A high-temperature thermal insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure shell of a ground test equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of heat insulation, and discloses a high-temperature heat insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure-bearing shell of a ground test device, which comprises a heat insulation layer, a supporting mechanism and a protection mechanism; the heat insulation layer is attached to a protection surface, which is the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell of the ground test device; the protection mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the heat insulation layer through a plurality of supporting mechanisms, the lower end of the supporting mechanism is connected with the protection surface, and the upper end of the supporting mechanism is connected with the protection mechanism. The present application can reduce heat loss during operation of the device, can withstand high temperature and pressure impact, improve the efficiency of the blowing test of the device, and ensure safe, reliable and efficient operation of the device.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of thermal insulation, in particular to a high-temperature thermal insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure shell of a ground test equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the operation of an aerodynamic ground test equipment, in order to achieve the goals of reducing the energy consumption of electric heaters, optimizing the design point of heat exchangers, reducing the design difficulty and cost of the equipment shell, improving the blowing test efficiency of the equipment, and ensuring personnel safety, the pressure shell of the equipment needs to be thermally insulated.

[0003] Currently, the thermal insulation of the pressure shell of the ground test equipment mainly exists in two ways: external thermal insulation and internal thermal insulation.

[0004] For small ground test equipment, external thermal insulation is usually used by covering the outer surface of the equipment with a thermal insulation structure. This method has the advantages of mature technology, simple structure, easy inspection and maintenance, and low cost. However, when applied to large ground test equipment, external thermal insulation has many disadvantages in terms of thermal protection: first, the pressure shell of the equipment has a large mass and a large heat capacity, and it needs to absorb a large amount of heat to reach thermal equilibrium, which not only increases the energy consumption of the electric heater but also increases the design difficulty of the electric heater; second, the equipment needs to frequently switch between normal temperature and high temperature, and when using external thermal insulation for thermal protection, the pressure shell of the equipment will deform due to long-term temperature changes, so the pressure shell needs to be designed for thermal decoupling, which undoubtedly increases the design difficulty of the pressure shell structure; third, the allowable stress and stiffness of traditional carbon steel materials decrease under high temperature, so high-temperature resistant metal materials need to be used for the pressure shell structure, which further increases the cost.

[0005] In contrast, for large ground test equipment, internal thermal insulation, which covers the inner wall surface of the equipment with a thermal insulation structure, is more suitable. Internal thermal insulation has obvious advantages over external thermal insulation: first, the heat capacity of the pressure shell does not consume heat, which can significantly reduce the power consumption of the heater and the design difficulty of the electric heater; second, the heating time and temperature balance time of the pressure shell structure are short, which helps to improve the blowing test efficiency of the equipment; third, after the pressure shell is thermally insulated, its structure is basically in a normal temperature working environment, which is basically the same as the design of a normal temperature test equipment, reducing the design difficulty and the material cost of the shell structure, and ensuring that the central axis of the equipment does not deviate.

[0006] However, there is currently no high-temperature thermal insulation structure suitable for the inner wall of the pressure shell of a ground test equipment. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the application provides a high-temperature heat insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure-bearing shell of a ground test equipment, which can reduce heat loss during equipment operation, withstand high temperature and pressure impact, improve the efficiency of the equipment blow test, and ensure safe, reliable and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0008] Specifically, the high-temperature heat insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure-bearing shell of a ground test equipment comprises a heat insulation layer, a support mechanism and a protection mechanism.

[0009] The heat insulation layer is attached to the protection surface, which is the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell of the ground test equipment.

[0010] The protection mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the heat insulation layer through a plurality of support mechanisms, the lower end of the support mechanism is connected with the protection surface, and the upper end of the support mechanism is connected with the protection mechanism.

[0011] Optionally, the heat insulation layer is formed by a plurality of heat insulation units, and adjacent heat insulation units are overlapped.

[0012] Optionally, the heat insulation unit comprises a plurality of layers of composite aerogel felt, and adjacent aerogel flexible felt is overlapped and attached; a fiber-reinforced aluminum foil layer is used to isolate between each layer of composite aerogel felt.

[0013] Optionally, the protection mechanism comprises a protection plate and a pressing strip assembly arranged at the edge of the protection plate, and the pressing strip assembly is connected with the support mechanism.

[0014] The pressing strip assembly comprises an upper pressing strip and a lower pressing strip, the upper pressing strip and the lower pressing strip are connected by fasteners, and a pressing joint is formed, and the edge of the protection plate is pressed in the pressing joint.

[0015] Optionally, the depth of the pressing joint is greater than the pressing depth of the protection plate.

[0016] Optionally, a plurality of protection plates are arranged on the heat insulation layer along the axis direction of the protection surface, and adjacent protection plates are overlapped or spliced.

[0017] Optionally, the support mechanism comprises a connecting piece, a height adjusting piece and an angle adjusting assembly.

[0018] The connecting piece is fixedly connected with the protection mechanism, the connecting piece is axially screwed with the upper part of the height adjusting piece, and the length of the connecting piece extending or retracting in the height adjusting piece is changed by screw rotation, so that the height is adjusted.

[0019] The upper part of the angle adjusting assembly is screwed with the height adjusting piece, and the lower part of the angle adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with the protection surface through a heat insulation pad.

[0020] Optionally, the height adjusting member is filled with composite aerogel felt inside.

[0021] Optionally, the angle adjusting assembly comprises an angle adjusting base, an angle adjusting gasket and a stud assembly.

[0022] The angle adjusting base is threadedly connected with the height adjusting member, and the angle adjusting gasket is located below the angle adjusting base and contacts through a slope.

[0023] The stud assembly comprises a stud and a nut, the lower part of the stud is fixed with the protective surface, the upper part of the stud penetrates the heat insulation pad, the angle adjusting gasket and the angle adjusting base in sequence and is compressed by the nut installed on the stud.

[0024] Preferably, the inclination angle of the slope where the angle adjusting gasket and the angle adjusting base contact each other is 3°.

[0025] The present application has the following advantages:

[0026] The present application can meet the requirements of equipment blowing test, withstand temperature alternation of 273K-650K and pressure change of 0.01MPa (absolute pressure)-0.4MPa (absolute pressure), the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 50mm, the safety factor is 2.0, the heat loss generated when the equipment runs in high temperature test state is ≤15MW, the heat insulation of the equipment pressure shell is realized, the heat loss of the equipment in high temperature running state is reduced, the test efficiency is greatly improved, the production transportation, manufacturing installation, maintenance and replacement are facilitated, the precision of the internal flow passage of the equipment is ensured, and the design difficulty and cost of the equipment pressure shell are reduced.

[0027] The heat insulation layer is in the form of several heat insulation units, which is convenient for production transportation, manufacturing installation, maintenance and replacement; the heat insulation unit is composed of a plurality of composite aerogel felt layers, adjacent aerogel flexible felt is staggered and pasted to avoid forming a vertical through air passage, and a fiber reinforced aluminum foil layer is used to isolate each layer, which plays a role in isolating the molecular heat movement of gas under high pressure and isolating radiation heat transfer, in addition, the fiber reinforced aluminum foil has a moisture-proof function for the heat insulation material.

[0028] The support mechanism is filled with aerogel (i.e. the height adjusting member is filled with composite aerogel felt inside), and the heat insulation pad is pasted on the inner wall of the stud surrounding shell, which can effectively improve the heat insulation capacity of the support mechanism and inhibit the "thermal bridge"; the height and angle of the support mechanism can be adjusted through the connecting piece, the height adjusting member and the angle adjusting assembly, and the precision of the air flow pattern is ensured.

[0029] The protection plate is arranged above the heat insulation layer, which can ensure that the airflow profile in the hole body does not change, and can avoid that the high-temperature airflow directly flows from the surface of the heat insulation layer, thereby reducing the flow loss; the protection plate is clamped by the upper and lower pressing strips, the depth of the pressing joint formed is greater than the pressing depth of the protection plate, and the protection plate can be freely expanded between the upper and lower pressing strips, so that the thermal deformation is released and the thermal stress is eliminated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the high-temperature heat insulation structure for the inner wall of the pressure shell of the ground test equipment according to the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 is another perspective view of the high-temperature heat insulation structure for the inner wall of the pressure shell of the ground test equipment according to the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 is a side view of the high-temperature heat insulation structure for the inner wall of the pressure shell of the ground test equipment according to the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a partial view of the A-A section in FIG. 1;

[0034] Figure 5 is a structural view of the heat insulation layer according to the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 is Figure 1 is a partial enlarged view of M in FIG. 1 (after the protection plate is removed);

[0036] Figure 7 is a view of the angle adjusting base and the angle adjusting gasket having an inclination;

[0037] Figure 8 is a view of the angle adjusting base in an inclined state;

[0038] In the figure: 1, heat insulation layer; 2, support mechanism; 21, height adjusting piece; 22, angle adjusting base; 23, angle adjusting gasket; 24, connecting piece; 25, stud; 26, nut; 27, inclined surface; 3, protection mechanism; 31, protection plate; 32, upper pressing strip; 33, lower pressing strip; 34, pressing joint; 4, protection surface; 5, composite aerogel blanket; 6, fiber reinforced aluminum foil layer; 7, joint; 8, heat insulation pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to examples thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar elements across the various figures are denoted by like or similar reference numerals, and the embodiments described below are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting of the present application.

[0040] In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] As described in the background, at present, the thermal insulation of the pressure containment shell of a ground test device mainly exists in two ways: external thermal insulation and internal thermal insulation.

[0042] For small ground test devices, the external thermal insulation method of covering the outer surface with a thermal insulation structure is usually adopted. This method has the advantages of mature technology, simple structure, easy inspection and maintenance, and low cost. However, when applied to large ground test devices, the external thermal insulation method has many disadvantages in thermal protection: first, the device pressure containment shell has large mass and large heat capacity, and it needs to absorb a large amount of heat to reach thermal equilibrium, which not only increases the energy consumption of the electric heater but also increases the design difficulty of the electric heater; second, the device operating mode needs to be frequently converted between normal temperature and high temperature, and when the external thermal insulation method is used for thermal protection, the device pressure containment shell will produce thermal deformation due to long-term temperature alternating load, so the device pressure containment shell needs to be designed for thermal decoupling, which undoubtedly increases the design difficulty of the pressure containment shell structure; third, the allowable stress and stiffness of traditional carbon steel materials will decrease under high temperature, and they cannot be applied in high temperature environment, so high-temperature-resistant metal materials need to be used as the device pressure containment shell structure, which further increases the cost.

[0043] In comparison, for large ground test equipment, the inner insulation mode in which the inner wall surface of the pressure-bearing shell is covered with a thermal insulation structure is more suitable. The inner insulation mode has obvious advantages over the outer insulation mode: first, the heat capacity of the pressure-bearing shell does not consume heat, which can greatly reduce the power consumption of the heater and reduce the design difficulty of the electric heater; second, the heating time and temperature balance time of the pressure-bearing shell structure are shorter, which helps to improve the blowing efficiency of the equipment; third, after the pressure-bearing shell adopts inner insulation, its structure is basically in a normal temperature working environment, and the design is basically the same as that of the normal temperature ground test equipment, which not only reduces the design difficulty, but also reduces the material cost of the shell structure, and can ensure that the central axis of the equipment does not deviate.

[0044] However, at present, there is no high-temperature thermal insulation structure suitable for the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell of the ground test equipment.

[0045] Based on the above reasons, as shown in the accompanying drawings, the embodiment provides a high-temperature thermal insulation structure for the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell of the ground test equipment, which comprises a thermal insulation layer 1, a support mechanism 2 and a protection mechanism 3. Figures 1-6

[0046] The thermal insulation layer 1 is attached to the protection surface 4, and the protection surface 4 is the inner wall of the pressure-bearing shell of the ground test equipment.

[0047] The protection mechanism 3 is installed on the upper surface of the thermal insulation layer 1 through a plurality of support mechanisms 2, the lower end of the support mechanism 2 is connected with the protection surface 4, and the upper end of the support mechanism 2 is connected with the protection mechanism 3.

[0048] The above technical features can realize efficient insulation of the pressure-bearing shell, reduce heat loss in the high-temperature operating state of the equipment, greatly improve the test efficiency, facilitate production, transportation, manufacturing, installation, maintenance and replacement, ensure the accuracy of the flow pattern of the internal flow passage of the equipment, and reduce the design difficulty and cost of the pressure-bearing shell of the equipment.

[0049] For example, the thermal insulation layer 1 is formed by a plurality of thermal insulation units, and adjacent thermal insulation units are overlapped; the thermal insulation unit comprises a plurality of layers of composite aerogel felt 5, and adjacent aerogel flexible felt is laid in a staggered manner; a fiber-reinforced aluminum foil layer 6 is used to isolate between each layer of composite aerogel felt.

[0050] ​The heat insulation layer in the above technical features is used to maintain the high-temperature environment of the internal flow channel of the device, prevent heat loss, and is in the form of a plurality of heat insulation units, and the specific number is determined by the size of the section device pressure shell. The bottom of the heat insulation layer is directly bonded to the protective surface (i.e. the inner wall of the protective surface pressure shell), the heat insulation unit is composed of a plurality of composite aerogel felt layers, the adjacent aerogel flexible felt is staggered and laid, a joint 7 is formed to avoid the formation of a vertical through air flow channel, and a fiber-reinforced aluminum foil layer is used to isolate each layer. The fiber-reinforced aluminum foil layer plays a role in isolating the molecular thermal motion of the gas under high pressure, while also isolating radiation heat transfer. At the same time, the fiber-reinforced aluminum foil has a moisture-proof function for the heat insulation material.

[0051] In order to stably apply the heat insulation layer to the protective surface, in an embodiment, the protective mechanism includes a protective plate 31 and a pressing strip assembly arranged at the edge of the protective plate, which is connected with the support mechanism;

[0052] The pressing strip assembly includes an upper pressing strip 32 and a lower pressing strip 33, which are connected by fasteners (such as screws) and form a pressing joint 34 (such as shown in Figure 6 The edge of the protective plate 31 is pressed into the pressing joint 34. The depth of the pressing joint is greater than the pressing depth of the protective plate. There are a plurality of protective plates along the axis direction of the protective surface on the heat insulation layer, and adjacent protective plates are overlapped or spliced. When splicing, a splicing plate can be installed below the adjacent protective plates to connect them. Arranging the splicing plate on the lower side (close to the heat insulation layer side) can avoid the protrusion of the splicing plate affecting the air flow profile above the protective plate.

[0053] The above technical features can protect the heat insulation layer and stably apply it to the protective surface. A stable air flow channel is formed on the inner wall. The protective plate is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel material, and its inner profile is the air flow channel of the device. The protective plates are overlapped in sequence along the axis direction of the device, and can freely expand or contract in the pressing joint formed by the upper pressing strip and the lower pressing strip when the temperature changes. The upper pressing strip is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel material and connected with the lower pressing strip by screws. The lower pressing strip is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel material and connected with the upper pressing strip by screws.

[0054] In order to realize the support and adjustment of the protective plate to adapt to the design center axis of the protective surface, because the protective surface deforms to some extent due to gravity during installation, causing the design center axis of the protective surface to change. In order to ensure that the design center axis of the protective surface is consistent with the center axis after the installation of the internal heat insulation structure, the height or inclination angle of the protective plate needs to be adjusted. Based on this reason, in an embodiment, the support mechanism 2 includes a connecting piece 24, a height adjusting piece 21, and an angle adjusting assembly.

[0055] The connecting piece 24 is fixedly connected with the pressing strip 33 of the protection mechanism, and the upper part of the connecting piece 24 is axially screwed with the height adjusting piece 21, and the length of the connecting piece in the height adjusting piece is changed by screwing to realize the height adjustment.

[0056] The upper part of the angle adjusting assembly is screwed with the height adjusting piece 21, and the lower part of the angle adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with the protection surface 4 through the heat insulation pad 8. The height adjusting piece is filled with the composite aerogel felt 5.

[0057] The angle adjusting assembly comprises an angle adjusting base 22, an angle adjusting gasket 23 and a stud assembly.

[0058] The angle adjusting base 22 is screwed with the height adjusting piece 21, and the angle adjusting gasket is located below the angle adjusting base and contacts through the inclined surface.

[0059] The stud assembly comprises a stud 25 and a nut 26, the lower part of the stud 25 is fixed with the protection surface 4, the upper part of the stud 25 penetrates the heat insulation pad 8, the angle adjusting gasket 23 and the angle adjusting base 22 in sequence and is compressed by the nut 26 installed on the stud 25. Preferably, the inclined angle of the inclined surfaces of the angle adjusting gasket and the angle adjusting base is 3°, and the aerogel composite heat insulation pad is laid around the stud 25 and is bonded to the inner wall of the equipment shell to improve the heat insulation performance of the place.

[0060] The above technical features can protect and support the protection plate, and in the technical features, the support mechanism 2 is arranged in a point type, and plays a positioning and restraining role on the heat insulation layer 1 and the protection mechanism 3. The connecting piece 24 is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel, is screwed with the height adjusting piece 21, and the upper part is fixedly connected with the protection plate. The height adjusting piece is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel, is filled with aerogel, reduces the weight of the support mechanism, is more convenient to install, and can improve the heat insulation effect of the place. The height adjusting piece is connected with the connecting piece through the screwing connection mode, and the height direction of the support mechanism can be adjusted.

[0061] The angle adjusting base is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel and is screwed with the height adjusting piece. The angle adjusting gasket is made of ceramic gasket and can be detached under the high and low temperature cycle working condition. The contact surfaces of the angle adjusting gasket 23 and the angle adjusting base 22 are inclined surfaces 27, and when the inclined angles of the inclined surfaces are both 3° (i.e. the inclined angle of the inclined surface of the gasket is 3° and the inclined angle of the inclined surface of the angle adjusting base is 3°), the angle adjusting assembly is like Figure 8After the assembly is shown, when the angle is adjusted, the angle adjusting gasket remains stationary, and the support mechanism 2 is adjusted in the range of 0~6° by rotating the angle adjusting base. The height and angle adjustment of the present application are performed during debugging, and after the debugging and installation are completed, the height and angle are no longer changed.

[0062] The stud assembly adopts standard parts and is welded at the bottom of the inner wall of the equipment pressure shell; the heat insulation pad 8 adopts aerogel composite heat insulation pad and is laid around the stud 25 and bonded to the inner wall of the equipment shell to improve the heat insulation performance of the place.

[0063] The high-temperature heat insulation structure for the inner wall of the pressure shell of the ground test equipment in the above embodiment can meet the requirements of the equipment blow test, withstand temperature alternation of 273K~650K and pressure change of 0.01MPa (absolute pressure)~0.4MPa (absolute pressure), the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 50mm, the safety factor is 2.0, the heat loss generated during the operation of the equipment in the high-temperature test state is ≤15MW, the high-efficiency heat preservation of the equipment pressure shell is realized, and the heat loss of the equipment in the high-temperature operation state is reduced.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high temperature insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure shell of a ground test facility, characterized by: The heat insulation layer, the support mechanism and the protection mechanism are included. The heat insulation layer is attached to the protection surface which is the inner wall of the pressure shell of the ground test equipment. The protection mechanism is installed on the upper surface of the heat insulation layer through the support mechanism, the lower end of the support mechanism is connected with the protection surface, and the upper end of the support mechanism is connected with the protection mechanism. The heat insulation layer is formed by a plurality of heat insulation units, and adjacent heat insulation units are overlapped. The heat insulation unit includes a plurality of layers of composite aerogel felt, and adjacent aerogel flexible felt is staggered laid; a fiber reinforced aluminum foil layer is used to isolate between each layer of composite aerogel felt. The protection mechanism includes a protection plate and a batten assembly arranged at the edge of the protection plate, and the batten assembly is connected with the support mechanism. The batten assembly includes an upper batten and a lower batten, the upper batten and the lower batten are connected by fasteners, and a press joint is formed, and the edge of the protection plate is pressed in the press joint; the depth of the press joint is greater than the pressing depth of the protection plate. The support mechanism includes a connecting piece, a height adjusting piece and an angle adjusting assembly. The connecting piece is fixedly connected with the protection mechanism, and the connecting piece is axially screwed with the upper part of the height adjusting piece. The upper part of the angle adjusting assembly is screwed with the height adjusting piece, and the lower part of the angle adjusting assembly is fixedly connected with the protection surface through a heat insulation pad. The angle adjusting assembly includes an angle adjusting base, an angle adjusting gasket and a stud assembly. The angle adjusting base is screwed with the height adjusting piece, and the angle adjusting gasket is located below the angle adjusting base and is contacted through a slope. The stud assembly includes a stud and a nut, the lower part of the stud is fixed with the protection surface, the upper part of the stud penetrates the heat insulation pad, the angle adjusting gasket and the angle adjusting base in sequence and is pressed by the nut installed on the stud.

2. The high temperature insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure shell of a ground test facility as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of protection plates are arranged on the heat insulation layer along the axis direction of the protection surface, and adjacent protection plates are overlapped or spliced.

3. The high temperature insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure shell of a ground test facility as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The height adjusting piece is filled with composite aerogel felt in the inside.

4. The high temperature insulation structure for the inner wall of a pressure shell of a ground test facility as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the slope where the angle adjusting gasket and the angle adjusting base are contacted with each other is 3°.

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