Compensation device and compensation method for improving 3D printing motion precision

Abstract

The invention discloses a compensation device and method for improving 3D printing motion precision, the device comprises a test plate and a spray head assembly, the test plate is installed on a printing plate of printing equipment and is provided with a standard positioning hole with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant lining, and auxiliary holes are formed in the periphery of the hole to facilitate assembling and disassembling of the lining; the depth of the magnet mounting holes is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the thickness of the plate, and the number of the magnet mounting holes is larger than or equal to 4, so that stable detachable connection is achieved; the spray head assembly is installed on the movement mechanism and can touch the wall face of the positioning hole under program control, coordinates are recorded by making contact with the detection component, the method comprises the steps of collecting the coordinates of the positioning hole, obtaining a compensation matrix and conducting precision compensation, and by optimizing the reference positioning and detection structure, the 3D printing movement precision and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of 3D printing, and in particular to a compensation device and a compensation method for improving the motion accuracy of 3D printing. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing (additive manufacturing) technology, with its advantages of eliminating molds and enabling rapid prototyping of complex structures, has been widely used in aerospace, medical, automotive, and other fields. Motion accuracy is a key factor in determining 3D printing quality, directly impacting the dimensional accuracy, surface roughness, and structural stability of printed parts. Insufficient motion accuracy can easily lead to problems such as misaligned printed layers, dimensional deviations, and even model collapse, severely limiting the application of 3D printing technology in high-precision applications.

[0003] The existing technology has many specific deficiencies: Poor reference positioning stability: The positioning holes of the calibration test plate are easily worn due to repeated touch, resulting in reference offset; the connection between the test plate and the equipment is easy to loosen, and the positioning holes need to be replaced as a whole after wear, which has high maintenance costs.

[0004] The nozzle assembly has obvious defects: there are gaps in the split assembly, which is prone to leakage; the connectors between the heating block and the heat dissipation component have high thermal conductivity, which can easily cause blockage; the connection of key components is easily loosened due to vibration, and the contact detection components are greatly affected by temperature, resulting in inaccurate coordinate acquisition.

[0005] The compensation method has limitations: coordinate acquisition relies on a small number of points, resulting in large fitting errors; the compensation matrix does not fully correct for coordinate system deviations, has limited coverage, and the acquired coordinates have poor repeatability, affecting the compensation effect.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems through hardware optimization and software collaboration to improve the 3D printing motion accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] The present application provides a compensation device for improving the motion accuracy of 3D printing, including a test board and a nozzle assembly. The test board is installed on the printing plate of an external printing device and is provided with a plurality of standard positioning holes. The nozzle assembly is installed on the motion mechanism of the external printing device. The nozzle assembly is used to move to a set height of the test board under program control, and then touch the wall of the standard positioning hole in multiple directions. The contact detection component senses the contact signal and triggers a stop, thereby recording the coordinates for fitting the center coordinates of the positioning hole, thereby providing benchmark data for accuracy compensation.

[0009] Each standard positioning hole is equipped with a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushing, and auxiliary holes for loading and unloading the bushing are provided around the standard positioning hole.

[0010] The bottom of the test board is provided with a positioning structure for detachable connection with the printing equipment. The positioning structure is a magnet mounting hole. The depth of the magnet mounting hole is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the thickness of the test board. It is distributed along the bottom edge of the test board and there are no less than 4 holes. The four sides of the test board are provided with rounded corners, and the edges of the standard positioning holes are provided with chamfers.

[0011] The standard positioning hole is a round hole, the bushing is interference fit with the standard positioning hole, and the bushing thickness is 1-3mm; the number of auxiliary holes is at least two, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the standard positioning hole.

[0012] The nozzle assembly includes an integrated nozzle, a heating component, a heat dissipation component and a contact detection component; the integrated nozzle passes through the heating component and the heat dissipation component and is connected to the heating component, the heating component is assembled on the heat dissipation component through a low thermal conductivity fastening structure, the heat dissipation component is connected to the moving mechanism of the printing device, and a contact detection component is provided on the heat dissipation component.

[0013] The contact detection component is a pressure sensor, which is fixed on the heat dissipation component through an independent mounting bracket.

[0014] The low thermal conductivity fastening structure includes a mounting hole, several thread holes and a fixing pin with top screws at both ends. The mounting hole is opened at the top of the heating component, the thread hole is opened at the bottom of the heat dissipation component, the fixing pin is passed through the mounting hole, and the top screws at both ends are fixed to the corresponding thread holes through threads.

[0015] The heating component comprises a heat-conducting sleeve, a heating plate and a hoop, and the heating plate is fixed on the heat-conducting sleeve through the hoop.

[0016] The integrated nozzle includes a nozzle head, a nozzle body, a throat and a throat heat dissipation sleeve connected in sequence. The throat heat dissipation sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the throat, and its outer wall is in contact with the heat dissipation component. The nozzle body is detachably connected to the heating component through a connecting structure.

[0017] The connection structure includes a nut, a pair of mounting grooves and a pair of floating retaining members. The nut is fixed on the nozzle body, and the nozzle body is connected to the heating component through threads. A pair of mounting grooves are symmetrically opened on the surface of the heating component and extend along the axis of the nozzle body. A pair of floating retaining members are respectively installed in each mounting groove in a floating manner. The lower ends are bent toward the nut and a retaining groove that adapts to the shape of the nut is opened at the end.

[0018] A compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy is also disclosed, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquiring positioning hole coordinates: Using the initial positioning point on the test plate as a reference, control the nozzle assembly to move to a set height, then touch the bushing wall of the standard positioning hole in multiple directions. The contact detection component triggers the stop and records the coordinates. Fit multiple coordinates of the same positioning hole to obtain the center coordinate, establish a motion matrix, and acquire the center coordinates of all standard positioning holes. S2. Obtaining the compensation matrix: Align the theoretical coordinate system with the actual coordinate system through coordinate transformation, calculate the coordinate difference to obtain the compensation matrix, and use interpolation processing to make the compensation points cover the printing plane; S3. Perform precision compensation: Check the compensation function and compensation matrix status before movement. If the compensation conditions are met, apply the compensation amount and perform range limitation processing. Otherwise, skip compensation.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The test plate is equipped with wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushings in the standard positioning holes to avoid direct wear of the positioning holes and maintain the benchmark accuracy for a long time. The auxiliary hole design enables the bushing to be replaced separately, reducing maintenance costs. The bottom positioning structure (such as the magnet mounting hole) ensures a stable connection between the test plate and the printing equipment, reduces vibration and looseness, provides a reliable physical benchmark for coordinate acquisition, and improves the stability and durability of the benchmark positioning.

[0020] 2. The integrated nozzle eliminates gaps in the split assembly to prevent material leakage; the differentiated material design of the nozzle head, main body, and throat takes into account wear resistance, efficient melting, and anti-clogging functions; low thermal conductivity connectors (such as titanium alloy fixing pins) block heat conduction from the heating block to the heat dissipation components to avoid insufficient heat dissipation; contact detection components (such as pressure sensors) are installed through independent brackets and buffer structures to reduce temperature interference and vibration effects, improve the accuracy of coordinate acquisition, and optimize the reliability and precision of the nozzle assembly.

[0021] 3. Multi-directional touch point sampling and circle fitting algorithm reduce the fitting error of the center coordinates of the positioning hole; affine transformation aligns the coordinate system and bilinear interpolation processing to achieve uniform compensation of the entire printing plane; range limitation in the compensation execution logic avoids motion abnormalities caused by over-compensation, ensures stable and reliable compensation effect, and improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of precision compensation.

[0022] 4. The floating locking piece adapts to the circular outer circumference of the nozzle through an arc-shaped structure, and the inclined groove transmission realizes the linkage between the locking plate and the power plate. Combined with the spring floating design of the locking piece, the nut can be quickly and accurately locked and unlocked, effectively preventing key components from loosening due to vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, improving maintenance efficiency, and enhancing the stability of component connections and maintenance convenience.

[0023] In summary, the present invention improves the stability and accuracy of the entire process from reference positioning, nozzle operation, precision compensation to component connection through the collaboration of hardware structure optimization and software algorithm, significantly reduces the motion error of 3D printing, and improves the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the printed parts, making it suitable for high-precision 3D printing scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2A three-dimensional diagram of a compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the heat dissipation component in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the nozzle assembly in the embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the integrated nozzle in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the test board in the embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the working state of the test plate and the integrated nozzle in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a flow chart of collecting positioning hole coordinates in step S1 of the compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 This is a fitting schematic diagram in the embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a flowchart of step S2 of the compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 This is a flowchart of step S3 of the compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 12 This is a flow chart of a compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the cooperation state of the heating component and the integrated nozzle in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the nozzle assembly in the embodiment of this application; Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the heating component in the embodiment of the present application (without the heating plate and the hoop); Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the heat-conducting sleeve in the embodiment of this application; Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a floating stopper in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 18 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the power plate in the embodiment of this application; Figure 19 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the transmission plate in the embodiment of this application; Figure 20 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the retaining plate in the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Reference numerals 1-test board, 2-nozzle assembly, 21-integrated nozzle, 211-nozzle head, 212-nozzle body, 213-throat, 214-throat heat dissipation sleeve, 22-heating component, 221-thermal sleeve, 222-heating plate, 223-hoop, 2231-spring, 2232-recess, 23-heat dissipation component, 24-independent mounting bracket, 241-contact detection component installation position, 3-standard positioning hole, 4-auxiliary hole, 5-low thermal conductivity fastening structure, 51-mounting hole, 52-thread hole, 53-top screw, 54-fixing pin, 6-connection structure, 61-nut, 62-mounting slot, 63-floating clamp, 631-power plate, 632-transmission plate, 633-clamping plate, 634-bevel slot, 7-locking member, 71-floating slot, 72-floating block, 8-magnet mounting hole DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0028] In the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a compensation device and a compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0029] Example 1: An embodiment of the present application provides a compensation device for improving the motion accuracy of 3D printing, which is characterized by including a test plate 1 and a nozzle assembly 2. The test plate 1 is installed on the printing plate of an external printing device and is provided with a plurality of standard positioning holes 3. The nozzle assembly 2 is installed on the motion mechanism of the external printing device. After moving to a set height of the test plate 1 under program control, the nozzle assembly 2 touches the wall of the standard positioning hole 3 in multiple directions. The contact detection component senses the contact signal and triggers a stop, thereby recording the coordinates for fitting the center coordinates of the positioning hole, thereby providing benchmark data for accuracy compensation.

[0030] In this embodiment of the present application, a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushing is installed in each standard positioning hole 3, and auxiliary holes 4 for installing and removing the bushing are provided around the standard positioning hole 3.

[0031] A compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy is also disclosed, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquiring positioning hole coordinates: Using the initial positioning point of the test plate 1 as a reference, control the nozzle assembly 2 to move to a set height, then touch the bushing wall of the standard positioning hole 3 in multiple directions. The contact detection component triggers the stop and records the coordinates. Fit multiple coordinates of the same positioning hole to obtain the center coordinate, establish a motion matrix, and collect the center coordinates of all standard positioning holes 3. S2. Obtaining the compensation matrix: Align the theoretical coordinate system with the actual coordinate system through coordinate transformation, calculate the coordinate difference to obtain the compensation matrix, and use interpolation processing to make the compensation points cover the printing plane; S3. Perform precision compensation: Check the compensation function and compensation matrix status before movement. If the compensation conditions are met, apply the compensation amount and perform range limitation processing. Otherwise, skip compensation.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the test plate 1 provides a unified reference through the standard positioning holes 3. Under program control, the printhead assembly 2 moves along a preset path to a set height above the test plate 1 (ensuring that the nozzle head 211 and the positioning hole bushing are in the same detection plane). Subsequently, the printhead assembly 2 slowly approaches the bushing wall of the standard positioning hole 3 at multiple angles along the X and Y axes (e.g., 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315°, etc.). When the nozzle head 211 contacts the bushing wall, a contact detection component (e.g., a pressure sensor) senses the pressure change and generates an electrical signal, triggering the printhead assembly 2 to immediately stop moving. The control system then records the current coordinate value. A circular fitting calculation is performed on the contact coordinates of the same standard positioning hole 3 in multiple directions to obtain the actual center coordinate of the positioning hole. Following this logic, the center coordinates of all standard positioning holes 3 are sequentially collected to form a motion matrix covering the printing plane, providing raw reference data for subsequent precision compensation and achieving precise conversion from physical reference to digital coordinates.

[0033] The existing technology uses a print head to draw parallel lines, then uses a camera to take pictures at specified points, and analyzes the differences in the pictures to obtain deviation values. A customized visual coding board is used to allow the camera on the print head to take pictures at various positions to obtain position information. In general, machine vision and graphics processing methods are used for detection. We use a physical touch detection method, which is essentially different.

[0034] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiment, in this embodiment of the present application, a positioning structure for detachable connection with the printing device is provided at the bottom of the test board 1, and the positioning structure is a magnet mounting hole 8. The depth of the magnet mounting hole 8 is 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the thickness of the test board 1, and is distributed along the bottom edge of the test board 1, with a number of no less than 4; the four sides of the test board 1 are provided with rounded corners, and the edges of the standard positioning holes 3 are provided with chamfers.

[0035] In this embodiment of the present application, the standard positioning hole 3 is a round hole, the bushing is interference fit with the standard positioning hole 3, and the bushing thickness is 1-3 mm; there are at least two auxiliary holes 4, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the standard positioning hole 3.

[0036] like Figures 6 and 7 As shown, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned structure, the test plate 1 is fixed to the printing plate by adsorption through the magnet in the bottom magnet mounting hole 8. The hole depth design of 1 / 3-2 / 3 of the plate thickness ensures both the magnetic strength (to avoid displacement of the test plate 1 during calibration) and the exposure of the magnet to prevent the flatness from being affected. The four or more magnets distributed on the edge ensure uniform force, ensuring that the test plate 1 fits tightly with the printing plate. The rounded and chamfered design of the standard positioning hole 3 reduces the wear on the edge of the bushing when the nozzle assembly 2 touches it, while preventing sharp corners from scratching the nozzle head 211. The interference fit between the bushing and the positioning hole ensures that there is no gap, ensuring the consistency of the touch position each time. When the bushing is worn after long-term use, it can be easily removed and replaced by inserting a tool through the symmetrically distributed auxiliary holes 4 to maintain positioning accuracy. The above-mentioned structures work together to enable the test plate 1 to maintain reference stability during multiple calibrations, reduce coordinate acquisition errors caused by loose installation or component wear, and lay the foundation for the accuracy of the compensation matrix.

[0037] Example 3: The difference from Example 2 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the nozzle assembly 2 includes an integrated nozzle 21, a heating component 22, a heat dissipation component 23 and a contact detection component; the integrated nozzle 21 passes through the heating component 22 and the heat dissipation component 23 and is connected to the heating component 22, the heating component 22 is assembled to the heat dissipation component 23 through a low thermal conductivity fastening structure 5, the heat dissipation component 23 is connected to the moving mechanism of the printing device, and a contact detection component is provided on the heat dissipation component 23.

[0038] In this embodiment of the present application, the contact detection component is a pressure sensor, which is fixed on the heat dissipation component 23 through an independent mounting bracket 24 , and a contact detection component mounting position 241 is provided on the independent bracket 24 .

[0039] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the integrated nozzle 21 of the nozzle assembly 2 is penetrated by a heating component 22 and a heat sink 23, ensuring a leak-proof material conveying path. The heating component 22 is connected to the heat sink 23 (which is equipped with heat dissipation fins 231) via a low-thermal-conductivity fastening structure 5, reducing heat transfer to the heat sink 23 and preventing signal drift in the contact detection component due to excessive temperature. The contact detection component (pressure sensor) is fixed to the heat sink 23 via an independent mounting bracket 24, maintaining a fixed distance from the nozzle head 211, ensuring timely and undelayed pressure signal transmission upon contact. When the nozzle assembly 2 moves near the positioning hole of the test plate 1, the heat sink 23 drives the entire nozzle in stable motion. The moment the nozzle head 211 contacts the bushing wall, the pressure sensor quickly senses the slight force and triggers a stop. The recorded coordinates are not affected by component vibration or temperature. Furthermore, the cooperation between the heat sink 23 and the throat 213's stop structure limits radial nozzle movement, ensuring consistent angles for each contact, improving the accuracy of the center coordinate fitting, and minimizing errors in the motion matrix.

[0040] Example 4: The difference from Example 3 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the low thermal conductivity fastening structure 5 includes a mounting hole 51, a plurality of thread holes 52 and a fixing pin 54 with top screws 53 fixed at both ends. The mounting hole 51 is opened at the top of the heating component 22, the thread hole 52 is opened at the bottom of the heat dissipation component 23, and the fixing pin 54 is passed through the mounting hole 51. The top screws 53 at both ends are fixed to the corresponding thread holes 52 by threads.

[0041] In this embodiment of the present application, the fixing pin 54 is made of titanium alloy or ceramic material.

[0042] In this embodiment of the present application, the heating component 22 includes a heat-conducting sleeve 221 , a heating plate 222 and a hoop 223 . The heating plate 222 is fixed to the heat-conducting sleeve 221 via the hoop 223 .

[0043] like Figures 3 and 4As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, in the low-thermal-conductivity fastening structure 5, a titanium alloy or ceramic fixing pin 54 is inserted through the mounting hole 51 of the heating component 22. The top screws 53 at both ends are threadedly locked into the thread holes 52 of the heat sink 23. This not only ensures a rigid connection between the heating component 22 and the heat sink 23 (reducing deformation due to movement), but also blocks the heat conduction path due to the material's low thermal conductivity. The heat-conducting sleeve 221 of the heating component 22 is secured to the heating plate 222 via a hoop 223, concentrating heat on the nozzle body 212 and improving material melting efficiency. Furthermore, the combination of the fixing pin 54 and the top screw 53 limits axial displacement of the heating component 22, preventing relative positional deviation between the nozzle head 211 and the positioning hole due to thermal expansion and contraction. When the nozzle assembly 2 performs touch detection, the heat of the heating component 22 is limited to a local area, and the temperature of the heat dissipation component 23 remains stable, ensuring the accuracy of the pressure sensor signal; the rigidity of the fastening structure ensures that the nozzle head 211 has no elastic deformation when touched, and the recorded coordinates truly reflect the position of the hole wall, further reducing the calculation error of the compensation matrix.

[0044] The hoop 223 is disconnected at a position corresponding to the heating plate 222. Three spring clips 2231 are provided on the hoop 223, two of which are located on both sides of the disconnected position of the hoop 223, and the third spring clip 2231 is symmetrically arranged with the first two spring clips 2231 about the axis of the hoop 223. The first two spring clips 2231 press the heating plate 222. A recess 2232 corresponding to the third spring clip 2231 is provided on the surface of the heat-conducting sleeve 221, and the third spring clip 2231 is used to engage with the recess 2232.

[0045] Example 5: The difference from Example 3 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the integrated nozzle 21 includes a nozzle head 211, a nozzle body 212, a throat 213 and a throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 connected in sequence. The throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 is mounted on the outer wall of the throat 213, and its outer wall is in contact with the heat dissipation component 23. The nozzle body 212 is detachably connected to the heating component 22 through the connecting structure 6.

[0046] In this embodiment of the present application, the integrated nozzle 21 is integrally formed by a hot pressing process; the nozzle head 211 is made of wear-resistant material, the nozzle body 212 is made of high thermal conductivity material, and the throat 213 is made of zirconium oxide, titanium alloy or ceramic material.

[0047] like Figure 5As shown, due to the aforementioned structure, the integrated nozzle 21 is formed through a hot pressing process. The nozzle head 211 (made of wear-resistant material), the nozzle body 212 (made of high thermal conductivity), the throat 213 (made of low thermal conductivity), and the throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 form a continuous sealed channel, preventing material leakage and achieving functional zoning: the nozzle head 211 withstands repeated contact and wear, the nozzle body 212 quickly transfers heat from the heating element 22 to melt the material, the throat 213 blocks heat transfer upward to prevent premature softening and clogging of the material, and the throat heat dissipation sleeve 214 is mounted on the outer wall of the throat 213 and contacts the heat dissipation element 23, enhancing the heat dissipation efficiency of the throat 213 and further suppressing heat dissipation. The detachable connection structure 6 (e.g., threads) between the nozzle body 212 and the heating element 22 facilitates separate replacement of the nozzle head 211 if it wears, reducing maintenance costs. When the nozzle assembly 2 is working, the above structure ensures that the nozzle is wear-resistant during touch detection, efficient during heat supply, and reliable during anti-blocking. Combined with the heat dissipation component 23 and the contact detection component, the repeatability error of coordinate acquisition is significantly reduced, ultimately improving the accuracy and stability of the printing movement after compensation.

[0048] Example 6: The difference from Example 5 is that, in this embodiment, in addition to the structural features of the aforementioned embodiments, the connecting structure 6 includes a nut 61, a pair of mounting grooves 62 and a pair of floating retaining members 63. The nut 61 is fixed on the nozzle body 212, and the nozzle body 212 is connected to the heating component 22 by threads. A pair of mounting grooves 62 are symmetrically opened on the surface of the heating component 22 and extend along the axis of the nozzle body 212. A pair of floating retaining members 63 are respectively floatingly installed in each mounting groove 62, and the lower ends are bent toward the nut 61 and a retaining groove adapted to the shape of the nut 61 is opened at the end.

[0049] like Figures 13 to 20 As shown, due to the above-mentioned structure, the nozzle body 212 and the heating element are fastened via a threaded connection. The nut 61 fixed to the nozzle body 212 provides a force support for the threaded connection, ensuring the connection strength. The mounting groove 62 symmetrically provided on the surface of the heating element extends along the axis of the nozzle body 212, providing a guide track for the floating locking member 63, aligning its movement direction with the axis of the nozzle body 212 and preventing radial bias during locking.

[0050] When the nozzle assembly is assembled or working, the floating stopper 63 can float axially in the installation groove 62 (to adapt to the size changes of the components caused by thermal expansion and contraction), and the bent stopper groove at the lower end is adapted to the outer wall contour of the nut 61: in the natural state, the floating stopper 63 is affected by its own gravity or preload, and the stopper groove fits tightly with the outer wall of the nut 61, forming an embracing stop, which limits the rotation tendency of the nut 61 around the axis of the nozzle body 212 - even if the nozzle vibrates during printing, or the heating component and the nozzle body 212 produce slight deformation due to temperature difference, the stopper groove can still maintain fit with the nut 61 through floating adjustment, effectively preventing the threaded connection from loosening.

[0051] When the nozzle body 212 needs to be disassembled (such as replacing the nozzle head), the floating locking piece 63 can be pulled upward to make it rise along the installation groove 62, and the locking groove disengages from the nut 61, releasing the lock on the nut 61. At this time, the thread can be loosened to separate the nozzle body 212 from the heating component, which is convenient to operate.

[0052] This structure ensures the long-term stability of the threaded connection (avoiding loosening due to vibration and thermal deformation) through the symmetrically arranged floating locking parts 63 and the locking grooves of the adapter nut 61, and is compatible with the slight deformation of the components through the floating design, while taking into account the convenience of disassembly and maintenance, ensuring the relative position accuracy of the nozzle body 212 and the heating component, and providing structural support for the accuracy of coordinate acquisition and the stability of printing movement.

[0053] Example 7: The difference from Example 6 is that, in addition to the structural features of the previous embodiment, the floating locking member 63 includes a power plate 631, a transmission plate 632, a locking plate 633 and a locking member 7. The transmission plate 632 is provided with a pair of mutually parallel inclined grooves 634. The power plate 631 and the locking plate 633 are both driven by sliders and matched with the corresponding inclined grooves 634. The cross-sectional shapes of the installation slot 62, the power plate 631, the transmission plate 632 and the locking plate 633 are all the same as those of the spray nozzle. The nozzle body 212 is in an arc shape concentric with the axis, and the lower end of the locking plate 633 is bent and provided with a locking groove. The left and right side walls of the power plate 631 and the locking plate 633 are slidably matched with the left and right side walls of the installation groove 62. When the power plate 631 rises and falls, the transmission plate 632 slides left and right in the installation groove 62 around the axis of the nozzle body 212. The locking plate 633 and the power plate 631 rise and fall synchronously. When the locking groove is in contact with the outer wall of the nut 61, the locking part 7 pops out to fix the transmission plate 632.

[0054] In this embodiment of the present application, the locking member 7 includes a floating groove 71 and a floating block 72. The floating groove 71 is opened at the bottom of the installation groove 62. A notch is opened at the bottom of the power plate 631. The floating block 72 is floatingly installed in the floating groove 71 through a number of springs. A pressing block is fixed to the upper end of the floating block 72, and the pressing block slides in cooperation with the notch.

[0055] In this embodiment of the present application, a ridge extending in the circumferential direction is provided in the middle of the mounting groove 62 , and a groove that slidably fits with the ridge is provided on the inner side wall of the transmission plate 632 .

[0056] like Figures 15 to 20 As shown, due to the above structure, when the nut 61 connecting the nozzle body 212 and the heating block needs to be fixed, the power plate 631 is driven by external force (such as manpower) to move up and down along the mounting groove 62: When the power plate 631 is lifted or lowered, the slider at its bottom slides along the inclined groove 634 of the transmission plate 632. Since the inclined grooves 634 are inclined and parallel to each other, the axial (lifting) movement of the power plate 631 is converted into the circumferential movement of the transmission plate 632 through the inclined groove 634. The transmission plate 632 slides left and right in the mounting groove 62 around the axis of the nozzle body 212. At the same time, the locking plate 633 cooperates with the other inclined groove 634 of the transmission plate 632 through the slider. Under the synchronous action of the lifting of the power plate 631, the locking plate 633 rises and falls together with the power plate 631. The locking groove at the lower end of the locking plate 633 gradually approaches the outer wall of the nut 61 due to the sliding adjustment of the radial position of the transmission plate 632. When the locking groove is completely fitted with the outer wall of the nut 61 (to achieve a surrounding locking of the nut 61 and prevent the nut 61 from loosening), the floating block 72 pops out from the floating groove 71 under the action of the spring force, and the floating block 72 is embedded between one side of the transmission plate 632 and the side wall of the mounting groove 62, thereby limiting the reverse movement of the power plate 631. The transmission plate 632 is fixed in the current position, and the locking state of the locking plate 633 is locked.

[0057] If unlocking is required, press the pressing block on the upper end of the floating block 72, the spring is compressed to retract the floating block 72 into the floating groove 71, and the floating plate retracts into the floating groove 71, releasing the restriction on the power plate 631, and at the same time driving the power plate 631 up and down in the reverse direction, the transmission plate 632 slides in the reverse direction, the locking plate 633 rises and falls with the power plate 631 and moves away from the nut 61, the locking groove disengages from the outer wall of the nut 61, and the unlocking is completed.

[0058] This structure realizes the linkage between the power plate 631 and the locking plate 633 through the transmission of the inclined groove 634. The spring floating design of the locking part 7 realizes automatic locking and convenient unlocking, and finally achieves a firm locking of the nut 61 (to prevent the connection between the nozzle body 212 and the heating block and other components from loosening), ensuring that the assembly clearance of the nozzle assembly 2 remains unchanged during high-frequency movement or long-term work, further improving the stability of coordinate acquisition and printing accuracy.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0060] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy, characterized in that: It includes a test board and a nozzle assembly. The test board is installed on the printing plate of an external printing device and is provided with several standard positioning holes. The nozzle assembly is installed on the motion mechanism of the external printing device. It is used to move to the set height of the test board under program control and touch the wall of the standard positioning hole in multiple directions. Its contact detection component senses the contact signal and triggers the stop, thereby recording the coordinates for fitting the center coordinates of the positioning hole and providing benchmark data for precision compensation.

2. A compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant bushing is installed in each of the standard positioning holes, and auxiliary holes for installing and removing the bushing are provided around the standard positioning holes.

3. A compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The standard positioning hole is a circular hole, the bushing is interference fit with the standard positioning hole, and the thickness of the bushing is 1-3 mm; the number of the auxiliary holes is at least two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the standard positioning hole.

4. The compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle assembly includes an integrated nozzle, a heating component, a heat dissipation component and a contact detection component; the integrated nozzle passes through the heating component and the heat dissipation component and is connected to the heating component, the heating component is assembled on the heat dissipation component through a low thermal conductivity fastening structure, the heat dissipation component is connected to the moving mechanism of the printing device, and the contact detection component is provided on the heat dissipation component.

5. The compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The contact detection component is a pressure sensor, which is fixed on the heat dissipation component through an independent mounting bracket.

6. The compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The low thermal conductivity fastening structure includes a mounting hole, a plurality of thread holes and a fixing pin with top screws fixed at both ends. The mounting hole is opened at the top of the heating component, the thread hole is opened at the bottom of the heat dissipation component, and the fixing pin is passed through the mounting hole. The top screws at both ends are fixed to the corresponding thread holes through threads.

7. The compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The heating component comprises a heat-conducting sleeve, a heating plate and a hoop, and the heating plate is fixed on the heat-conducting sleeve via the hoop.

8. The compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The integrated nozzle includes a nozzle head, a nozzle body, a throat and a throat heat dissipation sleeve connected in sequence. The throat heat dissipation sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the throat, and its outer wall is in contact with the heat dissipation component. The nozzle body is detachably connected to the heating component through a connecting structure.

9. The compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to claim 8, characterized in that: The connection structure includes a nut, a pair of mounting grooves and a pair of floating clamps. The nut is fixed on the nozzle body, and the nozzle body is connected to the heating component through threads. A pair of the mounting grooves are symmetrically opened on the surface of the heating component and extend along the axis of the nozzle body. A pair of the floating clamps are respectively floatingly installed in each of the mounting grooves, and the lower ends are bent toward the nut and a clamping groove adapted to the shape of the nut is opened at the end.

10. A compensation method for improving 3D printing motion accuracy, characterized in that: A compensation device for improving 3D printing motion accuracy according to any one of claims 1 to 2 comprises the following steps: S1. Acquiring positioning hole coordinates: Using the initial positioning point on the test plate as a reference, control the nozzle assembly to move to a set height, then touch the bushing wall of the standard positioning hole in multiple directions. The contact detection component triggers the stop and records the coordinates. Fit multiple coordinates of the same positioning hole to obtain the center coordinate, establish a motion matrix, and acquire the center coordinates of all standard positioning holes. S2. Obtaining the compensation matrix: Align the theoretical coordinate system with the actual coordinate system through coordinate transformation, calculate the coordinate difference to obtain the compensation matrix, and use interpolation processing to make the compensation points cover the printing plane; S3. Perform precision compensation: Check the compensation function and compensation matrix status before movement. If the compensation conditions are met, apply the compensation amount and perform range limitation processing. Otherwise, skip compensation.

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