Rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting combined efficient leaching process and device thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rhombohedral manganese ore leaching, and particularly discloses a rhombohedral manganese ore dressing and smelting combined efficient leaching process, which comprises the following steps: 1. low-acid leaching: rhombohedral manganese ore powder is added into low-acid anolyte for stirring leaching, the acid concentration of the anolyte is 42-46 g / L, 8-10 cubic meters of low-acid anolyte is used for each ton of rhombohedral manganese ore powder, after the leaching is completed, the end point pH value is controlled to be 6.0-6.5 by adding a neutralizing agent, and the leaching slurry is concentrated by a thickener to separate supernatant and concentrated ore slurry. The present application can efficiently realize rhombohedral manganese ore leaching and is suitable for promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rhodochrosite leaching technology, specifically to a high-efficiency leaching process and apparatus for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting. Background Technology

[0002] my country possesses abundant manganese ore resources, with over 80% existing in the form of rhodochrosite. Besides manganese carbonate, this rhodochrosite contains other impurities such as ferrous carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and alumina. Therefore, it is difficult to smelt this type of rhodochrosite directly in a furnace. Furthermore, while manganese carbonate is a weakly magnetic mineral with a magnetic flux density of 50 × 10⁻⁶, it is still difficult to smelt it directly in a furnace. -6 ~55×10 -6 m 3 / kg, but magnetite grows alongside manganese carbonate. The higher the manganese carbonate content, the higher the magnetite content and the stronger the magnetism. Therefore, low-grade manganese ore can be screened out using a magnetic separator under a certain magnetic field strength.

[0003] Currently, the utilization of manganese resources in rhodochrosite mainly relies on wet leaching. In wet leaching, rhodochrosite is leached with reagents to produce reagent-grade manganese. Therefore, the grade of the manganese ore has a crucial impact on the manganese leaching rate and the manganese content in the tailings, directly affecting resource utilization and costs in the entire manganese deep processing system. However, with the decline in manganese ore grade, more manganese ore needs to be added to the leaching tank to maintain existing production processes. This not only leads to a decrease in the liquid-to-solid ratio in the leaching tank, resulting in uneven mixing between the material and the leaching agent, incomplete reaction, and high reagent consumption, but also causes equipment overload and excessive wear. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new rhodochrosite leaching process that can improve the manganese leaching rate while addressing the problems of high reagent consumption and equipment overload in existing processes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and smelting of rhodochrosite, which can improve the manganese leaching rate while solving the problems of high reagent consumption and equipment overload operation under the existing process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the basic solution of the present invention provides a high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and metallurgy of rhodochrosite, comprising,

[0006] Step 1, Low-acid leaching: Rhodochrosite powder is added to low-acid anolyte and stirred for leaching. The concentration of manganese ions in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the concentration of sulfuric acid in the anolyte is 42-46 g / L. Each ton of rhodochrosite powder corresponds to 8-10 cubic meters of low-acid anolyte. After leaching, the final pH value is controlled at 6.0-6.5 by adding a neutralizing agent, and the leaching slurry is concentrated by using a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry.

[0007] Step 2, High Acid Leaching: The concentrated slurry is separated into concentrate slurry and tailings using an electromagnetic slurry separator. The tailings are pre-discarded, and sulfuric acid solution is added to the remaining concentrate slurry for high acid leaching. The liquid-solid ratio and acid amount are adjusted using anolyte. The initial sulfuric acid concentration is 80-100 g / L. After the reaction, the pH value is controlled at 6.2-7.0 by adding a neutralizing agent. The leachate and leaching residue are separated by a filter press. The leachate is mixed with the supernatant obtained in Step 1, and the leaching residue is sent to the residue storage tank.

[0008] In one possible design, the stirring speed in step 1 is 300 r / min.

[0009] In one possible design, the leaching temperature in step 1 is set to 40°C, and the leaching time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours.

[0010] In one possible design, in step 2, the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate in step 2 is controlled to be 0.68:1 to 0.74:1, the liquid-solid ratio of solution to concentrate is 5:1 to 7:1, and the leaching time is 8 to 10 hours.

[0011] In one possible design, in step 2, the Mn in the leachate 2+ The concentration is 62-70 g / L, and the manganese content in the leaching residue is ≤4%.

[0012] In one possible design, in step 2, the manganese content in the dry weight of the concentrate slurry is ≥25%, and the concentrate slurry accounts for 25-40% of the mass of the underflow solution.

[0013] This invention also provides a combined high-efficiency leaching device for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting, used to implement the aforementioned process, including,

[0014] Base

[0015] The receiving tank, located on the base, includes a drive mechanism, a tank wall, and an outer bottom plate. The tank wall includes several spaced-apart tank plates, and a flexible lateral connecting plate is provided between adjacent tank plates. The lateral connecting plate is sealed and fixed to the tank plate. A flexible bottom connecting plate is sealed and fixed between the tank wall and the outer bottom plate. The outer bottom plate is provided with a discharge port, and a discharge pipe extending to the bottom of the base can be provided at the discharge port. The drive mechanism can drive the tank wall to retract inward or reset.

[0016] The filter cylinder includes a cylinder cover, a cylinder wall, and an inner bottom plate that can be opened and closed, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Both the cylinder wall and the inner bottom plate are provided with screen holes, the size of which is smaller than the size of the leaching residue. The cylinder cover is provided with a feed inlet. A stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the cylinder cover. The cylinder cover is provided with a first motor that drives the stirring shaft. The lower end of the stirring shaft extends into the bottom of the filter cylinder.

[0017] The lifting mechanism can raise and lower the filter cylinder, suspending it in the receiving tank.

[0018] In one possible design, the drive mechanism includes a drive disc and drive rods and guide frames disposed on the outer wall of the slot plate. The number of drive rods and guide frames is the same as that of the slot plate. The lower end of the guide frame is fixed on the base. The drive rod is perpendicular to the slot plate and slidably connected to the guide frame. A wedge is provided at the outer end of the drive rod. A spring is provided between the wedge and the guide frame. The drive disc is sleeved in the receiving slot. Several wedge-shaped openings are provided inside the drive disc. The wedge is located in the wedge-shaped openings. A driven tooth is provided on the outer edge of the drive disc. A second motor is provided on the base. A drive gear that meshes with the driven tooth is fixed on the output shaft of the second motor.

[0019] In one possible design, the lifting mechanism includes a column and a lifting hydraulic cylinder fixed to the column. The cylinder cover has lifting lugs. The free end of the push rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lifting lugs via a rope. The portion of the stirring shaft located in the filter cylinder has several upper stirring rods, several lower stirring rods, and several stirring blades arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper stirring rods are evenly distributed circumferentially along the stirring shaft. Each upper stirring rod has a support rod extending from the top of the filter cylinder to the bottom of the filter cylinder, with the lower end of the support rod extending to the outside of the lower stirring rod. The upper stirring rods, lower stirring rods, and stirring shaft are all hollow. The stirring shaft is closed at both ends, while one end of each upper stirring rod is connected to the stirring shaft, and the other end of each upper stirring rod has a liquid inlet. The middle side wall of the stirring shaft has several first liquid inlet holes. A first inlet check valve is provided at the liquid inlet. The first inlet check valve allows the acid in the middle of the filter cylinder to enter the stirring shaft from the first inlet in a one-way manner. The liquid bulging bag is flexible, and the cylinder wall is provided with several liquid bulging cavities. Each liquid bulging cavity includes a metal groove fixed to the cylinder wall. The groove opening faces the stirring shaft and is covered with a rubber membrane. The rubber membrane is sealed and fixed to the metal groove. A second inlet is provided in the middle of the rubber membrane, and a second inlet check valve is provided at the second inlet. A second outlet is provided at the lower part of the rubber membrane, and a second outlet check valve is provided at the second outlet. Several first outlets are provided on the side wall of the lower stirring rod, and a first outlet check valve is provided in each of the first outlets. One end of the lower stirring rod is connected to the stirring shaft, and the other end of the lower stirring rod is closed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the principles and effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] This invention first utilizes a two-stage low-acid-high-acid process to leach rhodochrosite. During the leaching process, a magnetic separation process is added to pre-discard low-grade tailings and select high-grade slurry for high-acid leaching. This reduces the amount of slurry input, appropriately increases the liquid-solid ratio during leaching, promotes thorough mixing of manganese ore and leaching agent, increases the manganese leaching rate, and reduces the manganese content in the tailings. It also significantly improves the utilization rate of manganese resources in the entire system, while reducing reagent consumption and avoiding overload operation of the equipment.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] (1) The process of this invention is simple, the technology is mature, there are no special equipment requirements, and it is easy to industrialize.

[0024] (2) In the process of leaching rhodochrosite, the present invention utilizes magnetic separation technology in the field of mineral processing to screen out high-grade concentrates, pre-discard low-grade tailings, and select high-grade slurry for high-acid leaching tanks, thereby reducing the amount of slurry input.

[0025] (3) It promotes the full mixing of manganese ore and leaching agent, resulting in a high manganese leaching rate and low manganese content in the tailings, thus maximizing resource utilization.

[0026] (4) The present invention reduces the amount of reagents consumed in the entire manganese ore leaching process and avoids the equipment from operating under overload.

[0027] The attached diagram illustrates...

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A perspective view of a high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and metallurgy of rhodochrosite, as proposed in an embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 A perspective view of a high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and metallurgy of rhodochrosite, as proposed in an embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0031] Figure 3 This paper shows a front view of a high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and metallurgy of rhodochrosite according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 It shows Figure 3 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0033] Figure 5 It shows Figure 4DD section view;

[0034] Figure 6 A top view of a high-efficiency leaching apparatus for the beneficiation and smelting of rhodochrosite, as proposed in an embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0035] Figure 7 It shows Figure 6 CC-direction sectional view;

[0036] Figure 8 It shows Figure 1 A 3D view of the middle filter cartridge;

[0037] Figure 9 It shows Figure 8 The main view;

[0038] Figure 10 It shows Figure 9 BB-direction sectional view;

[0039] Figure 11 It shows Figure 10 FF section view;

[0040] Figure 12 It shows Figure 8 Top view;

[0041] Figure 13 It shows Figure 12 EE-directed sectional view;

[0042] Figure 14 A schematic flow diagram of a combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention. These drawings are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementation methods and the advantages of the present invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0045] Filter cylinder 1, receiving tank 2, stirring shaft 3, upper stirring rod 4, support rod 5, lower stirring rod 6, first liquid outlet 7, stirring blade 8, liquid drum chamber 9, second liquid outlet 10, first liquid inlet 11, second liquid inlet 12, feed inlet 13, lifting lug 14, first motor 15, driving pulley 16, driven pulley 17, trough plate 18, side connecting plate 19, outer bottom plate 20, bottom connecting plate 21, lifting hydraulic cylinder 22, inner bottom plate 23, base 24, wedge block 25, drive rod 26, drive disc 27, driving gear 28, second motor 29, column 30, guide frame 31, slot 32, liquid drum 33, guide pin 34.

[0046] In brief, the present invention provides a combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting, comprising:

[0047] Step 1, Low-acid leaching: Rhodochrosite powder is added to low-acid anolyte and stirred for leaching. The concentration of manganese ions in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the concentration of sulfuric acid in the anolyte is 42-46 g / L. Each ton of rhodochrosite powder corresponds to 8-10 cubic meters of low-acid anolyte. After leaching, the final pH value is controlled at 6.0-6.5 by adding a neutralizing agent, and the leaching slurry is concentrated by using a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry.

[0048] Step 2, High Acid Leaching: The concentrated slurry is separated into concentrate slurry and tailings using an electromagnetic slurry separator. The tailings are pre-discarded, and sulfuric acid solution is added to the remaining concentrate slurry for high acid leaching. The liquid-solid ratio and acid amount are adjusted using anolyte. The initial sulfuric acid concentration is 80-100 g / L. After the reaction, the pH value is controlled at 6.2-7.0 by adding a neutralizing agent. The leachate and leaching residue are separated by a filter press. The leachate is mixed with the supernatant obtained in Step 1, and the leaching residue is sent to the residue storage tank.

[0049] In step 1, the stirring speed is 300 r / min. The leaching temperature in step 1 is set to 40℃, and the leaching time is 1.5–2.5 h. In step 2, the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate from step 2 is controlled at 0.68:1–0.74:1, the liquid-to-solid ratio of solution to concentrate is 5:1–7:1, and the leaching time is 8–10 h. In step 2, the Mn content in the leachate is... 2+ The concentration is 62-70 g / L, the manganese content in the leaching residue is ≤4%, in step 2, the manganese content in the dry weight of the concentrate slurry is ≥25%, and the concentrate slurry accounts for 25-40% of the mass of the underflow solution.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figure 14 As shown, the present invention provides a combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting, comprising:

[0052] Low-acid leaching: using rhodochrosite powder and anolyte as raw materials, the manganese ion concentration in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the sulfuric acid concentration is 42-46 g / L, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1 (where the anolyte is 3 ml). 3 Rhodochrosite powder (0.3t) was added to the anolyte, and the leaching temperature was set to 40℃ (the workshop anolyte temperature was 40℃). Leaching was carried out for 2 hours at a stirring speed of 300 r / min. After leaching, the slurry was collected to obtain a low-acid leachate and a low-acid leachate residue. Testing showed that when the leaching time was 2 hours, the Mn content in the leachate was... 2+ The concentration of sulfuric acid was 1.2 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 15.92%.

[0053] Magnetic separation-high acid leaching: The low-acid leaching slurry, after neutralization to a pH of 6.0-6.5, is sent to a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry. The concentrated slurry is then subjected to a magnetic separator with a pH of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 5 Under a magnetic field strength of A / m, the concentrate and tailings were separated, and the manganese grade in the concentrate and tailings was tested. The manganese grade in the concentrate was 26.4%, and the manganese grade in the tailings was 11.4%. The concentrate content accounted for 66% of the total dry weight of the low-acid leaching pulp. The concentrate pulp with a concentration of 30% (the mass percentage of concentrate pulp to underflow solution) after separation was sent to a high-acid leaching tank. Sulfuric acid was added to control the acid-to-slurry ratio at 0.7:1 (the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate pulp), and high-acid leaching was carried out. The liquid-to-solid ratio was adjusted to 6:1 using anolyte, and the leaching time was 9 hours. After leaching, the Mn content in the leachate was measured. 2+ The total manganese content in the leaching residue was tested, and the result was Mn 2+ The concentration was 67.1 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 3.83%.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] This invention discloses a combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting, comprising:

[0056] Low-acid leaching: using rhodochrosite powder and anolyte as raw materials, the manganese ion concentration in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the sulfuric acid concentration is 42-46 g / L, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1 (where the anolyte is 3 ml). 3 Rhodochrosite powder (0.3t) was added to the anolyte, and the leaching temperature was set to 40℃ (the workshop anolyte temperature was 40℃). Leaching was carried out for 1.0 h with stirring at 300 r / min. After completion, the slurry was collected to obtain low-acid leachate and low-acid leachate residue. Testing showed that the leaching time was 1.0 h, and the Mn content in the leachate was... 2+ The concentration was 31.4 g / L, and the sulfuric acid concentration was 5.1 g / L; the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 16.94%.

[0057] Magnetic separation-high acid leaching: The low-acid leaching slurry, after neutralization to a pH of 6.0-6.5, is sent to a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry. The concentrated slurry is then subjected to a magnetic separator with a pH of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 5 Under a magnetic field strength of A / m, the concentrate and tailings were separated, and the manganese grade in the concentrate and tailings was tested. The manganese grade in the concentrate was 26.4%, and the manganese grade in the tailings was 11.4%. The concentrate content accounted for 66% of the total dry weight of the low-acid leaching pulp. The concentrate pulp with a concentration of 30% (the mass percentage of concentrate pulp to underflow solution) after separation was sent to a high-acid leaching tank. Sulfuric acid was added to control the acid-to-slurry ratio at 0.68:1 (the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate pulp), and high-acid leaching was carried out. The liquid-to-solid ratio was adjusted to 6:1 using anolyte, and the leaching time was 9 hours. After leaching, the Mn content in the leachate was measured. 2+ The total manganese content in the leaching residue was tested, and the result was Mn 2+ The concentration was 65.2 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 3.94%.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] This invention discloses a combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting, comprising:

[0060] Low-acid leaching: using rhodochrosite powder and anolyte as raw materials, the manganese ion concentration in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the sulfuric acid concentration is 42-46 g / L, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1 (where the anolyte is 3 ml). 3 Rhodochrosite powder (0.3t) was added to the anolyte, and the leaching temperature was set to 40℃ (the workshop anolyte temperature was 40℃). Leaching was carried out for 2.5 hours with stirring at 300 r / min. After leaching, the slurry was collected to obtain a low-acid leachate and a low-acid leachate residue. Testing showed that when the leaching time was 2.5 hours, the Mn content in the leachate was... 2+ The concentration was 34.6 g / L, and the sulfuric acid concentration was 1.2 g / L; the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 15.42%.

[0061] Magnetic separation-high acid leaching: The low-acid leaching slurry, after neutralization to a pH of 6.0-6.5, is sent to a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry. The concentrated slurry is then subjected to a magnetic separator with a pH of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 5Under a magnetic field strength of A / m, the concentrate and tailings were separated, and the manganese grade in the concentrate and tailings was tested. The manganese grade in the concentrate was 26.4%, and the manganese grade in the tailings was 11.4%. The concentrate content accounted for 66% of the total dry weight of the low-acid leaching pulp. The concentrate pulp with a concentration of 30% (the mass percentage of concentrate pulp to underflow solution) after separation was sent to a high-acid leaching tank. Sulfuric acid was added to control the acid-to-slurry ratio at 0.72:1 (the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate pulp), and high-acid leaching was carried out. The liquid-to-solid ratio was adjusted to 6:1 using anolyte, and the leaching time was 8 hours. After leaching, the Mn content in the leachate was measured. 2+ The total manganese content in the leaching residue was tested, and the result was Mn 2+ The concentration was 68.9 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 3.79%.

[0062] Example 4:

[0063] This invention discloses a combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting, comprising:

[0064] Low-acid leaching: using rhodochrosite powder and anolyte as raw materials, the manganese ion concentration in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the sulfuric acid concentration is 42-46 g / L, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1 (where the anolyte is 3 ml). 3 Rhodochrosite powder (0.3t) was added to the anolyte, and the leaching temperature was set to 40℃ (the workshop anolyte temperature was 40℃). Leaching was carried out for 1.5 hours at a stirring speed of 300 r / min. After leaching, the slurry was collected to obtain a low-acid leachate and a low-acid leachate residue. Testing showed that when the leaching time was 1.5 hours, the Mn content in the leachate was... 2+ The concentration of sulfuric acid was 2.4 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 16.23%.

[0065] Magnetic separation-high acid leaching: The low-acid leaching slurry, after neutralization to a pH of 6.0-6.5, is sent to a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry. The concentrated slurry is then subjected to a magnetic separator with a pH of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 5 Under a magnetic field strength of A / m, the concentrate and tailings were separated, and the manganese grade in the concentrate and tailings was tested. The manganese grade in the concentrate was 26.4%, and the manganese grade in the tailings was 11.4%. The concentrate content accounted for 66% of the total dry weight of the low-acid leaching pulp. The concentrate pulp with a concentration of 30% (the mass percentage of concentrate pulp to underflow solution) after separation was sent to a high-acid leaching tank. Sulfuric acid was added to control the acid-to-slurry ratio at 0.7:1 (the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate pulp), and high-acid leaching was carried out. The liquid-to-solid ratio was adjusted to 6:1 using anolyte, and the leaching time was 9 hours. After leaching, the Mn content in the leachate was measured. 2+ The total manganese content in the leaching residue was tested, and the result was Mn 2+The concentration was 67.1 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 3.83%.

[0066] Example 5:

[0067] This invention discloses a combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting, comprising:

[0068] Low-acid leaching: using rhodochrosite powder and anolyte as raw materials, the manganese ion concentration in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the sulfuric acid concentration is 42-46 g / L, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1 (where the anolyte is 3 ml). 3 Rhodochrosite powder (0.3t) was added to the anolyte, and the leaching temperature was set to 40℃ (the workshop anolyte temperature was 40℃). Leaching was carried out for 2 hours at a stirring speed of 300 r / min. After leaching, the slurry was collected to obtain a low-acid leachate and a low-acid leachate residue. Testing showed that when the leaching time was 2 hours, the Mn content in the leachate was... 2+ The concentration of sulfuric acid was 1.2 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 15.92%.

[0069] Magnetic separation-high acid leaching: The low-acid leaching slurry, after neutralization to a pH of 6.0-6.5, is sent to a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry. The concentrated slurry is then subjected to a magnetic separator with a pH of 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 5 Under a magnetic field strength of A / m, the concentrate and tailings were separated, and the manganese grade in the concentrate and tailings was tested. The manganese grade in the concentrate was 26.4%, and the manganese grade in the tailings was 11.4%. The concentrate content accounted for 66% of the total dry weight of the low-acid leaching pulp. The concentrate pulp with a concentration of 30% (the mass percentage of concentrate pulp to underflow solution) was sent to a high-acid leaching tank. Sulfuric acid was added to control the acid-to-slurry ratio at 0.72:1 (the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate pulp), and high-acid leaching was carried out. The liquid-to-solid ratio was adjusted to 6:1 using anolyte, and the leaching time was 10 hours. After leaching, the Mn content in the leachate was measured. 2+ The total manganese content in the leaching residue was tested, and the result was Mn 2 + The concentration was 68.9 g / L, and the total manganese content in the leaching residue was 3.79%.

[0070] Example 6:

[0071] The only difference from Example 1 is that during low-acid leaching, rhodochrosite powder is added to the anolyte at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 8:1 (where the anolyte is 2.4 m3 and the rhodochrosite powder is 0.3 t).

[0072] Example 7:

[0073] The only difference from Example 1 is that during low-acid leaching, rhodochrosite powder is added to the anolyte at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 9:1 (where the anolyte is 2.7 m3 and the rhodochrosite powder is 0.3 t).

[0074] After verification through case studies, the optimal manganese leaching rate was achieved in high acid leaching with an acid-to-ore ratio of 0.72:1 and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 6:1, after magnetic separation, with a leaching time of 2 hours and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1. The leaching rate was 92.3%, and the manganese content in the tailings was 3.79%. In contrast, the current manganese leaching rate in chemical processing plants is around 87%, and the manganese content in the tailings is in the range of 4-5%.

[0075] This demonstrates that low-acid-high-acid leaching combined with magnetic separation can effectively improve the manganese leaching rate and reduce the manganese content in the slag, thereby enhancing the utilization rate of manganese resources in the entire leaching system.

[0076] Example 7:

[0077] like Figure 1-13 As shown, embodiments of the present invention also disclose a high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and smelting of rhodochrosite, comprising:

[0078] The base provides mounting support for the components of this device;

[0079] The receiving groove, located on the base, includes a drive mechanism, a groove wall, and an outer bottom plate. The groove wall comprises several spaced groove plates, with lateral connecting plates between adjacent groove plates. The lateral connecting plates are sealed and fixed to the groove plates. An annular bottom connecting plate is sealed and fixed between the groove wall and the outer bottom plate. Both the bottom connecting plate and the lateral connecting plate are made of flexible silicone rubber. Preferably, the bottom connecting plate and the lateral connecting plate are integrally formed. The drive mechanism includes a drive disc and drive rods and guide frames disposed on the outer wall of the groove plates. The number of drive rods and guide frames is the same as that of the groove plates; in this embodiment, there are five of each. The lower end of the guide frame is fixed to the base. The drive rod is perpendicular to the groove plate and slidably connected to the guide frame. A wedge is provided at the outer end of the drive rod, and a spring is provided between the wedge and the guide frame. The drive disc is sleeved in the receiving groove, and the drive disc has several wedge-shaped openings, with the wedges located in the wedge-shaped openings. The outer edge of the drive plate is provided with driven teeth, and a second motor is provided on the base. The output shaft of the second motor is fixed with a driving gear that meshes with the driven teeth. When the second motor rotates the drive plate in the forward direction, the spring is compressed, and the drive rod overcomes the spring resistance to drive the tank plate to retract inward. At this time, the bottom area of ​​the receiving tank decreases, and the liquid level of the acid in the receiving tank rises. When the second motor rotates the drive plate in the reverse direction, the drive rod drives the tank plate to expand outward and return to its original position under the action of the spring. At this time, the bottom area of ​​the receiving tank increases, and the liquid level of the acid in the receiving tank decreases and returns to its original position. Preferably, the guide frame is provided with an outwardly extending guide pin, and the back of the drive plate is provided with a slot that matches the guide pin. The guide pin is inserted into the slot. The guide frame can not only support the drive plate, but also facilitate the stable operation of the drive plate. The outer bottom plate is provided with a discharge port, and a discharge pipe can be provided at the discharge port. The discharge pipe extends to the bottom of the base to facilitate the discharge of acid or leachate.

[0080] A filter cylinder is used to contain rhodochrosite powder. The filter cylinder includes a cylinder cover, a cylinder wall, and an inner bottom plate arranged sequentially from top to bottom. One end of the inner bottom plate is hinged to the cylinder wall, and the other end is locked to the cylinder wall with a latch. Both the cylinder wall and the inner bottom plate are provided with sieve holes. The sieve hole size is smaller than the size of the rhodochrosite powder and also smaller than the size of the leaching residue. Specifically, in this embodiment, the rhodochrosite powder particle size is 0.45-0.75 mm, and the leaching residue size is 70-80 micrometers. Therefore, the sieve hole size is set to 60 micrometers. Since the rhodochrosite powder particle size decreases during leaching, this ensures that the acid solution can enter the filter cylinder, and the rhodochrosite powder in the filter cylinder remains inside the filter cylinder throughout the leaching process. The cylinder cover is provided with a feed inlet for conveying the rhodochrosite powder. The filter cylinder contains a first motor mounted on its cover. A drive pulley is mounted on the motor's output shaft. A stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the cover. A driven pulley, connected to the drive pulley, is located at the upper end of the stirring shaft. The first motor achieves belt drive with the stirring shaft via the drive and driven pulleys. The drive pulley is smaller than the driven pulley. The lower end of the stirring shaft extends to the bottom of the filter cylinder. The portion of the stirring shaft within the filter cylinder, from top to bottom, includes several upper stirring rods, several lower stirring rods, and several stirring blades. The upper stirring rods are evenly distributed circumferentially along the stirring shaft. Each upper stirring rod has a support rod extending from the top of the filter cylinder to the bottom, with the lower end of the support rod extending to the outside of the lower stirring rod. The support rod significantly increases the working area of ​​the upper stirring rods and also allows them to cooperate with the lower stirring rods. By eliminating dead corners, the mixing and leaching of acid and rhodochrosite powder are made more uniform, comprehensive, and efficient. The upper stirring rod, lower stirring rod, and stirring shaft are all hollow, with both ends of the stirring shaft closed. One end of the upper stirring rod is connected to the stirring shaft, and the other end of the upper stirring rod is equipped with a slugging bag. Several first liquid inlet holes are provided on the side wall of the middle of the stirring shaft, and a first liquid inlet check valve is provided at the first liquid inlet hole. The first liquid inlet check valve is designed to facilitate the entry of acid from the middle of the filter cartridge into the stirring shaft through the first liquid inlet hole in a one-way manner. The slugging bag is made of flexible silicone rubber, and several slugging cavities are provided around the circumference of the cylinder wall. The slugging cavity includes a metal groove fixed to the cylinder wall. The opening of the metal groove faces the stirring shaft and is covered with a rubber membrane. The rubber membrane is sealed and fixed to the metal groove. The rubber membrane is made of flexible silicone rubber. A second liquid inlet is located in the middle of the rubber membrane, and a second one-way valve is installed at the second liquid inlet. This second one-way valve allows acid from the middle of the filter cartridge to enter the drum chamber through the second liquid inlet in a one-way manner. A second liquid outlet is located at the lower part of the rubber membrane, and a second one-way valve is installed at the second liquid outlet. This second one-way valve allows acid to be ejected from the second liquid outlet below the rubber membrane in a one-way manner. Several first liquid outlets are located on the side wall of the lower stirring rod, and each first liquid outlet is equipped with a first one-way valve. These first one-way valves allow acid from the stirring shaft to be ejected from the first liquid outlet below the stirring shaft in a one-way manner. One end of the lower stirring rod is connected to the stirring shaft, while the other end is closed. The lower stirring rod is S-shaped, which increases its working area.The stirring blades are located within the space enclosed by several lower stirring rods, compensating for the lack of stirring dead zones in the lower stirring rods. Simultaneously, the lower stirring rods, support rods, and stirring blades complement each other, achieving a more three-dimensional and multi-dimensional stirring and mixing of rhodochrosite powder, acid, or leachate within the filter cartridge, significantly improving the leaching efficiency of the rhodochrosite powder. Furthermore, during rotation, the condenser can contact and compress the rubber membrane of the condenser chamber. As the condenser rotates with the stirring shaft, it comes into contact with and compresses the rubber membrane. The contraction of the condenser and rubber membrane increases the pressure within the stirring shaft and condenser chamber. Acid then exits from the first outlet and the second outlet, respectively. The ejection of acid from the orifice allows for direct contact and leaching of the rhodochrosite powder in the middle of the filter cylinder. It also creates turbulence, improving the mixing and leaching efficiency of the acid and rhodochrosite powder. Furthermore, it increases the stirring area of ​​the lower stirring rod. The rhodochrosite powder in the filter cylinder, sandwiched between the acid ejected from the first and second outlets, mixes and leaches better with the acid. When the condenser detaches from the rubber membrane in the condenser chamber, the condenser and rubber membrane reset under their own elasticity. At this point, the pressure in the stirring shaft and condenser chamber decreases, and the acid in the middle of the filter cylinder enters the stirring shaft and condenser chamber from the first and second inlet holes, respectively.

[0081] The lifting mechanism includes a column and a lifting hydraulic cylinder fixed on the column. The cylinder cover is equipped with a lifting lug. The free end of the push rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder can be connected to the lifting lug via a rope. The lifting hydraulic cylinder and the lifting lug can be used to lift and lower the filter cylinder, which facilitates the treatment of leaching residue after the leaching process. At the same time, during the leaching process, the filter cylinder is always suspended, so that there is always a gap between the inner bottom plate and the outer bottom plate, which greatly facilitates the contact and leaching of acid and rhodochrosite powder.

[0082] During operation, a lifting mechanism places the filter cylinder in the receiving tank, with a gap between the inner bottom plate of the filter cylinder and the outer bottom plate of the receiving tank. The lifting mechanism keeps the filter cylinder suspended in the receiving tank. Rhodochrosite powder is fed into the filter cylinder through the feed inlet, and then acid solution is injected into the receiving tank according to the ratio. The acid solution passes through the filter cylinder wall and the sieve holes of the inner bottom plate, coming into contact with the rhodochrosite powder and initiating leaching. At this time, the first motor is turned on to drive the stirring shaft to rotate. When the stirring shaft rotates, it drives the upper stirring rod, support rod, lower stirring rod, and stirring blades to move against the filter cylinder. The acid solution and rhodochrosite powder inside the filter cylinder are stirred and mixed to ensure full contact between them. Meanwhile, the bulging chamber at the end of the upper stirring rod periodically contacts and compresses the rubber membrane of the bulging chamber. This causes the acid solution entering the stirring shaft and bulging chamber from the middle of the filter cylinder to spray out from the first outlet of the lower stirring rod and the second outlet of the bulging chamber, respectively, achieving a circulation and exchange of acid solution between the middle and bottom of the filter cylinder. Simultaneously, the second motor continuously rotates forward and backward. When the second motor rotates the drive disc forward, the spring is compressed, and the drive rod overcomes... The spring resistance causes the tank plate to retract inward, reducing the bottom area of ​​the tank and raising the acid level. When the second motor rotates the drive disc in the opposite direction, the drive rod, under the action of the spring, causes the tank plate to expand outward and reset. This increases the bottom area of ​​the tank and lowers the acid level. This not only allows for the continuous change in acid level to simultaneously impact the rhodochrosite powder from all directions, but also allows the acid to carry potential energy through the filter screen above the rhodochrosite powder. The kinetic energy impacts the rhodochrosite powder like a waterfall, covering every part and angle of the powder. It also maintains the consistency of the acid concentration and manganese ion concentration. These combined effects greatly improve the leaching efficiency and effectiveness. Furthermore, since the rhodochrosite powder remains inside the filter cylinder, the difficulty of separating the leachate from the rhodochrosite slag is significantly reduced. Once the leaching process is complete, the filter cylinder can be raised to detach from the container tank. Then, the inner bottom plate of the filter cylinder can be opened to pour the rhodochrosite slag into a special slag recovery container.

[0083] Preferably, the rotational speed of the stirring shaft inside the filter cartridge is 300 r / min.

[0084] In summary, compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0085] 1. The upper stirring rod is equipped with a support rod extending from the top of the filter cylinder to the bottom of the filter cylinder. The lower end of the support rod extends to the outside of the lower stirring rod. The support rod greatly increases the working area of ​​the upper stirring rod and can also cooperate with the lower stirring rod to eliminate dead corners, making the mixing and leaching of acid and rhodochrosite powder more uniform, comprehensive and efficient. The lower stirring rod is S-shaped, which increases the working area of ​​the lower stirring rod. The stirring blades are located in the space enclosed by several lower stirring rods, which makes up for the defect of the lower stirring rod having stirring dead corners. At the same time, the lower stirring rod, the support rod and the stirring blades complement each other, realizing the stirring and mixing of rhodochrosite powder, acid or leaching solution in the filter cylinder in a more three-dimensional and multi-dimensional way, which greatly improves the leaching efficiency of rhodochrosite powder.

[0086] 2. The upper stirring rod, the lower stirring rod, and the stirring blades form a stirring relay, which makes the rhodochrosite powder at the bottom of the filter cylinder continuously circulate from the inside to the outside. It forms convection with the acid solution in the receiving tank that permeates from the outside to the inside of the filter cylinder, forming a good internal and external circulation. This achieves more three-dimensional and multi-dimensional stirring and mixing of rhodochrosite powder, acid solution, or leachate in the filter cylinder, greatly improving the leaching efficiency of rhodochrosite powder.

[0087] 3. The bulging bag at the end of the upper stirring rod comes into contact with and squeezes the rubber membrane of the bulging chamber from time to time, so that the acid entering the stirring shaft and the bulging chamber from the middle of the filter cylinder is sprayed out from the first outlet hole of the lower stirring rod and the second outlet hole of the bulging chamber, respectively. This realizes the circulation and interaction of the acid in the middle of the filter cylinder and the acid at the bottom of the filter cylinder, and realizes the stirring and mixing of rhodochrosite powder, acid or leachate in the filter cylinder, which greatly improves the leaching efficiency of rhodochrosite powder.

[0088] 4. The special structural design of the receiving tank not only enables the acid of constantly changing pressure to simultaneously impact the rhodochrosite powder from all directions through the constantly changing acid liquid level, but also allows the acid to carry potential energy and kinetic energy from the filter cylinder screen above the rhodochrosite powder, impacting the rhodochrosite powder like a waterfall, covering all positions and angles of the rhodochrosite powder. Moreover, it can maintain the consistency of the acid concentration and manganese ion concentration. These effects combined greatly improve the leaching efficiency and effect.

[0089] 5. As the bottom area of ​​the receiving tank changes continuously, the liquid levels in the receiving tank and the filter cylinder also change continuously, and the pressure in the receiving tank and the filter cylinder also changes continuously. This facilitates the acid solution to continuously impact the rhodochrosite powder through the sieve holes at the bottom plate. Moreover, there is a certain communicating vessel effect between the inner cavity of the filter cylinder and the inner cavity of the receiving tank, which further enhances the stirring and mixing effect of the rhodochrosite powder, acid solution or leachate in the filter cylinder, and greatly improves the leaching efficiency of the rhodochrosite powder.

[0090] 6. The special structure of the filter cartridge ensures that the rhodochrosite powder remains inside the filter cartridge, which greatly reduces the difficulty of separating the leachate from the rhodochrosite slag.

[0091] It should be noted that the leaching device of the present invention is mainly used in the low-acid leaching stage of the aforementioned leaching process.

[0092] Although the methods described above are illustrated and depicted as a series of actions for the sake of simplicity, it should be understood and appreciated that these methods are not limited by the order of the actions, as some actions may occur in a different order and / or concurrently with other actions from the illustrations and descriptions herein or not illustrated and described herein but which may be understood by those skilled in the art, according to one or more embodiments.

[0093] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and smelting of rhodochrosite, characterized in that, The device includes a base, a receiving groove, a drive mechanism, a groove wall, and an outer bottom plate. The groove wall includes several spaced groove plates, and a flexible lateral connecting plate is provided between adjacent groove plates. The lateral connecting plate is sealed and fixed to the groove plate. A flexible bottom connecting plate is sealed and fixed between the groove wall and the outer bottom plate. The outer bottom plate is provided with a discharge port, and a discharge pipe extending to the bottom of the base can be provided at the discharge port. The drive mechanism can drive the groove wall to retract inward or reset. The filter cylinder includes a cylinder cover, a cylinder wall, and an inner bottom plate that can be opened and closed, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Both the cylinder wall and the inner bottom plate are provided with screen holes, the size of which is smaller than the size of the leaching residue. The cylinder cover is provided with a feed inlet. A stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the center of the cylinder cover. The cylinder cover is provided with a first motor that drives the stirring shaft. The lower end of the stirring shaft extends into the bottom of the filter cylinder. The lifting mechanism can raise and lower the filter cylinder, suspending it in the receiving tank. The section of the filter cylinder with the stirring shaft has, from top to bottom, several upper stirring rods, several lower stirring rods, and several stirring blades. The upper stirring rods are evenly distributed around the circumference of the stirring shaft. Each upper stirring rod has a support rod extending from the top of the filter cylinder to the bottom, with the lower end of the support rod extending to the outside of the lower stirring rod. The upper stirring rods, lower stirring rods, and stirring shaft are all hollow. The stirring shaft is closed at both ends, while one end of each upper stirring rod is connected to the stirring shaft, and the other end of each upper stirring rod has a liquid bulge. The middle side wall of the stirring shaft has several first liquid inlet holes, each equipped with a first one-way liquid inlet valve. The valve design allows the acid in the middle of the filter cylinder to enter the stirring shaft through the first inlet hole in a one-way manner. The bulging chamber is flexible, and the cylinder wall has several bulging cavities around its circumference. Each bulging cavity includes a metal groove fixed to the cylinder wall. The opening of the metal groove faces the stirring shaft and is covered with a rubber membrane. The rubber membrane is sealed and fixed to the metal groove. A second inlet hole is provided in the middle of the rubber membrane, and a second inlet check valve is provided at the second inlet hole. A second outlet hole is provided at the lower part of the rubber membrane, and a second outlet check valve is provided at the second outlet hole. Several first outlet holes are provided on the side wall of the lower stirring rod, and a first outlet check valve is provided in each of the first outlet holes. One end of the lower stirring rod is connected to the stirring shaft, and the other end of the lower stirring rod is closed.

2. The high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and smelting of rhodochrosite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a drive disc and drive rods and guide frames disposed on the outer wall of the slot plate. The number of drive rods and guide frames is the same as that of the slot plate. The lower end of the guide frame is fixed on the base. The drive rod is perpendicular to the slot plate and slidably connected to the guide frame. A wedge is provided at the outer end of the drive rod. A spring is provided between the wedge and the guide frame. The drive disc is sleeved in the receiving slot. Several wedge-shaped openings are provided inside the drive disc. The wedge is located in the wedge-shaped openings. A driven tooth is provided on the outer edge of the drive disc. A second motor is provided on the base. A drive gear that meshes with the driven tooth is fixed on the output shaft of the second motor.

3. The high-efficiency leaching device for combined beneficiation and smelting of rhodochrosite according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes a column and a lifting hydraulic cylinder fixed on the column. The cylinder cover is provided with a lifting lug, and the free end of the push rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the lifting lug via a rope.

4. A high-efficiency leaching process combining beneficiation and metallurgy of rhodochrosite, characterized in that, The process includes step 1, low-acid leaching: adding rhodochrosite powder to a low-acid anolyte for stirring and leaching. The concentration of manganese ions in the anolyte is 12-16 g / L, and the concentration of sulfuric acid in the anolyte is 42-46 g / L. Each ton of rhodochrosite powder corresponds to 8-10 cubic meters of low-acid anolyte. After leaching, a neutralizing agent is added to control the final pH value at 6.0-6.5, and the leaching slurry is concentrated using a thickener to separate the supernatant and concentrated slurry. In this step, the stirring leaching is carried out using the rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting combined high-efficiency leaching device as described in any one of claims 1-3. Step 2, High Acid Leaching: The concentrated slurry is separated into concentrate slurry and tailings using an electromagnetic slurry separator. The tailings are pre-discarded, and sulfuric acid solution is added to the remaining concentrate slurry for high acid leaching. The liquid-solid ratio and acid amount are adjusted using anolyte. The initial sulfuric acid concentration is 80-100 g / L. After the reaction, the pH value is controlled at 6.2-7.0 by adding a neutralizing agent. The leachate and leaching residue are separated by a filter press. The leachate is mixed with the supernatant obtained in Step 1, and the leaching residue is sent to the residue storage tank.

5. The combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 1, the stirring speed is 300 r / min.

6. The combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each ton of rhodochrosite powder corresponds to 10 cubic meters of low-acid anolyte.

7. A combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, In step 1, the leaching temperature is set to 40℃ and the leaching time is 1.5 to 2.5 hours.

8. The combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step 2, the mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution to concentrate in step 2 is controlled to be 0.68:1 to 0.74:1, the liquid-solid ratio of solution to concentrate is 5:1 to 7:1, and the leaching time is 8 to 10 hours.

9. A combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting according to any one of claims 4-6 or 8, characterized in that, In step 2, the Mn2+ concentration in the leachate is 62-70 g / L, and the manganese content in the leaching residue is ≤4%.

10. A combined high-efficiency leaching process for rhodochrosite beneficiation and smelting according to any one of claims 4-6 or 8, characterized in that, In step 2, the manganese content in the dry weight of the concentrate slurry is ≥25%, and the concentrate slurry accounts for 25-40% of the mass of the underflow solution.

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