Building block

Abstract

The invention discloses a building block for a fabricated house. The building block comprises a first composite structure supporting layer and a second composite structure supporting layer, a second composite structure support layer; the heat insulation layer is clamped between the first composite structure supporting layer and the second composite structure supporting layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to a building block. Some embodiments relate to a building block used as a component of prefabricated housing. Background Technology

[0002] Building blocks can be used to build houses. Building blocks can be made of concrete alone. Summary of the Invention

[0003] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: an insulation layer; a composite structural support layer adjacent to the insulation layer; a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface includes at least one protrusion and the bottom surface includes at least one recess, or the top surface includes at least one recess and the bottom surface includes at least one protrusion; and a first side surface and a second side surface, the second side surface being spaced apart from the first side surface along the depth dimension of the building block, wherein the first side surface includes at least one protrusion and the second side surface includes at least one recess, or the first side surface includes at least one recess and the second side surface includes at least one protrusion, wherein the protrusions and recesses of the first side surface and the second side surface are configured to connect with corresponding protrusions or recesses of another building block, thereby restricting relative movement of the building block and the other building block along the depth dimension of the building block.

[0004] The at least one protrusion or the at least one recess on the first side may include an abutment surface configured to abut against the abutment surface of the at least one protrusion or the at least one recess on the second side, thereby restricting relative movement of the building block and the other building block along the depth dimension.

[0005] At least a portion of the abutting surface of at least one protrusion or at least one recess of the first side can extend from the first side in a direction substantially orthogonal to the depth dimension.

[0006] The top surface may include blind holes configured to accommodate a leveler.

[0007] The top surface and the bottom surface can be separated along the width dimension of the building block; and the range of the blind hole in the depth dimension can be greater than the range of the blind hole in the width dimension.

[0008] The building block may include a second composite structural support layer, wherein the heat insulation layer is sandwiched between the composite structural support layer and the second composite structural support layer.

[0009] The composite structural support layer may include aggregate materials. The composite structural support layer may include concrete.

[0010] The thermal conductivity of the insulation layer can be less than 1 W / mK. The insulation layer may include fiber-reinforced plastic.

[0011] The building blocks may include connectors extending from the composite structural support layer, through the insulation layer, to the second composite structural support layer. The connectors may be configured to support structural loads greater than those of the insulation layer.

[0012] The thickness of the heat insulation layer can be greater than the thickness of each of the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer. The thickness of the heat insulation layer can be in the range of 100mm to 200mm, and the thickness of each of the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer can be in the range of 30mm to 100mm.

[0013] The composite support layer may include a first surface, a second surface, a third surface, and at least one channel, the channel being defined in the first surface and extending from the second surface to the third surface, and arranged to support a pipe in the first surface. The pipe may be a household pipe.

[0014] The channel extending from the second surface to the third surface can be elongated in the first dimension.

[0015] The building block may include another channel defined in the first face, the other channel intersecting with the first channel.

[0016] The channel may include a plurality of discrete support surfaces arranged along the first dimension, the plurality of discrete support surfaces being arranged to support the pipe.

[0017] The additional channel can intersect the channel at least by extending between at least two of the discrete support surfaces arranged along the first dimension.

[0018] The building block may include a fourth face and a fifth face, wherein the additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face.

[0019] The additional channel can extend from the fourth surface to the fifth surface in a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension.

[0020] The other channel can be elongated in the second dimension.

[0021] The channel and the other channel can define an intersection that allows a pipe to be laid in the channel and the other channel.

[0022] The building block may include a plurality of channels defined in the first face, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support a plurality of pipes in the first face and are arranged in a grid pattern.

[0023] The top surface may be at least partially defined by the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer, and the top surface may include a plurality of protrusions and recesses, wherein at least one protrusion or recess is defined by the first composite structure support layer, and at least one protrusion or recess may be defined by the second composite structure support layer.

[0024] The building block may be substantially cubic in shape and may include length, width and thickness, wherein the length and width are greater than the thickness.

[0025] The length can be in the range of 200mm to 1500mm, and the width can be in the range of 200mm to 1000mm.

[0026] The building block may include: a leg extending from the bottom surface and configured to contact a planar base surface, wherein when the leg contacts the planar base surface, a cavity is defined by the leg, the bottom surface, and the planar base surface; and a through hole extending from the top surface through the bottom surface to the cavity, thereby allowing leveling material to be injected into the cavity from the top surface.

[0027] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a prefabricated house is provided, comprising a plurality of building blocks as described in any of the preceding paragraphs.

[0028] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: an insulation layer; and a composite structural support layer adjacent to the insulation layer, the composite structural support layer comprising a face and a plurality of channels defined in the face, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support at least one pipe in the face and are arranged in a grid pattern.

[0029] The pipes may include household pipes. The household pipes may include plumbing pipes. The diameter of the household pipes may be greater than 10 mm.

[0030] The building block may include a second surface separated from the surface along the depth dimension of the building block, wherein the insulation layer is adjacent to the second surface.

[0031] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: an insulation layer; a composite structural support layer; a top surface and a bottom surface, each of which is at least partially defined by the insulation layer and the composite structural support layer; a leg extending from the bottom surface and configured to contact a planar base surface, wherein when the leg contacts the planar base surface, a cavity is defined by the leg, the bottom surface, and the planar base surface; and a through-hole extending from the top surface through the bottom surface to the cavity, thereby allowing leveling material to be injected into the cavity from the top surface.

[0032] The support leg can be closer to the periphery of the bottom surface than the through hole.

[0033] The building block may include another leg extending from the bottom surface, wherein when the leg and the other leg contact the planar base surface, the leg and the other leg define a closed channel.

[0034] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: a first face, a second face, and a third face, the first face being at least partially formed of aggregate material; and at least one channel defined in the first face and extending from the second face to the third face, arranged to support a pipe in the first face.

[0035] The channel extending from the second surface to the third surface can be elongated in the first dimension.

[0036] The building block may include another channel defined in the first face, the other channel intersecting with the first channel.

[0037] The channel may include a plurality of discrete support surfaces arranged along a first dimension, the plurality of discrete support surfaces being arranged to support the pipe.

[0038] The additional channel can intersect the channel at least by extending between at least two of the discrete support surfaces arranged along the first dimension.

[0039] The building block may further include a fourth and a fifth face, wherein the additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face.

[0040] The additional channel can extend from the fourth surface to the fifth surface in a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension. The additional channel can be elongated in the second dimension.

[0041] The channel and the other channel can define an intersection that allows a pipe to be laid in the channel and the other channel.

[0042] The building block may include a plurality of channels defined in the first face, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support a plurality of pipes in the first face and are arranged in a grid pattern.

[0043] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: a face at least partially formed of aggregate material; and a grid-like channel defined in the face and arranged to support pipes in the face.

[0044] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: a first composite structural support layer; a second composite structural support layer; and a thermal insulation layer sandwiched between the first composite structural support layer and the second composite structural support layer.

[0045] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a method for manufacturing building blocks for prefabricated housing is provided, the method comprising: connecting at least one connector to an insulation layer such that the at least one connector extends from at least one surface of the insulation layer; and forming a first composite structural support layer relative to the at least one surface such that the first composite layer and the insulation layer are connected via the connector.

[0046] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: a first composite structural support layer; a second composite structural support layer; and a thermal insulation layer sandwiched between the first composite structural support layer and the second composite structural support layer.

[0047] The first composite structural support layer may include aggregate materials. The first composite structural support layer may include concrete.

[0048] The thermal conductivity of the insulation layer can be less than 1 W / mK. The insulation layer may include fiber-reinforced plastic.

[0049] The building block may include a connector that extends from the first composite structural support layer through the insulation layer to the second composite structural support layer.

[0050] The thickness of the insulation layer can be greater than the thickness of the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer.

[0051] The thickness of the insulation layer can be in the range of 100mm to 200mm, and the thickness of the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer can each be in the range of 30mm to 100mm.

[0052] The first composite structure support layer may include a first surface, a second surface, a third surface, and at least one channel, the channel being defined in the first surface and extending from the second surface to the third surface, and arranged to support the pipe in the first surface.

[0053] The channel extending from the second surface to the third surface is elongated in the first dimension.

[0054] The building block may include another channel defined in the first face, the other channel intersecting with the first channel.

[0055] The channel may include a plurality of discrete support surfaces arranged along a first dimension, the plurality of discrete support surfaces being arranged to support the pipe.

[0056] The additional channel can intersect the channel at least by extending between at least two of the discrete support surfaces arranged along the first dimension.

[0057] The building block may include a fourth face and a fifth face, wherein an additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face. The additional channel may extend from the fourth face to the fifth face in a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension. The additional channel may be elongated in the second dimension.

[0058] The channel and the other channel can define an intersection that allows a pipe to be laid in the channel and the other channel.

[0059] The building block may include a plurality of channels defined in the first face, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support a plurality of pipes in the first face and are arranged in a grid pattern.

[0060] The building block may include a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface includes at least one protrusion and the bottom surface includes at least one concave portion, or the top surface includes at least one concave portion and the bottom surface includes at least one protrusion.

[0061] The top surface may be at least partially defined by the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer, and the top surface includes a plurality of protrusions and recesses, wherein at least one protrusion or recess is defined by the first composite structure support layer, and at least one protrusion or recess is defined by the second composite structure support layer.

[0062] The building block may be substantially cubic in shape and include length, width, and thickness, wherein the length and width are greater than the thickness. The length may be in the range of 200mm to 1500mm, and the width may be in the range of 200mm to 1000mm.

[0063] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: a first face, a second face, and a third face, the first face being at least partially formed of aggregate material; and at least one channel defined in the first face and extending from the second face to the third face, arranged to support a pipe in the first face.

[0064] The channel extending from the second surface to the third surface is elongated in the first dimension.

[0065] The building block may include another channel defined in the first face, the other channel intersecting with the first channel.

[0066] The channel may include a plurality of discrete support surfaces arranged along a first dimension to support the conduit. Another channel may intersect the channel by extending between at least two of the discrete support surfaces arranged along the first dimension.

[0067] The building block may include a fourth face and a fifth face, wherein an additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face. The additional channel may extend from the fourth face to the fifth face in a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension. The additional channel may be elongated in the second dimension.

[0068] The channel and the other channel can define an intersection that allows a pipe to be laid in the channel and the other channel.

[0069] The building block may include a plurality of channels defined in the first face, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support a plurality of pipes in the first face and are arranged in a grid pattern.

[0070] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: a face at least partially formed of aggregate material; and a grid-like channel defined in the face and arranged to support pipes in the face.

[0071] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a method for manufacturing building blocks for prefabricated housing is provided, the method comprising: connecting at least one connector to an insulation layer such that the at least one connector extends from at least one surface of the insulation layer; and forming a first composite structural support layer relative to the at least one surface such that the first composite layer and the insulation layer are connected via the connector.

[0072] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a building block for prefabricated housing is provided, the building block comprising: a face, another face, and a third face; and at least one channel configured to receive a pipe, the channel comprising: an open channel portion formed by a groove in the face; a closed channel portion extending from an opening in the other face to the open channel portion in the face; and a closed channel portion extending from the open channel portion to an opening in the third face.

[0073] The other face can be substantially orthogonal to the additional face.

[0074] The first composite structure support layer may include an additional surface substantially parallel to the other surface and substantially orthogonal to the surface and the other surface, and another channel comprising: an open channel portion in the surface, wherein the open channel portion is a groove; a closed channel portion extending from the other surface to the surface with an opening in the open channel portion; and a closed channel portion extending from the open channel portion to an opening in the additional surface.

[0075] The first composite structure support layer may include multiple channels, which are at least partially formed by multiple closed channel portions and multiple open channel portions.

[0076] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a method for constructing a prefabricated house using building blocks described in any of the preceding paragraphs is provided, the method comprising: forming a foundation for the prefabricated house; and connecting a first building block described in any of the preceding paragraphs and a second building block described in any of the preceding paragraphs to construct at least a portion of the walls of the prefabricated house.

[0077] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a prefabricated house is provided, which includes a plurality of building blocks as described in any of the preceding paragraphs.

[0078] According to various, but not necessarily all, embodiments, a method for constructing a prefabricated house using building blocks described in any of the preceding paragraphs is provided, the method comprising: forming a foundation for the prefabricated house; and connecting a first building block described in any of the preceding paragraphs and a second building block described in any of the preceding paragraphs to construct at least a portion of the walls of the prefabricated house. Attached Figure Description

[0079] Some embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0080] Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary prefabricated house comprising multiple building blocks is shown;

[0081] Figure 2A , 2B Figures 2 and 2C show perspective, plan, and bottom views of a first embodiment of the building blocks;

[0082] Figure 2D and 2E Cross-sectional views of horizontal and vertical channels in the building blocks of the first embodiment are shown;

[0083] Figure 3A , 3B 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F and 3G respectively show the perspective view, plan view, rear view, end view, front view, cross-sectional front view and bottom perspective view of the second embodiment of the building block;

[0084] Figure 3H It shows Figure 3D An end view of the building block of the second embodiment shown;

[0085] Figure 4 A perspective view of a third embodiment of the building blocks is shown;

[0086] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the building blocks;

[0087] Figure 6 A perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the building blocks is shown;

[0088] Figure 7 A side view of a sixth embodiment of the building blocks is shown;

[0089] Figure 8 A partial perspective view of an exemplary foundation for an exemplary prefabricated house is shown;

[0090] Figure 9A and 9B Perspective and end views of the seventh embodiment of the building blocks are shown respectively;

[0091] Figure 10Aand 10B Perspective and plan views of the eighth embodiment of the building blocks are shown respectively;

[0092] Figure 11 A cross-sectional end view of an exemplary foundation including building blocks of the seventh and eighth embodiments is shown;

[0093] Figure 12A and 12B Perspective and end views of the ninth embodiment of the building blocks are shown respectively;

[0094] Figure 13A and 13B Perspective and plan views of the tenth embodiment of the building blocks are shown respectively;

[0095] Figure 14 A cross-sectional end view of an exemplary foundation including building blocks of the ninth and tenth embodiments is shown;

[0096] Figure 15 An exemplary method for forming an exemplary building block is shown; and

[0097] Figure 16 An exemplary method for forming at least a portion of a prefabricated house is shown.

[0098] The accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. For clarity and simplicity, some features and views in the drawings may be shown schematically or exaggerated in scale. For example, for ease of illustration, the dimensions of some elements in the drawing may be exaggerated relative to other elements. Similar reference symbols are used in the drawings to identify similar features. For clarity, not all reference symbols are necessarily shown in all drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0099] Embodiments of the present invention relate to a building block for prefabricated housing, for example... Figure 1 As shown in the diagram. This building block can be used as part of a prefabricated house 810. Several examples of building blocks can be used to construct the prefabricated house 810. Although the following embodiments are for building blocks used in prefabricated houses 810, it should be understood that the building blocks can be used to construct any type of building, such as residential, commercial and / or industrial buildings.

[0100] Prefabricated buildings are constructed using a systematic construction process. Unlike typical buildings (i.e., timber-framed houses built piece by piece on-site), prefabricated buildings at least partially automate the construction process. For example, this can be partially automated by constructing at least a portion of the building remotely from the construction site / location, making prefabricated buildings easier to build on-site.

[0101] The construction of housing, such as social housing, typically requires the services of various skilled workers (e.g., plumbers, electricians, bricklayers, etc.). In the UK, the heavy use of skilled workers increases housing construction costs. Therefore, prefabricated houses 810 may need to be easy to assemble (e.g., to reduce the employment of skilled workers). Prefabricated houses 810 may also need to be able to be assembled quickly.

[0102] Figure 1 A perspective view of Example 3, a prefabricated house 810, is shown, which comprises multiple building blocks. The prefabricated house 810 may include any of the building blocks described below. Figure 1 The prefabricated house 810 shown includes Figures 2A to 3G At least one of the building blocks 100 and 500 shown in the embodiments, and Figures 4 to 6 The building blocks shown are 200, 300, and 400. It should be understood that the prefabricated house 810 may also include... Figures 7 to 14 The building blocks shown are at least one of 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000.

[0103] The prefabricated house 810 includes multiple walls 811-814 (front wall 811, rear wall 812, left wall 813, and right wall 814), a foundation 815, and a ceiling 816. It should be understood that each wall 811-814, the foundation 815, and the ceiling 816 can be of any suitable shape or size. The walls 811-814 have multiple openings for receiving multiple lintels 400. Each lintel 400 may define at least a portion of a window and / or door 821, 822. Each wall 811-814 may have any suitable number (any suitable size) of openings to form any suitable number of windows and / or doors. In the illustrated embodiment, the front wall 811 has six openings, each for receiving a lintel 400. The prefabricated house 810 may also include a roof (not shown).

[0104] Figures 2A to 7 and Figure 9 to Figure 14 Building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 are shown in multiple embodiments.

[0105] Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C Perspective view, plan view and bottom view of the first embodiment of building block 500 are shown respectively. Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2CThe Cartesian coordinate axes 130 are shown in (and other accompanying figures) to help the reader understand the relative orientation of the figures. The Cartesian coordinate axes 130 include x, y, and z axes, each defining a different orthogonal dimension. The z-axis can be considered as defining the width / height dimension, the x-axis as defining the length dimension, and the y-axis as defining the depth / thickness dimension.

[0106] Building block 500 includes a first composite structural support layer 101, a second composite structural support layer 102, and an insulation layer 103 sandwiched between the first composite structural support layer 101 and the second composite structural support layer 102. It should be understood that although some embodiments of building blocks 100, 200, 300, and 500 shown include the second composite structural support layer 102, the second composite structural support layer 102 is optional. Building block 500 may include the insulation layer 103 and the (first) composite structural support layer 101 adjacent to the insulation layer 103 (e.g., without the second composite structural support layer 102).

[0107] The first composite structural support layer 101 and / or the second composite structural support layer 102 can be configured to provide structural support for the building blocks 500. Advantageously, the composite structural support layers 101 and 102 enhance the strength and durability of the building blocks 500. The first composite structural support layer 101 and the second composite structural support layer 102 can each be composed of multiple materials (e.g., concrete or equivalent materials). The first composite structural support layer 101 and the second composite structural support layer 102 can each include at least one aggregate material (e.g., sand, gravel, crushed stone, and / or slag). The at least one aggregate material can be bonded together via a binder such as cement. The first composite structural support layer 101 and / or the second composite structural support layer 102 can include concrete. The first composite structural support layer 101 and / or the second composite structural support layer 102 comprising concrete can provide a heat sink effect (e.g., absorbing heat during the hotter part of the day (e.g., daytime) and releasing heat during the colder part of the day (e.g., nighttime)).

[0108] The insulation layer 103 can be configured to provide insulation for a structure composed of building blocks 500 (e.g., prefabricated house 810). The insulation layer 103 can be sandwiched between composite structural support layers 101 and 102, so that the composite structural support layers 101 and 102 protect the insulation layer 103 (e.g., from the structural loads, weather conditions, debris, etc. borne by the composite structural support layers 101 and 102). That is, the composite structural support layers 101 and 102 are located on both sides of the insulation layer 103 in the depth (y) dimension.

[0109] Building block 500 may include at least one connector ( Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 2C (Not shown in the text) This connector is used to connect the first structural support layer 101 and the second structural support layer 102. Such connectors can penetrate the insulation layer 103 to connect the two composite structural support layers 101 and 102. For example, building blocks 500 may be included in the following description. Figures 3A to 3G The building blocks of the illustrated embodiment are combined with at least one connector as described.

[0110] The thermal conductivity of the insulation layer 103 may be lower than that of the first composite structure support layer 101 and / or the second composite structure support layer 102. For example, the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer 103 may be lower than 1 W / mK or 0.5 W / mK. The thermal conductivity of the insulation layer 103 may be lower than 0.1 W / mK, such as lower than 0.04 W / mK. The insulation layer 103 may include at least one of fiber-reinforced plastic, polystyrene, and a container configured to accommodate a vacuum and / or a partial vacuum. The insulation layer 103 may include at least one container accommodating a partial vacuum and / or a vacuum.

[0111] To improve the structural integrity of the insulation layer 103, the insulation layer 103 may include steel (such as rust-reesteel, stainless steel, galvanized steel, etc.).

[0112] Building block 500 may include multiple faces 121-126. In the illustrated embodiment, building block 500 has a top face 121, a bottom face 122, an inner face 123, an outer face 124, a first side face 125, and a second side face 126. The top face 121 and the bottom face 122 (mainly) are defined by length (x) and depth (y) dimensions and are spaced apart from each other in the height (z) dimension. The inner face 123 and the outer face 124 (mainly) are defined by length (x) and height (z) dimensions and are spaced apart from each other in the depth (y) dimension. The first side face 125 and the second side face 126 (mainly) are defined by depth (y) and height (z) dimensions and are spaced apart from each other in the length (x) dimension.

[0113] In the illustrated embodiment, the inner surface 123 and the outer surface 124 are each larger than each of the top surface 121, the bottom surface 122, the first side surface 125, and the second side surface 126.

[0114] The inner surface 123 is named as such because it is configured to face the interior (i.e., the inner side) of the house 810 constructed from building blocks 500. The inner surface 123 can also be referred to as the first main surface 123 or first primary surface 123 of the building blocks 500. The inner surface 123 can constitute part of the inner wall or the innermost (structural) wall of the prefabricated house 810. The inner surface 123 can be at least partially covered by one or more paints, plaster, gypsum board, etc. The outer surface 124 is named as such because it is configured to constitute part of the outer wall or the outermost (structural) wall of the house 10. The outer surface 124 can also be characterized as the second main surface 124 or second primary surface 124 of the building blocks 500. The outer surface of the outer surface 124 can be at least partially covered by one or more paints, plaster, slip brick, ceramic tile, cladding (such as block cladding), etc.

[0115] In the illustrated embodiment, the top surface 121 and the bottom surface 122 are substantially parallel to each other, the inner surface 123 and the outer surface 124 are substantially parallel to each other, and the first side surface 125 and the second side surface 126 are substantially parallel to each other. The top surface 121 and the bottom surface 122 are each substantially orthogonal to the inner surface 123, the outer surface 124, the first side surface 125, and the second side surface 126. The inner surface 123 and the outer surface 124 are each substantially orthogonal to the first side surface 125 and the second side surface 126.

[0116] Each face 121-126 can have any suitable shape. Figure 2A In the illustrated embodiment, Figure 2A The building block 500 shown is substantially cubic in shape, but the building block 500 may also have other shapes, such as any of the other exemplary building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 described herein.

[0117] The first composite structural support layer 101 itself may include a first surface 111, a second surface 112, a third surface 113, a fourth surface 114, and a fifth surface 115, which respectively constitute at least a portion of the inner surface 123, the first side surface 125, the second side surface 126, the top surface 121, and the bottom surface 122. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner surface 121 of the building block 500 is the first surface 111 of the first composite structural support layer 101, while the second surface 112, the third surface 113, the fourth surface 114, and the fifth surface 115 respectively constitute a portion of the first side surface 125, the second side surface 126, the top surface 121, and the bottom surface 122.

[0118] like Figure 2AAs shown, building block 500 may define at least one channel 11-13, 21-24 in the first surface 111 of the first composite structural support layer 101 and the inner surface 121 of building block 500. These channels 11-13, 21-24 may be arranged as electrical wiring or conduit lines (such as conduits or wires). Each channel 11-13, 21-24 is arranged to support a conduit (such as an electrical wire, conduit, etc.) in the first surface 111 / inner surface 123. The conduit may be a domestic pipe, such as a water supply or drainage pipe. The pipe diameter may be greater than 10 mm, such as 15 mm or 22 mm, and / or may be less than 70 mm. These conduits may advantageously be retained within the channels 11-13, 21-24 (e.g., partially or completely retained within the channels).

[0119] As shown, each channel 11-13, 21-24 can be defined by a groove in the first surface 111. That is, each channel 11-13, 21-24 can be a recessed portion of the first surface 111 relative to the protrusions 50 located on both sides of the channels 11-13, 21-24. For clarity, Figure 2A The reference symbol 50 is used to mark only part of the protrusion 50.

[0120] Multiple channels 11-13, 21-24 can be configured to support multiple pipes in the first surface 111. The multiple channels 11-13, 21-24 can be arranged in rows and columns and / or grids (e.g., a series of squares and / or rectangles formed by intersecting lines). In the illustrated embodiment, protrusions 50 arranged in columns and rows and / or grids (at least partially) constitute the multiple channels 11-13, 21-24. As shown, channels 11-13, 21-24 can be laid around protrusions 50.

[0121] Sections 11-13 extend from the second face 112 / first side 125 to the third face 113 / second side 126. These channels have inlets and outlets 31-33 on the second face 112 / first side 125, and inlets and outlets 34-36 on the third face 113 / second side 126. The locations marked with reference symbols 31-36 can each be considered as inlets or outlets. These locations 31-36 indicate points where pipes can enter or exit channels 11-13.

[0122] In the illustrated embodiment, channels 11-13 extending from the second surface 112 to the third surface 113 are aligned along the length (x) dimension and can be considered as horizontal channels. That is, channels 11-13 are elongated in the length (x) dimension. However, this may not be the case in other embodiments. Channels 11-13 extending from the second surface 112 to the third surface 113 can also be considered as linear channels, as they each extend in a straight line from the second surface 112 to the third surface 113. However, this may not be the case in other examples.

[0123] As in Figure 2A As can be seen, there are three horizontal channels 11-13 in the illustrated embodiment, but the number of horizontal channels 11-13 may be different in other embodiments.

[0124] Figure 2D A cross-section of the horizontal channel 11 is shown. Although Figure 2D Only one horizontal channel 11 is shown in the figure, but the same applies to the other horizontal channels 12, 13. Channel 11 is located between adjacent protrusions 50 in the height (z) dimension. Each protrusion 50 provides a support surface 4, 8 for supporting the pipe within channel 11. The length of each support surface 4, 8 defines the depth of channel 11 in the depth (y) dimension. The channel depth can be greater than 10 mm, such as 15 mm or 22 mm, and / or can be less than 70 mm. Another support surface 6 provided in the first surface 111 defines the height of channel 11 in the height dimension. The channel height can be greater than 10 mm, such as 15 mm or 22 mm, and / or can be less than 70 mm. Support surface 6 prevents the pipe from penetrating the first structural support layer 101. Each protrusion 50 defines an outermost surface on the inner surface 123 / first surface 111, which is spaced apart from the innermost surface on the inner surface 123 / first surface 111 defined by channel 11 / support surface 6. Each support surface 4, 6, and 8 forms part of channel 11.

[0125] Support surfaces 4, 6, and 8 can support the pipe within channel 11. For example, they can reduce or prevent movement of the pipe within channel 11 during installation, thereby facilitating the installation of the pipe into channel 11. One of the support surfaces 4 can also support the weight of the pipe, thus securing it in place after installation. In some implementations, multiple support surfaces 4, 6, and 8 can secure the pipe in place after installation (e.g., if the pipe has an interference fit).

[0126] Channel 11 has an opening 7 between protrusions 50. A conduit can be inserted into or removed from channel 11 through opening 7 or through inlet or outlet 31, 34 of channel 11.

[0127] Sections 21-24 extend from the fourth face 114 / top face 121 to the fifth face 115 / bottom face 122. These sections have inlets and outlets 41-44 on the fourth face 114 / top face 121, and inlets and outlets 45-48 on the fifth face 115 / bottom face 122. The locations marked with reference symbols 41-48 can each be considered as inlets or outlets. These locations 41-48 indicate points where pipes can enter or exit sections 21-24.

[0128] In the illustrated embodiment, channels 21-24 extending from the fourth face 114 to the fifth face 115 are aligned along the width dimension and can be considered as vertical channels. That is, channels 21-24 are elongated in the height (z) dimension. However, this may not be the case in other embodiments. Channels 21-24 extending from the fourth face 114 to the fifth face 115 can also be considered as linear channels, as they each extend in a straight line from the fourth face 114 to the fifth face 115. However, this may not be the case in other examples.

[0129] As in Figure 2A As can be seen, there are four vertical channels 21-24 in the illustrated embodiment, but in other examples, the number of vertical channels 21-24 may be different.

[0130] Figure 2E A cross-section of the vertical channel 23 is shown. Although Figure 2E Only one vertical channel 23 is shown in the diagram, but the same applies to the other vertical channels 21, 22, and 24. Channel 23 is located between adjacent protrusions 50 in the length (x) dimension. Each protrusion 50 provides a support surface 4, 8 for supporting the pipe within channel 23. The length of each support surface 4, 8 defines the depth of channel 23 in the depth (y) dimension. The channel depth can be greater than 10 mm, such as 15 mm or 22 mm, and / or can be less than 70 mm. Another support surface 6 disposed on the first surface 111 defines the width of channel 11 in the length (x) dimension. The channel width can be greater than 10 mm, such as 15 mm or 22 mm, and / or can be less than 70 mm. Support surface 6 prevents the pipe from penetrating the first structural support layer 101. Each protrusion 50 defines an outermost surface on the inner surface 123 / first surface 111, which is spaced apart from the innermost surface on the inner surface 123 / first surface 111 defined by channel 11 / support surface 6. Each support surface 4, 6, and 8 forms part of channel 23.

[0131] Support surfaces 4, 6, and 8 can support the pipe within channel 23. For example, they can reduce or prevent movement of the pipe within channel 23 during installation, thus facilitating pipe installation into channel 23. One of the support surfaces 6 can also support the weight of the pipe, thereby securing it in place after installation. In some implementations, multiple support surfaces 4, 6, and 8 can secure the pipe in place after installation (e.g., if the pipe has an interference fit).

[0132] Channel 23 has an opening 7 between protrusions 50. The conduit can be inserted into or removed from channel 23 through opening 7 or through inlet or outlet 43, 47 of channel 23.

[0133] At least two channels, 11-13 and 21-24, may intersect at intersection 61. For clarity, Figure 2A Reference numeral 61 is used only for a portion of the intersection 61. In some embodiments, such as in... Figure 2A In the illustrated embodiment, a channel 11-13, 21-24 may intersect with multiple other channels at multiple intersections 61. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, a horizontal channel 11-13 intersects with multiple vertical channels 21-24 at multiple intersections 61. A vertical channel 21-24 intersects with multiple horizontal channels 11-13 at multiple intersections 61. Each intersection 61 forms part of two intersecting channels 11-13, 21-24. In the illustrated embodiment, channels 11-13, 21-24 intersect each other substantially at right angles, but this may not be the case in other embodiments.

[0134] Each protrusion 50 provides at least one discrete support surface 4, 8 for channels 11-13, 21-24, which is separated from at least one other discrete support surface 4, 8 by a cross 61. In the illustrated embodiment, a pair of discrete support surfaces 4, 8 for one channel 11-13, 21-24 is separated from another pair of discrete support surfaces 4, 8 by a cross 61.

[0135] In the illustrated embodiment, the discrete support surfaces 4 and 8 of the horizontal channels 11-13 are spaced apart from each other in the length (x) dimension. The discrete support surfaces 4 and 8 of the vertical channels 21-24 are spaced apart from each other in the height (z) dimension.

[0136] When one channel 11-13, 21-24 intersects another channel 11-13, 21-24, it intersects the other channel by extending between at least one pair of discrete support surfaces 4, 8.

[0137] During use, installers can install the pipe onto the first face 111, placing it at least partially within several different channels 11-13, 21-24. For example, the pipe can be partially located in the horizontal channel 11-13 and partially in the vertical channel 21-24. To this end, the pipe can extend along a non-linear path from inlets 31-36, 41-48 to outlets 31-36, 41-48. For example, the pipe can extend along a linear path from inlets 31-36, 41-48 to intersection 61, change direction at intersection 61 (e.g., substantially 90 degrees), and then extend along another linear path to outlets 31-36, 41-48, making the entire path from inlet to outlet 31-36, 41-48 non-linear.

[0138] In some embodiments, channels 11-13, 21-24 may be curved, and the pipes located in such channels 11-13, 21-24 may extend along the corresponding curved paths.

[0139] During use, channels 11-13 and 21-24 make it easier for users to install and / or retain pipes within the channels. For example, if multiple building blocks 500 are assembled together to form at least a portion of a prefabricated house 810, the time required for skilled workers (such as plumbers, electricians, etc.) to install pipes within the prefabricated house may be reduced. It may even be possible to eliminate the need for skilled workers to install the pipes, as they can be installed by non-professional (e.g., unskilled) personnel. Advantageously, channels 11-13 and 21-24 can also serve as air ducts, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600. As air ducts, channels 11-13 and 21-24 can also promote airflow within building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600, thereby reducing damp and cold spots.

[0140] The spacing between each horizontal channel 11-13 can be equal, and / or the spacing between each vertical channel 21-24 can also be equal. Advantageously, by equally spacing the channels 11-13 and 21-24, the loss of structural integrity caused by the presence of channels 11-13 and 21-24 within the first composite structure support layer 101 is reduced.

[0141] The top surface 121 of the building block 500 may include at least one protrusion / raiser 171-178 (see reference). Figure 2A and Figure 2B The bottom wall 122 may include at least one recess / groove 191-198 (see reference). Figure 2C In other embodiments, the top wall 121 may include at least one recess 191-198 (attached to or replacing at least one protrusion 171-178), and the bottom wall 122 may include at least one protrusion 171-178 (in place of or attached to at least one recess 191-198).

[0142] exist Figures 2A to 2C In the building block 500 of the illustrated embodiment, at least one protrusion 171-178 extends outward from the top surface 121. At least one recess 191-198 extends inward toward the bottom surface 122. In the illustrated embodiment, the outer surface is generally planar.

[0143] Each protrusion 171-178 may extend in the height (z) dimension from a direction away from the top wall 121. If present, each protrusion 171-178 may extend in the height (z) dimension from a direction away from the bottom surface 122.

[0144] Each convex portion 171-178 may be tapered. For example, each convex portion 171-178 may be tapered such that the convex portion narrows in the height (z) dimension toward the direction away from the top surface 121 or the bottom surface 122. Each convex portion 171-178 may include a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end of each convex portion 171-178 may include the portion of the convex portion 171-178 closest to the top surface 121 and / or the bottom surface 122. The distal end of each convex portion 171-178 may include the portion of the convex portion 171-178 furthest from the top surface 121 and / or the bottom surface 122.

[0145] Each recess 191-198 may extend in the height (z) dimension from the bottom surface 122 in a direction toward the interior of the building block 100. Each recess 191-198 may extend in the height (z) dimension from the top surface 121 in a direction toward the interior of the building block 100.

[0146] Each recess 191-198 may be tapered. Each recess 191-198 may be tapered such that it narrows in the height (z) dimension away from the top surface 121 or the bottom surface 122. Each recess 191-198 may include a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end of each recess 191-198 may include the portion of the recess 191-198 closest to the top surface 121 and / or the bottom surface 122. The distal end of each recess 191-198 may include the portion of the recess 191-198 farthest from the outer surface of the top surface 121 and / or the bottom surface 122.

[0147] Building blocks 500 are configured such that each building block 500 can be stacked on top of another building block 500. When stacking is complete, the protrusions 171-178 of one building block 500 are embedded in the recesses 191-198 of another building block 500. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, all the protrusions 171-178 extending from the top surface 121 of one building block 500 enter all the recesses 191-198 extending inward to the bottom surface 122 of another building block 500.

[0148] Advantageously, this connection between the protrusions 171-178 and the recesses 191-198 provides the advantage that no supporting structure needs to be built on the wall composed of building blocks 500. Furthermore, the connection between the protrusions 171-178 and the recesses 191-198 also provides the advantage that no adhesive (such as mortar) is needed when assembling the prefabricated house 810 using the building blocks 500.

[0149] In some embodiments, such as Figures 2A to 2C As shown, the first and second structural support layers 101 and 102 may each include at least one protrusion 171-178 or a recess 191-198 in the top surface and bottom surface 121 and 122.

[0150] The first side 125 may include at least one protrusion / bulge 511, 512, while the second side 126 may include at least one recess / groove 501, 502 (see reference). Figures 2A to 2C In other embodiments, the first sidewall 125 may include at least one recess 501, 502 (attached to or replacing at least one protrusion 511, 512), while the second sidewall 126 may include at least one protrusion 511, 512 (attached to or replacing at least one recess 501, 502).

[0151] exist Figures 2A to 2C In the first embodiment of the building block 500 shown, each protrusion 511, 512 extends outward from a first side 125 in the length (x) dimension. Each recess 501, 502 extends inward toward the interior of a second side 126 in the length (x) dimension. In the illustrated embodiment, the sides 125, 126 are generally planar in shape.

[0152] Each protrusion 511, 512 may be tapered. For example, each protrusion 511, 512 may be tapered such that the protrusion narrows in the length (x) dimension in a direction away from the first side 125 or the second side 126.

[0153] Each groove 501, 502 may be conical. For example, each groove 501, 502 may be conical such that the grooves 501, 502 narrow in the length (x) dimension toward the direction away from the first sidewall 121 or the second sidewall 126.

[0154] Building blocks 500 are configured such that each building block 500 can be fitted with an adjacent building block 500. When fitted, the protrusions 511, 512 of one building block 500 are engaged in the recesses 501, 502 of the other building block 500. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, all the protrusions 511, 512 extending from a first side 125 of one building block 500 enter all the recesses 501, 502 extending into the second side 126 of the other building block 500, thereby forming a convex-concave connection between the two building blocks 500. The connection between the protrusions / protrusions 511, 512 of one building block 500 and the recesses / concave portions 501, 502 of the other building block 500 restricts the relative movement of the connected building blocks 500 in the depth (y) dimension because the building blocks 500 are connected in a fitted manner.

[0155] like Figure 2BAs shown, each protrusion / protrusion 511, 512 may include one or more abutment surfaces 511a, 511b, 512a, 512b. One or more abutment surfaces 511a, 511b, 512a, 512b may be configured to abut against abutment surfaces 501a, 501b, 502a, 502b of recesses / grooves 501, 502 of another building block 500, thereby restricting the movement of the building block 500 and the other building block in the depth dimension.

[0156] The abutting surfaces 501a, 501b, 502a, 502b, 511a, 511b, 512a, 512b of the protrusions 511, 512 or the grooves 501, 502 may extend from the sides 125, 126 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the depth dimension (e.g., as shown in the image). Figure 2B As best shown, extending along the x-axis. For clarity, Figure 2A and Figure 2C The reference symbol for the contact surface is not shown.

[0157] Advantageously, the connection between the protrusions 511, 512 and the recesses 501, 502 offers the advantage of eliminating the need for supporting structures (such as scaffolding) on ​​the wall formed by the building blocks 500. It should be clarified that, although... Figures 2A to 2C Only the protrusions 511, 512 and grooves 501, 502 on the sidewalls 125, 126 are shown, but the building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 of any embodiment described herein may include these protrusions 511, 512 and / or grooves 501, 502 on the sides.

[0158] The building block 500 can be substantially cubic in shape. The building block 500 has a length (e.g., along length / x-axis), a width (e.g., along width / z-axis), and a thickness (e.g., along depth / y-axis). The length and width can be greater than the thickness. The length of the building block 500 can range from 200mm to 1500mm. The length of the building block 500 can range from 800mm to 1300mm. The length can be 300mm. The length can be 900mm. The length can be 1200mm. The width of the building block 500 can range from 200mm to 1000mm. The width of the building block 500 can range from 500mm to 1000mm. The width can be 300mm. The width can be 600mm. The width can be 900mm.

[0159] The thickness of the heat insulation layer 103 can be greater than the thickness of each of the first composite structure support layer 101 and the second composite structure support layer 102. The thickness of the heat insulation layer 103 can range from 100mm to 200mm. The thickness of the heat insulation layer 103 can range from 130mm to 170mm. The thickness of the heat insulation layer 103 can be 100mm. The thickness of each of the first composite structure support layer 101 and the second composite structure support layer 102 can range from 30mm to 100mm. The thickness of each of the first composite structure support layer 101 and the second composite structure support layer 102 can range from 30mm to 70mm. During testing, the inventors found that the preferred thickness of the heat insulation layer 103 is approximately 150mm. During testing, the inventors also found that the preferred thickness of each of the composite structure support layers 101 and 102 is approximately 50mm. During testing, the inventors also found that the preferred thickness of each of the composite structure support layers 101 and 102 is approximately 75mm.

[0160] The second composite support layer 102 may include at least one channel (not shown). The channel may be configured to accommodate at least one component of a heat exchange system. At least one component of the heat exchange system may be elongated.

[0161] Figure 3A , 3B 3C, 3D, 3E, 3F and 3G respectively show the perspective view, plan view, rear view, end view, front view, cross-sectional front view and bottom perspective view of the second embodiment of the building block 100. Figure 3H This shows Figure 3D The end view of the building block 100 of the second embodiment shown.

[0162] Figures 3A to 3H The diagram shows a Cartesian coordinate system with x, y, and z axes, where the x, y, and z axes define the length, depth, and height dimensions, respectively. This is consistent with the relationship between... Figure 2A and Figure 2B The above description is identical. A second embodiment of the building block 100 includes a plurality of blocks similar to... Figures 2A to 2C The first embodiment 500 shown herein has the same or similar features. For the sake of brevity, these features will not be repeated here. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the second embodiment of the building block 100 may include any features of the first embodiment of the building block 500 described and / or shown herein. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0163] For example, Figures 3A to 3HThe building block 100 of the second embodiment shown is similar to the building block 500 of the first embodiment in that, as described above with respect to the building block 500 of the first embodiment, the building block 100 of the second embodiment includes a first composite structural support layer 101, a second composite structural support layer 102, a heat insulation layer 103, a plurality of surfaces 121-126, and protrusions and / or recesses 171-173, 174-177, 191-193, 194-197 in the top and bottom surfaces 121, 122. The building block 100 of the second embodiment may include protrusions 511, 512 and grooves 501, 502 on the first and second sides 125, 126, but... Figures 3A to 3H It is not shown in the text.

[0164] The building block 100 of the second embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment 500 in that the second embodiment 100 includes at least one channel 11-12, 21-23 or multiple channels 11-12, 21-23 on the first surface 111 / inner surface 123, and the channels 11-12, 21-23 are defined in the first surface 111 / inner surface 123. Although the number of channels 11-12, 21-23 in the second embodiment 100 shown in the figure is smaller, in reality, the number of channels in the second embodiment 100 can be more, fewer, or the same compared to the first embodiment 500 shown in the figure.

[0165] The channels 11-12 and 21-23 in the second embodiment 100 are similar to those in the first embodiment 500 in that they are oriented in the same manner as described above, i.e., multiple intersecting elongated horizontal and vertical channels can be arranged in columns, rows, and / or grids. The channels 11-12 and 21-23 in the second embodiment 100 are similar to those in the first embodiment in that they have inlets and outlets 31-32, 34-35, 41-42, and 45-47 as described above. These inlets and outlets 31-32, 34-35, 41-42, and 45-47 are openings / holes on the top surface 121, the bottom surface 122, and the first and second side surfaces 125 and 126.

[0166] The channels 11-12 and 21-23 in the second embodiment 100 differ from those shown in the first embodiment 500 in that each channel 11-12 and 21-23 is not entirely formed by a groove in the outermost surface of the first surface 111 / inner surface 123. Instead, only portions of the channels 11-12 and 21-23 are formed by grooves, which are open and easily accessible to the user, while the remaining portions of the channels 11-12 and 21-23 are closed and not easily accessible. In the second embodiment 100, these grooves can be equivalently considered as openings or blind holes on the first surface 111 / inner surface 123. These recessed "open channel portions" provide multiple channels 11-12 and 21-23, such as an intersection 61 where a pair of channels intersect. As described above, the intersecting channels 11-12 and 21-23 can be a horizontal channel 11-12 and a vertical channel 21-23.

[0167] The “closed passage portions” of channels 11-12 and 21-23 can be considered as tunnels 62. These tunnels 62 provide discrete support surfaces 4, 6, and 8, which, except for the absence of openings 7, can have the same characteristics as the support surfaces described in the first embodiment 500 above.

[0168] The enclosed passage section / tunnel 62 is located below the outermost surface of the first face 111 / inner face 123. In fact, each passage 11-12, 21-23 can be composed of multiple open passage sections 61 and enclosed passage sections 62.

[0169] In the illustrated embodiment, each channel 11-12, 21-23 has a closed channel portion 62 on or near the face having an entrance or exit 31-32, 34-35, 41-42, 45-47. Furthermore, each channel 11-12, 21-23 also includes at least one other closed channel portion 62 located between the closed channel portions 62 at the entrance and exit 31-32, 34-35, 41-42, 45-47.

[0170] In the second embodiment of the building block 100, channels 11-12 and 21-23 can be arranged to support electrical wires or conduits (such as conduits or wires). Similarly to the above description of the first embodiment 500, channels 11-12 and 21-23 in the second embodiment of the building block 100 can accommodate and hold conduits (such as wires, conduits, etc.). These conduits can be accommodated via inlets and outlets 31-32, 34-35, 41-42, and 45-47 of channels 11-12 and 21-23.

[0171] Figures 3A to 3HThe building block 100 of the second embodiment shown includes at least one connector 161-167 for connecting the first structural support layer 101 and the second structural support layer 102. For example, the first structural support layer 101 can be fixedly connected to the second structural support layer 102 via connector 161-167.

[0172] Each connector 161-167 is configured such that a first end of the connector 161-167 is configured to connect to the first composite structure support layer 101, and a second end of the connector 161-167 is configured to connect to the second composite structure support layer 102. Each connector 161-167 may be configured to extend through the insulation layer 103.

[0173] Each connector 161-167 can be an elongated member (such as a rod). The elongated member can be any suitable shape. For example, the elongated member can be approximately cubic. The elongated member can also be substantially cylindrical (i.e., rod-shaped). Each connector 161-167 can be made of any suitable material. Each connector 161-167 can be at least partially made of a metallic and / or plastic material. Each connector 161-167 can be configured to withstand structural loads greater than those of the insulation layer 103. For example, each connector 161-167 can be made of a material capable of withstanding structural loads greater than those of the insulation layer 103.

[0174] Figures 3A to 3H As shown, each connector 161-167 extends from the first composite structural support layer 101 via the insulation layer 103 to the second composite structural support layer 102. The building block 100 may include any suitable number of connectors 161-167. Figures 3A to 3H In the building block 100 of the embodiment shown, the building block 100 includes twelve connectors 161-167, but only seven of them are shown in the figure.

[0175] Figure 3H A device 350 configured to move building blocks 100 is shown. The device 350 includes a clamp 352 configured to hold the building blocks 100.

[0176] During testing, the inventors discovered that when the building block 100 is moved using the device 350, clamping the building block 100 with the clamp 352 at positions on the outer and inner surfaces 123, 124 of the building block 100 that are substantially aligned in the z-axis with the connectors 161-167 of the building block 100 (e.g., applying opposite forces in the y-axis) reduces damage to the building block 100. This occurs when the connectors 161-167 are configured to withstand structural loads greater than those on the insulation layer 103. The connectors 161-167 and the composite structural support layers 101, 102 provide a bridging effect that helps prevent damage to the insulation layer 103.

[0177] Figure 4 A perspective view of a third embodiment of building block 200 is shown. The third embodiment of building block 200 includes many features that are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment 500 and the second embodiment 100 described above. For the sake of brevity, these features are not repeated herein. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the third embodiment of building block 100 may include any features of the first embodiment of building block 500 and the second embodiment of building block 100 described and / or shown herein. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0178] Figure 4 The difference between the surfaces 121-126 of the third embodiment of the building block 200 shown and the surfaces of the first and second embodiments 100 and 500 is that the inner surface 123 and the outer surface 124 are essentially triangular. Figure 4 The building block 200 shown is in the shape of a triangular prism. Apart from its overall shape, Figure 4 The building block 200 shown may include any features of the building blocks 100, 300, 400, 500, 600 of other embodiments described in detail in this application.

[0179] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the building block 300. The fourth embodiment of the building block 300 includes many features that are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment 500 and the second embodiment 100 described above. For the sake of brevity, these features will not be repeated here. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the fourth embodiment of the building block 100 may include any features of the first embodiment of the building block 500 and the second embodiment of the building block 100 described and / or shown herein. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0180] As shown in Figure 5, the top surface 121 and bottom surface 122 differ from the top and bottom surfaces of the first and second embodiments 100 and 500 in that the top surface 121 and bottom surface 122 are L-shaped. The building block 300 shown in Figure 5 is L-shaped prism. Apart from the overall shape, the building block 300 shown in Figure 5 may include any features of the building blocks 100, 200, 400, 500, and 600 of other embodiments described in detail in this application.

[0181] Advantageously, building blocks of different shapes can be used to construct partial structures of different shapes for the prefabricated house 810. In the illustrated embodiment, the front wall 111 includes a plurality of building blocks as shown in Figures 3 and 5 to provide a cubic structure. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper portions of the left wall 113 and right wall 114 include a plurality of blocks as shown in Figures 3 and 5. Figure 4 The building blocks shown are used to support the roof.

[0182] Figure 6 A perspective view of a fifth embodiment of building block 400 is shown. The fifth embodiment of building block 400 includes many features that are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment 500 and the second embodiment 100 described above. For the sake of brevity, these features are not repeated herein. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the fifth embodiment of building block 400 may include any features of the first embodiment of building block 500 and the second embodiment of building block 100 described and / or shown herein. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0183] like Figure 6 As shown, the inner surface 123 and the outer surface 122 differ from the inner surface and the outer surface of the first example 100 and the second example 500 in that the top surface 121 and the bottom surface 122 are hollow squares. Figure 6 The building block 400 shown includes twelve protrusions 171-182. Apart from its overall shape, the building block 300 shown in FIG5 may include any features of the building blocks 100, 200, 300, 500, and 600 of other embodiments described in detail in this application.

[0184] Figure 7 A side view of a building block 600 according to a sixth embodiment is shown. The sixth embodiment of the building block 600 includes several features that are the same as or similar to those of the second embodiment 100 described above. For the sake of brevity, these features are not repeated here. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the sixth embodiment of the building block 600 may include any features of the second embodiment of the building block 100 described and / or shown in this document. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0185] Figure 7As shown, the first composite structural support layer 101 includes a support member 601. This support member 601 is used to support at least a portion of the floor. The support member 601 may be formed from the first composite structural support layer 101. The support member 601 may also be an additional component configured to be supported by building blocks 600 (e.g., via protrusions 171-182). Apart from the overall shape, Figure 7 The building blocks shown may include any features of the other building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 described in detail in this application.

[0186] Figure 8 A partial perspective view of an exemplary foundation 815 of an exemplary prefabricated house 810 is shown. The foundation 815 includes a plurality of building blocks. The foundation 815 may include any of the building blocks described below. Figure 8 The foundation 815 shown includes Figures 9A to 13B At least one of the building blocks 700, 800, 900 and 1000 in the illustrated embodiment.

[0187] like Figure 8 As shown, the exemplary foundation 815 includes a platform 815a. The platform 815a can be constructed using any suitable material conforming to building code standards (such as the UK Building Code), such as concrete. The exemplary foundation 815 includes a support layer 815b. The support layer 815b can be configured to support the walls 811-814 of the prefabricated house 810.

[0188] In the exemplary foundation 815, the support layer 815b includes building blocks 700, 800, 900, and 1000 of the seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth embodiments.

[0189] Figure 9A and 9B Perspective and end views of the building block 700 of the seventh embodiment are shown respectively. The building block 700 of the seventh embodiment includes many features that are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment 500 and the second embodiment 100 described above. For the sake of brevity, these features will not be repeated here. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the building block 700 of the seventh embodiment may include any features of the building block 500 of the first embodiment and the building block 100 of the second embodiment described and / or shown in this document. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0190] Figure 9A and Figure 9B This illustrates a Cartesian coordinate system with x, y, and z axes, where the x, y, and z axes define the length, depth, and height dimensions, respectively. This is consistent with the relationship between... Figure 2A and Figure 2B The above description is the same.

[0191] Building blocks may include legs 911-914. Legs 911-914 may extend from the bottom surface 122. Legs 911-914 may be configured such that when legs 911-914 contact a planar base surface (e.g., platform 815a), a cavity is defined by legs 911-914, the bottom surface 122, and the planar base surface (at least partially).

[0192] Figure 9A and Figure 9B The building block 700 shown includes a plurality of legs 911-914 extending from the bottom surface 122. The legs 911 and 912 extend longer in the z-axis than the legs 913 and 914. When the longer legs 911 and 912 contact the planar base surface, a cavity 920 is defined by the longer legs 911 and 912, the bottom surface 122, and the planar base surface (at least partially).

[0193] When the longer legs 911, 912 contact the planar substrate surface, a cavity 920 can be defined, which is a closed channel 940 (e.g., the channel is at least partially defined in the z-axis by a top surface (e.g., bottom surface 122)).

[0194] Building block 700 may include through holes 931, 932 extending from top surface 121 through bottom surface 122 to cavity 920. Through holes 931, 932 extending in this manner allow leveling material to be injected into the cavity from top surface 121. Supports 911, 914 at least partially defining the cavity may be closer to the periphery of bottom surface 122 than the through holes 931, 932. The periphery of the bottom surface may be defined by inner surface 123.

[0195] like Figure 9A and Figure 9B The building block 700 shown includes a plurality of through holes 931, 932 that extend from the top surface 121 through the bottom surface 122 to the cavity 920.

[0196] like Figure 9B As shown, the foot 911 is closer to the periphery of the bottom surface 122 (in the x-axis) than the through holes 931, 932 (in the x-axis). Therefore, the foot 911 at least partially helps to accommodate the leveling material injected into the through holes 931, 932 within the foundation 815.

[0197] The leveling material may include any material suitable for improving the leveling effect of building blocks 700, 800, 900, and 1000 in the foundation 815, such as concrete. The leveling material may be injected into the cavity 920 through through holes 931 and 932. After the building blocks 700, 800, 900, and 1000 constitute at least a portion of the foundation 815, the through holes 931 and 932 allow the user to inject the leveling material into the cavity 920.

[0198] Figure 9A and Figure 9B The building block 700 shown may include any features of the building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 of other embodiments described in detail in this application.

[0199] Figure 10A and 10B Perspective and plan views of the building block 800 of the eighth embodiment are shown respectively. The building block 800 of the eighth embodiment includes many features that are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment 500 and the second embodiment 100 described above. For the sake of brevity, these features will not be repeated here. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the building block 800 of the eighth embodiment may include any features of the building block 500 of the first embodiment and the building block 100 of the second embodiment described and / or shown herein. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0200] Figure 10A and Figure 10B The diagram shows a Cartesian coordinate system 130 with x, y, and z axes, where the x, y, and z axes define the length, depth, and height dimensions, respectively. This is consistent with the relationship between... Figure 2A and Figure 2B The above description is the same.

[0201] The top surface 121 of the building block 800 may include a blind hole 811-814 configured to receive a leveler. The leveler may be a device for assisting in leveling the building block 800 and another building block mounted on the top surface 121 of the building block 800.

[0202] The leveler may include spacer components, such as shims. The leveler may include the spacer components described in UK Patent Application No. GB0713837.3. The leveler may include the spacer devices described in UK Patent Application No. GB1707963.3.

[0203] The extent of blind holes 811-814 in the depth and / or length dimensions can be greater than its extent in the width dimension. In other words, blind holes 811-814 can be relatively shallow.

[0204] Figure 11Cross-sectional end views of exemplary foundations including building blocks 700, 800 of the seventh and eighth embodiments are shown.

[0205] The dashed line shown by reference symbol 1101 is the boundary line between the building block 700 of the seventh embodiment and the building block 800 of the eighth embodiment. For example... Figure 11 As shown, the (shorter) legs 913 and 914 contact the top surface 121 of the building block 800 of the eighth embodiment. The protrusion 172 of the building block 800 of the eighth embodiment is at least partially inserted into the corresponding recess of the building block 700 of the seventh embodiment.

[0206] The dashed line shown by reference symbol 1102 is the boundary line between the building block 700 of the seventh embodiment and the surface of the planar base.

[0207] Figure 12A and 12B Perspective and end views of a ninth embodiment of the building block are shown. The building block 900 of the ninth embodiment includes many features that are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment 500, the second embodiment 100, and the seventh embodiment 700 described above. For brevity, these features are not repeated here. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the building block 900 of the ninth embodiment may include any features of the building block 500 of the first embodiment, the building block 100 of the second embodiment, and the building block 700 of the seventh embodiment described and / or shown herein. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0208] The top surface 121 and bottom surface 122 differ from the top and bottom surfaces of the first, second, and seventh embodiments 100, 500, and 700 in that, as Figure 12A and Figure 12B As shown, the top surface 121 and bottom surface 122 of the building block 900 are L-shaped. Figure 12A and Figure 12B The building block 900 shown is L-shaped prism.

[0209] The bottom surface 122 differs from the bottom surface of the seventh embodiment 700 in that it includes two legs 911 and 912 instead of four legs. The surface 122 differs from the surface of the seventh embodiment 700 in that it is not a plane and at least partially defines a U-shaped cavity 920.

[0210] Apart from the overall shape and the bottom surface 122, Figure 12A and Figure 12B The building block 900 shown may include any features of building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000 of other embodiments described in detail in this application.

[0211] Figure 13A and 13B Perspective and plan views of the building block 1000 of the tenth embodiment are shown respectively. The building block 1000 of the tenth embodiment includes many features that are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment 500 and the second embodiment 100 described above. For the sake of brevity, these features will not be repeated here. It should be understood that, unless otherwise stated, the building block 1000 of the tenth embodiment may include any features of the building block 500 of the first embodiment and the building block 100 of the second embodiment described and / or shown herein. Appropriate reference numerals are used where appropriate.

[0212] The top surface 121 and bottom surface 122 differ from the top and bottom surfaces of the first and second embodiments 100 and 500 in that, as Figure 13A and Figure 13B As shown, the top surface 121 and the bottom surface 122 are L-shaped. Figure 13A and Figure 13B The building block 1000 shown is L-shaped prism. Apart from its overall shape, Figure 13A and Figure 13B The building block 1000 shown may include any features of building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 of other embodiments described in detail in this application.

[0213] Figure 14 Cross-sectional end views of exemplary foundations including building blocks 900, 1000 of the ninth and tenth embodiments are shown.

[0214] The dashed line shown by reference symbol 1401 is the boundary line between the building block 900 of the ninth embodiment and the building block 1000 of the tenth embodiment. Figure 14 As shown, the legs 911, 912, the bottom surface 122, and the planar base surface define a cavity 920. The protrusion 172 of the building block 1000 of the tenth embodiment is at least partially inserted into the corresponding recess of the building block 900 of the ninth embodiment.

[0215] Figure 15An exemplary method 1500 for forming building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 of any of the above embodiments is shown. The method includes step 1502, which involves connecting at least one connector 161-167 to an insulation layer 103 such that the at least one connector 161-167 extends from at least one surface of the insulation layer 103. The method further includes step 1504, which involves forming a first composite structural support layer 101 relative to at least one surface, such that the first composite structural support layer 101 and the insulation layer 103 are connected via connectors 161-167. Method 1500 may further include a step of vibrating at least the first composite structural support layer 101. For example, if the first composite structural support layer 101 is made of concrete, vibrating the first composite structural support layer 101 reduces the amount of air trapped inside, thereby increasing the strength of the first composite structural support layer 101.

[0216] Building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 can be considered as components for prefabricated houses 810 because each layer 101, 102, and 103 of these building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 can be prefabricated into building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 before they arrive at the construction site of the prefabricated house 810. Advantageously, the building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000, including the first composite structural support layer 101, the second composite structural support layer 102, and the insulation layer 103, simplify the assembly of the prefabricated house 810. This is because each building block 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 is prefabricated to include each layer before construction of the house 810 begins, eliminating the need to construct the separate layers on-site.

[0217] Figure 16The figure illustrates an exemplary method 1600 for forming at least a portion of a prefabricated house 810. The method includes step 1602, which involves forming a foundation 815 of the prefabricated house 810. For example, the foundation 815 can be constructed using any suitable method conforming to building code standards. The method also includes step 1604, which involves connecting first building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 and second building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 to construct at least a portion of the walls 811-814 of the prefabricated house 810. The method may further include connecting any suitable number of building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 to construct a prefabricated house 810.

[0218] An exemplary building block (not shown) for a prefabricated house 810 may include a first surface 111, a second surface 112, and a third surface 113, each at least partially composed of aggregate. The exemplary building block may also include at least one channel 11-13, 21-24 defined in the first surface 111, extending from the second surface 112 to the third surface 113, and arranged to support the conduit in the first surface 111. The exemplary building block may include at least one layer 101, 102, 103 (i.e., any one of the composite structural support layers 101, 102, or insulation layer 103). The exemplary building block may also consist of only a single layer 101, 102, 103.

[0219] The exemplary building block may include Figures 2A to 7 and Figure 9 to Figure 14The building blocks 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 of the embodiments shown in the illustration have any features. For example, a channel 11-13 extending from a second face 112 to a third face 113 may be elongated in a first dimension. The exemplary building block may include another channel 21-24 defined in the first face 111, which intersects with channel 11-13. Channel 11-13 may include a plurality of discrete support surfaces 4, 6, and 8 arranged along the first dimension to support the conduit. Another channel may intersect at least channel 11-13 by extending between at least two discrete support surfaces 4, 6, and 8 arranged along the first dimension. The building block may include a fourth face 114 and a fifth face 115, with another channel extending from the fourth face 114 to the fifth face 115. Another channel 21-24 may extend from the fourth face 114 to the fifth face 115 in a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension. Another channel can be elongated in the second dimension. The channels and the other channel can define an intersection 61, which allows pipes to be laid in channels 11-13 and the other channel 21-24. The building block can include multiple channels 11-13, 21-24 defined in the first face 111, configured to support multiple pipes in the first face. The multiple channels 11-13, 21-24 are arranged in a grid pattern.

[0220] Another exemplary building block (not shown) for prefabricated house 10 may include: a surface 111-116 at least partially composed of aggregate material; and a grid-like channel 11-13, 21-24 defined in the surface 111-116, arranged to support the pipes in the surface 111-116.

[0221] In this document, the word "includes" is used in an inclusive rather than an exclusive sense. That is, any reference to "X includes Y" means that X may include only one Y or multiple Ys. If "includes" is intended to express an exclusive sense, it will be indicated in the context by explicitly mentioning "only one..." or using "consisting of...".

[0222] In this specification, "connection," "coupling," and "communication," and their derivatives, refer to the operational implementation of a connection / coupling / communication. It should be understood that any number or combination of intermediate components (including the absence of intermediate components) may exist to achieve direct or indirect connection / coupling / communication. These intermediate components may include hardware and / or software components.

[0223] As used in this article, the word “determine” (and its grammatical variations) can specifically encompass meanings such as: calculation, operation, processing, derivation, measurement, investigation, identification, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertainment. Furthermore, “determine” can also include meanings such as receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and obtaining. Additionally, “determine” can also encompass meanings such as resolving, selecting, choosing, and establishing.

[0224] In this specification, multiple embodiments are mentioned. A description of a feature or function in a particular embodiment indicates that such feature or function exists in that embodiment. The use of words such as “example,” “e.g.,” “may,” or “can,” whether explicitly stated or not, indicates that such feature or function exists at least in the described embodiment, regardless of whether it is explicitly described as an embodiment and whether it may, but not necessarily, exist in some or all other examples. Therefore, “example,” “e.g.,” “may,” or “can” refers to a specific instance of a class of embodiments. The attributes of this instance may be attributes unique to that instance, or may belong to that class, or to a subclass of that class, including some but not all instances in that class. Therefore, it is implicitly disclosed that features mentioned in the description of one embodiment but not in the description of another embodiment may, where possible, be used as part of the working combination in that other embodiment, but are not required to be used in that other embodiment.

[0225] Although the embodiments have been described in the foregoing paragraphs in conjunction with various examples, it should be understood that modifications may be made to the provided embodiments without departing from the scope of the claims.

[0226] In addition to the combinations explicitly stated above, the features described above can also be used in other combinations.

[0227] Although the descriptions of some functions refer to specific features, these functions can be implemented by other features, whether or not they are described.

[0228] Although the description of certain features refers to a particular embodiment, these features may exist in other embodiments, whether or not they have been described.

[0229] The terms “a,” “an,” or “the,” as used in this document, are used in an inclusive but not exclusive sense. That is, any reference to “X includes a / an / the Y” means that X may include only one Y or may include multiple Ys, unless the context clearly indicates the opposite. If “a,” “an,” or “the” is intended to express an exclusive sense, it will be clearly stated in the context. In some cases, “at least one” or “one or more” may be used to emphasize the inclusive meaning, but the absence of these terms should not be inferred as having an exclusive meaning.

[0230] The presence of a feature (or combination of features) in a claim refers both to the feature or combination of features itself and to features that achieve substantially the same technical effect (equivalent features). Equivalent features include, for example, features that are variations and achieve substantially the same result in substantially the same manner. Equivalent features include, for example, features that perform substantially the same function in substantially the same manner to achieve substantially the same result.

[0231] In this specification, adjectives or adjective phrases are used to describe features of the various embodiments. This description of the features of the embodiments indicates that the features will be exactly as described in some embodiments, and substantially as described in other embodiments.

[0232] The foregoing description illustrates some embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that some alternative structural and methodological features can provide equivalent functionality to the structures and features described in the specific embodiments above. Such structures and features have been omitted in the foregoing description for the sake of brevity and clarity. However, unless these alternative structural and methodological features are expressly excluded in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description should be considered to implicitly include references to these alternative structural and methodological features that can provide equivalent functionality.

[0233] Although efforts have been made in the foregoing description to focus on features deemed important, it should be understood that the applicant seeks protection through the claims for any patentable features or combinations thereof mentioned above and / or shown in the figures, regardless of whether such features are specifically emphasized.

Claims

1. A building block for prefabricated housing, the building block comprising: Insulation layer; A composite structural support layer, which is adjacent to the heat insulation layer; A top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface includes at least one protrusion and the bottom surface includes at least one recess, or the top surface includes at least one recess and the bottom surface includes at least one protrusion; and A first side and a second side, the second side being spaced apart from the first side along the depth dimension of the building block, wherein the first side includes at least one protrusion and the second side includes at least one recess, or the first side includes at least one recess and the second side includes at least one protrusion, wherein the protrusions and recesses of the first and second sides are configured to connect with corresponding protrusions or recesses of another building block, thereby restricting relative movement of the building block and the other building block along the depth dimension of the building block.

2. The building block of claim 1, wherein the at least one protrusion or the at least one recess on the first side comprises an abutment surface configured to abut against an abutment surface of the at least one protrusion or the at least one recess on the second side, thereby restricting relative movement of the building block and the other building block along the depth dimension.

3. The building block of claim 2, wherein at least a portion of the abutting surface of at least one protrusion or at least one recess on the first side extends from the first side in a direction substantially orthogonal to the depth dimension.

4. The building block according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein the top surface includes a blind hole configured to receive a leveler.

5. The building block of claim 4, wherein the top surface and the bottom surface are separated along the width dimension of the building block; and the blind hole extends in the depth dimension to a greater extent than the blind hole extends in the width dimension.

6. The building block according to any of the preceding claims further includes a second composite structural support layer, wherein the thermal insulation layer is sandwiched between the composite structural support layer and the second composite structural support layer.

7. The building block according to claim 6, wherein the composite structural support layer comprises aggregate material.

8. The building block according to claim 7, wherein the composite structural support layer comprises concrete.

9. The building block according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer is less than 1 W / mK.

10. The building block of claim 9, wherein the insulation layer comprises fiber-reinforced plastic.

11. The building block according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the building block includes a connector extending from the composite structure support layer via the insulation layer to the second composite structure support layer.

12. The building block of claim 11, wherein the connector is configured to support a structural load greater than that of the insulation layer.

13. The building block according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the insulation layer is greater than the thickness of each of the first composite structural support layer and the second composite structural support layer.

14. The building block according to claim 13, wherein the thickness of the insulation layer is in the range of 100mm to 200mm, and the thickness of the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer is in the range of 30mm to 100mm.

15. The building block according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composite structural support layer includes a first surface, a second surface, a third surface, and at least one channel defined in the first surface and extending from the second surface to the third surface, arranged to support a pipe in the first surface.

16. The building block according to claim 15, wherein the pipe is a domestic pipe.

17. The building block according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the channel extending from the second face to the third face is elongated in a first dimension.

18. The building block according to any one of claims 16, 17 or 18, further comprising a further channel defined in the first face, the further channel intersecting the channel.

19. The building block of claim 18, wherein the channel includes a plurality of discrete support surfaces disposed along the first dimension, the plurality of discrete support surfaces being arranged to support the pipe.

20. The building block of claim 19, wherein the additional channel intersects at least the channel by extending between at least two of the discrete support surfaces arranged along the first dimension.

21. The building block according to any one of claims 17 to 19, further comprising a fourth face and a fifth face, wherein the additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face.

22. The building block of claim 21, wherein the additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face in a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension.

23. The building block of claim 22, wherein the additional channel is elongated in the second dimension.

24. The building block according to any one of claims 18 to 23, wherein the channel and the further channel define an intersection, the intersection allowing a pipe to be laid in the channel and the further channel.

25. The building block according to any one of claims 20 to 25, wherein the building block includes a plurality of channels defined in the first surface, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support a plurality of pipes in the first surface and are arranged in a grid pattern.

26. The building block according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the top surface is at least partially defined by the first composite structural support layer and the second composite structural support layer, and the top surface includes a plurality of protrusions and recesses, wherein at least one protrusion or recess is defined by the first composite structural support layer, and at least one protrusion or recess is defined by the second composite structural support layer.

27. The building block according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the building block is substantially cubic in shape and includes a length, a width, and a thickness, the length and the width being greater than the thickness.

28. The building block of claim 27, wherein the length is in the range of 200 mm to 1500 mm and the width is in the range of 200 mm to 1000 mm.

29. The building block according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising: A support leg extending from the bottom surface and configured to contact a planar base surface, wherein when the support leg contacts the planar base surface, a cavity is defined by the support leg, the bottom surface, and the planar base surface; as well as A through-hole extends from the top surface through the bottom surface into the cavity, thereby allowing leveling material to be injected into the cavity from the top surface.

30. A prefabricated house comprising a plurality of building blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 29.

31. A building block for prefabricated housing, the building block comprising: Insulation layer; as well as A composite structural support layer adjacent to the insulation layer, the composite structural support layer including a surface and a plurality of channels defined in the surface, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support at least one pipe in the surface and are arranged in a grid pattern.

32. The building block according to claim 31, wherein the pipe includes household pipes.

33. The building block according to claim 32, wherein the domestic plumbing includes water supply and drainage pipes.

34. The building block according to claim 32 or 33, wherein the diameter of the household pipe is greater than 10 mm.

35. The building block according to any one of claims 31 to 34, further comprising a second surface spaced apart from the surface along the depth dimension of the building block, wherein the insulation layer is adjacent to the second surface.

36. A building block for prefabricated housing, the building block comprising: Insulation layer; Composite structure support layer; A top surface and a bottom surface, each of which is at least partially defined by the insulation layer and the composite structure support layer; A support leg extending from the bottom surface and configured to contact a planar base surface, wherein when the support leg contacts the planar base surface, a cavity is defined by the support leg, the bottom surface, and the planar base surface; as well as A through-hole extends from the top surface through the bottom surface into the cavity, thereby allowing leveling material to be injected into the cavity from the top surface.

37. The building block of claim 36, wherein the support leg is closer to the periphery of the bottom surface than the through hole.

38. The building block of claim 36 or 37, further comprising a second leg extending from the bottom surface, wherein the second leg and the third leg define a closed channel when they contact the planar base surface.

39. A building block for prefabricated housing, the building block comprising: A first surface, a second surface, and a third surface, wherein the first surface is at least partially formed of aggregate material; as well as At least one channel, defined in the first face and extending from the second face to the third face, is arranged to support a pipe in the first face.

40. The building block of claim 39, wherein the channel extending from the second face to the third face is elongated in a first dimension.

41. The building block of claim 40, further comprising a further channel defined in the first face, the further channel intersecting the channel.

42. The building block of claim 41, wherein the channel includes a plurality of discrete support surfaces disposed along the first dimension, the plurality of discrete support surfaces being arranged to support the pipe.

43. The building block of claim 42, wherein the additional channel intersects at least the channel by extending between at least two of the discrete support surfaces disposed along the first dimension.

44. The building block according to claim 42 or 43, further comprising a fourth face and a fifth face, wherein the additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face.

45. The building block of claim 44, wherein the additional channel extends from the fourth face to the fifth face in a second dimension orthogonal to the first dimension.

46. ​​The building block of claim 45, wherein the additional channel is elongated in the second dimension.

47. The building block according to any one of claims 41 to 46, wherein the channel and the further channel define an intersection, the intersection allowing a pipe to be laid in the channel and the further channel.

48. The building block according to any one of claims 40 to 47, wherein the building block includes a plurality of channels defined in the first surface, wherein the plurality of channels are configured to support a plurality of pipes in the first surface and are arranged in a grid pattern.

49. A building block for prefabricated housing, the building block comprising: The surface is at least partially formed of aggregate material; as well as A grid-like channel, defined in the surface and arranged to support the pipes in the surface.

50. A building block for prefabricated housing, the building block comprising: First composite structural support layer; Second composite structural support layer; as well as A heat insulation layer is sandwiched between the first composite structure support layer and the second composite structure support layer.

51. A method for manufacturing building blocks for prefabricated housing, the method comprising: At least one connector is attached to the insulation layer such that the at least one connector extends from at least one surface of the insulation layer; as well as A first composite structure support layer is formed relative to the at least one surface, such that the first composite layer and the thermal insulation layer are connected via the connector.

52. A method for constructing prefabricated houses using building blocks according to any one of claims 1 to 50, the method comprising: To form the foundation for the prefabricated house; The first building block as described in claims 1 to 50 and the second building block as described in claims 1 to 50 are connected to construct at least a portion of the wall of the prefabricated house.

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