Wear-resistant, anti-blocking and energy-saving horizontal screw centrifuge with slag outlet

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear-resistant, anti-blocking and energy-saving horizontal spiral centrifuge with slag outlets, which comprises a housing, a rotary drum is rotatably connected in the housing, a spiral propeller having a speed difference with the rotation of the rotary drum is rotatably connected in the rotary drum, the rotary drum comprises a straight pipe and a taper pipe, the slag outlet end of the taper pipe is provided with a group of slag outlets uniformly distributed along the center of the taper pipe, and the slag outlets are communicated with the straight pipe and the taper pipe. A slag discharging slope is arranged on one side of each slag outlet along the rotating direction of the taper pipe, so that the opening of each slag outlet is gradually enlarged; a large-end main shaft is fixed at the water outlet end of the straight pipe, and a group of liquid outlets which are uniformly distributed along the center of the straight pipe are formed in the large-end main shaft. The slag discharging slope is arranged in the rotating direction, so that resistance is small, slag discharging is smooth, material friction is reduced, the service life of the slag outlet is prolonged, energy consumption is reduced, and the slag discharging device is worthy of application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a centrifuge, in particular to a horizontal screw centrifuge, and more particularly to a horizontal screw centrifuge with a wear-resistant, anti-blocking and energy-saving slag outlet. Background Art

[0002] In the design and manufacture of centrifuges in my country, due to the separation of solid and liquid phases during operation, the liquid phase is discharged from the liquid outlet, while the solid phase is discharged from the slag outlet. During this slag discharge process, the slag outlet wears particularly quickly. If the centrifuge is operated continuously, the slag outlet will be severely worn in less than half a year. Common anti-wear methods, such as painting and adding sleeves at the slag outlet, are easy to be scraped off by the friction of the solid phase during operation. The sleeve is also easy to fall off under the continuous impact of the solid phase. The anti-wear effect is not particularly ideal. At the same time, it does not significantly help to prevent the blockage of the solid phase outlet and reduce energy consumption.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN 223010800 U discloses a decanter centrifuge with a liquid discharge structure. The decanter centrifuge includes a rotating drum, a screw conveyor, a liquid outlet, and a feed pipe. The screw conveyor is disposed within the rotating drum, which is equipped with a large end cap. The side of the large end cap is provided with: a first centrifugal pump connected to a liquid discharge pipe equipped with a valve; and a second centrifugal pump connected to a liquid discharge pipe connected to the liquid discharge pipe. The discharge pipe is connected to the liquid discharge pipe. The discharge pipe is easily blocked during solid phase discharge and is prone to severe wear and tear after long-term operation. Furthermore, when the rotating drum rotates, the solid phase is ejected tangentially to the drum, resulting in high resistance to the drum's rotation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a decanter centrifuge with a wear-resistant, anti-blocking and energy-saving slag outlet, which meets the requirements of anti-blocking and low energy consumption of the decanter centrifuge slag outlet.

[0005] The present invention solves its technical problems by adopting a technical solution: this wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet includes a cover shell, a drum is rotatably connected inside the cover shell, a spiral propeller with a speed difference with the drum is rotatably connected inside the drum, the drum includes a straight tube and a conical tube, the slag discharge end of the conical tube is provided with a group of slag outlets evenly distributed along the center of the conical tube, each slag outlet is provided with a slag discharge slope along the rotation of the conical tube to one side, so that the opening of the slag outlet is gradually enlarged; the water outlet end of the straight tube is fixed with a large end main shaft, and the large end main shaft is provided with a group of liquid outlets evenly distributed along the center of the straight tube. The function of the slag outlet and the slag discharge slope here is to reduce the slag discharge resistance and the friction of the solid phase, reduce wear and reduce energy consumption, and when the solid phase is discharged, if some solid phases are discharged in columnar form, the solid phases can be cut into small sections and discharged quickly through the corner between the slag outlet and the slag discharge slope to avoid blockage of the slag outlet, which has a good anti-blocking effect. In addition, the rapid discharge of the solid phase can also avoid long-term wear between the solid phase and the slag outlet, making the slag outlet wear less, the maintenance cost lower, and the service life of the centrifuge longer; the function of the drum and the screw propeller here is to use the differential to enable the drum and the screw propeller to maintain a constant speed difference, so that the material is stratified by centrifugal force and the solid-liquid separation of the material is carried out by the screw propeller for discharge; the function of the large end spindle and the liquid outlet here is to be able to quickly discharge the liquid phase; the slag discharge slope forms an opening to gradually increase the slag outlet, reduce the slag discharge resistance and reduce material friction (reduce wear and reduce energy consumption).

[0006] To further improve the centrifuge, a mounting hole is opened at the slag outlet end of each slag outlet, and a ceramic wear-resistant sleeve is installed at each mounting hole. The function of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve here is to make the slag outlet have stronger wear resistance. When the solid phase continuously impacts the slag outlet, the wear resistance of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve prevents the slag outlet from being worn, thereby avoiding maintenance, reducing the cost of use, and increasing the service life of the centrifuge. At the same time, the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve is installed at the place where the solid phase first contacts the slag outlet to further increase the wear resistance of the slag outlet. Ceramic wear-resistant sleeves play an important role in the industrial field. They are a high-strength, high-wear-resistant material that is currently available on the market.

[0007] For further improvement, the outer contour of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve is provided with a circular groove, and the inner contour surface of the mounting port is provided with a group of elliptical sockets evenly distributed along the mounting port, each elliptical socket is connected with a plug rod, and a compression spring is installed between the plug rod and the bottom surface of the elliptical socket, and the head end of the plug rod is fixed with an insert block that is inserted into the circular groove, and the side of the insert block is provided with a guiding extrusion slope; a rubber elastic pad is provided between the bottom surface of the mounting port and the bottom surface of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve. The role of the circular slot, elliptical socket, insertion rod, compression spring and insertion block here is to clamp the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve to avoid the problem that the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve is squeezed and loosened when a large amount of solid phase is discharged, and the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve falls out of the installation port. After the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve falls out, it not only cannot play a wear-resistant role on the slag outlet, but also under the condition of high speed of the drum, the fallen ceramic wear-resistant sleeve will cause impact damage to the inner wall of the drum, and the impact noise is very large, which may cause the centrifuge to be scrapped in severe cases. The role of the guiding extrusion slope here is that when the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve is assembled to the installation port, the side end of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve will press against the guiding extrusion slope to move, thereby driving the insertion rod Move, and at the same time drive the compression spring to compress and store energy. When the plug-in block is matched with the circular groove, the pushing force of the compression spring will make the plug-in block matched with the circular groove and make a "click" matching sound. The role of the rubber elastic pad here is to avoid the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve from floating slightly. Since the circular groove on the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve needs to exceed the position of the plug-in block slightly, the plug-in block will be stuck in the circular groove by the elastic force of the compression spring. Therefore, the rubber elastic pad can ensure that the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve moves a little more, so that the plug-in block can be smoothly stuck in the circular groove and the rebound force of the rubber elastic pad can ensure that the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve is stable and will not be slightly loose.

[0008] Further improvement, the mounting opening is provided with a matching hole with a cross-section larger than that of the mounting opening and coaxially arranged with the mounting opening. A circular ring block is inserted into the matching hole, and the circular ring block is fastened to the tapered tube by a fastener. The function of the matching hole and the circular ring block here is to facilitate the replacement of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve. No matter how wear-resistant the component is, it will wear out. When the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve is worn due to long-term use, the circular ring block can be removed, thereby removing the severely worn ceramic wear-resistant sleeve and replacing it with a new one, which reduces maintenance costs.

[0009] As a further improvement, a block with an annular groove is fixed to the outer contour of the conical tube, and a baffle plate is fixed to the cover shell to match the annular groove. The function of the block, annular groove, and baffle plate is to prevent the solid phase from flying around when it is discharged from the slag outlet, preventing it from being thrown onto the outer contour of the straight tube and the outer contour of the conical tube, thus avoiding the trouble of cleaning the drum.

[0010] As a further improvement, the screw propeller is equipped with a guide inclined surface on the side of the slag outlet for guiding solid phase. The function of the guide inclined surface is to prevent the solid phase from accumulating in the cone below the slag outlet. Under the high-speed rotation of the screw propeller, the inclined force of the guide inclined surface allows the solid phase to be quickly pushed out and discharged from the slag outlet, avoiding blockage and accumulation of solid phases that cannot be discharged in time.

[0011] Further improvements are made by providing a first self-lubricating layer on the inner contour surfaces of both the straight and tapered tubes. The outer contours of the propeller blades on the propeller are attached to the inner contour surfaces of the straight and tapered tubes. The function of this first self-lubricating layer is to make the outer contours of the propeller blades fit more closely to the inner wall of the drum, thereby not only enabling the propeller blades to more thoroughly drive the solid phase out of the drum, but also reducing friction and noise when the propeller blades touch the inner wall of the drum, thereby increasing the solid phase discharge rate and efficiency of the material, and preventing small amounts of solid phase from being retained on the inner wall of the drum. This first self-lubricating layer is made of tin bronze.

[0012] Further improvements are made by providing a second self-lubricating layer on the outer contours of each rod and block. This layer ensures smoother movement of the rod within the elliptical socket, preventing it from getting stuck. The second layer on the outer contour of the block ensures quick and smooth movement of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve when pushing against the block, minimizing noise between the sleeve and the block. The second layer is made of tin bronze.

[0013] For further improvement, a group of arc-shaped grooves are evenly distributed along the center of the big-end main shaft on the outer end surface. The number of each arc-shaped groove is consistent with the number of each liquid outlet. The inlet end of each arc-shaped groove is connected to the liquid outlet. When the drum rotates, the liquid discharged from each arc-shaped groove is discharged in the opposite direction. The function of the arc-shaped groove here is to guide the liquid phase to be discharged from the drum, and the discharged liquid phase is to promote the rotation direction of the drum, so that it not only does not act as a resistance to the rotation of the drum, but can help the drum rotate, avoid the liquid phase from splashing randomly, and reduce the energy consumption of the centrifuge. It also plays a good protective role for the bearing seat next to the liquid outlet, so that the liquid phase does not enter the bearing seat and destroy its internal oil film, resulting in increased wear during the operation of the centrifuge.

[0014] As a further improvement, each arc-shaped groove is fastened with an arc guide cylinder by a fastener. The function of the arc guide cylinder is to guide the liquid phase to be discharged, and when the liquid phase is discharged, it can assist the rotation of the drum, so that it will not increase the rotation resistance of the drum, but can make the drum rotate more easily, achieving energy-saving effect.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1) Through the slag outlet and slag discharge slope, the slag outlet opening is gradually enlarged, thereby reducing the slag discharge resistance and reducing material friction;

[0017] 2) The ceramic wear-resistant sleeve can significantly improve the wear resistance of the feed side of the slag outlet during long-term use, thereby reducing maintenance and increasing the service life of the decanter centrifuge;

[0018] 3) The ceramic wear-resistant sleeve can be easily limited by the circular slot, oval socket, plug rod, compression spring, plug block and rubber elastic pad to prevent it from falling off from the installation port;

[0019] 4). The ceramic wear-resistant sleeve with severe wear can be easily replaced through the matching holes and the ring block;

[0020] 5) The arc groove and circular guide cylinder can guide the liquid phase to be discharged from the drum, and the discharged liquid phase will push the drum in the direction of rotation, so it will not only not hinder the rotation of the drum, but will help the drum to rotate, avoid the liquid phase from splashing randomly, and reduce the energy consumption of the centrifuge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slag outlet area in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid outlet area in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 The three-dimensional shape of the cone tube in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 5 The three-dimensional shape of the cone tube in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 6 is a side view of the cone tube in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 AA section view;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A local enlarged view of area B;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of liquid being thrown out from each arc guide cylinder in the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of the reference numerals: cover shell 1, blocking plate 1-1, drum 2, straight tube 2-1, tapered tube 2-2, slag outlet 2-2a, slag discharge slope 2-2b, installation port 2-2c, elliptical socket 2-2d, matching hole 2-2e, stopper 2-2f, annular groove 2a-2f, insertion rod 2-3, insertion block 2-3a, guide extrusion slope 2a-3a, compression spring 2-4, screw propeller 3, guide inclined surface 3-1, large end main shaft 4, liquid outlet 4-1, arc groove 4-2, ceramic wear-resistant sleeve 5, annular groove 5-1, rubber elastic pad 6, circular ring block 7, first self-lubricating layer 8, second self-lubricating layer 9, arc guide cylinder 10, slag discharge channel 11, liquid discharge channel 12, solid phase 13, liquid phase 14, bearing seat 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Referring to the accompanying drawings: This wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet includes a cover shell 1, a drum 2 is rotatably connected inside the cover shell 1, a spiral propeller 3 with a speed difference from the drum 2 is rotatably connected inside the drum 2, the drum 2 includes a straight tube 2-1 and a conical tube 2-2, the slag outlet end of the conical tube 2-2 is provided with a group of slag outlets 2-2a evenly distributed along the center of the conical tube 2-2, each slag outlet 2-2a is provided with a slag discharge slope 2-2b along the conical tube 2-2 to one side, so that the opening of the slag outlet 2-2a gradually increases; the water outlet end of the straight tube 2-1 is fixed with a large end main shaft 4, and the large end main shaft 4 is provided with a group of liquid outlets 4-1 evenly distributed along the center of the straight tube 2-1.

[0033] A mounting opening 2 - 2c is provided at the slag discharge end of each slag discharge opening 2 - 2a, and a ceramic wear-resistant sleeve 5 is installed at each mounting opening 2 - 2c.

[0034] The outer contour of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve 5 is provided with a circular groove 5-1, and the inner contour surface of the mounting port 2-2c is provided with a group of elliptical sockets 2-2d evenly distributed along the mounting port 2-2c, and each elliptical socket 2-2d is plugged with an insertion rod 2-3, and a compression spring 2-4 is installed between the insertion rod 2-3 and the bottom surface of the elliptical socket 2-2d. The head end of the insertion rod 2-3 is fixed with an insertion block 2-3a that is plugged into the circular groove 5-1, and the side of the insertion block 2-3a is provided with a guiding extrusion inclined surface 2a-3a; a rubber elastic pad 6 is provided between the bottom surface of the mounting port 2-2c and the bottom surface of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve 5.

[0035] A matching hole 2-2e with a cross section larger than that of the mounting opening 2-2c and coaxially arranged with the mounting opening 2-2c is opened at the mounting opening 2-2c. A circular ring block 7 is inserted into the matching hole 2-2e, and the circular ring block 7 is fastened to the cone tube 2-2 by a fastener.

[0036] A stopper 2-2f is fixed on the outer contour of the cone tube 2-2, and an annular groove 2a-2d is opened on the stopper 2-2f. A blocking plate 1-1 that matches the annular groove 2a-2f is fixed on the cover shell 1.

[0037] The screw propeller 3 is located on the side of the slag outlet 2-2a and is provided with a guiding inclined surface 3-1 for guiding the solid phase.

[0038] The inner contour surfaces of the straight tube 2-1 and the tapered tube 2-2 are both provided with a first self-lubricating layer 8, and the outer contours of the spiral propulsion blades on the propeller 3 are attached to the inner contour surfaces of the straight tube 2-1 and the tapered tube 2-2.

[0039] The outer contour of each insertion rod 2 - 3 and the insertion block 2 - 3a is provided with a second self-lubricating layer 9 .

[0040] A group of arc-shaped grooves 4-2 are uniformly distributed along the center of the big-end main shaft 4 on the outer end surface of the big-end main shaft 4. The number of each arc-shaped groove 4-2 is consistent with the number of each liquid outlet 4-1. The inlet end of each arc-shaped groove 4-2 is connected to the liquid outlet 4-1. When the drum 2 rotates, the liquid phase discharged from each arc-shaped groove 4-2 is discharged in the reverse direction.

[0041] An arc guide tube 9 is fastened to each arc groove 4 - 2 via a fastener.

[0042] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: When the horizontal screw centrifuge is running, the drum 2 and the screw propeller 3 rotate at high speed in the same direction with a certain differential speed. The material is continuously introduced into the inner cylinder of the screw propeller 3 from the feed pipe, and enters the drum 2 after acceleration. Under the strong action of centrifugal force, the heavier solid phase 13 is deposited on the wall of the drum 2 to form a sediment layer. The screw propeller 3 pushes the deposited solid phase 13 continuously to the cone tube 2-2, and is discharged quickly, anti-blocking, and with low resistance through the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve 5 and the slag outlet 2-2a and then through the slag discharge slope 2-2b and falls to the designated position through the slag discharge channel 11 to collect the solid phase. The lighter liquid phase 14 forms an inner liquid ring, which continuously overflows from the liquid outlet 4-1 at the large end main shaft 4 at the side end of the drum 2 and is accelerated to be ejected through the guidance of each arc guide cylinder 10, thereby assisting the rotation of the drum 2 and preventing the liquid phase 14 from splashing at will, thereby increasing the power for the rotation of the drum 2 (such as Figure 9 As shown); in addition, the ejection direction of the liquid phase 14 is controlled, so that the liquid phase 6 will not splash randomly like a traditional centrifuge, and the liquid phase 14 will not directly impact the surface of the large-end main shaft 4, causing it to be corroded and reduce its service life. It also plays a good protective role on the bearing seat 15 at the side end of the liquid outlet 4-1, so that the liquid phase 14 will not enter the bearing seat 15 and destroy its internal oil film, causing its wear to increase. It meets the needs of enterprises in production, saving worry, saving labor, low maintenance cost and energy saving, and is worthy of promotion and application.

[0043] Although the invention has been shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A decanter centrifuge with a wear-resistant, anti-blocking, and energy-saving slag outlet, comprising a housing (1), a drum (2) rotatably connected to the housing (1), and a screw propeller (3) rotatably connected to the drum (2) and having a speed difference with the drum (2), wherein the screw propeller is characterized by: The rotary drum (2) comprises a straight tube (2-1) and a conical tube (2-2); a slag discharge end of the conical tube (2-2) is provided with a group of slag discharge ports (2-2a) evenly distributed along the center of the conical tube (2-2); each of the slag discharge ports (2-2a) is provided with a slag discharge slope (2-2b) along the conical tube (2-2) to one side, so that the opening of the slag discharge port (2-2a) gradually increases; a large end main shaft (4) is fixed to the water outlet end of the straight tube (2-1); and a group of liquid outlet ports (4-1) evenly distributed along the center of the straight tube (2-1) are opened on the large end main shaft (4).

2. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting opening (2-2c) is provided at the slag discharge end of each slag discharge opening (2-2a), and a ceramic wear-resistant sleeve (5) is installed at each mounting opening (2-2c).

3. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer contour of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve (5) is provided with a circular groove (5-1); the inner contour surface of the mounting opening (2-2c) is provided with a group of elliptical insertion holes (2-2d) evenly distributed along the mounting opening (2-2c); an insertion rod (2-3) is inserted into each of the elliptical insertion holes (2-2d); a compression spring (2-4) is installed between the insertion rod (2-3) and the bottom surface of the elliptical insertion hole (2-2d); an insertion block (2-3a) inserted into the circular groove (5-1) is fixed at the head end of the insertion rod (2-3); a guiding extrusion inclined surface (2a-3a) is provided on the side surface of the insertion block (2-3a); and a rubber elastic pad (6) is provided between the bottom surface of the mounting opening (2-2c) and the bottom surface of the ceramic wear-resistant sleeve (5).

4. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting opening (2-2c) is provided with a matching hole (2-2e) having a cross-section larger than the mounting opening (2-2c) and coaxially arranged with the mounting opening (2-2c); a circular ring block (7) is inserted into the matching hole (2-2e); and the circular ring block (7) is fastened to the conical tube (2-2) via a fastener.

5. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stopper (2-2f) is fixed on the outer contour of the cone tube (2-2), a ring-shaped groove (2a-2f) is formed on the stopper (2-2f), and a stopper plate (1-1) matched with the ring-shaped groove (2a-2f) is fixed on the cover shell (1).

6. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw propeller (3) is located on the side of the slag outlet (2-2a) and is provided with a guiding inclined surface (3-1) for guiding solid phase matter.

7. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first self-lubricating layer (8) is provided on the inner contour surfaces of the straight tube (2-1) and the tapered tube (2-2), and the outer contours of the spiral propulsion blades on the screw propeller (3) are attached to the inner contour surfaces of the straight tube (2-1) and the tapered tube (2-2).

8. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer contours of each of the inserting rods (2-3) and the inserting blocks (2-3a) are provided with a second self-lubricating layer (9).

9. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A group of arcuate grooves (4-2) are uniformly distributed along the center of the big end main shaft (4) on the outer end surface of the big end main shaft (4), the number of each arcuate groove (4-2) is consistent with the number of each liquid outlet (4-1), and the inlet end of each arcuate groove (4-2) is connected to the liquid outlet (4-1).

10. The wear-resistant, anti-blocking, energy-saving decanter centrifuge with a slag outlet according to claim 9, characterized in that: A circular arc guide cylinder (10) is fastened to each of the arc-shaped grooves (4-2).

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