Large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system and method and pure electric wide-body vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system and method and a pure electric wide-body vehicle, and the system comprises a main radiator which carries out the heat dissipation of a heat dissipation part through a cooling liquid flowing in a second water outlet pipe; the cooling box comprises a heat preservation shell and an auxiliary radiator, the auxiliary radiator is arranged in the heat preservation shell, a cold air storage area is formed in the heat preservation shell, the main radiator and the auxiliary radiator are communicated through a first water outlet pipe, and temperature sensors are installed on the first water outlet pipe and the second water outlet pipe; the refrigeration assembly comprises a motor, an all-in-one controller and a transformer which are electrically connected in sequence, and the transformer is electrically connected with the high-power air compressor and the high-power refrigerator; the controller is used for monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid of the second water outlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe and the pressure of the heat preservation shell in real time and controlling starting and stopping of the cooling fan and the opening and closing state of the electromagnetic valve according to monitored cooling liquid temperature signals and pressure signals. The energy utilization rate of the whole vehicle is effectively improved, and meanwhile the speed control capacity and the braking stability of the vehicle during downhill are enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system, method and pure electric wide-body vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing maturity of pure electric drive technology and the development trend of large-scale wide-body vehicles, the market demand for large-tonnage pure electric wide-body vehicles continues to rise. However, the existing large-tonnage pure electric wide-body vehicles face the following technical problems in actual operation:

[0003] First, the full-load downhill safety and energy efficiency problem is prominent. When the vehicle is full load downhill, it is easy to have the risk of overspeed and insufficient braking capacity. The current mainstream auxiliary braking schemes (such as electric creep, brake resistance, motor reverse drag, liquid creep, etc.) have obvious limitations: not only the hardware cost is high, but also the large amount of gravitational potential energy released during downhill cannot be effectively recycled and utilized, and the converted electric energy is mostly dissipated through resistors and other components, accompanied by a large amount of heat generation, which requires the configuration of large-power radiators for temperature control, which not only consumes additional electric energy and increases equipment cost, but also increases the risk of failure due to the complexity of the heat dissipation system.

[0004] Second, the heat dissipation reliability is insufficient in extreme environments. Limited by the 24-hour continuous operation requirement, the existing heat dissipation system often fails to dissipate heat in high-temperature and high-load extreme environments, resulting in high temperature of the core components such as motors and batteries, causing the vehicle to run limited or even forced to stop, which seriously affects the operation attendance rate.

[0005] Third, the driving environment comfort is poor. The working environment in mines and other places is harsh, and the existing vehicle-mounted air conditioner is prone to frequent failures due to dust, vibration and other factors, and the refrigeration capacity is difficult to adapt to the demand of high-temperature environment, resulting in failure of temperature regulation in the cab, which significantly reduces the operator's operation experience. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system, method and pure electric wide-body vehicle.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, a large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system adopted by the present application comprises:

[0008] A main heat sink is configured with a heat dissipation fan, and the main heat sink dissipates heat for the heat dissipation components through the cooling liquid flowing in the second water outlet pipe, and a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the cooling liquid is installed on the second water outlet pipe;

[0009] The cooling box comprises a heat preservation shell and a sub-radiator, the sub-radiator is arranged in the heat preservation shell, the inside of the heat preservation shell forms a cold air storage area, the sub-radiator is communicated with the main radiator through a first water outlet pipe, a temperature sensor is arranged on the first water outlet pipe, a pressure sensor and a first air outlet pipe are arranged on the heat preservation shell, the first air outlet pipe is directly communicated with the atmosphere and is arranged corresponding to the main radiator, a temperature control electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first air outlet pipe, and the temperature control electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the cold air of the first air outlet pipe to directly blow the main radiator; the cooling liquid flowing through the heat dissipation component is transported to the sub-radiator through a water inlet pipe.

[0010] The refrigeration assembly comprises a motor, a multi-in-one controller and a transformer which are electrically connected in sequence, the transformer is electrically connected with a high-power air compressor and a high-power refrigeration device to provide electric energy, the high-power air compressor and the high-power refrigeration device are connected through an air path to supply compressed air to the high-power refrigeration device; the high-power refrigeration device is communicated with the cold air storage area in the heat preservation shell through an air inlet pipe, and an air outlet pipe is further branched and connected to the air inlet pipe, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe, and a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe.

[0011] The controller is electrically connected with the heat dissipation fan of the main radiator, the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the temperature control electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor and the two temperature sensors; the controller is used for monitoring the cooling liquid temperature of the second water outlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe and the pressure of the heat preservation shell in real time, and controlling the start-stop of the heat dissipation fan and the opening and closing state of the corresponding electromagnetic valves according to the monitored cooling liquid temperature signal and pressure signal.

[0012] As an improvement, a pressure valve is further arranged on the heat preservation shell, and the pressure valve is used for automatically opening pressure relief when the pressure of the cold air storage area in the heat preservation shell exceeds a set threshold.

[0013] As an improvement, a second air outlet pipe is further arranged on the heat preservation shell, the second air outlet pipe is communicated with the cab air conditioner and / or the heat preservation box, and is used for transporting the cold air of the cold air storage area to the cab air conditioner and / or the heat preservation box.

[0014] As an improvement, an air distribution valve is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the cab air conditioner, and is used for adjusting the cold air flow rate transported to the cab air conditioner and the mixing ratio of the cold air and the external air.

[0015] The second aspect of the present application further provides a large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation method, which is based on the large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system, and is used for refrigeration and heat dissipation control when the vehicle is full and downhill, and comprises the following steps:

[0016] (1) the redundant electric energy generated by the motor reverse traction is stepped down by the transformer to supply energy to the high-power air compressor and the high-power refrigeration device;

[0017] (2) the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve to open to allow cold air to enter the cooling box, controls the second electromagnetic valve to close to prevent the cold air from being discharged into the atmosphere, and controls the pressure valve to close, so that the low-temperature cold air generated by the high-power refrigeration device continuously enters the heat preservation shell of the cooling box to rapidly cool the cooling liquid of the auxiliary radiator;

[0018] (3) the controller monitors the temperature of the outflowing cooling liquid through the temperature sensor on the first water outlet pipe and monitors the pressure in the heat preservation shell through the pressure sensor, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid does not reach 0 DEG C and the pressure in the heat preservation shell exceeds the set pressure limit of the device, the controller controls the temperature control electromagnetic valve to open, so that the cold air directly blows the main radiator through the first air outlet pipe to cool and lower the temperature; the controller synchronously monitors the temperature of the cooling liquid in the second water outlet pipe, and when the temperature of the cooling liquid in the second water outlet pipe is lower than the upper limit of the safe temperature, the controller controls the cooling fan of the main radiator to stop working;

[0019] (4) when the controller monitors that the temperature of the cooling liquid in the first water outlet pipe approaches 0 DEG C, the controller controls the temperature control electromagnetic valve to close, controls the first electromagnetic valve to adjust to a small opening position, and controls the second electromagnetic valve to open, and when the pressure in the heat preservation shell continuously increases to the set threshold of the pressure valve, the pressure valve automatically opens to release pressure.

[0020] As an improvement, the small opening position of the first electromagnetic valve refers to an opening degree state capable of continuously maintaining the temperature of the cooling liquid in the first water outlet pipe at 0 DEG C to 5 DEG C.

[0021] As an improvement, the 380V electric energy output by the transformer is energy-distributed according to the rated power proportion of the high-power air compressor and the high-power refrigeration device, so as to provide energy support for the high-power refrigeration device to stably generate-65 DEG C cold air; wherein the electric power of the high-power refrigeration device is 30-300kw, and the minimum refrigeration temperature is-65 DEG C.

[0022] As an improvement, the refrigeration hibernation control step of the vehicle climbing or flat road section is further included: when the vehicle enters the climbing or flat road section, the high-power refrigeration device is switched to a low-power hibernation state, and part of the cold air generated by the high-power refrigeration device is delivered to the cooling box to maintain a low-temperature environment in the cooling box.

[0023] As an improvement, the heat preservation box cooling control step is further included: the cold air in the cooling box is delivered to the heat preservation box in the cab through a pipeline, and the heat preservation box shares the cold air delivery pipeline with the cab air conditioner.

[0024] The third aspect of the present application further provides a pure electric wide-body vehicle, wherein the large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system is installed on the pure electric wide-body vehicle.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) Through the coordinated scheme of high-power refrigerators and high-power air compressors, the excess power generated by the motor counter-drag during the vehicle downhill process can be fully consumed, effectively improving the energy utilization rate of the vehicle, and enhancing the speed control ability and braking stability of the vehicle during downhill.

[0027] (2) The low-temperature cold air blows the auxiliary radiator, and the double cooling scheme of cold air directly blowing the main radiator can realize rapid and large reduction of the cooling liquid temperature in the heat dissipation system, significantly improve the heat dissipation efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the heat dissipation components under high load conditions.

[0028] (3) After the vehicle downhill, the cooling liquid in the heat dissipation system can be maintained at a low temperature, which greatly reduces the performance requirements of the main radiator and the heat dissipation fan, can reduce the power configuration of the main radiator, and can reduce the number and power of the main radiator fan, thereby realizing the dual optimization of system energy consumption and cost.

[0029] (4) In order to ensure the response speed of refrigeration, the high-power refrigerator switches to a low-power sleep state under non-downhill conditions, and cooperates with the air distribution valve in the cab, etc., to accurately realize the on-demand input of temperature-adjusted cold air to the cab, while reducing unnecessary energy consumption, effectively ensuring the temperature comfort in the cab. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 The structure of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0032] In the figure: 1, main radiator, 2, second water outlet pipe, 3, heat dissipation component, 4, water inlet pipe, 5, cooling box, 6, heat preservation shell, 7, auxiliary radiator, 8, first electromagnetic valve, 9, high-power refrigerator, 10, transformer, 11, all-in-one controller, 12, motor, 13, high-power air compressor, 14, second electromagnetic valve, 15, pressure valve, 16, heat preservation box, 17, second air outlet pipe, 18, air distribution valve, 19, cab air conditioner, 20, temperature control electromagnetic valve, 21, first air outlet pipe, 22, first water outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present application are described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, a large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system mainly includes a main radiator 1, a cooling box 5, a refrigeration component and a controller.

[0036] The main radiator 1 serves as the terminal heat dissipation device of the system and is equipped with an independently driven cooling fan to enhance the air convection heat dissipation effect; the main radiator 1 forms a loop connection with the vehicle's heat dissipation components 3 (such as various drive motors, controllers, etc.) through the second water outlet pipe 2, and the heat generated by the heat dissipation components 3 is transferred to the main radiator 1 for dissipation with the help of the coolant continuously flowing in the second water outlet pipe 2; a high-precision temperature sensor is installed at the output end of the second water outlet pipe 2 near the main radiator 1, which is used to collect real-time temperature data of the coolant flowing out of the main radiator 1 to provide key parameters for system control.

[0037] The cooling box 5 adopts an integrated heat preservation structure design, which is composed of a heat preservation shell 6 with heat insulation and heat preservation performance and a built-in auxiliary radiator 7. The auxiliary radiator 7 is sealingly embedded in the heat preservation shell 6, and the closed space of the heat preservation shell 6 forms a cold gas storage area that can store low-temperature cold gas. The output end of the auxiliary radiator 7 is communicated with the input end of the main radiator 1 through a first water outlet pipe 22, forming a cooling liquid cooling circulation path, and a temperature sensor is installed on the pipeline of the first water outlet pipe 22 for monitoring the cooling liquid temperature flowing into the main radiator 1 after being cooled by the auxiliary radiator 7. A pressure sensor and a first air outlet pipe 21 are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the heat preservation shell 6. One end of the first air outlet pipe 21 is communicated with the cold gas storage area, and the other end is directly communicated with the atmosphere, and the pipe opening is directed to the heat dissipation fin area of the main radiator 1. A temperature control electromagnetic valve 20 is installed in the middle section of the first air outlet pipe 21, which can accurately control the pipeline on-off according to the preset temperature condition, and realize the function of directly blowing the low-temperature cold gas in the heat preservation shell 6 to the main radiator 1 for enhanced heat dissipation. At the same time, the high-temperature cooling liquid after heat absorption of the heat dissipation component 3 is transported to the auxiliary radiator 7 through the water inlet pipe 4 for cooling treatment.

[0038] The refrigeration assembly as the cold gas generation and energy supply core of the system includes a motor 12, a multi-in-one controller 11 (integrating rectification, inversion and electric control functions) and a transformer 10 connected in series through a circuit. The transformer 10 is electrically connected with a high-power air compressor 13 and a high-power refrigerator 9 through independent branches, and the energy is distributed according to the rated power proportion of the high-power air compressor and the high-power refrigerator to ensure the operation of the two. The high-power air compressor 13 and the high-power refrigerator 9 are communicated through a high-pressure gas path to continuously supply compressed air as a refrigeration working medium to the high-power refrigerator 9. The cold gas output end of the high-power refrigerator 9 is communicated with the cold gas storage area in the heat preservation shell 6 through an air inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe is branched into an air outlet pipe near the outlet of the refrigerator. A first electromagnetic valve 8 is installed on the air inlet pipe to accurately control the cold gas flow entering the heat preservation shell 6, and a second electromagnetic valve 14 is installed on the air outlet pipe to directly discharge the excess cold gas into the atmosphere when the cold gas is excessive.

[0039] The controller as the intelligent control center of the system is electrically connected with the heat dissipation fan driving module of the main radiator 1, the first electromagnetic valve 8, the second electromagnetic valve 14, the temperature control electromagnetic valve 20, the pressure sensor on the heat preservation shell 6 and the two temperature sensors (located on the first water outlet pipe 22 and the second water outlet pipe 2) through wires. The controller receives the cooling liquid temperature of the second water outlet pipe 2, the cooling liquid temperature of the first water outlet pipe 22 and the pressure signal in the heat preservation shell 6 in real time, automatically controls the start-stop and speed of the heat dissipation fan of the main radiator 1, the opening and closing state and the opening degree of each electromagnetic valve based on the preset control logic and threshold parameters, and realizes the dynamic balance of the heat dissipation efficiency and energy consumption.

[0040] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 As shown, the side wall or top position of the insulation shell 6 is also equipped with a mechanical pressure valve. The input end of the pressure valve 15 is connected to the cold air storage area inside the insulation shell 6. The preset value of the valve opening pressure matches the safety pressure resistance level of the insulation shell 6 and the associated pipeline. When the high-power refrigerator 9 continues to deliver low-temperature cold air to the cold air storage area, or the pressure in the area increases due to changes in ambient temperature, so that the real-time pressure value of the cold air storage area inside the insulation shell 6 exceeds the preset safety threshold of the pressure valve 15, the valve core of the pressure valve 15 will automatically overcome the spring preload and open, and the excess high-pressure cold air will be discharged to the atmosphere through the pressure relief channel until the pressure in the area drops below the threshold and then automatically closes, thereby forming a passive safety protection mechanism for the insulation shell 6 and the entire refrigeration system, avoiding risks such as shell deformation and pipeline rupture due to pressure overload.

[0041] In some embodiments, a second air outlet pipe 17 for cold air reuse is further installed near the top of the side wall of the insulation shell 6. The input end of the air outlet pipe is sealed and connected to the cold air storage area inside the insulation shell 6, and the output end is selectively connected to the air inlet of the cab air conditioner 19 and / or the cold air inlet of the vehicle-mounted insulation box 16 through branch pipes. The second air outlet pipe 17 serves as the core channel for the secondary utilization of cold air. It can deliver the low-temperature cold air stored in the insulation shell 6 to the cab air conditioner 19 and / or the insulation box 16 as needed. The cold air delivered to the cab air conditioner 19 can directly participate in the cabin ambient temperature regulation, and the cold air delivered to the insulation box 16 is used to maintain the low-temperature storage environment in the box. The insulation box can be used as an on-board refrigerator to achieve diversified and efficient utilization of refrigeration energy.

[0042] Furthermore, an air distribution valve 18 is installed in series on the pipeline connecting the second air outlet pipe 17 and the cab air conditioner 19 to regulate the flow of low-temperature cold air delivered to the cab air conditioner 19, ensuring dynamic adaptation of the cooling supply to the real-time cooling demand of the cockpit; in addition, the air distribution valve 18 can control the mixing ratio of cold air and fresh air (the adjustment range can cover 0-100%), which can not only ensure that the cooling effect of the cockpit meets the standard, but also effectively avoid the problems of dry air and decreased oxygen content in the cabin caused by continuous input of pure cold air, thereby improving air quality while ensuring temperature comfort, and realizing the coordinated optimization of the energy utilization efficiency of the refrigeration system and the driving experience.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] A cooling and heat dissipation method for a large-tonnage vehicle, based on the cooling and heat dissipation system for a large-tonnage vehicle described in Example 1, is used for cooling and heat dissipation control when the vehicle is fully loaded and traveling downhill, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0045] 1) When the vehicle is full and downhill, the motor 12 enters the energy recovery mode under the braking reverse drag effect (provides additional braking capacity to ensure that the vehicle does not exceed the speed), and the excess power generated is reduced by the transformer 10 (output 380V adaptive voltage) and then distributed to the high-power air compressor 13 and the high-power refrigerator 9 (electric power is 30-300kw, and the minimum refrigeration temperature is-65℃) according to the preset ratio (the rated power ratio of the high-power air compressor and the high-power refrigerator) to provide stable working power for them, realizing the efficient reuse of downhill braking energy;

[0046] 2) According to the downhill working condition signal, the controller controls the first electromagnetic valve 8 to switch to the maximum opening state to allow the cold air to enter the cooling box 5; synchronously closes the second electromagnetic valve 14 to block the discharge of the cold air to the atmosphere; at this time, the pressure valve 15 is in the initial closed state to ensure the cold air storage efficiency; the high-power refrigerator 9 continuously generates low-temperature cold air of about-65℃ under the driving of electric energy, which is directed to the heat preservation shell 6 in the cooling box 5 through the air inlet pipe, and the cold air forms a low-temperature environment in the closed space to quickly exchange heat with the high-temperature cooling liquid (such as water) flowing through the auxiliary radiator 7.

[0047] 3) The controller monitors the cooling liquid temperature flowing out of the auxiliary radiator 7 through the temperature sensor on the first water outlet pipe 22 in real time, and continuously collects the cold air pressure data in the heat preservation shell 6 through the pressure sensor; when it is monitored that the cooling liquid temperature has not been reduced to 0℃ (without reaching the risk of freezing point; the motor does not allow the water temperature to be lower than 0℃), and the internal pressure of the heat preservation shell 6 exceeds the preset equipment pressure limit value (based on the safety parameters of the shell and pipeline), the controller controls the temperature control electromagnetic valve 20 to open, so that the low-temperature cold air in the heat preservation shell 6 is directly blown to the fin area of the main radiator 1 through the first air outlet pipe 21, and the cold air forced convection strengthens the heat dissipation efficiency of the main radiator; at the same time, the controller synchronously monitors the cooling liquid temperature in the second water outlet pipe 2, and when the temperature is below the upper limit of the safe temperature (such as the upper limit of the safe water temperature is 45℃), the cooling fan of the main radiator 1 is automatically controlled to stop running to reduce unnecessary energy consumption;

[0048] 4) When the controller monitors that the cooling liquid temperature of the first water outlet pipe 22 is close to 0℃ (such as 0℃ to 5℃), the temperature control electromagnetic valve 20 is closed to stop the cold air directly blowing to the main radiator 1; the first electromagnetic valve 8 is adjusted to a small opening position (the opening degree is calibrated to maintain the cooling liquid temperature at 0℃ to 5℃); the second electromagnetic valve 14 is opened to partially release the excess cold air. If the pressure in the heat preservation shell 6 continues to rise due to continuous input of cold air, when the pressure value reaches the preset safety threshold value of the pressure valve 15, the pressure valve 15 is automatically opened for pressure relief until the pressure is reduced to the safe range and is automatically closed, forming a double safety protection mechanism to avoid the risk of system overpressure operation.

[0049] In some embodiments, when the vehicle enters a climbing road section or a flat road uniform speed driving section, the high-power cooler 9 is switched from the high-power running mode in full-load downhill to a low-power dormant state (10kw low-power state for cooling the box to ensure that the equipment can quickly cool in downhill), to minimize unnecessary energy consumption. In this state, the high-power cooler 9 still maintains the basic refrigeration function, and the low-temperature cold air generated is adjusted by the small opening of the first electromagnetic valve 8 (maintaining stable micro-supply), and a part is continuously delivered to the insulation shell 6 of the cooling box 5. The heat insulation performance of the shell cooperates to maintain the temperature of the cold storage area in the low temperature interval, avoids the temperature rise of the residual cooling liquid in the cooling box due to the rise of the ambient temperature, reserves the cold quantity basis for the rapid cooling response when the vehicle may enter the downhill working condition again, and reduces the energy consumption fluctuation and equipment loss caused by frequent start-stop of the system.

[0050] In some embodiments, the cooling control step of the heat preservation box is further included: when the vehicle is in a driving state (including downhill, flat road or climbing stage) and the internal temperature of the heat preservation box 16 is higher than the preset refrigeration threshold (such as 5℃), the controller triggers the heat preservation box cooling instruction. The low-temperature cold air in the cold storage area of the cooling box 5 is delivered through the branch pipeline of the second air outlet pipe 17, which is connected with the cold air delivery main pipeline of the cab air conditioner 19, that is, the heat preservation box 16 and the cab air conditioner 19 share the second air outlet pipe 17 as the core cold air delivery pipeline, and are only connected to the air inlets of the two through the shunt interface at the terminal. The cold air flows naturally in the shared pipeline, and maintains the temperature in the box at 2-8℃ after entering the heat preservation box 16, meeting the low-temperature storage demand of food, drinks and other articles in the cab, while reducing the complexity of pipeline laying and energy loss through pipeline reuse.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] Finally, the application also provides a pure electric wide-body vehicle, wherein the large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system is installed on the pure electric wide-body vehicle. The pure electric wide-body vehicle is provided with the large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system to solve the problems of easy overheating of high-power devices, low utilization rate of brake energy recovery and other core problems in full-load downhill, and the large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system is integrated and installed in the power and heat dissipation system architecture of the pure electric wide-body vehicle.

[0053] The refrigeration heat dissipation system cooperates with the driving motor, the battery pack, the cab environment control and other core modules of the pure electric wide-body vehicle: the main radiator 1 is connected with the heat dissipation components 3 such as the driving motor and the battery pack through the closed loop of the cooling liquid pipeline, the heat preservation shell 6 of the cooling box 5 and the refrigeration assembly are integrated in the reasonable space of the vehicle chassis, and the controller is connected to the vehicle control system to realize the real-time interaction of the working condition signals. Through the refrigeration heat dissipation system, the pure electric wide-body vehicle can improve the heat dissipation efficiency under high-intensity working conditions such as full load downhill, convert the excess electric energy generated by braking into refrigeration energy, reduce the energy consumption of the vehicle, ensure the operation stability of the core components, and provide continuous cooling air supply for the cab and the vehicle-mounted heat preservation box, thereby significantly improving the comprehensive performance and driving comfort of the heavy-load electric vehicle.

[0054] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application in any form. Although the present application has been disclosed as above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present application, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-mentioned technical content without departing from the technical solution of the present application, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application still belong to the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system, characterized in that: include: a main radiator equipped with a cooling fan, wherein the main radiator dissipates heat from the cooling component via the coolant flowing in the second water outlet pipe, and a temperature sensor for monitoring the coolant temperature is installed on the second water outlet pipe; The cooling box includes a heat-insulating shell and a secondary radiator, the secondary radiator is arranged in the heat-insulating shell, the interior of the heat-insulating shell forms a cold air storage area, the secondary radiator is connected to the main radiator through a first water outlet pipe, the first water outlet pipe is installed with a temperature sensor, the heat-insulating shell is installed with a pressure sensor and a first air outlet pipe, the first air outlet pipe is directly connected to the atmosphere and is arranged corresponding to the main radiator, the first air outlet pipe is installed with a temperature control solenoid valve, the temperature control solenoid valve is used to control the cold air from the first air outlet pipe to blow directly to the main radiator; the coolant flowing through the heat dissipation component is transported to the secondary radiator through the water inlet pipe; A refrigeration assembly includes a motor, an all-in-one controller, and a transformer electrically connected in sequence, the transformer being electrically connected to a high-power air compressor and a high-power refrigerator, respectively, to provide electrical energy, the high-power air compressor being connected to the high-power refrigerator via an air circuit for supplying compressed air to the high-power refrigerator; the high-power refrigerator being connected to a cold air storage area within a heat-insulating housing via an air intake pipe, the air intake pipe further branching off to an exhaust pipe, the air intake pipe being mounted with a first solenoid valve, and the exhaust pipe being mounted with a second solenoid valve; The controller is electrically connected to the cooling fan, the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the temperature control solenoid valve, the pressure sensor and the two temperature sensors of the main radiator respectively; the controller is used to monitor the coolant temperature of the second water outlet pipe and the first water outlet pipe and the pressure of the insulation shell in real time, and control the start and stop of the cooling fan and the opening and closing status of the corresponding solenoid valve according to the monitored coolant temperature signal and pressure signal.

2. A large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure valve is also installed on the heat-insulating shell, and the pressure valve is used to automatically open and relieve pressure when the pressure in the cold air storage area in the heat-insulating shell exceeds a set threshold.

3. The large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second air outlet pipe is also installed on the insulation shell, and the second air outlet pipe is connected to the cab air conditioner and / or the insulation box, and is used to transport the cold air in the cold air storage area to the cab air conditioner and / or the insulation box.

4. A large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air distribution valve is installed on the pipeline connecting the second air outlet pipe and the cab air conditioner, which is used to regulate the flow rate of cold air delivered to the cab air conditioner and the mixing ratio of cold air and external air.

5. A method for cooling and dissipating heat in large-tonnage vehicles, characterized in that: The large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for controlling refrigeration and heat dissipation when the vehicle is fully loaded and going downhill, comprising the following steps: (1) When going downhill, the excess electric energy generated by the reverse drag of the power motor is reduced in voltage by the transformer to provide energy for the high-power air compressor and high-power refrigerator; (2) The controller controls the first solenoid valve to open to allow cold air to enter the cooling box, and the second solenoid valve to close to prevent the cold air from being discharged into the atmosphere. At the same time, the pressure valve is closed, and the low-temperature cold air generated by the high-power refrigerator continuously enters the insulation shell of the cooling box to quickly cool the coolant in the auxiliary radiator; (3) The controller monitors the temperature of the coolant flowing out in real time through the temperature sensor on the first water outlet pipe, and monitors the pressure inside the insulation shell through the pressure sensor. When the coolant temperature does not reach 0°C and the pressure inside the insulation shell exceeds the set equipment pressure limit, the controller controls the temperature control solenoid valve to open, so that the cold air is blown directly to the main radiator through the first air outlet pipe for cooling; the controller simultaneously monitors the coolant temperature of the second water outlet pipe. When the coolant temperature in the second water outlet pipe is lower than the safety temperature upper limit, the controller controls the cooling fan of the main radiator to stop working; (4) When the controller detects that the coolant temperature of the first outlet pipe is close to 0°C, the controller controls the temperature control solenoid valve to close, adjusts the first solenoid valve to a small opening position, and opens the second solenoid valve. When the pressure in the insulation shell continues to increase to the set threshold of the pressure valve, the pressure valve automatically opens to relieve pressure.

6. The method for cooling and dissipating heat for large-tonnage vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The small opening position of the first solenoid valve refers to an opening state that can continuously maintain the coolant temperature of the first water outlet pipe at 0°C to 5°C.

7. The method for cooling and dissipating heat for large-tonnage vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transformer outputs 380V electric energy and distributes it according to the rated power ratio of the high-power air compressor and the high-power refrigerator, providing energy support for the high-power refrigerator to stably generate -65℃ cold air; wherein, the electric power of the high-power refrigerator is 30~300kw, and the minimum cooling temperature is -65℃.

8. The method for cooling and dissipating heat for large-tonnage vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling dormancy control step when the vehicle is climbing a slope or on a flat road section: when the vehicle enters a climbing or flat road section, the high-power refrigerator switches to a low-power dormancy state, and part of the cold air it generates is delivered to the cooling box to maintain a low-temperature environment in the cooling box.

9. The method for cooling and dissipating heat for large-tonnage vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a cooling control step of the insulation box: the cold air in the cooling box is transported to the insulation box in the cab through a pipeline, and the insulation box and the cab air conditioner share the cold air delivery pipeline.

10. A pure electric wide-body vehicle, characterized in that: The pure electric wide-body vehicle is equipped with the large-tonnage vehicle refrigeration and heat dissipation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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