Side wall structure of railway wagon, preparation method and railway wagon

Abstract

The invention relates to a side wall structure of a rail wagon, a preparation method and the rail wagon, and relates to the technical field of side wall structures, the side wall structure of the rail wagon comprises an upper side beam, a lower side beam and an upper side beam, a cavity is formed in the upper side beam and used for reducing the self weight of the side wall structure, and a box-shaped section with flexural rigidity is formed; the upper side beam is arranged at the top of the side wall plate, and the upper side beam and the side wall plate are integrally formed; the side wall structure comprises a side wall plate and a plurality of side columns, the side columns are vertically and evenly arranged on the side, close to a containing cavity of the railway wagon, of the side wall plate, the upper ends of the side columns are connected with the upper side beam, and the side columns are used for guaranteeing the external expansion resistance of the side wall structure and preventing the side wall plate from deforming. The upper side beam and the side wall plate are integrally formed, parts for installing the upper side beam and the side wall plate are reduced, the upper side beam is designed to be of a cavity structure, the upper side beam is matched with the side columns, the overall dead weight of the side wall structure is reduced, and the rigidity of the side wall structure is guaranteed.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the application number 202510878522X with a filing date of June 27, 2025. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of side wall structure, in particular to a railway wagon side wall structure, a preparation method and a railway wagon. BACKGROUND

[0003] The railway wagon for carrying bulk cargo generally adopts a plate-column combined side wall, which is mainly composed of a side wall plate, a side column, an upper side beam and the like. According to the different positions of the side column relative to the side wall plate, the side wall can be divided into two structures of an external side column and an internal side column. Each structure can be divided into a riveting structure and a welding structure according to the connection mode of the side column and the side wall plate. The internal side column structure fully utilizes the vehicle gauge and can increase the vehicle volume compared with the external side column structure, but the manufacturing process of the structure is complex, and the phenomenon of coal accumulation easily occurs, and the cargo unloading rate is low.

[0004] The side column of the railway wagon side wall is connected with the side wall plate in two structures of welding and riveting, and the number of parts of this mode is relatively large. The side wall of the bulk cargo railway wagon currently generally adopts metal materials such as steel and aluminum, which leads to a large self-weight of the railway wagon. Therefore, a railway wagon side wall structure, a preparation method and a railway wagon are proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a railway wagon side wall structure, a preparation method and a railway wagon, which are used for reducing the parts of the side wall structure, reducing the self-weight thereof, simplifying the manufacturing process thereof, and thereby shortening the production cycle.

[0006] The present application provides a railway wagon side wall structure, which comprises:

[0007] An upper side beam, an inner part of the upper side beam forms a cavity, which is used for reducing the self-weight of the side wall structure and forming a box-shaped cross section with high bending stiffness;

[0008] A side wall plate, the upper side beam is arranged at the top of the side wall plate, and the upper side beam and the side wall plate are in an integrated structure;

[0009] A plurality of side columns, a plurality of side columns are vertically and uniformly arranged on the side of the side wall plate close to the railway wagon accommodating cavity, the upper end of the side column is connected with the upper side beam, and the side column is used for ensuring the anti-expansion capacity of the side wall structure and preventing the deformation of the side wall plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the side posts include hat-shaped side posts and flat side posts, the flat side posts are arranged at both ends of the side wall plate, and the hat-shaped side posts are arranged between the flat side posts at both ends.

[0011] In one embodiment, a reinforcing rib is arranged in the cavity of the upper side beam to prevent the upper side beam from being bent and deformed.

[0012] In one embodiment, a first flange is formed at the connection between the upper side beam and the side wall plate, the first flange is attached to the side wall plate to form the upper side beam and make the inside of the upper side beam form a closed structure.

[0013] In one embodiment, the hat-shaped side post has a trapezoidal cross section, the inside of the hat-shaped side post is hollow, the hat-shaped side post is provided with an opening on one side of the side wall plate, and a second flange is arranged on both sides of the opening of the hat-shaped side post to facilitate the installation of the hat-shaped side post and the side wall plate.

[0014] In one embodiment, the width of the opening of the hat-shaped side post is greater than the width of the side of the hat-shaped side post close to the accommodating cavity.

[0015] In one embodiment, the thickness of the hat-shaped side post 1031 is 90-110 mm.

[0016] In one embodiment, the flat side post has a trapezoidal cross section and a solid structure inside, the width-to-thickness ratio of the flat side post is greater than or equal to 2, and the thickness is less than or equal to 30 mm.

[0017] A preparation method of a side wall structure of a railway wagon, for manufacturing a side wall structure, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: primary curing, the upper side beam, the side wall plate and the side post are respectively cured and formed by a molding process using a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material;

[0019] Step 2: assembling the side wall plate and the side post by using an adhesive or a film;

[0020] Step 3: placing the assembled and positioned side wall structure as a whole in a hot press tank or an oven, and through continuous pressurization and heating for a certain period of time, the various parts that have been once cured and formed are realized secondary cementation and curing by the action of the adhesive or the film.

[0021] A railway wagon comprising a side wall structure prepared by the preparation method.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the upper side beam and the side wall plate are integrally formed, the number of components for installing the upper side beam and the side wall plate is reduced, the upper side beam is designed as a cavity structure, and the side column is matched, so that the self weight of the whole side wall structure is reduced, and the rigidity of the side wall structure is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The application will be described in more detail below based on the embodiments and with reference to the drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the car body structure of the application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the side wall structure of the application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a side view of the hat-shaped side column of the application in Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 4 is a side view of the flat side column of the application in Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the upper side beam and the side wall plate of the application;

[0029] Figure 6 is a sectional schematic view of the hat-shaped side column of the application;

[0030] Figure 7 is a sectional schematic view of the flat side column of the application;

[0031] Figure 8 is a schematic view of the end wall structure of the application;

[0032] Figure 9 is a front view of the end wall structure of the application; Figure 8 ;

[0033] Figure 10 is a left view of the end wall structure of the application; Figure 8

[0034] is a schematic view of the corrugated end wall plate of the application; Figure 11

[0035] is a schematic view of the connection between the end wall plate and the end upright plate of the application; Figure 12

[0036] is a schematic view of the structure of the chassis of the application; Figure 13

[0037] is a schematic view of the layup of the side wall plate of the application; Figure 14

[0038] Figure 15 ​is a schematic view of the ply of the hat-shaped side post of the present application;

[0039] Figure 16 is a schematic view of the ply of the end wall plate of the present application;

[0040] Reference signs:

[0041] 1, side wall structure; 101, upper side beam; 1011, first flange; 102, side wall plate; 103, side post; 1031, hat-shaped side post; 10311, second flange; 1032, flat side post; 2, end wall structure; 201, upper end beam; 202, connecting plate; 203, end wall plate; 2031, third flange; 204, support assembly; 2041, end upright plate; 2042, end post; 2043, cushion block; 3, underframe; 301, end beam; 302, pillow beam; 303, side funnel plate; 304, small cross beam; 305, middle beam; 306, large cross beam; 307, end funnel plate; 4, brace; 5, partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] A railway wagon body includes a plurality of side wall structures 1, a plurality of end wall structures 2, and an underframe 3. The plurality of side wall structures 1 and the plurality of end wall structures 2 are both mounted on the underframe 3, so that the plurality of side wall surfaces, the plurality of end wall structures 2, and the underframe 3 together enclose a containing cavity. In this embodiment, a railway wagon body includes two side wall structures 1 and two end wall structures 2.

[0044] Railway wagons for carrying bulk cargo generally use a plate-post combined side wall, which is mainly composed of a side wall plate, a side post, an upper side beam, etc. According to the relative position of the side post to the side wall plate, the side wall can be divided into two structures: a side post external structure and a side post internal structure. Each structure can be further divided into a riveting structure and a welding structure according to the connection method of the side post and the side wall plate. The body inner wall of the side post external structure is smooth, which is conducive to reducing the phenomenon of coal accumulation, and has the characteristics of simple structure, reliable use, and convenient application and maintenance. However, the space occupied by the side post between the side wall plate and the vehicle gauge cannot be utilized for the volume of the wagon body, so the utilization rate of the vehicle gauge is low and the volume of the wagon is small. Compared with the side post external structure, the side post internal structure fully utilizes the vehicle gauge and can increase the volume of the wagon. However, the manufacturing process of this structure is complex, coal accumulation is prone to occur, and the cargo unloading rate is low.

[0045] The side post of the railway wagon side wall is connected to the side wall plate in two structures: welding and riveting. This method has more parts. The side wall of the bulk cargo railway wagon currently generally uses steel, aluminum, or other metal materials, resulting in a large self-weight of the railway wagon. Therefore, a railway wagon side wall structure, a preparation method, and a railway wagon are proposed.

[0046] The plurality of side wall structures 1 are oppositely arranged on both sides of the underframe 3, and the side wall structure 1 is perpendicular to the underframe 3. Each side wall structure 1 comprises an upper side beam 101 and a side wall plate 102. The upper side beam 101 is arranged on the top of the side wall plate 102, and the upper side beam 101 and the side wall plate 102 are an integral structure. As shown in Figure 2 The integral structure of the upper side beam 101 and the side wall plate 102 is integrally made of fiber reinforced resin-based composite material through a molding process such as a heat pressure tank or a vacuum bag. The side wall plate 102 is a flat fiber reinforced resin-based composite material laminate plate structure. The inside of the upper side beam 101 forms a cavity for reducing the self-weight of the side wall structure 1 and forming a box-shaped cross section with high bending stiffness to bear the lateral and vertical loads of the side wall plate 102 expansion and the vertical bending of the vehicle body. A reinforcing rib (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the cavity to enhance the torsional stiffness of the upper side beam and prevent the upper side beam from bending and deforming. The connection between the upper side beam 101 and the side wall plate 102 forms a first flange 1011, which is attached to the side wall plate 102 to form the upper side beam 101 and form a reliable closed structure inside. The connection between the upper side beam 101 and the side column 103 forms an inclined surface.

[0047] To better implement the application, refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment, each side wall structure 1 further comprises a plurality of side columns 103, which are uniformly arranged on one side of the side wall plate 102 located in the accommodation cavity. The upper end of the side column 103 is connected to the upper side beam 101, and the lower end of the side column 103 is connected to the underframe 3 or the end wall plate 203. The side column 103 is also made of fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, and can preferably be made of carbon fiber composite material. The side column 103 is the main load-bearing component of the side wall structure 1, which can bear the pressure of the goods on the side wall plate 102, ensure the temperature resistance and safety of the vehicle body structure, prevent the side wall plate 103 from deforming, and effectively improve the anti-expansion capacity of the side wall plate 102. The cooperation of the side column 103 with the upper side beam 101 and the side wall plate 102 forms an integral structure, which enhances the lateral stiffness and longitudinal stiffness of the side wall plate 102. A plurality of side columns 103 are vertically and uniformly arranged on the side of the side wall plate 102 close to the railway wagon accommodation cavity, which is used to ensure the anti-expansion capacity of the side wall structure 1 and prevent the side wall plate 102 from deforming.

[0048] By integrally forming the upper side beam and the side wall plate, the number of parts for installing the two is reduced. The upper side beam is designed as a hollow structure, and cooperates with the side column, which not only reduces the self-weight of the whole side wall structure, but also ensures the stiffness of the side wall structure.

[0049] Specifically, the side column 103 comprises a cap-shaped side column 1031 and a flat side column 1032, as shown in Figure 3 , 4, 6 and 7, the flat side column 1032 is arranged at both ends of the side wall plate 102 close to the end wall plate 203, and the cap-shaped side column 1031 is arranged between the flat side columns 1032 at both ends. Among them, since the free area of the side wall plate 102 is large, in order to improve the external expansion stiffness under the pressure of the bulk cargo, a plurality of cap-shaped side columns 1031 are arranged longitudinally and spaced apart along the side wall plate 102. The cap-shaped side column 1031 is in the shape of a trapezoid, and an opening is arranged on one side of the cap-shaped side column 1031, and second flanges 10311 are arranged on both sides of the opening, the second flanges 10311 are mounting contact surfaces, facilitating the mounting between the cap-shaped side column 1031 and the side wall plate 102, the cap-shaped side column 1031 is hollow, and the width of the opening of the cap-shaped side column 1031 is greater than the width of the side close to the accommodating cavity, as shown in Figure 6 , the thickness of the cap-shaped side column 1031 is 90-110mm, and in the embodiment, the thickness is preferably 100mm. When relying on the gravity of the cargo to unload, in order to sufficiently reduce the blockage of the built-in side column 103 structure to the bulk cargo sliding downward along the end wall slope, while also maintaining a certain anti-expansion stiffness of the side wall plate 102 at the end wall plate 203 close to both ends of the inner side of the side wall plate 102, a flat side column 1032 is arranged, the flat side column 1032 is in the shape of a trapezoid, but the inside of the flat side column 1032 is a solid structure, the width-thickness ratio (W / T) of the flat side column 1032 is greater than or equal to 2, and the thickness (T) is less than or equal to 30mm, and the side of the long bottom of the trapezoidal section of the flat side column is connected with the side wall plate. Among them, the thickness of the cap-shaped side column 1031 is greater than the thickness of the flat side column 1032, and the specific structure is shown in Figure 3 and 4 . The end connected with the upper side beam 101 of the flat side column 1032 and the cap-shaped side column 1031 is closely attached to the inclined surface of the upper side beam 101, and the connection at this position is preferably by adhesive or adhesive film.

[0050] The bottom of the railway wagon between the two bogies is provided with an unloading hopper, and after the unloading bottom door is opened, the bulk cargo loaded in the wagon falls and flows through the hopper to be unloaded. Since the unloading hopper cannot be arranged above the bogie, the end wall of the vehicle above the bogie must be arranged in a structure with a certain slope to the horizontal plane, and the slope should be greater than the angle of repose of the bulk cargo loaded in the vehicle, so that the cargo above can be unloaded by gravity. The end wall of the railway wagon not only bears the pressure load of the bulk cargo in the vehicle, but also bears the inertial impact load generated during the running of the vehicle due to the start and braking of the train, as well as the conditions of curves, slopes, acceleration and deceleration. The existing railway wagon mostly adopts a hopper wagon, and the end wall of the wagon is generally in a plate-column combined structure. This kind of structure has a large weight, a complex structure, and a large manufacturing process difficulty. Therefore, an end wall structure of a railway wagon, a preparation method and a railway wagon are provided.

[0051] In this embodiment, multiple sets of end wall structures 2 are relatively arranged at both ends of the base frame 3, and each set of end wall structures 2 is inclined toward the interior of the accommodating cavity. Each set of end wall structures 2 includes an end wall panel 203 and a support assembly 204. Both sides of the end wall panel 203 are respectively connected to the side wall panels 102. The end wall panel 203 is arranged on the base frame 3 through the support assembly 204. That is, one end of the support assembly 204 is connected to the back of the end wall panel 203. The end wall panel 203 is integrally solidified. The support assembly 204 is used to support the end wall panel 203 to ensure that the end wall panel 203 is inclined.

[0052] In order to better implement the invention, refer to Figure 11 In one embodiment, the end wall panel 203 is corrugated, and the end wall panel 203 has evenly spaced crests and troughs in the transverse direction. The lower end of the end wall panel 203 in the longitudinal direction is connected to the base frame 3. The upper end of the end wall panel 203 is connected to the upper end beam 201 through the connecting plate 202. A third flange 2031 is provided on both sides of the end wall panel 203 in the transverse direction, and both sides of the end wall panel 203 are connected to the side wall panel 102 of the side wall structure 1 through the third flange 2031. Each crest and trough of the end wall panel 203 can play the role of an independent supporting beam in a traditional plate-column structure. From the perspective of structural mechanics, multiple troughs and crests can effectively improve the bearing capacity of the end wall panel 203, especially its strong bending stiffness in the longitudinal direction. The troughs and crests are continuous and symmetrical structures, which facilitates the simplification of the molding mold and reduces the specifications of the matching parts. The number of crests and troughs in the end wall panel 203 can be increased or decreased based on the actual vehicle body requirements. The height of the crests and troughs is generally 30-60 mm, with a wall thickness of 4-8 mm. The angles between the bottom plate of the trough and the top plate of the crest and web are all obtuse to reduce the accumulation of bulk cargo. The end wall panel 203 has a bend perpendicular to the surface of the end wall panel 203, namely the third flange 2031, on both sides, which connects the end wall panel 203 to the side wall panel 102.

[0053] In order to better implement the invention, refer to Figure 8 and 9 In one embodiment, the end wall structure 2 further includes an upper end beam 201 and a connecting plate 202. The upper end beam 201 and the connecting plate 202 constitute a baffle assembly, which is connected to one longitudinal end of the end wall panel 203. The upper end beam 201 is connected to the longitudinal upper end of the end wall panel 203 via the connecting plate 202. Specifically, the surface of the end wall panel 203 located within the accommodating cavity is used as the front face to determine its peaks and troughs. The peak surface of the upper end of the end wall panel 203 can also be connected to the upper end beam 201, and the trough surface of the upper end is connected to the connecting plate 202. The lower end of the end wall panel 203 is connected to the funnel plate of the base frame 3.

[0054] In order to better implement the invention, refer to Figure 8 and 9In an embodiment, the support assembly 204 comprises an end upright plate 2041 and a plurality of end columns 2042, the end upright plate 2041 is a profiled steel plate, and the end columns 2042 are channel-shaped cold-formed steel. The upper end of the end upright plate 2041 is connected with the end wall plate 203, the lower end of the end upright plate 2041 is connected with the chassis 3, and a plurality of end columns 2042 are arranged on the end upright plate 2041 along the support direction of the end upright plate 2041. Specifically, the middle part of the back surface of the end wall plate 203 is connected with the end upright plate 2041, and the lower end of the end upright plate 2041 and the end columns 2042 are connected with the steel structure of the chassis 3, which can be preferably connected by welding. Since the end wall plate 203 is a corrugated plate, there are wave crests and wave troughs, in order to facilitate the connection between the end upright plate 2041 and the end wall plate 203 and ensure more reliable connection, the wave crests and wave troughs are distinguished on the surface of the end wall plate 203 connected with the end upright plate 2041 (the back surface of the end wall plate 203), a plurality of pads 2043 are arranged at the wave troughs of the back surface of the end wall plate 203, and the pads 2043 are made of hard resin blocks. Each group of support assemblies 204 comprises a plurality of pads 2043, the plurality of pads 2043 are respectively arranged in the wave troughs of the back surface of the end wall plate 203 and kept on the same horizontal line, the end upright plate 2041 is connected with the wave troughs of the back surface of the end wall plate 203 through the pads 2043, so that the outer surfaces of the pads 2043 are flush with the wave crests of the back surface of the end wall plate 203, at this time, the end upright plate 2041 is connected with the wave troughs of the end wall plate 203 through the pads 2043, which facilitates the connection of the end upright plate 2041 with the end wall plate 203, and the connection mode can be rivet connection, which connects the wave troughs of the end wall plate 203, the pads 2043 and the end upright plate 2041 through rivets, as shown in Figure 12 The mounting state of the end wall plate 203 after connection is shown in Figure 10

[0055] By changing the end wall structure of the plate-column combined structure in the prior art into the end wall structure of the corrugated end wall plate, the baffle assembly and the support assembly, the number of parts is reduced, the assembly difficulty of the entire end wall structure is reduced, and the self-weight and manufacturing difficulty are also reduced.

[0056] In order to better implement the present application, refer to Figure 1 In an embodiment, a plurality of bracing rods 4 are arranged between the two side wall plates 102, which can increase the anti-expansion capacity of the side wall plates 102. The middle part of the accommodating cavity is provided with a partition plate 5, which is used to connect the middle beam 305 and the large cross beam 306 of the chassis 3 and the side wall plates 102 on both sides, so as to enhance the connecting stiffness between the two side wall plates 102. The bracing rods 4 and the partition plate 5 are made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy.

[0057] In order to better implement the present application, refer to Figure 13 ​In one embodiment, the chassis 3 comprises a plurality of end beams 301, a plurality of bolster beams 302, a plurality of side funnel plates 303, small cross beams 304, a middle beam 305, a plurality of lower side beams and a large cross beam 306, wherein the plurality of lower side beams and the plurality of end beams 301 form a rectangular chassis 3 frame, the bolster beams 302 are arranged at the front and rear ends of the chassis 3 frame, the middle beam 305 parallel to the lower side beams is arranged between the front and rear bolster beams 302, and the plurality of small cross beams 304 and the large cross beam 306 perpendicular to the middle beam 305 and the lower side beams are arranged between the middle beam 305 and the lower side beams. The middle beam 305 is a variable cross-section box-shaped welded structure, the bolster beam 302 is a variable cross-section double-web box-shaped welded structure, the large cross beam 306 is composed of a cover plate and an L-shaped angle steel, and the end funnel plate 307, the side funnel plate 303, the large cross beam 306 and the small cross beam 304 divide the chassis 3 into a plurality of unloading openings.

[0058] The chassis 3 is the main load-bearing structure of the vehicle body and is mainly welded by steel materials. Aluminum alloy or stainless steel and other light corrosion-resistant materials are used at positions inside the vehicle body in contact with bulk materials such as coal. In addition to riveting between aluminum alloy parts and steel material parts, the remaining steel parts are connected by welding.

[0059] In this embodiment, the side wall structure 1 is an integrated structure integrally cured and formed by a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, wherein the side column 103 is arranged inside the containing cavity of the vehicle body, the cap-shaped side column 1031 and the flat side column 1032 are arranged on the inner wall of the side wall, the rivets are used to connect between the two ends of the side wall plate 102 and the end wall plate 203, between the bottom end of the side wall plate 102 and the lower side beam of the chassis 3, and between the middle part of the side wall plate 102 and the partition plate 5, and the bolts are used to connect between the side wall plate 102 and the support rod 4.

[0060] In this embodiment, in order to reduce the self-weight of the railway wagon, the side wall structure 1 is prepared, and the preparation method of the side wall structure 1 comprises the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: primary curing, the upper side beam 101, the side wall plate 102 and the side column 103 are separately cured and formed by a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material through a molding process.

[0062] Step 2: assembling the side wall plate 102 and the side column 103 by using an adhesive or a glue film.

[0063] Step 3: placing the assembled and positioned side wall structure 1 in a hot press tank or an oven, and performing secondary glue curing and forming of the parts already cured and formed in the first step under the action of the adhesive or the glue film by continuously pressing and heating for a certain time.

[0064] In step 1, the upper side beam 101, the side wall plate 102 and the side column 103 can be made of different fiber reinforced resin based composite materials. In this embodiment, the hat-shaped side column 1031 and the flat side column 1032 are preferably made of 0.15 mm thick carbon fiber prepreg, which is formed by molding or pultrusion process. The integral structure of the upper side beam 101 and the side wall plate 102 is preferably made of 0.15 mm thick carbon fiber prepreg, which is formed by autoclave or vacuum bag process. Thus, the entire side wall structure 1 forms an integral structure without welding or riveting after being bonded and cured.

[0065] In step 3, the side wall structure 1 is cured in an autoclave or oven at a temperature of 80-90°C for 1-2 hours, and then at a temperature of 120°C for 3 hours, and then cooled to below 40°C at a cooling rate of 0.5-1.5°C / min.

[0066] Specifically, in step 1, the side wall plate 102 is made of multi-layer unidirectional fiber reinforced resin based composite material, and in this embodiment, carbon fiber prepreg is preferred, which is laid according to a certain order and direction angle, as shown in FIG. 2, wherein the inner and outer surfaces are made of bidirectional fabric, the internal layers are made of unidirectional carbon fiber prepreg laid according to the order of 0° / ±45° / 90°, the thickness of each layer of carbon fiber prepreg is 0.1-0.5 mm, the total thickness of the side wall plate 102 is 6-10 mm, and in this embodiment, 8 mm is preferred, and the outer layers are laid according to 0° / 90°. Figure 14 The hat-shaped side column 1031 is made of multi-layer unidirectional fiber reinforced resin based composite material, and in this embodiment, carbon fiber prepreg is preferred, which is laid according to a certain order and direction angle, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein the inner and outer surfaces are made of bidirectional fabric, the internal layers are made of unidirectional carbon fiber prepreg laid according to the order of 0°, and the outermost layer is laid according to 0° / 90°. The thickness of each layer of prepreg can be 0.1-0.5 mm. Figure 15 The hat-shaped side column 1031 is made of multi-layer unidirectional fiber reinforced resin based composite material, and in this embodiment, carbon fiber prepreg is preferred, which is laid according to a certain order and direction angle, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein the inner and outer surfaces are made of bidirectional fabric, the internal layers are made of unidirectional carbon fiber prepreg laid according to the order of 0°, and the outermost layer is laid according to 0° / 90°. The thickness of each layer of prepreg can be 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0067] The side wall structure 1, as a main load-bearing structure of a railway wagon body, is made of a non-metallic composite material, which can reduce the weight of the wagon body to the greatest extent, realize deep lightweight of the wagon body, increase the load of the wagon body, and improve the economic benefit of the railway wagon. In the embodiment, the side column 103 is internally arranged, and the side wall plate 102 can be repeatedly attached to the boundary of the railway wagon, thereby avoiding the invalid structure space of the traditional externally arranged side column 103, effectively increasing the volume of the accommodating cavity, and further improving the technical and economic efficiency of the railway wagon. The fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, represented by carbon fiber composite material, has a tensile strength of more than 1000 MPa and an elastic modulus not less than that of aluminum alloy material, which can maintain or increase the strength and stiffness reserve of the wagon body while reducing the weight of the wagon body. In the embodiment, the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material is used to make the integrally formed side wall structure 1, the number of parts is greatly reduced, and the process manufacturing process of the welding connection or riveting connection in the prior art is saved, so that the manufacturing process of the side wall can be effectively simplified and the production cycle can be shortened.

[0068] In one embodiment, a railway wagon can only include the side wall structure 1 prepared by the preparation method of the side wall structure, both ends of the side wall structure 1 are connected with the end wall structure of the railway wagon, and the lower end is connected with the chassis 3 of the railway wagon.

[0069] In the embodiment, in order to reduce the weight of the railway wagon, the end wall structure 2 is prepared, and the preparation method of the end wall structure 2 includes:

[0070] Step 1: The end wall plate 203 is attached to each layer of prepreg in the mold.

[0071] Step 2: The end wall plate 203 is placed in a hot press tank or oven with heating and pressurization, so that the fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material on the prepreg undergoes physical or chemical changes under the temperature and pressure for a certain time, and finally the end wall plate 203 is integrally cured.

[0072] In step 1, the end wall plate 203 is made of unidirectional fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, and in the embodiment, carbon fiber prepreg is preferred, which is attached in a certain order and direction angle. The outer layer is made of bidirectional fabric, and the inner layer is made of unidirectional prepreg which is attached in the order of 0° / ±45° / 90°. The thickness of each layer of prepreg can be 0.1mm-0.5mm, as shown in Figure 16 .

[0073] In step 2, the temperature in the hot press tank or oven is raised at a rate of 1-3℃ / min to 80-90℃, and then held for 1-2 hours. Then the temperature is raised to 120℃, and held for 3 hours. Then the temperature is lowered at a rate of 0.5-1.5℃ / min to below 40℃, and the tank is taken out.

[0074] In one embodiment, a railway wagon can only include the end wall structure 2 prepared by the preparation method of the end wall structure, and both ends of the end wall structure 2 are connected with the side wall structure of the railway wagon.

[0075] The fibers in the material mainly play the role of material strength and rigidity, and the resin protects and supports the fibers and also has a certain common load bearing effect. In this embodiment, the end wall plate 203, the upper end beam 201 and the connecting plate 202 all adopt a carbon fiber composite material laminate structure and are connected with each other by gluing or mechanical connection. The end wall plate 203 and the end upright plate 2041 are made of different materials and are connected by mechanical connection. Specifically, the upper end of the end wall plate 203 is connected with the upper end beam 201, the lower end is connected with the end funnel plate 307 of the chassis 3, the two sides are connected with the side wall plate 102, the middle part is riveted with the end upright plate 2041 and the end column 2042, and the lower part of the end upright plate 2041 and the end column 2042 is welded with the steel structure of the chassis 3. Since the end wall plate 203 is a corrugated plate with peaks and valleys, in order to facilitate reliable connection with the end upright plate 2041, the valley of the end wall plate 203 is directly connected with the surface of the end upright plate 2041, and a pad 2043 is arranged between the peak of the end wall plate 203 and the end upright plate 2041, and the end wall plate 203, the pad 2043 and the end upright plate 2041 are riveted by rivets.

[0076] A railway wagon, comprising a bogie, a brake device, a coupler and buffer device and a railway wagon body; wherein the bogie, the brake device and the coupler and buffer device are arranged on the railway wagon body.

[0077] Although the present application has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made to it without departing from the scope of the application and equivalent components can be substituted for those mentioned. In particular, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way, provided that there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A side wall structure of a railway freight car, characterized in that: include: An upper side beam, wherein a cavity is formed inside the upper side beam to reduce the deadweight of the side wall structure and form a box-shaped section with bending rigidity; Side wall panel, the upper side beam is arranged on the top of the side wall panel, and the upper side beam and the side wall panel are an integrated structure; Multiple side columns are vertically and evenly arranged on one side of the side wall panel close to the railway freight car accommodating cavity. The upper ends of the side columns are connected to the upper side beams. The side columns are used to ensure the anti-expansion ability of the side wall structure and prevent the side wall panel from deformation.

2. The side wall structure of a railway freight car according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side columns include hat-shaped side columns and flat side columns. The flat side columns are arranged at both ends of the side wall plate, and the hat-shaped side columns are arranged between the flat side columns at both ends.

3. The side wall structure of a railway freight car according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing rib is provided in the cavity of the upper beam to prevent the upper beam from bending and deforming.

4. The side wall structure of a railway freight car according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first flange is formed at the connection between the upper beam and the side wall panel. The first flange is fitted with the side wall panel to form the upper beam and form a closed structure inside the upper beam.

5. The side wall structure of a railway freight car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-section of the cap-shaped side column is trapezoidal, the interior of the cap-shaped side column is hollow, and the cap-shaped side column is provided with an opening on one side facing the side wall panel. Second flanges are provided on both sides of the opening of the cap-shaped side column, and the second flanges facilitate the installation between the cap-shaped side column and the side wall panel.

6. The side wall structure of a railway freight car according to claim 5, characterized in that: The width of the hat-shaped side column at the opening is greater than the width of the hat-shaped side column close to the accommodating cavity.

7. The side wall structure of a railway freight car according to claim 2 or 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the hat-shaped jamb 1031 is 90-110 mm.

8. The side wall structure of a railway freight car according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the flat side column is trapezoidal and the interior is a solid structure. The width-to-thickness ratio of the flat side column is greater than or equal to 2, and the thickness is less than or equal to 30 mm.

9. A method for manufacturing a side wall structure of a railway freight car, for manufacturing the side wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: One-time curing: the upper side beam, side wall panel and side column are respectively cured and formed by fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials through a molding process; Step 2: Assemble the side wall panels and side columns using adhesive or film; Step 3: Place the assembled and positioned side wall structure in an autoclave or oven. By applying pressure and heating for a certain period of time, the components that have been cured once are bonded and cured for a second time under the action of the adhesive or film.

10. A railway freight car, characterized in that: It comprises a side wall structure prepared by the preparation method according to claim 9, both ends of the side wall structure are connected to the end wall structure of the railway freight car, and the lower end is connected to the underframe of the railway freight car.

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