A solid hydrogen storage bottle for hydrogen energy vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle

Abstract

This invention discloses a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeler. The solid hydrogen storage cylinder includes a shell, an insulation layer, a hydrogen temporary storage chamber, a solid hydrogen storage chamber, a heater, and a waste heat recovery pipe. The insulation layer is fixedly fitted onto the outside of the shell. The hydrogen temporary storage chamber is installed inside the shell and connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe. The solid hydrogen storage chamber is installed inside the shell and contains hydrogen storage alloy powder. The solid hydrogen storage chamber is connected to the hydrogen temporary storage chamber via a one-way valve and has a hydrogen filling port. The heater is installed inside the shell and outside the solid hydrogen storage chamber. A preheating chamber is formed inside the shell, and the waste heat recovery pipe is located inside the preheating chamber and connected to the fuel cell hot air outlet. The preheating chamber is connected to an exhaust pipe. This invention addresses the problem of low driving range in existing technologies at low temperatures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, specifically to a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional two-wheeled vehicles are mostly powered by batteries, primarily lead-acid and lithium batteries, which convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to propel the vehicle. Hydrogen-powered two-wheeled vehicles use hydrogen as an energy source, converting chemical energy into electrical energy through a chemical reaction, and then converting electrical energy into mechanical energy to propel the vehicle. This utilizes hydrogen, and its biggest advantage is that it reacts with oxygen in the air, producing only water vapor, making it truly pollution-free. Pure hydrogen-powered vehicles use hydrogen storage alloy materials to recharge and release hydrogen, but the rate is low and difficult to sustain, resulting in a shorter driving range.

[0003] Currently, there is a mode that uses fuel cell stack power generation and battery energy storage to jointly drive the motor. The control system coordinates the two power generation modules to make efficient use of the hydrogen storage system. However, there are still some problems with hydrogen storage methods. Solid hydrogen storage materials have a stronger ability to adsorb hydrogen at low temperatures, but a weaker ability to release hydrogen. This results in slow vehicle start-up in cold northern regions or when winter temperatures are low. Traditional solutions rely on external electric heating to maintain the temperature of the hydrogen storage materials and ensure hydrogen release, but this increases system energy consumption and reduces driving range. In addition, at low temperatures, the battery chemical reaction slows down, internal resistance increases, and capacity decreases, which also reduces driving range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle, thereby solving the problem of low range in low-temperature environments mentioned in the background art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles, comprising a shell, and further comprising:

[0008] A thermal insulation layer, which is fixedly fitted onto the outside of the housing;

[0009] A hydrogen storage chamber is installed inside the shell and is connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe.

[0010] A solid hydrogen storage chamber is installed inside the shell. The solid hydrogen storage chamber contains hydrogen storage alloy powder. The solid hydrogen storage chamber is connected to the hydrogen temporary storage chamber through a one-way valve. The solid hydrogen storage chamber is also connected to a hydrogen filling port.

[0011] A heater, wherein the heater is installed inside the housing and the heater is installed outside the solid hydrogen storage chamber;

[0012] The waste heat recovery pipe has a preheating chamber inside the shell, and is located inside the preheating chamber. The waste heat recovery pipe is connected to the hot air outlet of the fuel cell. The waste heat recovery pipe is spirally arranged inside the preheating chamber, and the preheating chamber is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0013] To reduce the escape of hydrogen storage alloy powder, a filter chamber is installed inside the solid hydrogen storage chamber, and a purging assembly for cleaning the filter chamber is also included. The purging assembly includes:

[0014] A purge pipe is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipe, and a valve is installed on the purge pipe;

[0015] An air outlet seat is rotatably connected to the purge pipe, and the air outlet seat is located inside the filter chamber;

[0016] The nozzle is provided in multiple ways. The nozzle is connected to the air outlet seat and there is an angle between the nozzle and the air outlet seat. The angle between the multiple nozzles and the air outlet seat is equal.

[0017] To further improve the preheating effect on the hydrogen storage alloy, multiple guide plates are fixedly connected inside the preheating chamber. The guide plates are provided with vents, and the vents on adjacent guide plates are staggered.

[0018] To further improve the hydrogen release efficiency of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, a stirring shaft is rotatably installed inside the solid hydrogen storage chamber, and multiple stirring rods are fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring shaft.

[0019] To further reduce clogging of the filter chamber and ensure hydrogen passage, a cleaning frame is fixedly connected to the end of the agitator shaft, and a cleaning brush is fixedly connected to the cleaning frame, with the cleaning brush in contact with the filter chamber.

[0020] This invention also provides a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle, which uses the aforementioned solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles, and further includes:

[0021] The vehicle body has a battery compartment, and the housing is installed inside the battery compartment.

[0022] A storage battery, which is installed inside the battery compartment;

[0023] A fuel cell, which is installed inside the battery compartment and is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipe.

[0024] To further reduce the impact of low temperatures on the battery and fuel cell, an insulation pad is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the battery compartment, and the battery compartment is connected to a one-way valve.

[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides a solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles and a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeler, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. In this invention, the solid hydrogen storage chamber is heated by a heater, which releases the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy powder. The hydrogen enters the hydrogen temporary storage chamber and is sent to the fuel cell for power supply. The fuel cell and the battery work together to ensure the normal operation of the two-wheeled vehicle and improve the driving range of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0028] 2. In this invention, when the fuel cell stops working, a portion of the hydrogen is stored inside the hydrogen storage chamber under the action of the one-way valve and will not flow back to the solid hydrogen storage chamber to be absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy. When the fuel cell is used again, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage chamber will be supplied to the fuel cell in a timely manner, reducing the waiting time for the hydrogen storage alloy powder to release hydrogen by heating.

[0029] 3. In this invention, the fuel cell generates heat during power generation. The hot gas enters the preheating chamber through the waste heat recovery pipe to preheat the hydrogen storage alloy powder, reducing the work done by the heater, thereby further improving the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell, reducing energy consumption, and increasing the range of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0030] 4. In this invention, the hydrogen storage alloy powder in the solid hydrogen storage chamber is blocked by the filter chamber, so that hydrogen can pass through while preventing the hydrogen storage alloy powder from escaping. At the same time, the purge pipe is opened periodically to allow some hydrogen to flow back into the interior of the filter chamber, backflushing the filter chamber and reducing the residue of hydrogen storage alloy powder on the surface of the filter chamber, ensuring the normal passage of hydrogen, thereby ensuring the normal power supply of the fuel cell.

[0031] 5. In this invention, the stirring shaft drives the stirring rod to stir the hydrogen storage alloy, which allows the hydrogen released from the hydrogen storage alloy at the bottom to flow quickly into the hydrogen storage chamber to supply the fuel cell. At the same time, the stirring shaft drives the cleaning rack and cleaning brush to rotate, cleaning the surface of the filter chamber, further reducing the residue of hydrogen storage alloy on the filter chamber and ensuring the normal passage of hydrogen. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen temporary storage chamber, solid hydrogen storage chamber, filter chamber and purging assembly of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filter chamber and purging assembly of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 For this application Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the exploded structure of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the battery compartment and one-way valve in this application.

[0040] In the picture:

[0041] 1. Shell; 2. Insulation layer; 3. Hydrogen temporary storage chamber; 4. Hydrogen outlet pipe; 5. Solid hydrogen storage chamber; 6. One-way valve; 7. Hydrogen filling port; 8. Heater; 9. Waste heat recovery pipe; 10. Exhaust pipe; 11. Baffle plate; 12. Filter chamber; 13. Agitator shaft; 14. Agitator rod; 15. Cleaning rack; 16. Cleaning brush; 17. Motor; 18. Vehicle body; 19. Battery; 20. Fuel cell; 21. Battery compartment; 22. Insulation pad;

[0042] 101. Purge pipe; 102. Air outlet seat; 103. Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 A solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles includes a shell 1, an insulation layer 2, a hydrogen temporary storage chamber 3, a solid hydrogen storage chamber 5, a heater 8, and a waste heat recovery pipe 9.

[0045] Please see Figures 1 to 3The insulation layer 2 is fixedly fitted onto the outside of the shell 1. The hydrogen storage chamber 3 is installed inside the shell 1 and is connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe 4. The solid hydrogen storage chamber 5 is installed inside the shell 1 and contains hydrogen storage alloy powder. The solid hydrogen storage chamber 5 is connected to the hydrogen storage chamber 3 via a one-way valve 6 and has a hydrogen filling port 7. Hydrogen is added to the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5 through the hydrogen filling port 7, and the hydrogen is adsorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy powder. The heater 8 is installed inside the shell 1 and outside the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5. When hydrogen needs to be supplied to the fuel cell 20, the heater 8 is turned on to heat the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5. After the temperature of the hydrogen storage alloy powder rises, hydrogen begins to be released. As the gas pressure inside the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5 increases, hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage chamber 3 through the one-way valve 6. The hydrogen is stored inside the hydrogen storage chamber 3 and sent to the fuel cell 20 through the hydrogen outlet pipe 4 to generate electricity for the two-wheeled vehicle. Under the action of the one-way valve 6, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage chamber 3 is prevented from flowing back into the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5 and being reabsorbed, so that the hydrogen storage chamber 3 retains a certain amount of hydrogen. This ensures that there is readily available hydrogen when the fuel cell 20 is in use, making up for the waiting time when the heater 8 heats the hydrogen storage alloy to a certain temperature and releases sufficient hydrogen. This allows the fuel cell 20 to supply power in a timely manner. The insulation layer 2 insulates the shell 1, especially the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5, reducing the impact of the low temperature environment on the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5. At the same time, it reduces the heat loss of the heater 8, allowing the hydrogen storage alloy powder to heat up and release hydrogen quickly. This also reduces the work done by the heater 8, reduces energy consumption, and improves the range of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0046] Please see Figure 2 The housing 1 has a preheating chamber inside, and a waste heat recovery pipe 9 is installed inside the preheating chamber. The waste heat recovery pipe 9 is connected to the hot air outlet of the fuel cell 20. The waste heat recovery pipe 9 is spirally arranged inside the preheating chamber. The preheating chamber is connected to an exhaust pipe 10. Multiple guide plates 11 are fixedly connected inside the preheating chamber. The guide plates 11 have vents, and the vents on adjacent guide plates 11 are staggered. The fuel cell 20 converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy to power the two-wheeled vehicle. During the conversion process, heat is released, which is transferred to the fuel cell 20 through the waste heat recovery pipe 9. Inside the preheating chamber, the waste heat recovery pipe 9 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, which can transfer heat to the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5 in a timely manner, preheat the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and recover and utilize the waste heat of the fuel cell 20, thereby reducing the work done by the heater 8, improving hydrogen production efficiency, and reducing energy consumption. The outlet of the waste heat recovery pipe 9 is located at the upper part of the preheating chamber. After the hot gas inside enters the preheating chamber, it falls along the guide plate 11. The spiral waste heat recovery pipe 9 and the guide plate 11 cause the hot gas to fall sequentially, prolonging the residence time of the hot gas in the preheating chamber and ensuring the preheating effect of the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5.

[0047] Please see Figures 1 to 5To reduce the escape of hydrogen storage alloy powder, a filter chamber 12 is installed inside the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5. A purging assembly for cleaning the filter chamber 12 is also included. The purging assembly includes a purging pipe 101, an outlet seat 102, and nozzles 103. The purging pipe 101 is connected to the hydrogen outlet pipe 4, and a valve is installed on the purging pipe 101. The outlet seat 102 is rotatably connected to the purging pipe 101 and is located inside the filter chamber 12. Multiple nozzles 103 are provided, and each nozzle 103 is connected to the outlet seat 102. An angle is formed between the nozzles 103 and the outlet seat 102, and the angles between the multiple nozzles 103 and the outlet seat 102 are equal. Multiple filter holes are provided on the filter chamber 12 to block the hydrogen storage alloy powder. To prevent hydrogen storage alloy powder from entering the hydrogen storage chamber 3 and fuel cell 20, while allowing hydrogen to pass through the filter chamber 12 into the hydrogen storage chamber 3 and fuel cell 20, the purge pipe 101 is periodically opened by a valve, allowing some hydrogen to enter the interior of the outlet seat 102 through the purge pipe 101 and be blown out through the nozzle 103. The nozzle 103 and the outlet seat 102 have a certain tilt angle, which can push the outlet seat 102 to rotate under the reaction force of the hydrogen being blown out, thereby expanding the purging area of ​​the nozzle 103. The gas blown out by the nozzle 103 blows the hydrogen storage alloy powder off the surface of the filter chamber 12 from the inside out, avoiding blockage of the filter holes, thereby ensuring the passage of hydrogen and ensuring the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 20.

[0048] Please see Figures 3 to 5 To further improve the hydrogen release efficiency of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, a stirring shaft 13 is rotatably installed inside the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5. Multiple stirring rods 14 are fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring shaft 13. A cleaning frame 15 is fixedly connected to the end of the stirring shaft 13, and a cleaning brush 16 is fixedly connected to the cleaning frame 15. The cleaning brush 16 contacts the filter chamber 12. A motor 17 is installed inside the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5. The stirring shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 17. The motor 17 is turned on periodically, and the motor 17 drives the stirring shaft 13 and stirring rods 14 to stir the hydrogen storage alloy powder, making the hydrogen storage alloy powder flow, which facilitates the timely discharge of hydrogen gas released from the hydrogen storage alloy powder at the bottom. At the same time, it increases the contact between the hydrogen storage alloy powder and the side wall of the solid hydrogen storage chamber 5, improves the heating effect of the hydrogen storage alloy powder, and thus improves the hydrogen release efficiency. The stirring shaft 13 drives the cleaning frame 15 and cleaning brush 16 to clean the outer wall of the filter chamber 12, further reducing the blockage of the filter chamber 12 by the hydrogen storage alloy powder and ensuring the timely delivery of hydrogen gas.

[0049] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 8The present invention also provides a hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle, which uses the aforementioned solid hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen-powered vehicles, and further includes a vehicle body 18, a battery 19, and a fuel cell 20. A battery compartment 21 is provided on the vehicle body 18, with a housing 1 installed inside the battery compartment 21, the battery 19 installed inside the battery compartment 21, and the fuel cell 20 installed inside the battery compartment 21. The fuel cell 20 is connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe 4. The battery 19 and the fuel cell 20 work together to power the vehicle body 18. To further reduce the impact of low temperatures on the battery 19 and the fuel cell 20, the battery compartment 21... An insulation pad 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall, and a one-way valve 6 is connected to the battery compartment 21. The insulation pad 22 insulates the battery compartment 21, thereby reducing the impact of the low temperature environment on the battery 19, fuel cell 20 and solid hydrogen storage tank for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The hot gas generated by the heater 8 and fuel cell 20 is discharged from the inside of the preheating chamber and enters the inside of the battery compartment 21, so that the battery 19 and fuel cell 20 are maintained at a suitable temperature, reducing the difficulty of hydrogen release caused by low temperature and the energy consumption of battery 19. Excess gas is discharged through the one-way valve 6, while preventing cold air from entering.

[0050] The working principle or usage process of the hydrogen-powered vehicle solid hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeler is as follows: hydrogen is added to the solid hydrogen storage tank 5 through the hydrogen filling port 7. The hydrogen storage alloy powder adsorbs the hydrogen. The battery 19 and fuel cell 20 work together to power the vehicle body 18. When the fuel cell 20 needs to work, the heater 8 is turned on to heat the hydrogen storage alloy powder in the solid hydrogen storage tank 5. The hydrogen storage alloy powder releases hydrogen when heated. As the gas pressure in the solid hydrogen storage tank 5 increases, the hydrogen enters the hydrogen temporary storage tank 3 through the one-way valve 6 and is sent to the fuel cell 20 through the hydrogen outlet pipe 4 to generate electricity and power the two-wheeler.

[0051] The hot gas generated when the fuel cell 20 generates electricity enters the interior of the preheating chamber through the waste heat recovery pipe 9 to recover and utilize the waste heat of the fuel cell 20, reducing the work done by the heater 8. The hot gas enters the interior of the battery compartment 21 through the preheating chamber, keeping the battery 19 and fuel cell 20 at a suitable temperature. The insulation pad 22 and insulation layer 2 reduce the impact of the external low temperature environment on the battery 19 and other components, ensuring the range of the two-wheeled vehicle.

[0052] Periodically turn on the purge pipe 101 and motor 17. Some hydrogen gas is blown into the filter chamber 12 through the purge pipe 101 and nozzle 103 to purge the filter chamber 12. The motor 17 drives the stirring shaft 13 and stirring rod 14 to rotate, stirring the hydrogen gas at the bottom and delivering it to the fuel cell 20 in time. At the same time, the stirring shaft 13 drives the cleaning frame 15 and cleaning brush 16 to rotate, cleaning the surface of the filter chamber 12 and reducing the clogging of the filter chamber 12.

[0053] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A solid hydrogen storage bottle for hydrogen energy vehicles, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that, Also include: The heat preservation layer (2) is fixedly sleeved outside the shell (1); The hydrogen temporary storage bin (3) is installed inside the shell (1), and the hydrogen temporary storage bin (3) is communicated with the hydrogen outlet pipe (4); The solid hydrogen storage bin (5) is installed inside the shell (1), the inside of the solid hydrogen storage bin (5) is filled with hydrogen storage alloy powder, the solid hydrogen storage bin (5) is communicated with the hydrogen temporary storage bin (3) through the one-way valve (6), and the solid hydrogen storage bin (5) is communicated with the hydrogen filling port (7); The heater (8) is installed inside the shell (1), and the heater (8) is installed outside the solid hydrogen storage bin (5); The waste heat recovery pipe (9) is provided in the preheating cavity in the shell (1), the waste heat recovery pipe (9) is communicated with the hot air outlet of the fuel cell (20), and the preheating cavity is communicated with the exhaust pipe (10); The inside of the solid hydrogen storage bin (5) is provided with the filter bin (12), and the purge assembly for cleaning the filter bin (12) is further included; the purge assembly comprises: The purge pipe (101) is communicated with the hydrogen outlet pipe (4), and the valve is installed on the purge pipe (101); the air outlet seat (102) is rotatably communicated with the purge pipe (101), and the air outlet seat (102) is located in the inside of the filter bin (12); the plurality of nozzles (103) are provided, the nozzles (103) are communicated with the air outlet seat (102), an included angle is formed between the nozzles (103) and the air outlet seat (102), and the included angles between the plurality of nozzles (103) and the air outlet seat (102) are equal; A plurality of guide plates (11) are fixedly connected to the inside of the preheating cavity, air vents are formed in the guide plates (11), and the air vents in adjacent two guide plates (11) are staggered; The waste heat recovery pipe (9) is spirally arranged in the preheating cavity; The inside of the solid hydrogen storage bin (5) is rotatably provided with the stirring shaft (13), and a plurality of stirring rods (14) are fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring shaft (13); The end of the stirring shaft (13) is fixedly connected with the cleaning frame (15), the cleaning brush (16) is fixedly connected to the cleaning frame (15), and the cleaning brush (16) is in contact with the filter bin (12).

2. A hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle using the solid-state hydrogen storage cylinder for hydrogen vehicles as claimed in claim 1, wherein, Also include: The vehicle body (18) is provided with the battery bin (21), and the shell (1) is installed in the inside of the battery bin (21); The battery (19) is installed in the inside of the battery bin (21); The fuel cell (20) is installed in the inside of the battery bin (21), and the fuel cell (20) is communicated with the hydrogen outlet pipe (4).

3. The hydrogen-electric hybrid two-wheeled vehicle of claim 2, wherein, The inner wall of the battery compartment (21) is fixedly connected with a heat preservation pad (22), and the battery compartment (21) is communicated with a one-way valve (6).

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