Electric heater

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion, in particular to an electric heater. The electric heater provided by the invention comprises an electric appliance element and a plurality of heating rods. Wherein one end of each heating rod is used for heating to form a heated section, the other end of each heating rod is used for heat dissipation to form a heat dissipation section, one end, far away from the heated section, of the heat dissipation section is adjacent to the electric appliance element, and the multiple heating rods located on the heated section coaxially extend in parallel and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. And the plurality of heating rods positioned on the heat dissipation section are distributed in a manner that the width of the outer contour in the height direction is smaller than the length in the horizontal direction. According to the invention, the heating rods of the heat dissipation section are distributed in a flat manner, so that the superposed heat influence and local high-temperature accumulation of natural convection heat exchange on the heating rods at the upper layer are reduced. Not only can natural heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation section be improved, but also damage to electrical components caused by local high temperature of the heating rod can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion, in particular to an electric heater. Background Art

[0002] Renewable energy generation, such as wind power and photovoltaics, is characterized by significant intermittency and volatility, and its output is significantly affected by factors such as weather and season. As the proportion of renewable energy installed continues to increase, the grid's ability to resist interference decreases and its stability margin is insufficient, posing new challenges to its stable operation. Therefore, increasing the capacity to absorb renewable energy has become an inevitable trend in grid development.

[0003] Electric heating is an important way to incorporate new energy. To achieve precise temperature control, the ends of electric heaters are connected to temperature-controlled electrical components. To ensure stable operation of these components, the heater ends must be cooled to a safe temperature range. In existing technology, the heating rods in electric heaters are often arranged in a ring-shaped, multi-layer tube bundle. The upper heating rods are subject to natural convection, resulting in slow heat dissipation and localized overheating, which can damage the electrical components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention provides an electric heater that can enable the heating rod to achieve a more uniform and rapid heat dissipation effect and avoid damage to electrical components caused by local high temperature of the heating rod.

[0005] The present invention provides an electric heater, comprising: electrical components; There are multiple heating rods, one end of the heating rod is used for heating to form a heating section, and the other end is used for heat dissipation to form a heat dissipation section. The end of the heat dissipation section away from the heating section is adjacent to the electrical component. The multiple heating rods located in the heating section extend coaxially and parallel and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The multiple heating rods located in the heat dissipation section are distributed in such a way that the width of the outer contour in the height direction is less than the length in the horizontal direction.

[0006] Optionally, the electric heater further comprises: The heat pipe is arranged on the heating rod on the side of the heat dissipation section close to the electrical component. The heat pipe absorbs the heat of the heating rod and transfers it to the air.

[0007] Optionally, the electric heater is parallel to the horizontal direction along the length direction of the heating rod.

[0008] Optionally, the electric heater further comprises: The flange is arranged at the junction of the heating section and the heat dissipation section, and the heating rod passes through the plane of the flange. The electric heater is connected to the heating container through the flange.

[0009] Optionally, the heat pipe includes a shell, and the heating rod on the side of the heat dissipation section close to the electrical component is sealed in the shell.

[0010] Optionally, the interior space of the housing includes: Evaporation section, the heating rod sealed in the shell is located in the evaporation section; The condensation section is located above the evaporation section.

[0011] Optionally, the shell is filled with a heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium flows back and forth between the evaporation section and the condensation section.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature of the electrical components in the electric heater equipped with the heat pipe is not higher than 55°C.

[0013] Optionally, the heat exchange medium is acetone.

[0014] Optionally, the operating temperature of the electric heater is 400+10°C.

[0015] The present invention provides an electric heater that distributes the multiple heating rods in the heat dissipation section in a manner such that the width in the height direction of the outer contour is smaller than the length in the horizontal direction, that is, the heating rods in the heat dissipation section are distributed in a flat manner, thereby effectively reducing the density of the heating rods in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the superimposed heat effect of natural convection heat transfer on the upper heating rods and the accumulation of local high temperatures. The above design not only improves the natural heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation section and makes the overall temperature of the heat dissipation section more uniform; it also effectively reduces the heat conducted from the heating rods in the heat dissipation section to the electrical components, so that the working environment temperature of the electrical components is controlled within a safer range, thereby reducing the negative impact of high temperature on the service life of the electrical components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electric heater provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electric heater provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 100 - electric heater, 1 - electrical component, 2 - flange, 3 - heating rod, 31 - heating section, 32 - heat dissipation section, 4 - heat pipe, 41 - shell, 41A - evaporation section, 41B - condensation section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] <First embodiment> This embodiment provides an electric heater 100 that can be used to absorb new energy. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric heater 100 provided in this embodiment. Figure 1 The electric heater 100 includes an electrical component 1 and a plurality of heating rods 3. One end of the heating rod 3 is configured to receive heat and form a heating section 31, while the other end is configured to dissipate heat and form a heat dissipation section 32. The end of the heat dissipation section 32, which is remote from the heating section 31, is adjacent to the electrical component 1. The plurality of heating rods 3 in the heating section 31 extend coaxially and parallel to each other and are evenly distributed along the circumference. The plurality of heating rods 3 in the heat dissipation section 32 are arranged such that the width of the outer contour in the height direction is less than the length in the horizontal direction.

[0021] In this embodiment, the operation process of the electric heater 100 mainly includes heat collection by the heating section 31, heat conduction by the heating rod 3 and heat dissipation by the heat dissipation section 32. The operation process is described below.

[0022] <Heating section heat collection> In this embodiment, the electric heater 100 receives and transmits the new energy to be absorbed through a heating container (not shown in the figure). Specifically, the heating container is also filled with a heating medium (not shown in the figure). The heating rod 3 at the heating section 31 of the electric heater 100 is completely placed in the heating container, so that the heating rod 3 is in full contact with the heating medium. The absorbed new energy is converted into thermal energy and input into the heating container. Subsequently, the heat in the heating container is evenly distributed through the heating medium. Figure 1 The electric heater 100 also includes a flange 2, positioned at one end of the heated section 31. The heating rod 3 extends through the plane of the flange 2 and remains fixed relative to the flange 2. Openings (not shown) are evenly distributed around the periphery of the flange 2. Fasteners can be passed through the openings of the flange 2 to maintain a fixed connection between the flange 2 and the heated container, thereby ensuring a more stable heat collection process within the heated container by the heating rod 3 in the heated section 31. In other embodiments, other forms of energy may be used to convert or transmit the heat energy within the heated container, and this is not specifically limited here.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the multiple heating rods 3 in the heated section 31 extend coaxially and in parallel and are evenly distributed along the circumference. This layout design allows the heating rods 3 to be evenly dispersed within the heated container and fully contact the heated medium, thereby allowing the heating rods 3 in the heated section 31 to absorb heat from as many different areas within the heated container as possible. On the one hand, this allows the heating rods 3 to be heated more evenly, avoiding equipment damage and reduced heat transfer caused by local overheating. On the other hand, it improves the overall heating efficiency of the heated container for the heating rods 3 in the heated section 31, thereby further increasing the rate of new energy consumption.

[0024] <Heat conduction of heating rod> In the embodiment, the heating rod 3 can be made of a metal heat-conductive material. On the one hand, the heating rod 3 needs to have good high-temperature resistance and high heat capacity. In the embodiment, the working temperature of the electric heater 100 is 400 + 10℃, which means that the heating temperature of the heating rod 3 during normal operation can reach about 400℃. At the same time, at this temperature, each working element in the electric heater 100 can be in a reasonable thermal load state, and a large amount of new energy can be quickly and stably absorbed through the large-power heat source provided by the heated container.

[0025] On the other hand, the heating rod 3 used in the embodiment also has good heat conductivity, so that the heat absorbed by the heating rod 3 is quickly conducted along the length direction of the heating rod 3 to the heat dissipation section 32, and the heat of the heating rod 3 in the heat dissipation section 32 is dissipated to the environment needing heating. By continuously transferring the heat in the heating rod 3 of the heated section 31 to the heat dissipation section 32 at a faster speed, the continuous absorption of excess new energy can be realized. In addition, the heating rod 3 also needs to have certain corrosion resistance, so that the heating rod 3 can normally maintain its heating and heat transfer capacity when contacting different types of heated media under long-term high-temperature operating conditions.

[0026] <Heat dissipation of heat dissipation section> In the embodiment, the part of the heating rod 3 extending through the flange 2 after passing through the heated section 31 is configured as the heat dissipation section 32, that is, the flange 2 is arranged at the joint position of the heated section 31 and the heat dissipation section 32. After the heating rod 3 in the heated section 31 is heated by the heated container, the heat collected by the heating rod 3 will pass through the flange 2 along the heating length direction and be transferred to the heating rod 3 in the heat dissipation section 32. Since the heating rod 3 in the heat dissipation section 32 is directly exposed to the air, the heat transferred to the heat dissipation section 32 will be directly dissipated from the surface of the heating rod 3 to the air, so that the temperature of the environment where the heat dissipation section 32 is located is increased, which can be specifically used in building heating and other scenes, which are not limited here.

[0027] When the heat dissipation section 32 of the electric heater 100 starts to dissipate heat, the air near the heating rod 3 is heated, the hot air rises, and the cold air around the heating rod 3 is supplemented. In order to accelerate the air flow speed in the above heat dissipation process and further improve the heat dissipation effect, the electric heater 100 provided in the embodiment is parallel to the length direction and the horizontal direction of the heating rod 3, the air heated by the heating rod 3 will be perpendicular to the length direction of the heating rod 3, and will be quickly transferred upward, and the obstacles in the cold air supplement path around the heating rod 3 will be reduced as much as possible.

[0028] In order to achieve precise control of the heating temperature of the heating section 31 and the heat dissipation temperature of the heat dissipation section 32 of the electric heater 100, the electric heater 100 provided in this embodiment further includes an electrical component 1. Figure 1 The electrical component 1 is adjacent to the end of the heat dissipation section 32 away from the heated section 31, so as to more accurately monitor the heat dissipation temperature of the heating rod 3 of the heat dissipation section 32 and feed it back to the heated container, thereby adjusting the heating power of the heated container for the heating rod 3 of the heat dissipation section 32.

[0029] Although the heating rods 3 in the heat dissipation section 32 dissipate most of their internal heat into the air through heat exchange, the natural convection generated by the multiple heating rods 3 during the heat dissipation process reduces the overall heat dissipation rate of the heating rods 3, and may cause local overheating. This can cause a small amount of heat to be conducted to the electrical component 1 because it cannot be dissipated from the heating rods 3 in a timely manner. If the operating environment temperature of the electrical component 1 is too high, causing it to be subjected to excessive heat loads for a long time, it may become difficult for the electrical component 1 to accurately control the temperature of the electric heater 100, and even if the electrical component 1 malfunctions, the overall service life of the electric heater 100 may be negatively affected.

[0030] In order to avoid the above problems, in this embodiment, the plurality of heating rods 3 of the heat dissipation section 32 are distributed in such a way that the width of the outer contour in the height direction is smaller than the length in the horizontal direction. Figure 1 The heating rods 3 from the heated section 31 through the flange 2 to the heat dissipation section 32 are gradually moved from their original coaxial and parallel distribution to a horizontal direction closer to the middle, and the heating rods 3 near the electrical components 1 in the heat dissipation section 32 are made to present a flat distribution. Specifically, the density of the heating rods 3 in the height direction is effectively reduced, while the heating rods 3 in the horizontal direction are flattened as much as possible to increase the horizontal heat dissipation area. The flat distribution of the heating rods 3 in the heat dissipation section 32 can effectively reduce the superimposed heat effect of natural convection on the upper heating rods 3 and avoid local high temperature accumulation. At the same time, by maximizing the horizontal contact area between the heating rods 3 in the heat dissipation section 32 and the air and optimizing the flow path of the hot air formed by heating, the natural heat dissipation efficiency can be further improved, and a more suitable working environment temperature can be provided for the electrical components 1 adjacent to the heating rods 3.

[0031] <Second embodiment> Considering that the electric heater 100 provided in the first embodiment is faced with a situation where a large amount of new energy needs to be consumed, if the heating rod 3 of its heating section 31 is subjected to high-power heat transfer from the heating container for a long time, and only dissipates heat in the air in a natural heat dissipation manner through the heating rod 3 of the heat dissipation section 32, it is possible that the heating rod 3 does not dissipate heat in time, resulting in an increased risk of damage to the electrical component 1 in contact with the heating rod 3 due to excessive heating temperature.

[0032] In order to further enhance the heat dissipation effect of the heating rod 3 , especially the portion of the heating rod 3 in contact with the electrical component 1 , in this embodiment, the electric heater 100 further includes a heat pipe 4 . Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric heater 100 provided with a heat pipe 4 provided in this embodiment. Figure 2 The heat pipe 4 is arranged on the heating rod 3 on the side of the heat dissipation section 32 close to the electrical component 1. The heat pipe 4 quickly absorbs part of the heat of the heating rod 3 and transfers it to the air, thereby reducing the heat load borne by the electrical component 1 to ensure the service life of the electrical component 1.

[0033] refer to Figure 2 The heat pipe 4 includes a housing 41. The heating rod 3 on the side of the heat dissipation section 32 close to the electrical component 1 is sealed in the housing 41, so that part of the heating rod 3 is wrapped in the enclosed space inside the housing 41. The heat in the enclosed heating rod 3 is transferred to the outside air through the housing 41 of the heat pipe 4. Specifically, the internal space enclosed by the housing 41 includes an evaporation section 41A and a condensation section 41B. Figure 2 The heating rod 3 sealed in the housing 41 is located in the evaporation section 41A; the condensation section 41B is located above the evaporation section 41A. At the same time, the internal space enclosed by the housing 41 is also filled with a heat exchange medium (not shown in the figure).

[0034] In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium used is a volatile liquid. Initially, the heat exchange medium is located within the evaporation section 41A and in contact with the surface of the heating rod 3 within the housing 41. When the heating rod 3 within the housing 41 receives heat from the heated section 31, heat exchange occurs between the heating rod 3 and the heat exchange medium. After being heated, the heat exchange medium evaporates from a liquid state to a gaseous state. Driven by the pressure difference between the evaporation section 41A and the condensation section 41B, the gaseous heat exchange medium is transported to the condensation section 41B, releasing latent heat of vaporization. This released heat is then transferred to the ambient air by the housing 41 in the condensation section 41B. The condensed liquid heat exchange medium then returns to the evaporation section 41A by gravity or capillary action, where it again exchanges heat with the heating rod 3 within the evaporation section 41A. Through the above-described operation of the heat pipe 4, heat exchange between the heating rod 3, the heat pipe 4, and the ambient air is achieved, as well as the recycling of the heat exchange medium.

[0035] In the embodiment, the heat exchange medium in the shell 41 is acetone. Since the boiling point of acetone is relatively low, specifically about 57°C. And the latent heat of the vaporized liquid acetone is relatively large, and it has good stability in both gas and liquid states. When acetone is used as the heat exchange medium, the contact temperature of the heating rod 3 sealed by the shell 41 and the electrical component 1 can be not higher than 55°C, thereby ensuring that the electrical component 1 has a relatively long service life. In other embodiments, other types of heat exchange media can also be selected according to the specific heat dissipation requirements of the heat dissipation section 32 of the electric heater 100 and the specific indicators of the electrical component 1 related to the heat load, which are not specifically limited here.

[0036] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric heater, characterized in that: include: electrical components; Multiple heating rods, one end of the heating rod is used for receiving heat to form a heating section, and the other end is used for dissipating heat to form a heat dissipation section, the end of the heat dissipation section away from the heating section is adjacent to the electrical component, the multiple heating rods located in the heating section extend coaxially and parallel and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the multiple heating rods located in the heat dissipation section are distributed in a manner that the width of the outer contour in the height direction is less than the length in the horizontal direction.

2. The electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: The heat pipe is arranged on the heating rod on the side of the heat dissipation section close to the electrical component. The heat pipe absorbs the heat of the heating rod and transfers it to the air.

3. The electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that The electric heater is parallel to the horizontal direction along the length direction of the heating rod.

4. The electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that The electric heater further comprises: A flange is arranged at the junction of the heating section and the heat dissipation section, and the heating rod passes through the plane of the flange. The electric heater is connected to the heating container via the flange.

5. The electric heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat pipe comprises a shell, and the heating rod on the side of the heat dissipation section close to the electrical component is sealed in the shell.

6. The electric heater according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interior space of the housing includes: an evaporation section, wherein the heating rod sealed in the housing is located within the evaporation section; The condensation section is located above the evaporation section.

7. The electric heater according to claim 6, characterized in that The shell is filled with a heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium flows back and forth between the evaporation section and the condensation section.

8. The electric heater according to claim 7, characterized in that The temperature of the electrical components in the electric heater equipped with the heat pipe is not higher than 55°C.

9. The electric heater according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange medium is acetone.

10. The electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that The operating temperature of the electric heater is 400+10°C.

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