A multi-stage differential threshing mechanical rice and wheat harvester

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and discloses a multi-stage differential threshing mechanical rice and wheat harvester, which comprises a harvester main body, a harvester head arranged at the front end of the harvester main body, a cutting knife part arranged at one end of the harvester head, and a grain divider arranged at the side of the harvester head; a pushing assembly for protecting the cutting knife part is arranged on the harvester head; and a folding assembly for accommodating the grain divider is further arranged. The multi-stage differential threshing mechanical rice and wheat harvester can realize the front pushing of the front end of the straw and the root stubble of the cutting knife part on the harvester head in a lifting moment through the intelligent control of the arranged pushing assembly, damage caused by hooking is avoided, and the folding assembly arranged in linkage can simultaneously fold and accommodate the grain divider on the harvester head in the lifting moment, the protrusion is reduced, and the safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-stage differential speed rice and wheat harvesters are mature agricultural equipment. Their core technology is to achieve high-efficiency and low-loss rice and wheat threshing through the differential speed cooperation of the main and auxiliary drums. The main drum impacts at high speed to separate most of the grains, while the auxiliary drum performs secondary processing on the remaining ears at a lower speed. During operation, the harvester head needs to be pressed down to a height of 20-50 cm off the ground so that the divider guides the crop and the cutting blades perform the harvesting action. During migration, turning around in the field, or when not in use, the head must be raised to avoid obstacles on the ground.

[0003] However, existing technologies have certain drawbacks: because the header structure is 2-3 meters wide and the divider and cutter are always completely exposed and protrude from the harvester head, during frequent head raising and lowering operations, especially at field ridges, the protruding divider cone is very likely to hit hard field ridges or stones, causing structural deformation or even weld cracking; more seriously, during the lifting phase, the cutter, due to the forward movement characteristics of the blade back, will actively hook onto the stubble, causing lever damage; in addition, the sharp parts exposed when not in operation continuously pose safety hazards of personnel cuts and equipment collisions during transportation or parking, which not only increases maintenance costs but also restricts the mechanized application in small, high-density fields. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology has the disadvantages of easy damage to the cutting blade and the divider and the potential safety hazards. To this end, we propose a multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesting.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat, comprising a harvester body, a harvester head disposed at the front end of the harvester body, a cutting blade disposed at one end of the harvester head, and a divider disposed on the side of the harvester head. The harvester head is provided with a push assembly for protecting the cutting blade. The push assembly includes a movable frame movably disposed at the bottom of the harvester head. A drive source for driving the movable frame to move is provided at one end of the bottom of the harvester head near the harvester body. A sensor corresponding to the harvester head and used to detect the position of the harvester head is provided on one side of the harvester body near the harvester head. It also includes a folding assembly for concealing the divider. The folding assembly includes a connecting seat located on the side of the harvester head and corresponding to the divider. A first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the connecting seat. One end of the divider is mounted on the end of the first rotating shaft. Both ends of the movable frame are provided with extensions corresponding to the divider. A first groove is provided at the top of the extension. A rack is provided inside the first groove. The lower end of the first rotating shaft extends to the inside of the first groove and is provided with a gear adapted to the rack.

[0006] Preferably, it further includes a protective assembly for covering the cutting blade. The protective assembly includes a protective shaft rotatably disposed at the end of the movable frame away from the drive source. The protective shaft is semi-cylindrical, and one end of the protective shaft is provided with a clearance groove adapted to the cutting blade. A drive frame is movably disposed at the end of the movable frame near the drive source. The output shaft of the drive source is connected to the drive frame, and an elastic element is disposed between the drive frame and the movable frame. A push arm corresponding to one end of the protective shaft is vertically movably disposed at one end of the drive frame. The end of the push arm away from the drive frame is rotatably connected to one end of the protective shaft, and the position of the rotatable connection is lower than the position of the rotatable connection between the protective shaft and the movable frame.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the drive frame is provided with a guide push rod, the top of the end of the movable frame near the protective shaft is provided with a second groove, a push plate is movably provided inside the second groove, one end of the guide push rod extends to the inside of the second groove and is connected to the side wall of the push plate, and one end of the push arm is vertically movably connected to the side of the push plate.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the second groove away from the drive frame is provided with an arc-shaped rotating groove, and the protective shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the arc-shaped rotating groove.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating connection position of the divider and the connecting seat is located on the side of the cutting blade away from the main body of the harvester, and there is a gap between the end of the cutting blade and the rotating connection position of the divider and the connecting seat.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic element is a spring, and the spring is sleeved outside the guide push rod.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting seat is a hollow structure, and a torsion spring is provided on the outside of the connecting seat. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting seat, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the first rotating shaft.

[0012] Preferably, a sealing plate for sealing the first groove is horizontally and movably inserted into the inner side of the upper end of the extension, the lower end of the first rotating shaft extends downward through the sealing plate to the inner side of the first groove, and the first rotating shaft and the sealing plate are rotatably connected by a bearing.

[0013] Preferably, the side of the harvester head is provided with a limiting plate for limiting one side of the divider.

[0014] Preferably, the drive source is a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: In this invention, the push-up component can be intelligently controlled to push the straw and stubble at the front of the cutting blade forward when the harvester head is raised, avoiding damage caused by hooking. In conjunction with the linked folding component, the divider can be bent and hidden simultaneously when the harvester head is raised, reducing protrusion and increasing safety. Furthermore, when the harvester head is lowered for harvesting, the cutting blade can be exposed and the divider can be reset automatically, which is practical and convenient, increasing both usability and safety.

[0016] In this invention, the protective components can automatically cover and wrap the cutting blade after pushing the straw and stubble forward, further increasing the safety of the cutting blade. The protective covering is achieved by utilizing the relative displacement between the drive frame and the moving frame. The structure is compact, ingenious, practical and convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from the bottom view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the harvester head bottom separated from the protective bottom shell and sensor of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the mobile frame, divider, and harvester head of the present invention in their disassembled state; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the divider and extension of the present invention in a disassembled state; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the drive frame, moving frame, and protective shaft of the present invention in their disassembled state; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A structural diagram from another perspective based on the above; Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connection between the divider and the extension of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end of the movable frame, drive frame, and protective shaft of the present invention in the connected state. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting blade in use, in conjunction with the protective shaft and the moving frame of the present invention; Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutting blade of the present invention in a non-use state, in conjunction with the protective shaft.

[0018] Legend: 1. Harvester body; 2. Harvester head; 3. Cutting blade; 4. Divider; 5. Mounting frame; 6. Protective bottom shell; 7. Drive source; 8. Sensor; 9. Limiting plate; 10. Moving frame; 11. Drive frame; 12. Protective shaft; 13. Extension; 14. Sealing plate; 15. Rack; 16. Connecting seat; 17. Torsion spring; 18. First rotating shaft; 19. First groove; 20. Guide push rod; 21. Elastic element; 22. Push plate; 23. Push arm; 24. Second groove; 25. Arc-shaped rotating groove; 26. Second rotating shaft; 27. Third rotating shaft; 28. Gear; 29. ​​Guide rail; 30. Clearance groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0020] For reference Figures 1-5 As shown, a multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesting includes a harvester body 1, a harvester head 2 located at the front end of the harvester body 1, a cutting blade 3 located at one end of the harvester head 2, and a divider 4 located on the side of the harvester head 2. The harvester head 2 is equipped with a pushing assembly for protecting the cutting blade 3. In one embodiment, the pushing assembly includes a movable frame 10 movably mounted at the bottom of the harvester head 2. A protective bottom shell 6 is provided at the bottom of the harvester head 2, and the movable frame 10 is movably mounted inside the protective bottom shell 6. The bottom of the harvester head 2 is located near the end of the harvester body 1. A drive source 7 is provided for driving the displacement of the moving frame 10. The drive source 7 can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, a linear motor, or other drive devices that can push the moving frame 10 to move. The present invention is preferably a cylinder. A mounting frame 5 is provided on the side of the harvester body 1 near the harvester head 2. A sensor 8 corresponding to the harvester head 2 and used to detect the position of the harvester head 2 is installed on one side of the mounting frame 5. The sensor 8 is a distance sensor or a pressure sensor and is used to detect the downward swing and upward swing of the harvester head 2. By controlling the moving frame 10 to move forward, the straw and stubble are pushed forward to avoid snagging.

[0021] like Figures 3-8As shown, in order to simultaneously solve the safety problem of the divider 4, the present invention also includes a folding assembly for concealing the divider 4. In one embodiment, the folding assembly includes a connecting seat 16 disposed on the side of the harvester head 2 and corresponding to the divider 4. A first rotating shaft 18 is rotatably disposed on the connecting seat 16. One end of the divider 4 is mounted on the end of the first rotating shaft 18. Extensions 13 corresponding to the divider 4 are provided at both ends of the moving frame 10. A first groove 19 is provided at the top of the extension 13. A rack 15 is provided on the inner side of the first shaft 18. The lower end of the first shaft 18 extends to the inner side of the first groove 19 and is provided with a gear 28 that matches the rack 15. Thus, when the moving frame 10 drives the extension 13 to move forward, the divider 4 can be folded inward. In order to limit the outer side of the divider 4, a limiting plate 9 is provided on the side of the harvester head 2 to limit one side of the divider 4. In order to increase the stability of the divider 4, the connecting seat 16 is a hollow structure and a torsion spring 1 is provided on the outside of the connecting seat 16. 7. One end of the torsion spring 17 is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting seat 16, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the first rotating shaft 18. Initially, due to the action of the torsion spring 17, the divider 4 and the limiting plate 9 are in a close fit. To prevent foreign objects such as straw from entering the first groove 19, a sealing plate 14 for sealing the first groove 19 is horizontally and movably inserted into the inner side of the upper end of the extension 13. The lower end of the first rotating shaft 18 extends downward through the sealing plate 14 to the inner side of the first groove 19, and the first rotating shaft 18 and the sealing plate 14 are connected by a bearing. The rotating connection allows the sealing plate 14 to always seal the upper end of the first groove 19 without affecting the rotation of the first rotating shaft 18. In addition, to prevent the divider 4 from pushing the straw and stubble back into the cutting blade 3 when it folds in, the rotating connection position between the divider 4 and the connecting seat 16 is located on the side of the cutting blade 3 away from the harvester body 1, and there is a gap between the end of the cutting blade 3 and the rotating connection position between the divider 4 and the connecting seat 16, which can prevent the straw from being pushed back into the inside of the cutting blade 3 when the divider 4 folds inward.

[0022] like Figures 3-7 , Figures 9-11As shown, to further protect the cutting blade 3, the present invention also includes a protective assembly for covering the cutting blade 3. In one embodiment, the protective assembly includes a protective shaft 12 rotatably disposed on the end of the movable frame 10 away from the drive source 7. The protective shaft 12 is semi-cylindrical, with one end curving upwards to engage with the bottom wall of the cutting blade 3. One end of the protective shaft 12 is provided with a clearance groove 30 adapted to the cutting blade 3, which covers the cutting blade 3. A drive frame 11 is movably disposed on the end of the movable frame 10 near the drive source 7. The drive frame 11 is also located inside the protective bottom shell 6. The output shaft of the drive source 7 is connected to the drive frame 11, and an elastic element 21 is disposed between the drive frame 11 and the movable frame 10. Multiple push arms 23 corresponding to one end of the protective shaft 12 are vertically movably disposed on one end of the drive frame 11. Specifically, multiple guide push rods 20 are disposed on one end of the drive frame 11. A second groove 24 is provided at the top of one end, and a push plate 22 is movably provided inside the second groove 24. One end of the guide push rod 20 extends to the inside of the second groove 24 and is connected to the side wall of the push plate 22. The elastic element 21 is a spring, and the spring is sleeved outside the guide push rod 20 to increase the stability of the spring. A guide rail 29 is provided at one end of the push plate 22, and one end of the push arm 23 is vertically movably connected to the guide rail 29. A third rotating shaft 27 is provided at the end of the push arm 23 away from the drive frame 11. The push arm 23 is rotatably connected to one end of the protective shaft 12 through the third rotating shaft 27. An arc-shaped rotating groove 25 is provided at the end of the second groove 24 away from the drive frame 11. A second rotating shaft 26 is provided at the end of the protective shaft 12. The protective shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the inside of the arc-shaped rotating groove 25 through the second rotating shaft 26, and the position of the rotatable connection is lower than the rotatable connection position between the protective shaft 12 and the moving frame 10, so that the push arm 23 can push the protective shaft 12 to rotate.

[0023] It should be noted that the upward and downward swing of the harvester head 2 is a function of the harvester itself and a mature technology. In addition, the multi-stage differential speed threshing is also a conventional function of the harvester itself. Therefore, it is not a technical problem to be solved by this invention, and this invention will not focus on describing it. This invention only describes in detail the improvements of the cutting blade 3 and the divider 4.

[0024] Working principle: During harvesting, the divider 4 is in an extended state. The torsion spring 17 increases the stability of the divider 4. The limiting plate 9 limits one side of the divider 4. When the harvester head 2 rises, the sensor 8 detects the rise of the harvester head 2 and automatically controls the drive source 7 to run. The drive source 7 pushes the drive frame 11 forward. At this time, one end of the protective shaft 12 is attached to the bottom of the cutting blade part 3. Therefore, the protective shaft 12 cannot be pushed and rotated by the push arm 23. At this time, the drive frame 11 and the moving frame 10 will not have relative displacement, and the elastic element 21 will not contract. Therefore, the drive... The frame 11, movable frame 10, protective shaft 12, and extension 13 move forward as a whole. One end of the protective shaft 12 gradually protrudes from the front end of the cutting blade 3, thus pushing forward the straw and stubble. At the same time, as the extension 13 drives the rack 15 to move forward synchronously, the rack 15 drives the first rotating shaft 18 to rotate through the gear 28. The first rotating shaft 18 drives the divider 4 to fold inward. Moreover, during the traction of the extension 13, there will be relative displacement with the sealing plate 14, so that the sealing plate 14 always covers the first groove 19, preventing foreign objects such as straw from entering the first groove 19, thus sealing the groove. After the plate 14 is folded, the movable frame 10 moves forward to its limit position. Then, when the drive source 7 pushes the drive frame 11, it will not cause the movable frame 10 to move forward further. Subsequently, the drive frame 11 and the movable frame 10 will have relative displacement, the elastic element 21 will contract, and at the same time, the guide push rod 20 will drive the push plate 22 and the push arm 23 to move closer to the movable frame 10 as a whole. The push arm 23 drives the protective shaft 12 to rotate through the third rotating shaft 27. As the protective shaft 12 rotates, the push arm 23 will follow the vertical displacement, and then the clearance groove 30 at one end of the protective shaft 12 will cover the outside of the cutting blade part 3, realizing the protection of the cutting blade. The further protection and safeguards of part 3 increase safety; when the harvester head 2 swings down to the position, the sensor 8 will detect and sense that it has reached the position, and then the drive source 7 will automatically start. The output end of the drive source 7 will drive the drive frame 11 to retract, the elastic element 21 will reset, the push arm 23 will pull back the protective shaft 12 through the third rotating shaft 27, the protective shaft 12 will release the cover on the cutting blade part 3, the push arm 23 will rise vertically, and then the drive frame 11 will drive the moving frame 10 to retract and reset horizontally, the divider 4 will open and straighten, and the protective shaft 12 will be hidden to the bottom end of the cutting blade part 3 and fit against the bottom of the cutting blade part 3.

[0025] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters, characterized in that, It includes a harvester body (1), a harvester head (2) located at the front end of the harvester body (1), a cutting blade (3) located at one end of the harvester head (2), a divider (4) located on the side of the harvester head (2), and a folding assembly and a protective assembly located on the harvester head (2); The harvester head (2) is provided with a push assembly for protecting the cutting blade (3). The push assembly includes a movable frame (10) movably disposed at the bottom of the harvester head (2). A drive source (7) for driving the movable frame (10) to move is provided at one end of the bottom of the harvester head (2) near the harvester body (1). A sensor (8) corresponding to the harvester head (2) and used to detect the position of the harvester head (2) is provided on one side of the harvester body (1) near the harvester head (2). The harvesting assembly includes a connecting seat (16) disposed on the side of the harvester head (2) and corresponding to the divider (4). A first rotating shaft (18) is rotatably disposed on the connecting seat (16). One end of the divider (4) is installed at the end of the first rotating shaft (18). Both ends of the moving frame (10) are provided with extensions (13) corresponding to the divider (4). A first groove (19) is provided at the top of the extension (13). A rack (15) is provided inside the first groove (19). The lower end of the first rotating shaft (18) extends to the inside of the first groove (19) and is provided with a gear (28) adapted to the rack (15). The protective assembly includes a protective shaft (12) rotatably disposed at the end of the movable frame (10) away from the drive source (7). The protective shaft (12) is semi-cylindrical. One end of the protective shaft (12) is provided with a clearance groove (30) adapted to the cutting blade part (3). A drive frame (11) is movably disposed at the end of the movable frame (10) close to the drive source (7). The output shaft of the drive source (7) is connected to the drive frame (11). An elastic element (21) is disposed between the drive frame (11) and the movable frame (10). A push arm (23) corresponding to one end of the protective shaft (12) is vertically movably disposed at one end of the drive frame (11). The end of the push arm (23) away from the drive frame (11) is rotatably connected to one end of the protective shaft (12). The position of the rotatable connection is lower than the rotatable connection position between the protective shaft (12) and the movable frame (10). One end of the drive frame (11) is provided with a guide push rod (20), and the top of the end of the movable frame (10) near the protective shaft (12) is provided with a second groove (24). A push plate (22) is movably provided inside the second groove (24). One end of the guide push rod (20) extends to the inside of the second groove (24) and is connected to the side wall of the push plate (22). One end of the push arm (23) is vertically movably connected to the side of the push plate (22).

2. The multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second groove (24) is provided with an arc-shaped rotating groove (25) at one end away from the drive frame (11), and the protective shaft (12) is rotatably connected to the inside of the arc-shaped rotating groove (25).

3. The multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating connection position of the divider (4) and the connecting seat (16) is located on the side of the cutting blade (3) away from the harvester body (1), and there is a gap between the end of the cutting blade (3) and the rotating connection position of the divider (4) and the connecting seat (16).

4. The multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element (21) is a spring, and the spring is sleeved outside the guide push rod (20).

5. The multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting seat (16) is a hollow structure, and a torsion spring (17) is provided on the outside of the connecting seat (16). One end of the torsion spring (17) is fixed to the inner wall of the connecting seat (16), and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the first rotating shaft (18).

6. The multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper inner side of the extension (13) is horizontally movably inserted with a sealing plate (14) for sealing the first groove (19). The lower end of the first rotating shaft (18) extends downward through the sealing plate (14) to the inner side of the first groove (19), and the first rotating shaft (18) and the sealing plate (14) are rotatably connected by a bearing.

7. The multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side of the harvester head (2) is provided with a limiting plate (9) for limiting one side of the divider (4).

8. The multi-stage differential speed threshing machine for rice and wheat harvesters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive source (7) is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motor.

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