, and then quickly use the software to operate the pan-tilt head to adjust the translation, lifting and rotation of the laser pointer to complete the centerline layout and marking, eliminating the need for long-term high-altitude operations such as hanging lines, hanging plumb bobs, and measuring marking points, saving time and effort, and being safe and efficient. By adding measurement marks and pan-tilt heads, rapid pointing adjustment of the top plate laser pointer is achieved, avoiding long-term high-altitude operations, and maintaining stable laser pointing for a long time in complex environments, with higher efficiency and safety.

[0021] In the present invention, the laser pointer's adjustment point is located at the midpoint, offering two advantages: ease of data calculation and stability in practical applications. In practice, this midpoint adjustment minimizes the adjustment torque, allowing for left-right translation, rotation, and pitch adjustments of the device with minimal energy consumption. This adjustment also makes it easier for the device to maintain stability despite wind and construction shockwaves, resulting in greater resistance to external forces and lower energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the marking point selection state of the lane centerline marking pointing method in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of azimuth and horizontal distance of a lane centerline marking pointing method in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the inclination angle (slope) and vertical distance of the lane centerline marking pointing method in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the construction of tunnel projects, the application of intelligent automation technology and equipment is becoming more and more popular. The present invention combines a laser with a measurement mark with a three-axis pan-tilt head. During use, only one high-altitude operation is required. The pan-tilt head is installed and fixed on the tunnel roof. The installation position can be located near the design line, within the working range of the equipment and convenient for installation. After installation and fixation, the laser is roughly facing the tunnel working surface. A total station is set up on the control point of the formed tunnel. After rearview orientation, the two measurement mark points before and after the laser are measured. The difference between the laser attitude data and the design data is calculated by the coordinates of the two points. The laser is translated, raised, lowered, and rotated in the X, Y, and Z directions through the pan-tilt head to coincide with the design line to achieve the purpose of pointing. This system can reduce the time and difficulty of high-altitude operations while improving the accuracy of laser pointing. It not only improves the efficiency and quality of construction operations, but also greatly improves the safety of operations.

[0028] The specific operation adjustment process is as follows:

[0029] 1. Since the coordinate system is determined when the design line L is known, a marking point is determined at each end below the laser. The distance between the two marking points is a fixed value θ. The line connecting the two marking points is in the same vertical plane as the laser axis, and the height difference is a fixed value κ, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0030] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment process based on the above preset is as follows:

[0031] 2. Install the laser pointer firmly at a suitable position on the top of the tunnel, set up a total station at the control point with known coordinates, and after the backsight orientation is correct, operate the total station to measure the coordinates of the two marked points p (x1, y1, z1) and q (x2, y2, z2), and then calculate the azimuth α1, inclination β1 of the laser pointer, and the coordinates of the laser center r (x3, y3, z3). The calculation process is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] 3. The design line is L. The mathematical expression of L obtained from any two points on L is ax+by+c=0. The shortest distance d from the midpoint r to L can be calculated from the coordinates (x3, y3) of the midpoint r. The calculation process is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] 4. Given the orientation of the design line as α, select any point Q on the design line that is close to and behind the midpoint r, and calculate the azimuth angle α2 from the point Q to the midpoint r.

[0036] If α<α2, the midpoint r is to the right of the design line, the direction of movement is the design orientation α-90°, and the moving distance is d;

[0037] If α>α2, the midpoint r is to the left of the design line, the direction of movement is the design orientation α+90°, and the moving distance is d;

[0038] If α = α2, the midpoint r is on the design line and there is no horizontal movement.

[0039] 5. Compare the size of the design line orientation α and the laser pointing orientation α1,

[0040] If α>α1, the laser pointer rotates α-α1 degrees clockwise with the midpoint r as the center;

[0041] If α<α1, the laser pointer rotates α1-α degrees counterclockwise with the midpoint r as the center;

[0042] If α=α1, the laser pointer remains stationary.

[0043] 6. Compare the designed slope β with the slope β1 of the laser pointer.

[0044] If β>β1, the laser pointer rotates downward by β-β1 with the midpoint r as the center;

[0045] If β<β1, the laser pointer rotates upward by β1-β with the midpoint r as the center;

[0046] If β=β1, the laser pointer remains stationary.

[0047] 7. The coordinates (x, y) of point r' after the midpoint r is moved can be calculated from the coordinates of r', the distance moved, and the direction moved. Point r' coincides with the design line on the XY plane. The elevation z of point r' on the design line can be calculated from the coordinates of r' and the inclination of the design line.

[0048] Compare the elevation z3 of the midpoint r with the elevation z of r',

[0049] If z3>z, the laser drops z3-z;

[0050] If z3 <z,则激光器上升z-z3;

[0051] If z3=z, the laser detector remains stationary.

[0052] According to the above calculation parameters, the operator can control the control panel of the pan-tilt platform and input the pan-tilt platform adjustment data, that is, the operator can operate the pan-tilt platform on the ground to adjust the laser pointing direction of the laser pointer.

[0053] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be embraced therein.

[0054] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lane centerline marking pointing method, comprising: A laser pointer is mounted on a pan-tilt platform, which is fixed in a selected area of ​​the designed centerline of the tunnel roof. Two marking points, marked p and q, are installed on the laser of the laser pointer. The coordinates of the two points are measured as (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2), respectively. The azimuth α1 and slope β1 from the marked point p to the marked point q are calculated, as well as the coordinates of the center point r between the marked points p and q (x3, y3, z3). The line connecting p and q and its extension line are the directions of the laser and its emitted laser. Given the design line L and its azimuth α and slope β, the deviation between the laser and the design line in azimuth, slope, and height, as well as the shortest distance d from the center point r to the design line L, can be calculated. Select any point Q on the design line, and when observed along the excavation direction, point Q is behind the center point r, and the azimuth angle α2 from point Q to the midpoint r can be calculated. By comparing the sizes of α2 and α, it can be determined whether the center point r is located on the left or right side of the forward direction of the design line. Accordingly, the adjustment of the laser can be completed by adjusting the pan / tilt head connected to the center point r.

2. The lane centerline marking pointing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Compare α and α2, α and α1, β and β1 and adjust the laser pointer according to the comparison deviation. The adjustment is based on the center point r of the laser pointer.

3. The lane centerline marking pointing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marking point p and the marking point q are respectively the two end points of the laser in the laser irradiation direction.

4. A system that executes the lane centerline marking pointing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 according to instructions.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that It includes memory software and a control structure that accepts the quality of the memory software and executes actions. The memory software is burned with a program for executing the lane centerline marking pointing method according to any one of claims 1-3. The control structure is used to control the state of the laser pointer according to instructions.

6. A lane centerline pointing device, for executing the lane centerline marking and pointing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a laser having a certain length, with an emitting end of the laser disposed at one end of the length, and the laser forming at least two marking points along the length thereof; The regulating mechanism has an active end connected to the laser and is used for controlling the state of the laser pointing instrument according to instructions.

7. The lane centerline pointing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism is selected from a pan-tilt device and a robotic arm.

8. The lane centerline pointing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two of the marking points are formed adjacent to both ends of the laser.

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