Distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control method and system. The distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control method comprises the steps that the current total dust deposition amount of each photovoltaic panel in a photovoltaic field is obtained in real time; if the current dust deposition total amount of the photovoltaic panels reaches the current cleaning threshold value, the photovoltaic field corresponding to the photovoltaic panels reaching the current cleaning threshold value is determined as a target cleaning field; performing queue design on the target cleaning field; according to the current cleaning waiting duration corresponding to the target cleaning field, the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning is obtained; and according to the meteorological real-time data in the current cleaning process and the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, a target water spraying flushing cleaning mode is determined, and the photovoltaic panel is flushed according to the target water spraying flushing cleaning mode. According to the distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control method and system, automatic water spraying cleaning control is achieved based on the current total dust deposition amount and meteorological data, and unattended, automatic and efficient self-cleaning control of a photovoltaic station is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power station cleaning technology, and in particular to a self-cleaning control method and system for distributed photovoltaic panels. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the increasing number of photovoltaic power stations being built, solar photovoltaic panels in these stations are prone to dust accumulation, leading to reduced power generation efficiency. At present, photovoltaic panel cleaning mainly relies on three methods: manual cleaning, rainwater cleaning, and mechanical roller brushes. It is impossible to automatically control cleaning based on a water spray system, resulting in low cleaning efficiency for photovoltaic panels.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a self-cleaning control method and system for distributed photovoltaic panels to solve or at least alleviate the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a self-cleaning control method and system for distributed photovoltaic panels, which aims to solve the technical problems of low cleaning efficiency and poor real-time cleaning performance of photovoltaic panels in existing photovoltaic stations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S10, real-time acquisition of the current total amount of dust deposition for each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic field. If the photovoltaic panel is washed by rainwater, the current total amount of dust deposition for the photovoltaic panel is updated. If the photovoltaic panel is not washed by rainwater, the current total amount of dust deposition is calculated based on the real-time dynamic dust deposition amount corresponding to each preset time step.

[0007] S20, determine whether the current total amount of dust deposited on the photovoltaic panel has reached the current cleaning threshold;

[0008] S31, If ​​the current total amount of dust deposited on the photovoltaic panel reaches the current cleaning threshold, then the photovoltaic field corresponding to the photovoltaic panel that has reached the current cleaning threshold is determined as the target cleaning field.

[0009] S32, If the current total amount of dust deposited on the photovoltaic panel has not reached the current cleaning threshold, proceed to step S10.

[0010] S40, design the queue for the target cleaning field, and determine the current cleaning waiting time for each target cleaning field based on the preset single cleaning time and the queue of the target cleaning field;

[0011] S50: Obtain the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning based on the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning site. If the photovoltaic field is washed by rainwater within the current cleaning waiting time, proceed to step S10; if the photovoltaic field is not washed by rainwater within the current cleaning waiting time, obtain the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning based on the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning site, and proceed to step S60.

[0012] S60, determine the target water spray cleaning method based on the real-time meteorological data during the cleaning process and the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, and wash the photovoltaic panel according to the target water spray cleaning method. After the water spray cleaning is completed, update the current total dust deposition amount and proceed to step S10. The target water spray cleaning method includes a first water spray cleaning method and a second water spray cleaning method.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S10,

[0014] If the photovoltaic panels are not washed by rainwater

[0015] Using formula Calculate and obtain the value of each photovoltaic panel i in each photovoltaic field i. g Real-time dynamic dust deposition

[0016] in, For photovoltaic panels i g Real-time detection of dust concentration, To achieve the gravitational settling velocity of the photovoltaic field i obtained through calibration, This is the wind-induced transport correction factor for photovoltaic field i, obtained through wind tunnel testing. For the real-time measured wind speed of photovoltaic field i, f(θ) i )=cosθ i f(θ) i ) = is the tilt angle correction function, θ i Let α be the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic panel i, α be the moisture absorption growth coefficient obtained by fitting humidity-dust adhesion experimental data, β be the precipitation inhibition coefficient determined by regression analysis of historical precipitation washing efficiency, and R be the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic panel i. p β×R represents the probability of precipitation for the next six hours based on forecast data obtained from weather stations. p Used to determine precipitation inhibition factors;

[0017] Using formula Calculate the duration T′ of the photovoltaic panel i g The current total amount of dust deposited, t is the preset time step, t∈T′, η turb To use photovoltaic panels g Turbulent loss rate obtained from surface dust shedding experiments.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S10,

[0019] If the photovoltaic panels are washed by rainwater, a cleaning correction factor is determined based on the rainfall environment. The current total dust deposition is then updated based on the product of the current total dust deposition before the rainfall and the cleaning correction factor.

[0020] Furthermore, the formula is used.

[0021] The current cleaning threshold is dynamically generated, where G is the current irradiance, T is the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel, and Rp is the probability of precipitation in the next 6 hours.

[0022] Furthermore, during queue design in step S40:

[0023] Obtain the current power generation loss of the target cleaning site under the current power generation scenario. The current power generation loss is the difference between the theoretical power generation and the actual power generation under the current power generation scenario.

[0024] Obtain the current average dust concentration corresponding to the target cleaning site;

[0025] The current power generation loss and current average dust concentration corresponding to the target cleaning site in the queue are normalized respectively.

[0026] The current power generation loss and average dust concentration after normalization are weighted and fused based on the power generation loss weighting coefficient α1 and the dust concentration influence coefficient α2 to obtain the queuing integral, where α1+α2=1;

[0027] The queues for the target cleaning site are sorted according to their queuing scores.

[0028] in,

[0029] Using formula

[0030] Dynamically generate the power generation loss weighting coefficient α1.

[0031] Furthermore, if the queue integrals of the two target cleaning sites are the same, the target cleaning site with the larger water conveyance distance is determined to be located in front of the queue of the target cleaning site with the smaller water conveyance distance.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S60, the formula is used. Calculate the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, where T” is the total time duration before cleaning.

[0033] Furthermore, if the predicted dust deposition amount M before cleaning... i T″ crit ≥12g / m 2And the current light intensity is >800W / m 2 If the current temperature is >25℃, the first water spray cleaning method is used, which is a continuous spray method; otherwise, the second water spray cleaning method is used, which is a pulse spray method.

[0034] After water rinsing is completed, the current total dust deposition value is updated to [0, 1.5 g / m³]. 2 Any value in ].

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes the following steps:

[0036] The cleaning frequency of the photovoltaic (PV) field is obtained, and the top N PV fields with the highest cleaning frequencies are calibrated and checked. This invention also provides a distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control system, including...

[0037] The water supply unit and the spray cleaning unit are arranged one-to-one with the photovoltaic field of the photovoltaic station. Multiple spray cleaning units are arranged in connection with the water supply unit. The spray cleaning unit includes a spray pipe, and the spray pipe is equipped with spray cleaning ports that correspond one-to-one with the photovoltaic panels on the photovoltaic field.

[0038] Dust concentration sensors are arranged one-to-one with photovoltaic panels. The dust concentration sensors are used to obtain the real-time ambient dust concentration above the corresponding photovoltaic panel.

[0039] The processing control unit is used to implement the steps of the above-described self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] This invention provides a self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic (PV) panels. It acquires the current total dust deposition on each PV panel in real time, considering rainwater washing. Then, it determines whether the current total dust deposition reaches a cleaning threshold, identifying the PV field corresponding to this threshold as the target cleaning field. All target cleaning fields in the PV station are queued. The predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning is calculated. If rainwater washing occurs, the historical cumulative dust deposition amount of all PV panels in the queue is updated. If no rainwater washing occurs within the current cleaning waiting time, the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning is obtained based on the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning field. Finally, based on real-time meteorological data and the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, the target water spray cleaning method is determined, and the PV field is cleaned. The method of this invention, when applied to the cleaning of photovoltaic fields in photovoltaic stations, can monitor the current total amount of dust deposited on photovoltaic panels online, and realize automatic water spraying cleaning control based on the current total amount of dust deposited and meteorological data. This achieves unattended, automated, and highly efficient self-cleaning control of photovoltaic stations, solving the technical problems of low cleaning efficiency and poor real-time cleaning performance of photovoltaic panels in existing photovoltaic stations. Attached Figure Description

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution layout of photovoltaic stations in existing technologies;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0047] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0050] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0051] Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 The solution of this invention is mainly used in photovoltaic stations with a wide distribution of photovoltaic panels. Due to the wide distribution of photovoltaic panels, there are inconsistent environments in the photovoltaic field (such as dust environment, photovoltaic panel interference and shading environment, etc.). Therefore, in order to save water and carry out reasonable cleaning and maintenance of photovoltaic stations, the distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control method and system of this invention are designed.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 2 This invention provides a distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control system, including a water supply unit and spray cleaning units 20 arranged one-to-one with the photovoltaic field 10 in the photovoltaic station. Multiple spray cleaning units 20 are interconnected with the water supply unit. Each spray cleaning unit 20 includes a spray pipe with spray cleaning ports arranged one-to-one with the photovoltaic panels on the photovoltaic field 10; a dust concentration sensor, arranged one-to-one with the photovoltaic panels, used to acquire the real-time environmental dust concentration above the corresponding photovoltaic panel; and a processing control unit, used to implement the steps of the distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control method described below.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 3 This invention provides a self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S10, Real-time acquisition of each photovoltaic panel i in photovoltaic field i g The current total amount of dust deposited, of which, if photovoltaic panel i g If rainwater washing occurs, update the current total dust deposition. If photovoltaic panel i g If no rainwater washing occurs, the current total dust deposition is calculated based on the real-time dynamic dust deposition amount corresponding to each preset time step.

[0055] S20, determine the photovoltaic panel i g Does the current total amount of dust deposited reach the current cleaning threshold?

[0056] S31, if photovoltaic panel i g If the current total amount of dust deposited reaches the current cleaning threshold, then the photovoltaic panel i is determined to be... g The corresponding photovoltaic field i is the target cleaning field j;

[0057] S32, if photovoltaic panel i g If the current total amount of dust deposited has not reached the current cleaning threshold, proceed to step S10;

[0058] S40, Design a queue for the target cleaning field j, and determine the current cleaning waiting time for each target cleaning field j based on the preset single cleaning time and the queuing queue of the target cleaning field;

[0059] S50: Obtain the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning based on the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning site j. If rainwater washing occurs in photovoltaic site i during the current cleaning waiting time, update the photovoltaic panel i in photovoltaic site i based on the cleaning correction coefficient. g The historical cumulative dust deposition amount is calculated and proceeds to step S10; if no rainwater washes off the photovoltaic field i within the current cleaning waiting time, the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning is obtained according to the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning field j, and proceeds to step S60.

[0060] S60, determine the target water spray cleaning method based on the real-time meteorological data during the current cleaning and the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, and wash the photovoltaic panel according to the target water spray cleaning method. After the water spray cleaning is completed, update the historical cumulative dust deposition amount and proceed to step S10. The target water spray cleaning method includes a first water spray cleaning method and a second water spray cleaning method.

[0061] This invention provides a self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic (PV) panels. It acquires the current total dust deposition on each PV panel in real time, considering rainwater washing. Then, it determines whether the current total dust deposition reaches a cleaning threshold, identifying the PV field corresponding to this threshold as the target cleaning field. All target cleaning fields in the PV station are queued. The predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning is calculated. If rainwater washing occurs, the historical cumulative dust deposition amount of all PV panels in the queue is updated. If no rainwater washing occurs within the current cleaning waiting time, the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning is obtained based on the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning field. Finally, based on real-time meteorological data and the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, the target water spray cleaning method is determined, and the PV field is cleaned. The method of this invention, when applied to the cleaning of photovoltaic fields in photovoltaic stations, can monitor the current total amount of dust deposited on photovoltaic panels online, and realize automatic water spray cleaning control based on the current total amount of dust deposited and meteorological data. This achieves unattended, automated, and highly efficient self-cleaning control, solving the technical problems of low cleaning efficiency and poor real-time cleaning performance of photovoltaic panels in existing photovoltaic stations.

[0062] Furthermore, in step S10,

[0063] If photovoltaic panel i g No rainwater washing occurred.

[0064] Using formula Calculate and obtain the value of each photovoltaic panel i in each photovoltaic field i. g Real-time dynamic dust deposition

[0065] in, For photovoltaic panels i g Real-time detection of dust concentration, To achieve the gravitational settling velocity of the photovoltaic field i obtained through calibration, This is the wind-induced transport correction factor for photovoltaic field i, obtained through wind tunnel testing. For the real-time measured wind speed of photovoltaic field i, f(θ) i )=cosθ i f(θ) i ) = is the tilt angle correction function, θ i Let α be the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic panel i, α be the moisture absorption growth coefficient obtained by fitting humidity-dust adhesion experimental data, β be the precipitation inhibition coefficient determined by regression analysis of historical precipitation washing efficiency, and R be the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic panel i. p β×R represents the probability of precipitation for the next six hours based on forecast data obtained from weather stations. p Used to determine precipitation inhibition factors;

[0066] Using formula Calculate the duration T′ of the photovoltaic panel i g The current total amount of dust deposited, t is the preset time step, t∈T′, η turb To use photovoltaic panels g Turbulent loss rate obtained from surface dust shedding experiments.

[0067] In the solution of this invention, after obtaining the real-time dust concentration of each photovoltaic panel based on the dust concentration sensor, the current total amount of dust deposition is calculated and predicted by considering factors such as wind speed, tilt angle, humidity, probability of precipitation in the next six hours, and turbulence loss.

[0068] Understandably, the preset time step can be every minute, every thirty minutes, or even every hour, every two hours, every day, or every week. In the solution of this invention, the preset time step is used as a continuous time variable to continuously acquire the time of each photovoltaic panel i. g The current total amount of dust deposition at the current time T′ is obtained. If effective rainwater flushing occurs during the process of obtaining the current total amount of dust deposition, the current total amount of dust deposition is updated and a new cleaning time window is entered (i.e., after rainwater flushing, step S10 is entered).

[0069] Understandably, in step S50, if effective rainfall is detected during the queue waiting stage of the target cleaning field in the queue design, step S10 is entered and the current total amount of dust deposition is updated, and the queue is re-entered until the current cleaning threshold is reached, so as to avoid ineffective water spraying cleaning after rain.

[0070] Further, in step S10, if the photovoltaic panel is washed by rainwater, a cleaning correction coefficient is determined based on the rainfall environment, and the current total dust deposition is updated based on the product of the current total dust deposition before rainfall and the cleaning correction coefficient. Understandably, the cleaning ability of rainwater washing is less than that of targeted spray cleaning; therefore, a cleaning correction coefficient can be set to adapt to the initial total dust deposition after rainwater washing. Specifically, the cleaning correction coefficient is determined based on the rainfall per unit time, the duration of rainfall, and the turbidity of the rainwater. In this invention, the smaller the cleaning correction coefficient, the stronger the cleanliness of the rainwater washing, and the less the current total dust deposition after the rain. Optionally, the cleaning correction coefficient can range from 0.15 to 0.8. Optionally, in this invention, the rainfall per unit time, the duration of rainfall, and the probability of precipitation in the next 6 hours are determined based on weather forecast data or real-time weather data, and the current turbidity of the rainwater after rainwater washing is determined based on the correlation between the rainfall season and the turbidity of the rainwater.

[0071] Furthermore, using the formula

[0072] The current cleaning threshold is dynamically generated, where G is the current irradiance, T is the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel, and Rp is the probability of precipitation in the next 6 hours. In this invention, the current cleaning threshold is dynamically generated by comprehensively considering the current irradiance, current surface temperature, and precipitation probability. Cleaning is triggered in advance under high irradiance and a 6-hour rainless window to maximize power generation benefits, while cleaning is delayed under low irradiance or high precipitation probability to avoid ineffective operations and conserve water resources.

[0073] Furthermore, during queue design in step S40:

[0074] Obtain the current power generation loss of the target cleaning field j under the current power generation scenario. The current power generation loss is the difference between the theoretical power generation and the actual power generation under the current power generation scenario.

[0075] Obtain the current average dust concentration corresponding to the target cleaning site j;

[0076] The current power generation loss and the current average dust concentration corresponding to the target cleaning field j in the queue are normalized respectively.

[0077] The current power generation loss and average dust concentration after normalization are weighted and fused based on the power generation loss weighting coefficient α1 and the dust concentration influence coefficient α2 to obtain the queuing integral, where α1+α2=1;

[0078] The queues for the target cleaning site are sorted according to their queuing scores.

[0079] in,

[0080] Using formula

[0081] Dynamically generate the power generation loss weighting coefficient α1.

[0082] Understandably, in the solution of this invention, a dynamically generated power generation loss weighting coefficient and a dust concentration weighting coefficient are introduced for weighted fusion to obtain a queuing integral, thereby achieving real-time photovoltaic panel cleaning based on multiple influencing factors. Understandably, the current power generation loss is not only related to the amount of dust deposition, but also to factors such as leaf shading and bird droppings shading. If cleaning is triggered solely by considering the current average dust concentration, it is not conducive to the management of power generation energy. If only the current power generation loss is considered, it is easy for a certain photovoltaic panel to have excessive dust accumulation, making it difficult to clean it thoroughly by water washing.

[0083] Optionally, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power generation loss weighting coefficient α1 is preset to 0.7 and the dust concentration influence coefficient α2 is preset to 0.3.

[0084] Furthermore, if the queue integrals of the two target cleaning sites are the same, the target cleaning site with the larger water conveyance distance is located ahead of the target cleaning site with the smaller water conveyance distance in the queue. The target cleaning site with the smaller water conveyance distance is cleaned first, and the target cleaning site with the larger cleaning distance is cleaned after further dust deposition. This helps to further reduce cleaning energy consumption.

[0085] Furthermore, in step S60, the formula is used. The predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning is calculated, where T” is the total time taken before cleaning. Understandably, in this invention, T” = T 沉积 +δt,T 沉积 T represents the total time elapsed before the photovoltaic panels enter the queue, δt represents the current cleaning waiting time, and T represents the total time elapsed before the panels enter the queue. 沉积 δt is an integer multiple of the preset time step t.

[0086] Furthermore, if the predicted dust deposition amount M before cleaning... i T″ crit ≥12g / m 2 And the current light intensity is >800W / m 2 If the current temperature is >25℃, the first water spray cleaning method is used, which is a continuous spray method; otherwise, the second water spray cleaning method is used, which is a pulse spray method; after the water spray rinsing is completed, the current dust deposition total value is updated to [0, 1.5g / m³]. 2 Any value in ] . The solution of this invention, during cleaning, realizes automatic switching of cleaning mode based on the predicted dust deposition amount, light intensity, and temperature before cleaning, achieving adaptive cleaning of photovoltaic panels while saving water.

[0087] Furthermore, the cleaning frequency of the photovoltaic fields is obtained, and the top N photovoltaic fields with the highest cleaning frequencies are calibrated and checked. Understandably, if the cleaning frequency of photovoltaic field i is too high, manual intervention is performed to inspect the corresponding photovoltaic panels. Preferably, N is set to 5.

[0088] The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels of the present invention adopts processes such as continuous real-time monitoring, dust prediction (if rainwater washes away dust, the current total amount of dust deposits is recalculated; if jet washing occurs, the current total amount of dust deposits is recalculated), threshold judgment, queue sorting, cleaning mode matching, and closed-loop updating.

[0089] Although the steps are described in the claims and specification using S-numbers such as S10, S20, S30, etc., those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly stated, these numbers are for ease of description only and do not constitute a mandatory limitation on the order of execution of the steps. In some embodiments, some steps may be performed in parallel, in a different order, or omitted without departing from the core technical solution of the present invention, as long as the technical effects of the present invention can be achieved.

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S10, real-time acquisition of the current total dust deposition of each photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic field, wherein if the photovoltaic panel is washed by rainwater, the current total dust deposition of the photovoltaic panel is updated; if the photovoltaic panel is not washed by rainwater, the current total dust deposition is calculated based on the real-time dynamic dust deposition amount corresponding to each preset time step. S20, determine whether the current total amount of dust deposited on the photovoltaic panel has reached the current cleaning threshold; S31, if the current total amount of dust deposited on the photovoltaic panel reaches the current cleaning threshold, then the photovoltaic field corresponding to the photovoltaic panel is determined as the target cleaning field; S32, If the current total amount of dust deposited on the photovoltaic panel does not reach the current cleaning threshold, proceed to step S10; S40, design a queue for the target cleaning field, and determine the current cleaning waiting time for each target cleaning field according to the preset single cleaning time and the queuing queue of the target cleaning field; S50: Obtain the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning based on the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning site. If the photovoltaic field is washed by rainwater within the current cleaning waiting time, proceed to step S10; if the photovoltaic field is not washed by rainwater within the current cleaning waiting time, obtain the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning based on the current cleaning waiting time corresponding to the target cleaning site, and proceed to step S60. S60, determine the target water spray cleaning method based on the real-time meteorological data during the current cleaning and the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, and wash the photovoltaic panel according to the target water spray cleaning method. After the water spray cleaning is completed, update the current total dust deposition amount and proceed to step S10. The target water spray cleaning method includes a first water spray cleaning method and a second water spray cleaning method.

2. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S10, If the photovoltaic panels are not washed by rainwater. Using formula Calculate and obtain the value of each photovoltaic panel i in each photovoltaic field i. g Real-time dynamic dust deposition in, For photovoltaic panels i g Real-time detection of dust concentration, To achieve the gravitational settling velocity of the photovoltaic field i obtained through calibration, This is the wind-induced transport correction factor for photovoltaic field i, obtained through wind tunnel testing. For the real-time measured wind speed of photovoltaic field i, f(θ) i )=cosθ i f(θ) i ) = is the tilt angle correction function, θ i Let α be the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic panel i, α be the moisture absorption growth coefficient obtained by fitting humidity-dust adhesion experimental data, β be the precipitation inhibition coefficient determined by regression analysis of historical precipitation washing efficiency, and R be the installation tilt angle of photovoltaic panel i. p β×R represents the probability of precipitation for the next six hours based on forecast data obtained from weather stations. p Used to determine precipitation inhibition factors; Using formula Calculate the duration T′ of the photovoltaic panel i g The current total amount of dust deposited, t is the preset time step, t∈T′, η turb To use photovoltaic panels g Turbulent loss rate obtained from surface dust shedding experiments.

3. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S10, If the photovoltaic panel is washed by rainwater, a cleaning correction coefficient is determined based on the rainfall environment, and the current total dust deposition is updated based on the product of the current total dust deposition before the rainfall and the cleaning correction coefficient.

4. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Use formulas The current cleaning threshold is dynamically generated, where G is the current irradiance, T is the current surface temperature of the photovoltaic panel, and Rp is the probability of precipitation in the next 6 hours.

5. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, When designing the queue in step S40: Obtain the current power generation loss of the target cleaning site under the current power generation scenario, where the current power generation loss is the difference between the theoretical power generation and the actual power generation under the current power generation scenario; Obtain the current average dust concentration corresponding to the target cleaning area; The current power generation loss and the current average dust concentration corresponding to the target cleaning site in the queue are normalized respectively. The current power generation loss and average dust concentration after normalization are weighted and fused based on the power generation loss weighting coefficient α1 and the dust concentration influence coefficient α2 to obtain the queuing integral, where α1+α2=1; The queues for the target cleaning site are obtained by sorting the queues according to their queuing integrals; wherein, Using formula The power generation loss weighting coefficient α1 is dynamically generated.

6. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to claim 5, characterized in that, If the queue integrals of the two target cleaning sites are the same, the target cleaning site with the larger water conveyance distance is determined to be located in front of the queue of the target cleaning site with the smaller water conveyance distance.

7. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In step S60, the formula is used. Calculate the predicted dust deposition amount before cleaning, where T” is the total time duration before cleaning.

8. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to claim 7, characterized in that, If the predicted dust deposition amount M before cleaning i T " crit ≥12g / m 2 And the current light intensity is >800W / m 2 When the current temperature is >25℃, the first water spray cleaning method is adopted, which is a continuous spray method; otherwise, the second water spray cleaning method is adopted, which is a pulse spray method. After the water rinsing is completed, the current total dust deposition value is updated to [0, 1.5 g / m³]. 2 Any value in ].

9. The self-cleaning control method for distributed photovoltaic panels according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: The cleaning frequency of the photovoltaic field is obtained, and the top N photovoltaic fields with the highest cleaning frequency are calibrated and checked.

10. A self-cleaning control system for distributed photovoltaic panels, characterized in that, include The system includes a water supply unit and a spray cleaning unit arranged one-to-one with the photovoltaic field of the photovoltaic station. Multiple spray cleaning units are arranged in interconnection with the water supply unit. Each spray cleaning unit includes a spray pipe with spray cleaning ports arranged one-to-one with the photovoltaic panels on the photovoltaic field. A dust concentration sensor is provided, which is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the photovoltaic panel. The dust concentration sensor is used to obtain the real-time ambient dust concentration above the corresponding photovoltaic panel. A processing control unit, the processing control unit being used to implement the steps of the distributed photovoltaic panel self-cleaning control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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