Stator and rotor structure, motor, compressor and air conditioner

Abstract

The invention provides a stator and rotor structure, a motor, a compressor and an air conditioner, relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and solves the technical problem that the motor is difficult to realize high efficiency, strong start and high reliability at the same time. The stator and rotor structure comprises a stator punching sheet and a rotor punching sheet with concentric inner and outer diameters, the stator punching sheet is provided with a stator groove. The rotor punching sheet is provided with a rotor groove. The number of the stator slots is Zs1, and the number of the rotor slots is Zr1; the ratio K1 of the number of the stator slots to the number of the rotor slots is equal to Zs1 / Zr1, and stator teeth are arranged between every two adjacent stator slots; the tooth width of each stator tooth is ts1; rotor teeth are arranged between every two adjacent rotor grooves. The tooth width of each rotor tooth is tr1; and the stator-rotor tooth width ratio K2 between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth is equal to ts1 / tr1. By controlling the stator and rotor slot number ratio K1 and the stator and rotor tooth width ratio K2, control over the stator and rotor teeth and slot deviation angles theta rs1 and theta rs2 is achieved, magnetic field optimization is conducted, efficiency is improved, and the problem that vibration noise is poor due to torque fluctuation is effectively solved; meanwhile, additional loss is reduced, and the effect of improving motor efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air conditioning, and in particular to a stator and rotor structure, a motor, a compressor and an air conditioner. Background Art

[0002] With the implementation of new national energy efficiency standards and the impact of global warming, the starting and load capacity requirements for air conditioner compressor motors, even under harsh operating conditions such as maximum cooling, are increasing. To achieve high efficiency, high-stack motors are generally used, but this can lead to quality issues such as poor starting, noise, and vibration. Compressor motors must achieve both high efficiency and high reliability, including strong starting and strong loads. However, existing motors struggle to achieve these three key characteristics simultaneously, creating a bottleneck in the industry's development. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a stator-rotor structure, a motor, a compressor and an air conditioner to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the motor is difficult to achieve high efficiency, strong starting and high reliability at the same time.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a stator-rotor structure, comprising a stator punching sheet and a rotor punching sheet with concentric inner and outer diameters; the stator punching sheet has a stator slot; the rotor punching sheet has a rotor slot; the number of the stator slots is Z s1 , the number of rotor slots is Z r1 ; Stator and rotor slot ratio K1=Z s1 / Z r1 , and 0<K1<1.

[0006] The present invention controls the ratio of the number of stator and rotor slots, reduces the synchronous additional torque during the starting process, eliminates the torque dead point during operation, and effectively solves the problem of adverse vibration noise caused by torque fluctuation; at the same time, it effectively improves the starting ability of the motor, thereby reducing the problem of adverse starting noise caused by the attenuation of the starting torque; it solves the problem of uneven magnetic field distribution caused by the stator and rotor slot effect, resulting in large additional torque caused by tooth harmonics, large high-frequency loss of the stator and rotor core, and reduced motor efficiency; at the same time, it reduces the heating of the stator and rotor windings, improves the reliability of the motor, and reduces the problem of energy efficiency attenuation of the compressor caused by increased additional loss.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the range of the stator-rotor slot number ratio K1 is: 0<K1≤0.8.

[0009] By optimizing the number of rotor slots for a given stator slot number, the torque can be maximized for different compressor displacements and powers, while also balancing compressor energy efficiency and reliability. This reduces mold development costs and accelerates product development.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle θ between two adjacent stator slots is s0 The angle between the center line of the stator slot and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the stator punching sheet is θ s1 The number of stator slots, the angle between two adjacent stator slots, and the angle between the center line of the stator slot and the center line of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following formula:

[0011] θ s0 =2θ s1 =2π / Z s1 .

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle between two adjacent rotor slots is θ r0 The angle between the center line of the rotor slot and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the rotor punching is θ r1 The number of rotor slots, the angle between two adjacent rotor slots, and the angle between the rotor slot centerline and the inner and outer diameter centerlines satisfy the following formula: θ r0 =2θ r1 =2π / Z r1 .

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle between the center line of the stator slot and the center line of the rotor slot is the stator-rotor slot offset angle θ. rs1 , the stator and rotor slot offset angle θ rs1 The ratio of the number of stator and rotor slots K1 should satisfy the following formula:

[0014] and

[0015] The present invention realizes the stator and rotor slot offset angle θ by controlling the stator and rotor slot number ratio K1 rs1 By controlling the torque during startup, the synchronous additional torque during startup is reduced, the torque dead point during operation is eliminated, and the vibration and noise problems caused by torque fluctuations are effectively solved. At the same time, the motor starting capability is effectively improved, thereby reducing the abnormal startup noise problems caused by starting torque attenuation.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, there is a stator tooth between two adjacent stator slots; the tooth width of the stator tooth is t s1 ; Between two adjacent rotor slots is a rotor tooth; the tooth width of the rotor tooth is t r1 ; The stator-rotor tooth width ratio between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth K2 = t s1 / t r1 .

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle θ formed by the stator teeth and the line connecting the center of the circle is s2 , the stator slot mouth height h s0 , the radius of the circle where the stator slot is located is R s0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the stator slot is located s1 The following relationship is satisfied:

[0018]

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle θ formed by the line connecting the rotor teeth and the center of the circle is r2 , the rotor slot mouth height h r0 , the radius of the circle where the rotor slot is located is R r0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the rotor slot is located r1 The following relationship is satisfied:

[0020]

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the angle between the corresponding stator teeth and the rotor teeth is the stator-rotor tooth offset angle θ rs2 , the stator and rotor tooth offset angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied: And the stator and rotor teeth offset angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied between the stator and rotor tooth width ratio K2:

[0022]

[0023] Or,

[0024] The present invention realizes the stator and rotor tooth offset angle θ by controlling the stator and rotor tooth width ratio K2. rs2 By controlling the tooth harmonics, the cogging effect can be reduced and the harmonic balance of the stator and rotor teeth can be adjusted, thus effectively reducing the additional loss caused by the increase of the asynchronous additional torque caused by the tooth harmonics and improving the motor efficiency.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a motor comprising the stator and rotor structure.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a compressor comprising the motor.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, the motor is a single-phase asynchronous 2-pole motor.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an air conditioner comprising the compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 is a top view of the stator and rotor structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a top view of the stator punching sheet in the stator and rotor structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a top view of the rotor punching in the stator and rotor structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is a performance curve diagram of the motor of the present invention and the motor in the prior art;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a full-range test curve diagram of the torque and speed of the motor of the present invention and the motor in the prior art.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1. Stator punching;

[0037] 11. Stator slot;

[0038] 12. Stator teeth;

[0039] 2. Rotor punching;

[0040] 21. Rotor slot;

[0041] 22. Rotor teeth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the present invention provides a stator and rotor structure including a stator and rotor core. The stator and rotor core is composed of multiple silicon steel stampings stacked and pressed together to a desired height, and then fastened together using snap points. There are no restrictions on the silicon steel grade or thickness of the stator and rotor core, the material or shape of the rotor end rings, or the casting material and method of the rotor slots 21.

[0045] The silicon steel punching sheet includes a stator punching sheet 1 and a rotor punching sheet 2 with concentric inner and outer diameters; the stator and rotor structure is applied to a single-phase asynchronous 2-pole motor, the motor is applied to a compressor, and the compressor is applied to an air conditioner; in the present invention, the stator and rotor slots 21 and the tooth offset angle θ can be adjusted by controlling the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21 and the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22. rs1 ,θ rs2 By optimizing the number of rotor slots 21, energy efficiency and reliability are maximized.

[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the stator punching sheet 1 has a stator slot 11; the rotor punching sheet 2 has a rotor slot 21; the number of the stator slots 11 is Z s1 , the angle θ between two adjacent stator slots 11 s0 The angle between the center line of the stator slot 11 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the stator punching sheet 1 is θ s1 ; The number of rotor slots 21 is Z r1 The angle between two adjacent rotor slots 21 is θ r0 The angle between the center line of the rotor slot 21 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the rotor sheet 2 is θ r1 The inner and outer diameters of the stator and rotor punchings 2 are concentric, and the inner and outer diameter center lines of the stator punchings 1 coincide with the inner and outer diameter center lines of the rotor punchings 2;

[0047] The number of grooves Z1, the angle between two adjacent grooves θ0, and the angle θ1 between the groove centerline and the centerline of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following relationship:

[0048] 1. The ratio of the number of stator and rotor slots 21 is K1 = Z s1 / Z r1 , and 0<K1<1.

[0049] 2. The number of stator slots 11, the angle between two adjacent stator slots 11, and the angle between the center line of the stator slot 11 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following formula:

[0050] θ s0 =2θ s1 =2π / Z s1 .

[0051] 3. The number of rotor slots 21, the angle between two adjacent rotor slots 21, and the angle between the center line of the rotor slot 21 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following formula: θ r0 =2θ r1=2π / Z r1 .

[0052] The present invention reduces the synchronous additional torque during the starting process and eliminates the torque dead point during operation by controlling the number ratio of the stator and rotor slots 21, thereby effectively solving the problem of adverse vibration noise caused by torque fluctuations; at the same time, it effectively improves the starting ability of the motor, thereby reducing the problem of adverse starting noise caused by the attenuation of the starting torque; it solves the problem that the uneven magnetic field distribution caused by the slot effect of the stator and rotor teeth 22 leads to large additional torque caused by tooth harmonics and large high-frequency loss of the stator and rotor core, resulting in reduced motor efficiency, and at the same time reduces the heating of the stator and rotor windings, improves the reliability of the motor, and reduces the problem of energy efficiency attenuation of the compressor caused by increased additional loss; it solves the problem that the uneven magnetic field distribution caused by the slot effect of the stator and rotor teeth 22 leads to large additional torque caused by tooth harmonics and large high-frequency loss of the stator and rotor core, resulting in reduced motor efficiency, and at the same time reduces the heating of the stator and rotor windings, improves the reliability of the motor, and reduces the problem of energy efficiency attenuation of the compressor caused by increased additional loss;

[0053] Furthermore, when the center lines of the stator and rotor punchings 2 coincide, the angle between the center lines of the corresponding stator slots 11 and the rotor slots 21 is defined as the stator and rotor slot 21 offset angle θ rs1 ; Among them, the stator and rotor slots 21 offset angle θ rs1 =θ s1 -θ s1 ;

[0054] In this embodiment, the stator and rotor slots 21 are offset by an angle θ rs1 The ratio K1 to the number of stator and rotor slots 21 should satisfy the following formula:

[0055] and Furthermore, the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21 satisfies: 0<K1<1.

[0056] From the above, it can be seen that the stator and rotor slots 21 are offset by an angle θ rs1 There is a negative correlation between the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21. rs1 Directly affects the electromagnetic torque. As the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21 increases, the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor slots 21 increases. rs1 Decrease, within a certain range: the stator harmonic magnetic field induces the rotor harmonic magnetic field, and the resulting synchronous additional torque increases accordingly, and the starting torque of the motor is prone to fluctuations or dead points; on the contrary, as the stator-rotor slot number ratio K1 decreases, the stator-rotor slot 21 offset angle θ rs1 Increase, within a certain range: the stator harmonic magnetic field induces the rotor harmonic magnetic field, and the resulting synchronous additional torque decreases accordingly, the motor's starting torque increases, and the starting ability is enhanced.

[0057] The present invention optimizes the offset angle of the stator and rotor slots 21 by controlling the number ratio of the stator and rotor slots 21, optimizes the magnetic field distribution, improves the magnetic field utilization rate, and at the same time reduces the synchronous additional torque in the starting process, effectively improving the starting ability of the motor, thereby reducing the problem of abnormal starting noise caused by the attenuation of the starting torque, and solving the problem that the synchronous additional torque generated by the harmonic interaction of the stator and rotor teeth 22 leads to a reduction in the minimum torque of the motor, a reduction in the motor speed, affecting the starting performance of the motor, causing poor starting of the compressor or large starting current, and the reliability defect problem of abnormal starting noise of the compressor caused by poor motor starting.

[0058] For a single-phase asynchronous motor, due to the incomplete symmetry of the magnetic field, the optimal range of the ratio K1 of the number of stator and rotor slots 21 is: 0<K1≤0.8, at which time the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor slots 21 is rs1 satisfy

[0059] Furthermore, in order to save development costs, when the number of stator slots 11 is constant, the number of rotor slots 21 can be changed to optimize the ratio K1 of the number of stator and rotor slots 21, and thus optimize the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor slots 21. rs1 , reducing the adverse effects of synchronous additional torque. By optimizing the number of rotor slots (21) while maintaining a constant number of stator slots (11), this approach maximizes torque for different compressor displacements and powers, while also balancing compressor energy efficiency and reliability. This reduces mold development costs and accelerates product development.

[0060] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in a high power density model, since the vibration noise is more significant when the motor is running, it is necessary to meet the following requirements: the ratio of the number of stator and rotor slots 21 is 0<K1≤0.4 and the number of rotor slots 21 is Z r1 >30, at this time the stator and rotor slots 21 offset angle θ rs1 satisfy In this way, the synchronous additional torque is reduced, the torque dead point is eliminated during operation, and the noise problem caused by it is improved. On low power density models, since the vibration noise is more significant when the motor starts, the stator and rotor slot 21 number ratio K1 should meet the following requirements: 0.4≤K1≤0.8 and the rotor slot 21 number Z r1 >30, at this time the stator and rotor slots 21 offset angle θ rs1 satisfy This optimizes the magnetic field distribution, reduces the synchronous additional torque during the starting process, effectively improves the motor's starting ability, and thus reduces the problem of abnormal starting noise caused by starting torque attenuation.

[0061] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, there is a stator tooth 12 between two adjacent stator slots 11; the tooth width of the stator tooth 12 is t s1 ; The angle θ formed by the stator tooth 12 and the line connecting the center of the circle s2 ; The stator slot 11 has a height h s0, the radius R of the circle where the stator slot 11 is located s0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the stator slot 11 is located s1 ; Between two adjacent rotor slots 21 is the rotor tooth 22; the tooth width of the rotor tooth 22 is t r1 ; The angle θ formed by the rotor tooth 22 and the line connecting the center of the circle r2 , the height h of the rotor slot 21 r0 , the radius R of the circle where the rotor slot 21 is located r0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the rotor slot 21 is located r1 .

[0062] Where: the stator-rotor tooth width ratio K2 between the stator teeth 12 and the rotor teeth 22 = t s1 / t r1 .

[0063] The tooth width t1, the angle between the tooth width and the center of the circle is θ2, the slot height h0, the radius of the circle where the slot is located R0, and the radius of the circle where the slot bottom is located R1, satisfy the following relationship:

[0064] 1. Angle θ formed by the stator tooth 12 and the line connecting the center of the circle s2 , the opening height h of the stator slot 11 s0 , the radius R of the circle where the stator slot 11 is located s0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the stator slot 11 is located s1 The following relationship is satisfied:

[0065]

[0066] 2. Angle θ formed by the rotor tooth 22 and the line connecting the center of the circle r2 , the height h of the rotor slot 21 r0 , the radius R of the circle where the rotor slot 21 is located r0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the rotor slot 21 is located r1 The following relationship is satisfied:

[0067]

[0068] Furthermore, after the width center lines of the stator and rotor teeth 22 coincide, the angle between the corresponding stator teeth 12 and rotor teeth 22 is defined as the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 , the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied: The stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset by an angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied between the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22:

[0069]

[0070] Since the radius of the circle where the bottom of the stator and rotor slots 21 is located is R s1、R r1 Much larger than the width t of the stator and rotor teeth 22 s1 , t r1 , then the above formula can be simplified to

[0071]

[0072] From the above, it can be seen that the stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset by an angle θ rs2 It is positively correlated with the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22. rs2 The absolute value of directly affects the phase difference of the n-order tooth harmonics of the stator and rotor (n = 1, 2, 3 ...). As the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22 increases, the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor teeth 22 increases. rs2 As the absolute value increases, the harmonic phase difference of the stator and rotor teeth 22 becomes larger, and the tooth harmonic imbalance becomes larger, but the harmonic amplitude of the stator and rotor teeth 22 becomes smaller, and the pulsation loss generated also becomes smaller. Conversely, as the stator and rotor teeth 22 width ratio K2 becomes smaller, the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 As the absolute value decreases, the phase difference of the stator and rotor teeth 22 harmonics becomes smaller, and thus the tooth harmonic imbalance becomes smaller, but the amplitude of the stator and rotor teeth 22 harmonics increases, and the pulsation loss generated also increases accordingly. In actual production, the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 If the value is too large or too small, the cogging effect will be aggravated, resulting in uneven magnetic field distribution and harmonics, which will affect the motor performance and noise.

[0073] The present invention realizes the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor teeth 22 by controlling the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22. rs2 By controlling the stator and rotor teeth 22, the offset angle is optimized, thereby reducing the cogging effect and adjusting the harmonic balance of the stator and rotor teeth 22, effectively reducing the additional loss caused by the increase in the asynchronous additional torque caused by the tooth harmonics, improving the motor efficiency, and solving the problem of torque dead point caused by the low vibration force wave order caused by the poor harmonic magnetic field of the stator and rotor teeth 22, and the resulting poor vibration noise; solving the problem of weak motor load capacity under harsh working conditions, optimizing the number of stator and rotor slots 21 according to the compressor displacement and working conditions, and achieving high-power and stable operation of the compressor while ensuring motor efficiency.

[0074] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, a better solution for a single-phase asynchronous motor is:

[0075] The width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22 satisfies: 1<K2<2; and When the stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset by an angle θ rs2 satisfy

[0076] Optimally, when the stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset at an angle At this time, the harmonic amplitude and phase difference of the stator and rotor teeth 22 are balanced, the asynchronous additional torque caused by the slot effect is minimized, and the motor efficiency is improved. In actual production application, the radius of the circle where the bottom of the stator and rotor slots 21 is located is R s1 、R r1 According to the compressor displacement, the optimal stator and rotor tooth 22 offset angle θ can be met by adjusting the K2 value. rs2 .

[0077] It should be noted that the structure of the rotor slot 21 of the present invention is not limited, and can be designed so that the bottom and top shapes of the slot are the same or different, and the shape can be round bottom, flat bottom, square bottom, or pointed bottom. The structure can be a single cage slot type or a double cage slot type, and can be an open slot, a closed slot, a semi-open slot, or a semi-closed slot. The size of the slot area is not limited and can be changed according to the actual operating power requirement of the compressor.

[0078] By adopting the above solution of the present invention, it can be seen that the motor efficiency and motor torque test are significantly improved. Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. Figure 4 This is the motor performance curve, and the efficiency is significantly improved; Figure 5 The motor of the prior art has three torque dead points, which are respectively shown in the boxes. However, with the stator and rotor structure of the present invention, the motor has no obvious dead points.

[0079] Example 2:

[0080] The present invention provides a motor including a stator and rotor structure.

[0081] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the stator and rotor structure includes a stator and rotor core. The stator and rotor core is composed of several silicon steel stampings stacked and pressed together according to the required height, and finally fastened together using snap points. There are no restrictions on the silicon steel grade and thickness of the stator and rotor core, the material and shape of the rotor end rings, or the casting material and method of the rotor slots 21.

[0082] The silicon steel punching sheet includes a stator punching sheet 1 and a rotor punching sheet 2 with concentric inner and outer diameters; the stator and rotor structure is applied to a single-phase asynchronous 2-pole motor, the motor is applied to a compressor, and the compressor is applied to an air conditioner; in the present invention, the stator and rotor slots 21 and the tooth offset angle θ can be adjusted by controlling the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21 and the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22. rs1 ,θ rs2 By optimizing the number of rotor slots 21, energy efficiency and reliability are maximized.

[0083] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the stator punching sheet 1 has a stator slot 11; the rotor punching sheet 2 has a rotor slot 21; the number of the stator slots 11 is Z s1, the included angle between two adjacent stator slots 11 is θ s0 ; the included angle between the center line of the stator slot 11 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the stator lamination 1 is θ s1 ; the number of rotor slots 21 is Z r1 ; the included angle between two adjacent rotor slots 21 is θ r0 ; the included angle between the center line of the rotor slot 21 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the rotor lamination 2 is θ r1 ; the inner and outer diameters of the stator lamination 1 and the rotor lamination 2 are concentric, and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the stator lamination 1 coincides with the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the rotor lamination 2;

[0084] The number of slots Z1, the included angle θ0 between two adjacent slots, and the included angle θ1 between the center line of the slot and the center line of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following relationships:

[0085] 1. The ratio K1 of the number of stator slots 11 to the number of rotor slots 21 is K1 = Z s1 / Z r1 , and 0 < K1 < 1.

[0086] 2. The number of stator slots 11, the included angle between two adjacent stator slots 11, and the included angle between the center line of the stator slot 11 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following formula:

[0087] θ s0 = 2θ s1 = 2π / Z s1 .

[0088] 3. The number of rotor slots 21, the included angle between two adjacent rotor slots 21, and the included angle between the center line of the rotor slot 21 and the center line of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following formula: r0 = 2θ r1 = 2π / Z r1 .

[0089] By controlling the ratio of the number of stator slots 11 to the number of rotor slots 21, the present application reduces the synchronous additional torque during the starting process, eliminates the torque dead point during operation, effectively solves the problem of vibration and noise caused by torque fluctuation; at the same time, it effectively improves the starting ability of the motor, thereby reducing the starting abnormal noise caused by the decay of the starting torque; it solves the problem of uneven magnetic field distribution caused by the stator tooth 22 slot effect, which leads to large additional torque caused by tooth harmonic, large high-frequency loss of stator and rotor core, and low efficiency of motor; at the same time, it reduces the heating of stator and rotor windings, improves the reliability of motor, and reduces the problem of compressor energy efficiency decay caused by additional loss increase.

[0090] Furthermore, when the center lines of the stator and rotor punchings 2 coincide, the angle between the center lines of the corresponding stator slots 11 and the rotor slots 21 is defined as the stator and rotor slot 21 offset angle θ rs1 ; Among them, the stator and rotor slots 21 offset angle θ rs1 =θ s1 -θ s1 ;

[0091] In this embodiment, the stator and rotor slots 21 are offset by an angle θ rs1 The ratio K1 to the number of stator and rotor slots 21 should satisfy the following formula:

[0092] and Furthermore, the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21 satisfies: 0<K1<1.

[0093] From the above, it can be seen that the stator and rotor slots 21 are offset by an angle θ rs1 There is a negative correlation between the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21. rs1 Directly affects the electromagnetic torque. As the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21 increases, the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor slots 21 increases. rs1 Decrease, within a certain range: the stator harmonic magnetic field induces the rotor harmonic magnetic field, and the resulting synchronous additional torque increases accordingly, and the starting torque of the motor is prone to fluctuations or dead points; on the contrary, as the stator-rotor slot number ratio K1 decreases, the stator-rotor slot 21 offset angle θ rs1 Increase, within a certain range: the stator harmonic magnetic field induces the rotor harmonic magnetic field, and the resulting synchronous additional torque decreases accordingly, the motor's starting torque increases, and the starting ability is enhanced.

[0094] The present invention optimizes the offset angle of the stator and rotor slots 21 by controlling the number ratio of the stator and rotor slots 21, optimizes the magnetic field distribution, improves the magnetic field utilization rate, and at the same time reduces the synchronous additional torque in the starting process, effectively improving the starting ability of the motor, thereby reducing the problem of abnormal starting noise caused by the attenuation of the starting torque, and solving the problem that the synchronous additional torque generated by the harmonic interaction of the stator and rotor teeth 22 leads to a reduction in the minimum torque of the motor, a reduction in the motor speed, affecting the starting performance of the motor, causing poor starting of the compressor or large starting current, and the reliability defect problem of abnormal starting noise of the compressor caused by poor motor starting.

[0095] For a single-phase asynchronous motor, due to the incomplete symmetry of the magnetic field, the optimal range of the ratio K1 of the number of stator and rotor slots 21 is: 0<K1≤0.8, at which time the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor slots 21 is rs1 satisfy

[0096] Furthermore, in order to save development costs, when the number of stator slots 11 is constant, the number of rotor slots 21 can be changed to optimize the ratio K1 of the number of stator and rotor slots 21, and thus optimize the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor slots 21. rs1 , reducing the adverse effects of synchronous additional torque. By optimizing the number of rotor slots (21) while maintaining a constant number of stator slots (11), this approach maximizes torque for different compressor displacements and powers, while also balancing compressor energy efficiency and reliability. This reduces mold development costs and accelerates product development.

[0097] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, in a high power density model, since the vibration noise is more significant when the motor is running, it is necessary to meet the following requirements: the ratio of the number of stator and rotor slots 21 is 0<K1≤0.4 and the number of rotor slots 21 is Z r1 >30, at this time the stator and rotor slots 21 offset angle θ rs1 satisfy In this way, the synchronous additional torque is reduced, the torque dead point is eliminated during operation, and the noise problem caused by it is improved. On low power density models, since the vibration noise is more significant when the motor starts, the stator and rotor slot 21 number ratio K1 should meet the following requirements: 0.4≤K1≤0.8 and the rotor slot 21 number Z r1 >30, at this time the stator and rotor slots 21 offset angle θ rs1 satisfy This optimizes the magnetic field distribution, reduces the synchronous additional torque during the starting process, effectively improves the motor's starting ability, and thus reduces the problem of abnormal starting noise caused by starting torque attenuation.

[0098] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, there is a stator tooth 12 between two adjacent stator slots 11; the tooth width of the stator tooth 12 is t s1 ; The angle θ formed by the stator tooth 12 and the line connecting the center of the circle s2 ; The stator slot 11 has a height h s0 , the radius R of the circle where the stator slot 11 is located s0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the stator slot 11 is located s1 ; Between two adjacent rotor slots 21 is the rotor tooth 22; the tooth width of the rotor tooth 22 is t r1 ; The angle θ formed by the rotor tooth 22 and the line connecting the center of the circle r2 , the height h of the rotor slot 21 r0 , the radius R of the circle where the rotor slot 21 is located r0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the rotor slot 21 is located r1 .

[0099] Where: the stator-rotor tooth 22 width ratio between the stator teeth 12 and the rotor teeth 22 is K2 = t s1 / t r1 .

[0100] The tooth width t1, the angle between the tooth width and the center of the circle is θ2, the slot height h0, the radius of the circle where the slot is located R0, and the radius of the circle where the slot bottom is located R1, satisfy the following relationship:

[0101] 1. Angle θ formed by the stator tooth 12 and the line connecting the center of the circle s2 , the opening height h of the stator slot 11 s0 , the radius R of the circle where the stator slot 11 is located s0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the stator slot 11 is located s1 The following relationship is satisfied:

[0102]

[0103] 2. Angle θ formed by the rotor tooth 22 and the line connecting the center of the circle r2 , the height h of the rotor slot 21 r0 , the radius R of the circle where the rotor slot 21 is located r0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the rotor slot 21 is located r1 The following relationship is satisfied:

[0104]

[0105] Furthermore, after the width center lines of the stator and rotor teeth 22 coincide, the angle between the corresponding stator teeth 12 and rotor teeth 22 is defined as the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 , the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied: The stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset by an angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied between the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22:

[0106]

[0107] Since the radius of the circle where the bottom of the stator and rotor slots 21 is located is R s1 、R r1 Much larger than the width t of the stator and rotor teeth 22 s1 , t r1 , then the above formula can be simplified to

[0108]

[0109] From the above, it can be seen that the stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset by an angle θ rs2 It is positively correlated with the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22. rs2 The absolute value of directly affects the phase difference of the n-order tooth harmonics of the stator and rotor (n = 1, 2, 3 ...). As the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22 increases, the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor teeth 22 increases. rs2As the absolute value increases, the harmonic phase difference of the stator and rotor teeth 22 becomes larger, and the tooth harmonic imbalance becomes larger, but the harmonic amplitude of the stator and rotor teeth 22 becomes smaller, and the pulsation loss generated also becomes smaller. Conversely, as the stator and rotor teeth 22 width ratio K2 becomes smaller, the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 As the absolute value decreases, the phase difference of the stator and rotor teeth 22 harmonics becomes smaller, and thus the tooth harmonic imbalance becomes smaller, but the amplitude of the stator and rotor teeth 22 harmonics increases, and the pulsation loss generated also increases accordingly. In actual production, the stator and rotor teeth 22 offset angle θ rs2 If the value is too large or too small, the cogging effect will be aggravated, resulting in uneven magnetic field distribution and harmonics, which will affect the motor performance and noise.

[0110] The present invention realizes the offset angle θ of the stator and rotor teeth 22 by controlling the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22. rs2 By controlling the stator and rotor teeth 22, the offset angle is optimized, thereby reducing the cogging effect and adjusting the harmonic balance of the stator and rotor teeth 22, effectively reducing the additional loss caused by the increase in the asynchronous additional torque caused by the tooth harmonics, improving the motor efficiency, and solving the problem of torque dead point caused by the low vibration force wave order caused by the poor harmonic magnetic field of the stator and rotor teeth 22, and the resulting poor vibration noise; solving the problem of weak motor load capacity under harsh working conditions, optimizing the number of stator and rotor slots 21 according to the compressor displacement and working conditions, and achieving high-power and stable operation of the compressor while ensuring motor efficiency.

[0111] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, a better solution for a single-phase asynchronous motor is:

[0112] The width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22 satisfies: 1<K2<2; and When the stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset by an angle θ rs2 satisfy

[0113] Optimally, when the stator and rotor teeth 22 are offset at an angle At this time, the harmonic amplitude and phase difference of the stator and rotor teeth 22 are balanced, the asynchronous additional torque caused by the slot effect is minimized, and the motor efficiency is improved. In actual production application, the radius of the circle where the bottom of the stator and rotor slots 21 is located is R s1 、R r1 According to the compressor displacement, the optimal stator and rotor tooth 22 offset angle θ can be met by adjusting the K2 value. rs2 .

[0114] It should be noted that the structure of the rotor slot 21 of the present invention is not limited, and can be designed so that the bottom and top shapes of the slot are the same or different, and the shape can be round bottom, flat bottom, square bottom, or pointed bottom. The structure can be a single cage slot type or a double cage slot type, and can be an open slot, a closed slot, a semi-open slot, or a semi-closed slot. The size of the slot area is not limited and can be changed according to the actual operating power requirement of the compressor.

[0115] By adopting the above solution of the present invention, it can be seen that the motor efficiency and motor torque test are significantly improved. Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. Figure 4 This is the motor performance curve, and the efficiency is significantly improved; Figure 5 The motor of the prior art has three torque dead points, which are respectively shown in the boxes. However, with the stator and rotor structure of the present invention, the motor has no obvious dead points.

[0116] The motor of the present invention realizes the stator and rotor teeth 22 and the slot offset angle θ by controlling the number ratio K1 of the stator and rotor slots 21 and the width ratio K2 of the stator and rotor teeth 22. rs1 ,θ rs2 By controlling the magnetic field, the efficiency is improved, and the vibration and noise problems caused by torque fluctuations are effectively solved; at the same time, additional losses are reduced to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0117] Example 3:

[0118] The present invention provides a compressor comprising the above-mentioned motor.

[0119] As a further improvement of the present invention, the motor is a single-phase asynchronous 2-pole motor.

[0120] Example 4:

[0121] The present invention provides an air conditioner, comprising the above-mentioned compressor.

[0122] First of all, it should be noted that “inward” refers to the direction toward the center of the accommodating space, and “outward” refers to the direction away from the center of the accommodating space.

[0123] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the attached Figure 1 The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0124] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0125] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0126] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0127] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0128] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A stator and rotor structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stator punching sheet and a rotor punching sheet with concentric inner and outer diameters; the stator punching sheet has a stator slot; the rotor punching sheet has a rotor slot; the number of the stator slots is Z s1 , the number of rotor slots is Z r1 ; Stator and rotor slot number ratio K1=Z s1 / Z r1 , and 0<K1<1.

2. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The range of the stator-rotor slot number ratio K1 is: 0<K1≤0.

8.

3. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angle θ between two adjacent stator slots s0 The angle between the center line of the stator slot and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the stator punching sheet is θ s1 The number of stator slots, the angle between two adjacent stator slots, and the angle between the center line of the stator slot and the center line of the inner and outer diameters satisfy the following formula: i s0 =2θ s1 =2π / Z s1 。 4. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between two adjacent rotor slots is θ r0 The angle between the center line of the rotor slot and the center line of the inner and outer diameters of the rotor punching is θ r1 The number of rotor slots, the angle between two adjacent rotor slots, and the angle between the rotor slot centerline and the inner and outer diameter centerlines satisfy the following formula: θ r0 =2θ r1 =2π / Z r1 .

5. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle between the center line of the stator slot and the center line of the rotor slot is the stator-rotor slot offset angle θ. rs1 , the stator and rotor slot offset angle θ rs1 The ratio of the number of stator and rotor slots K1 should satisfy the following formula: and 6. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a stator tooth between two adjacent stator slots; the tooth width of the stator tooth is t s1 ; Between two adjacent rotor slots is a rotor tooth; the tooth width of the rotor tooth is t r1 ; The stator-rotor tooth width ratio between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth K2 = t s1 / t r1 .

7. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle θ formed by the stator teeth and the line connecting the center of the circle s2 , the stator slot mouth height h s0 , the radius of the circle where the stator slot is located is R s0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the stator slot is located s1 The following relationship is satisfied:

8. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle θ formed by the rotor teeth and the line connecting the center of the circle r2 , the rotor slot mouth height h r0 , the radius of the circle where the rotor slot is located is R r0 , the radius R of the circle where the bottom of the rotor slot is located r1 The following relationship is satisfied:

9. The stator and rotor structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The corresponding angle between the stator teeth and the rotor teeth is the stator-rotor tooth offset angle θ rs2 , the stator and rotor tooth offset angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied: And the stator and rotor teeth offset angle θ rs2 The following relationship is satisfied between the stator and rotor tooth width ratio K2: Or, 10. A motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises the stator and rotor structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A compressor, characterized in that: Comprising the motor as claimed in claim 10.

12. An air conditioner, characterized in that: Comprising the compressor of claim 11.

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