Model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of measuring force, and particularly relates to a model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system and method. The technical scheme is as follows: a model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system, comprising a spray needle body, one end of the spray needle body is provided with a nozzle, an oil cylinder is installed on the spray needle body, a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the oil cylinder, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, the other end of the rotating rod is fixed with a deflector, the deflector is provided with a circular hole for the jet water column of the nozzle to pass through, the side surface of the nozzle is fixed with a support plate, the middle segment of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the support plate, and an angular displacement sensor is connected to the rotation shaft between the rotating rod and the support plate. The present application provides a model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system and method which can realize high-precision adjustment and testing without repeated disassembly, dynamic measurement and control, and full opening degree domain.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of measuring force, and particularly relates to a model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As core equipment in the field of national hydropower energy, the safe, stable and efficient operation of large-capacity impulse water turbines is the goal that researchers have been pursuing. When the unit is in the load rejection condition, the jet flow should be quickly cut off to avoid high speed of the unit leading to unit failure. If the needle stroke is quickly adjusted to the closed state to cut off the jet flow, it may cause high-pressure water hammer in the nozzle and ring pipe, leading to damage to the unit. Therefore, the needle deflector is first controlled to cut into the jet flow to cut off the water flow to the runner, and then the needle stroke is gradually closed to make the runner stop safely and stably. In order to more accurately control the deflector, the force characteristics of the deflector at different angles need to be measured and controlled.

[0003] The existing method for testing the force characteristics of the deflector at home and abroad is to fix a torque meter on the rotating shaft of the deflector, and use the torque meter to test the torque of the deflector. The angle of the deflector is adjusted by adjusting the circumferential position of the pin on the coupling, and the adjustment accuracy is determined by the density of the pin hole. Generally, the angle change accuracy is not less than 2°. After the torque test at the characteristic deflector angle is completed, the device needs to be disassembled and reassembled for the next angle deflector force characteristic test. The conventional vertical impulse model unit needs about 8 hours to disassemble and assemble once, and the test efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system and method which can realize high-precision adjustment test without repeated disassembly, dynamic measurement and control, and full opening degree domain.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0006] A model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system, comprising a needle body, one end of the needle body is provided with a nozzle, an oil cylinder is installed on the needle body, a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the oil cylinder, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with a rotating rod, the other end of the rotating rod is fixed with a deflector, a circular hole is arranged on the deflector for the jet water column of the nozzle to pass through, a support plate is fixed to the side surface of the nozzle, the middle segment of the rotating rod is rotatably connected with the support plate, and an angle displacement sensor is connected to the rotating shaft between the rotating rod and the support plate.

[0007] When the oil cylinder pushes the connecting rod to act, the connecting rod drives the rotating rod to rotate, so that the angle of the deflector changes accordingly. The piston rod extension distance of the oil cylinder has a certain relationship with the angle of the deflector, so that the angle of the deflector can be accurately controlled by controlling the oil amount of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder.

[0008] The present application can control the deflector angle to any target value in the full angle domain in real time without disassembling the device, greatly improving the test efficiency.

[0009] The present application can realize high-precision adjustment of the deflector angle by controlling the deflector angle with the oil cylinder, and the control precision can reach 0.01°, which is much higher than the control precision of the existing test method.

[0010] The measurement and control system of the present application tests after the deflector angle adjustment is completed. The pressure oil cavity is a closed cavity during testing, the deflector angle stability is strong, and the test system has little interference to the force characteristics of the test object.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the present application, when the deflector angle is 0°, the water jet is ejected from the round hole of the deflector; when the deflector is turned to the maximum angle, the deflector completely cuts off the water jet.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the oil cylinder is provided with a rod cavity inlet and outlet hole and a rodless cavity inlet and outlet hole; the rod cavity inlet and outlet hole is connected with a No. 1 three-way joint through an oil pipe, the No. 1 three-way joint is connected with a No. 1 absolute pressure sensor through an oil pipe, the rodless cavity inlet and outlet hole is connected with a No. 2 three-way joint through an oil pipe, and the No. 2 three-way joint is connected with a No. 2 absolute pressure sensor through an oil pipe.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the present application, it further includes a central control room data collector, and the angular displacement sensor, the No. 1 absolute pressure sensor and the No. 2 absolute pressure sensor are electrically connected with the central control room data collector.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the No. 1 three-way joint is further connected with a No. 1 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve through an oil pipe, and the No. 2 three-way joint is further connected with a No. 2 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve through an oil pipe.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the No. 1 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve is connected with a first oil tank through an oil discharge pipe, and the No. 2 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve is connected with a second oil tank through an oil discharge pipe.

[0016] As a preferred scheme of the present application, it further includes a central control room signal controller, and the No. 1 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and the No. 2 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve are electrically connected with the central control room signal controller.

[0017] The signal controller in the central control room controls the on-off of the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve, and further controls the on-off of the first three-way joint and the second three-way joint. When the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and the first three-way joint are opened, the hydraulic oil in the first oil tank enters the rod cavity of the oil cylinder through the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and the first three-way joint. When the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and the second three-way joint are opened, the hydraulic oil in the second oil tank enters the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder through the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and the second three-way joint. Further, the stroke of the oil cylinder piston rod is accurately controlled. The data collector in the central control room collects the signals of the first absolute pressure sensor at the first three-way joint, the second absolute pressure sensor at the second three-way joint and the angular displacement sensor.

[0018] As a preferred scheme of the present application, a fixed ring is fixed on the spray needle body, and a guide hole is arranged on the fixed ring, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder passes through the guide hole.

[0019] A model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control method, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: obtaining a relationship curve of oil cylinder stroke change and deflector angle change, which is a data basis for controlling the deflector angle by controlling the oil cylinder stroke;

[0021] S2: controlling the action of the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve and the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve according to the relationship curve of oil cylinder stroke change and deflector angle change;

[0022] S3: when the angular displacement sensor detects that the angle value has reached the target angle value, the deflector force characteristic test is performed.

[0023] As a preferred scheme of the present application, when the oil cylinder is controlled to act, the following conditions are maintained:

[0024] ;

[0025] Wherein, PWM1 is the duty ratio of the high-level control signal of the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve, PWM2 is the duty ratio of the high-level control signal of the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve, 无杆腔 is the cross-sectional area of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder, 有杆腔 is the cross-sectional area of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder.

[0026] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present application can control the deflector angle to any target value in the full angle domain in real time without disassembling the device, greatly improving the test efficiency.

[0028] 2. The present application can realize high-precision adjustment of the deflector angle by controlling the deflector angle through the oil cylinder, and the control precision can reach 0.01°, which is much higher than the control precision of the existing test method.

[0029] 3. The test control system of the present application tests after the deflector angle adjustment is completed, the pressure oil cavity is a closed cavity during the test, the deflector angle stability is strong, and the test system has small interference to the force characteristics of the test object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is a partial structural diagram of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a state diagram of the deflector without shielding the jet water column;

[0033] Figure 4 is a state diagram of the deflector completely shielding the jet water column;

[0034] Figure 5 is a structural geometric relationship schematic diagram of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 is a high-speed electromagnetic on-off valve PWM control signal schematic diagram.

[0036] In the figure: 1 - spray needle body; 2 - nozzle; 3 - oil cylinder; 4 - connecting rod; 5 - rotating rod; 6 - deflector; 7 - rotating shaft; 8 - angular displacement sensor; 9 - No. 1 three-way joint; 10 - No. 1 absolute pressure sensor; 11 - No. 2 three-way joint; 12 - No. 2 absolute pressure sensor; 13 - central control room data collector; 14 - No. 1 high-speed electromagnetic on-off valve; 15 - No. 2 high-speed electromagnetic on-off valve; 16 - first oil tank; 17 - second oil tank; 18 - central control room signal controller; 1.1 - fixed ring; 2.1 - support plate; 3.1 - oil inlet and outlet hole of rod cavity; 3.2 - oil inlet and outlet hole of rodless cavity; 6.1 - round hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0038] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the application. It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0039] First, the working principle of the deflector 6 is described as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The high-pressure water flows through the nozzle 2 on the injection needle body 1 to form a jet water column. When the angle of the deflector 6 is 0°, the high-speed jet water column is just emitted from the circular hole 6.1 of the deflector 6 and does not affect the jet water column. When the deflector 6 is rotated in the direction of increasing the angle α, the center of the circular hole 6.1 of the deflector 6 gradually deviates from the center of the jet water column, and the deflector 6 will cut into and shield the jet water column until the deflector 6 is rotated to the maximum angle α and the jet water column is completely cut off. When the angle of the deflector 6 gradually changes from the maximum value to 0°, the deflector 6 will gradually reduce the proportion of shielding the jet water column.

[0040] As shown in Figure 2 , the model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system of the embodiment comprises an injection needle body 1, the injection needle body 1 is provided with a nozzle 2 at one end, an oil cylinder 3 is installed on the injection needle body 1, a connecting rod 4 is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the oil cylinder 3, the other end of the connecting rod 4 is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 5, the other end of the rotating rod 5 is fixed with a deflector 6, the deflector 6 is provided with a circular hole 6.1 for the jet water column of the nozzle 2 to pass through, a support plate 2.1 is fixed to the side of the nozzle 2, the middle segment of the rotating rod 5 is rotatably connected with the support plate 2.1, and an angle displacement sensor 8 is connected to the rotating shaft 7 between the rotating rod 5 and the support plate 2.1. A fixed ring 1.1 is fixed to the injection needle body 1, the fixed ring 1.1 is provided with a guide hole, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder 3 passes through the guide hole.

[0041] When the oil cylinder 3 drives the connecting rod 4 to act, the connecting rod 4 drives the rotating rod 5 to rotate, so that the angle of the deflector 6 changes accordingly. The extension distance of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 3 has a certain relationship with the angle of the deflector 6, so that by controlling the oil amount of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 3, the angle of the deflector 6 can be accurately controlled.

[0042] The application can control the angle of the deflector 6 to any target value in the full angle domain in real time without disassembling the device, which greatly improves the test efficiency.

[0043] The application can achieve high-precision adjustment of the angle of the deflector 6 by controlling the angle of the deflector 6 through the oil cylinder 3, and the control precision can reach 0.01°, which is much higher than the control precision of the existing test method.

[0044] The measurement and control system of the present invention is tested after the angle of deflector 6 is adjusted. During the test, the pressure oil chamber is a closed cavity, the angle of deflector 6 is relatively stable, and the test system has little interference with the force characteristics of the test object.

[0045] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is provided with a rod chamber inlet / outlet port 3.1 and a rodless chamber inlet / outlet port 3.2; the rod chamber inlet / outlet port 3.1 is connected to a No. 1 tee connector 9 through an oil pipe, and the No. 1 tee connector 9 is connected to a No. 1 absolute pressure sensor 10 through an oil pipe; the rodless chamber inlet / outlet port 3.2 is connected to a No. 2 tee connector 11 through an oil pipe, and the No. 2 tee connector 11 is connected to a No. 2 absolute pressure sensor 12 through an oil pipe.

[0046] The present invention also includes a central control room data acquisition unit 13, and an angular displacement sensor 8, a first absolute pressure sensor 10 and a second absolute pressure sensor 12 are respectively connected to the central control room data acquisition unit 13 via control signal lines.

[0047] The No. 1 tee connector 9 is also connected to the No. 1 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14 via an oil pipe, and the No. 2 tee connector 11 is also connected to the No. 2 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15 via an oil pipe. The No. 1 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14 is connected to the first oil tank 16 via an oil drain pipe, and the No. 2 high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15 is connected to the second oil tank 17 via an oil drain pipe.

[0048] The present invention also includes a central control room signal controller 18, and a first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14 and a second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15 are respectively connected to the central control room signal controller 18 via control signal lines.

[0049] The central control room signal controller 18 controls the opening and closing of the first high-speed solenoid valve 14 and the second high-speed solenoid valve 15, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the first three-way connector 9 and the second three-way connector 11. When the first high-speed solenoid valve 14 and the first three-way connector 9 are open, the hydraulic oil in the first oil tank 16 enters the rod chamber of the cylinder 3 through the first high-speed solenoid valve 14 and the first three-way connector 9; when the second high-speed solenoid valve 15 and the second three-way connector 11 are open, the hydraulic oil in the second oil tank 17 enters the rodless chamber of the cylinder 3 through the second high-speed solenoid valve 15 and the second three-way connector 11; thus accurately controlling the stroke of the piston rod of the cylinder 3. The central control room data acquisition unit 13 collects the signals from the first absolute pressure sensor 10 at the first three-way connector 9, the second absolute pressure sensor 12 at the second three-way connector 11, and the angular displacement sensor 8, respectively.

[0050] The method for measuring and controlling the force characteristics of the deflector of a model impulse turbine in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0051] like Figure 5As shown, the response speed of the conventional high-speed electromagnetic switch valve is less than 100 ms, and the single injection amount has little effect on the oil cylinder 3 oil rod stroke. The high-frequency on-off of the high-speed electromagnetic switch valve is controlled by the PWM control method, and the angle control accuracy of the deflector 6 can reach 0.01°. The required rotation angle changes little when the deflector position changes from completely unshielding the jet water column to completely shielding the jet water column. The center hole of the rotating shaft 7 is identified as point C, the connection center point of the rotating rod 5 and the connecting rod 4 is point A, and point B makes ΔABC a right triangle. Point E is the connection center point of the connecting rod 4 and the piston rod joint end of the oil cylinder 3, and point D makes ΔADE a right triangle. The relationship curve of the stroke change of the oil cylinder 3 and the angle change of the deflector 6 is obtained by means of geometric relationship, which is the data basis for controlling the angle of the deflector 6 by controlling the stroke of the oil cylinder 3.

[0052] The characteristic relationship between the deflector 6 angle and the oil cylinder 3 in-out oil amount is generated in advance by the measurement and control system. When the target angle is input, the measurement and control system can calculate the required oil cylinder 3 in-out oil amount according to the current angle value, and then apply PWM control signals to the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14 and the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15. When the angle of the deflector 6 is increased, the first oil tank 16 is connected with the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14, the second oil tank 17 is connected with the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15, and the pressure oil in the first oil tank 16 is controlled to enter the rod cavity side. At the same time, PWM control signals are applied to the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15 to control the pressure oil in the rodless cavity to return to the second oil tank 17.

[0053] When the angle of the deflector 6 is decreased, the second oil tank 17 is connected with the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15, the first oil tank 16 is connected with the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14, and the pressure oil in the rod cavity is controlled to return to the first oil tank 16. At the same time, PWM control signals are applied to the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15 to control the pressure oil in the second oil tank 17 to enter the rodless cavity.

[0054] As shown in Figure 6 It should be noted that the cross-sectional areas of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity on both sides are different, and the following conditions need to be met:

[0055] .

[0056] Among them, PWM1 is the duty ratio of the high-level control signal of the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14, PWM2 is the duty ratio of the high-level control signal of the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15, 无杆腔 is the cross-sectional area of the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder 3, 有杆腔 is the cross-sectional area of the rod cavity of the oil cylinder 3.

[0057] Specifically, ; ;

[0058] T O1 T C1 T O2 T C2 T

[0059] When the angular displacement sensor 8 detects that the angle value has reached the target angle value, the control system cuts off the control to the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 14 and the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve 15, and the valve body is automatically closed.

[0060] Generally, after waiting for 10s to 10s, the pressure signals on both sides of the rod cavity and the rodless cavity can be collected in real time through the first absolute pressure sensor 10 and the second absolute pressure sensor 12, and the system synchronously converts the pressure signals into the force characteristic signals of the reflector 6 according to the pre-set device structure parameters.

[0061] The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned optional embodiments, and anyone can derive other various forms of products under the inspiration of the present application, but regardless of any changes in shape or structure, any technical solutions falling within the scope defined by the claims of the present application fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A model impulse water turbine deflector force characteristic measurement and control system, characterized by: The utility model relates to a kind of water jet folding device, including spray needle body (1), spray needle body (1) one end is provided with nozzle (2), oil cylinder (3) is installed on spray needle body (1), the piston rod of oil cylinder (3) is rotatably connected with connecting rod (4), the other end of connecting rod (4) is rotatably connected with rotating rod (5), the other end of rotating rod (5) is fixed with deflector (6), deflector (6) is provided with the round hole (6.1) for the jet water column of nozzle (2) to pass through, the side of nozzle (2) is fixed with support plate (2.1), the middle segment of rotating rod (5) is rotatably connected with support plate (2.1), and the rotation shaft (7) between rotating rod (5) and support plate (2.1) is connected with angular displacement sensor (8); When the angle of deflector (6) is 0 °, the jet water column is emitted from the round hole (6.1) of deflector (6);When deflector (6) is turned to maximum angle, deflector (6) completely cuts off jet water column; The oil cylinder (3) is provided with a rod cavity inlet and outlet oil hole (3.1) and a rod cavity inlet and outlet oil hole (3.2);The rod cavity inlet and outlet oil hole (3.1) is connected with a three-way joint (9) by oil pipe, the three-way joint (9) is connected with a first absolute pressure sensor (10) by oil pipe, the rod cavity inlet and outlet oil hole (3.2) is connected with a second three-way joint (11) by oil pipe, and the second three-way joint (11) is connected with a second absolute pressure sensor (12) by oil pipe; It also includes a central control room data collector (13), and the angular displacement sensor (8), the first absolute pressure sensor (10) and the second absolute pressure sensor (12) are electrically connected with the central control room data collector (13) respectively; The first three-way joint (9) is also connected with a first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (14) by oil pipe, and the second three-way joint (11) is also connected with a second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (15) by oil pipe.

2. The model impulse water turbine stay vane force characteristic measurement and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (14) is connected with a first oil tank (16) by oil discharge pipe, and the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (15) is connected with a second oil tank (17) by oil discharge pipe.

3. The model impulse water turbine stay vane force characteristic measurement and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a central control room signal controller (18), and the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (14) and the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (15) are electrically connected with the central control room signal controller (18) respectively.

4. The model impulse water turbine stay vane force characteristic measurement and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray needle body (1) is fixed with a fixed ring (1.1), the fixed ring (1.1) is provided with a guide hole, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder (3) passes through the guide hole.

5. A method for measuring and controlling the force characteristics of a deflector of a model impulse water turbine, using the system for measuring and controlling the force characteristics of a deflector of a model impulse water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: the relationship curve of the stroke change of oil cylinder (3) and the angle change of deflector (6) is obtained, which is the data basis for controlling the angle of deflector (6) by controlling the stroke of oil cylinder (3); S2: according to the relationship curve of the stroke change of oil cylinder (3) and the angle change of deflector (6), the first high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (14) and the second high-speed electromagnetic switch valve (15) are controlled to act; S3: when the angular displacement sensor (8) detects that the angle value has reached the target angle value, the force characteristic test of deflector (6) is carried out.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises: When the oil cylinder (3) is controlled to act, keep: ； Wherein, PWM1 is the duty cycle of the control signal of the first high-speed electromagnetic on-off valve (14), PWM2 is the duty cycle of the control signal of the second high-speed electromagnetic on-off valve (15), 无杆腔 is the cross-sectional area of the rodless chamber of the oil cylinder (3), 有杆腔 is the cross-sectional area of the rod chamber of the oil cylinder (3).

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