Device for monitoring water content of forest litter based on hyperspectrum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forest litter monitoring, and particularly discloses a forest litter water content monitoring device based on hyperspectrum, the forest litter water content monitoring device comprises a base, the surface of the base is provided with a motor; the tail end of an output shaft of the motor is connected with a rotating structure, and the rotating structure is characterized in that the tail end of the output shaft of the motor is connected with a lead screw, the surface of the lead screw is sleeved with a sleeve, the other end of the sleeve is connected with a storage box, a hyperspectral imager is installed in the storage box, and the surface of the hyperspectral imager is connected with a probe. According to the forest litter water content monitoring device based on the hyperspectrum, a rotating mechanism is arranged, the detection angle of a probe is increased, a motor drives a lead screw to rotate, a sleeve rotates along threads on the surface of the lead screw, at the moment, the sleeve pushes a storage box to rotate upwards, and the storage box drives the probe to rotate upwards; the height and angle of the probe are adjusted, and the monitoring effect of the device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forest litter monitoring technology, specifically to a monitoring device for the moisture content of forest litter based on hyperspectral imaging. Background Technology

[0002] Forest litter moisture content can reflect soil moisture. Since forest litter covers the soil surface, its moisture content is correlated with soil moisture. By detecting litter moisture content, we can indirectly understand the soil moisture status to some extent. Higher litter moisture content usually indicates sufficient soil moisture, while lower content may suggest relatively dry soil. This is crucial for determining whether the water supply in the forest ecosystem meets the needs of plant growth. Furthermore, forest litter moisture content can affect plant physiological processes. Plants absorb water from the soil through their roots, and litter moisture content influences soil moisture evaporation and infiltration, thus affecting plant absorption and utilization of water. Appropriate litter moisture content helps maintain normal plant physiological functions, such as photosynthesis and transpiration. Detecting litter moisture content helps researchers and forestry workers understand the water environment of forest plants, providing a basis for forest cultivation and management. Meanwhile, forest litter is an important fuel source for forest fires. Its moisture content directly affects the ignition point and the ease of combustion. Dry litter is easier to ignite and burns rapidly, easily causing large-scale forest fires. Regularly monitoring the moisture content of litter can provide crucial information for forest fire risk assessment, enabling strengthened fire prevention measures during high-risk periods, such as increasing patrol frequency and prohibiting open fires. Based on long-term monitoring and analysis of this data, more targeted forest fire prevention strategies can be developed. For example, in areas and seasons with low litter moisture content, advance preparation of fire-fighting materials and personnel deployment can ensure a rapid response and effective control of fire spread once it occurs. However, existing forest litter moisture content monitoring devices have limited detection range and cannot perform comprehensive testing, resulting in poor monitoring effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the detection range is limited and cannot perform comprehensive detection during use, resulting in poor monitoring effect of the device.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging, comprising a base, wherein a motor is mounted on the surface of the base; The motor's output shaft is connected to a rotating structure, which includes: a lead screw connected to the motor's output shaft, a sleeve fitted on the surface of the lead screw, and a storage box connected to the other end of the sleeve; a hyperspectral imager installed inside the storage box, a probe connected to the surface of the hyperspectral imager, with the probe's end penetrating the storage box; a humidity sensor installed on the surface of the storage box; springs symmetrically installed on the top surface of the storage box, with the other end of the springs connected to a connecting plate; a solar panel connected to the surface of the connecting plate; an airbag installed on the surface of the storage box, with an air tube installed on the surface of the airbag, the end of the air tube penetrating the solar panel and connected to an air outlet; water-guiding chains symmetrically installed on the surface of the solar panel; spring clips installed on the surface of the storage box; and an air inlet installed on the surface of the airbag.

[0005] Preferably, the base surface is provided with a water collection structure, and the water collection structure includes: a water collection tank installed on the surface of the water collection structure, a water pump symmetrically installed on the surface of the water collection tank, and an atomizing nozzle connected to the end of the water pump outlet pipe; a baffle fixedly connected to the surface of the lead screw; and an opening provided around the top surface of the water collection tank.

[0006] Using the above technical solution, when the hyperspectral imager detects that the moisture content of the fallen leaves is low, the water collection structure wets the fallen leaves, which can prevent the fallen leaves from drying out.

[0007] Preferably, the sleeve has internal threads, and the sleeve and the lead screw are connected by threads.

[0008] Using the above technical solution, when the lead screw rotates, the sleeve rotates upward along the thread on the surface of the lead screw, causing the sleeve to push the storage box upward. The storage box then drives the hyperspectral imager to rotate upward, thus expanding the detection range of the hyperspectral imager.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the connecting plate is connected to the surface of the airbag, and the airbag and spring are staggered. The cross-section of the solar panel is set as a sloping structure, and the solar panel and the air pipe are slidably connected, and the air pipe and the connecting plate are slidably connected.

[0010] Using the above technical solution, when a bird lands on the surface of the solar panel, the solar panel pushes the connecting plate downwards, which in turn pushes the airbag downwards, causing the gas inside the airbag to be expelled.

[0011] Preferably, the air outlet is inclined and the end of the air outlet is in contact with the surface of the solar panel, and a one-way valve is installed inside both the air inlet and the air outlet.

[0012] Using the above technical solution, the gas inside the airbag is discharged through the air outlet, and the airflow through the air outlet drives the fallen leaves that have landed on the surface of the solar panel to fall down.

[0013] Preferably, the ends of the water-guiding chain and the spring sheet are correspondingly arranged, and the ends of the surface spring sheets of the water-guiding chain are vertically staggered. The spring sheets are made of metal. The water-guiding chain and the probe are staggered, and the probe and the humidity sensor are arranged on the same side.

[0014] Using the above technical solution, when the solar panel moves downward, the solar panel pushes the water-guiding chain to move, causing the outer side of the water-guiding chain to impact the spring, making a sound from the collision on both sides, which drives away birds on the surface of the solar panel.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the water-guiding chain is located inside the water collection tank, and the water-guiding chain passes through the inside of the opening, and the opening and the water-guiding chain are slidably connected.

[0016] Using the above technical solution, when it rains, the water from the solar panel falls down the surface of the water-guiding chain, allowing the water to enter the inside of the collection box through the water-guiding chain.

[0017] Preferably, the water collection tank is configured as a ring structure and is arranged around the outside of the motor.

[0018] Using the above technical solution, the motor drives the lead screw to rotate, which in turn causes the baffle to rotate on the surface of the water collection tank.

[0019] Preferably, the water inlet of the water pump is positioned corresponding to the location of the water collection tank, and the water collection tank is...

[0020] Using the above technical solution, the water pump absorbs water from inside the water collection tank, transports the water to the atomizing nozzle, and sprays the water out through the atomizing nozzle.

[0021] Preferably, the bottom of the baffle is in contact with the surface of the water collection tank, and the bottom of the baffle is located inside the opening. The water collection tank and the baffle are rotatably connected. The surface of the baffle is provided with a placement groove, and the water guiding chain is located inside the placement groove of the baffle.

[0022] Using the above technical solution, the baffle can block the opening of the water collection tank, reducing the evaporation of water inside the water collection tank.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging: 1. A rotating mechanism is set up to improve the detection angle of the probe. The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the sleeve to rotate along the thread on the surface of the lead screw. At this time, the sleeve pushes the storage box to rotate upward, and the storage box drives the probe to rotate upward. The height and angle of the probe can be adjusted, which can improve the monitoring effect of the device. 2. A hyperspectral imager and a humidity sensor are installed. When the humidity sensor detects an increase in humidity in the air and rainfall, the humidity sensor drives the motor to shut down through the control device, restoring the device to its original position and preventing damage. At the same time, the hyperspectral imager detects fallen leaves, which can more accurately monitor the moisture content of the fallen leaves. 3. A solar panel, airbag, and air outlet are set up. When a bird lands on the surface of the solar panel, the solar panel presses down on the airbag, causing the gas inside the airbag to be ejected through the air outlet, blowing the fallen leaves off the surface of the solar panel and preventing the fallen leaves from affecting the use of the solar panel. At the same time, the solar panel absorbs solar energy and supplies power to the device through a conversion device and a storage device. 4. A water-guiding chain and a spring are installed. When birds land on the surface of the solar panel, the water-guiding chain moves downwards, causing the water-guiding chain to impact the spring, resulting in a collision between the two. At this time, the spring produces a sound, which is used to scare away birds. At the same time, when it rains, the water-guiding chain can collect rainwater. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air inlet installation of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the water collection tank of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the water pump installed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the storage box of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lead screw mounting of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spring mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure for the opening installation of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the airbag installation of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the baffle installation of the present invention.

[0025] In the picture: 10. Base; 20. Motor; 201. Lead screw; 202. Sleeve; 203. Hyperspectral imager; 204. Probe; 205. Humidity sensor; 30. Storage box; 40. Spring; 401. Connecting plate; 402. Solar panel; 403. Airbag; 404. Air tube; 405. Air outlet; 406. Air inlet; 407. Water guiding chain; 408. Spring piece; 50. Water collection tank; 501. Water pump; 502. Atomizing nozzle; 503. Baffle; 504. Opening. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figure 1-10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging, comprising a base 10, a motor 20, a lead screw 201, a sleeve 202, a hyperspectral imager 203, a probe 204, a humidity sensor 205, a storage box 30, a spring 40, a connecting plate 401, a solar panel 402, an airbag 403, an air pipe 404, an air outlet 405, an air inlet 406, a water-guiding chain 407, a spring 408, a water collection tank 50, a water pump 501, an atomizing nozzle 502, a baffle 503, and an opening 504; The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content allows for easy repositioning of the hyperspectral imager 203, thereby increasing the detection range. The specific implementation method is as follows: A motor 20 is mounted on the surface of the base 10. A rotating structure is connected to the end of the output shaft of the motor 20. The rotating structure includes: a lead screw 201 connected to the end of the output shaft of the motor 20; a sleeve 202 fitted onto the surface of the lead screw 201; and a storage box 30 connected to the other end of the sleeve 202. A hyperspectral imager 203 is installed inside the storage box 30, and a probe 204 is connected to the surface of the hyperspectral imager 203, with the end of the probe 204 penetrating through the storage box 30. A humidity sensor 205 is mounted on the surface of the storage box 30. Springs 40 are symmetrically mounted on the top surface of the storage box 30, with the other end of the springs 40 connected to a connecting plate 401. A solar panel 402 is connected to the surface of the connecting plate 401. An airbag 403 is mounted on the surface of the storage box 30, and an air tube 404 is mounted on the surface of the airbag 403. The end of the air tube 404 penetrates through the solar panel 402 and is connected to an air outlet 405. Water-guiding chains 407 are symmetrically mounted on the surface of the solar panel 402. A spring clip 408 is mounted on the surface of the box 30, and an air inlet 406 is mounted on the surface of the airbag 403. The sleeve 202 has internal threads, and the sleeve 202 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 201. The bottom of the connecting plate 401 is connected to the surface of the airbag 403, and the airbag 403 and spring 40 are staggered. The cross-section of the solar panel 402 is sloped, and the solar panel 402 is slidably connected to the air pipe 404. The air pipe 404 is also slidably connected to the connecting plate 401. The connection is dynamic. The air outlet 405 is inclined and its end is in contact with the surface of the solar panel 402. One-way valves are installed inside both the air inlet 406 and the air outlet 405. The ends of the water guide chain 407 and the spring 408 are correspondingly arranged, and the ends of the spring 408 on the surface of the water guide chain 407 are vertically staggered. The spring 408 is made of metal. The water guide chain 407 and the probe 204 are staggered, and the probe 204 and the humidity sensor 205 are located on the same side.

[0028] Fix the base 10 in a suitable position and start the motor 20. The output shaft of the motor 20 drives the lead screw 201 to rotate. At this time, the sleeve 202 rotates upward along the thread on the surface of the lead screw 201. The sleeve 202 pushes the storage box 30 to move upward and rotate. The storage box 30 drives the internal hyperspectral imager 203 and probe 204 to rotate. At the same time, the hyperspectral imager 203 and probe 204 move upward, increasing the detection angle of the probe 204 and increasing the detection range. Simultaneously, the storage box 30 drives the surface humidity sensor 205 to rotate. The storage box 30 also... The airbag 403 and spring 40 drive the solar panel 402 to rotate. The solar panel 402 absorbs sunlight and supplies power to the motor 20, hyperspectral imager 203 and humidity sensor 205 through an external conversion device and energy storage device. When the humidity sensor 205 detects an increase in humidity in the air, indicating that it may rain, the humidity sensor 205 controls the motor 20 to turn on, causing the motor 20 to rotate in the opposite direction. This causes the sleeve 202 to rotate downward along the thread on the surface of the lead screw 201. The sleeve 202 drives the storage box 30 to move downward, restoring the position of the storage box 30. When birds land on the surface of solar panel 402, solar panel 402 compresses spring 40 downwards, causing spring 40 to contract. An air pump is connected to the air inlet end of airbag 403. At the same time, solar panel 402 compresses airbag 403 downwards, allowing gas inside airbag 403 to enter air tube 404. The air pump inflates airbag 403, and the gas is ejected through air tube 404 and air outlet 405. At this time, the gas is discharged on the surface of solar panel 402, which can blow away fallen leaves on the surface of solar panel 402, preventing fallen leaves from affecting the use of solar panel 402. When solar panel 402 moves downwards, solar panel 402 drives water guide chain 407 to move downwards. Water guide chain 407 collides with spring 408, causing spring 408 to make a sound. The sound generated by spring 408 drives birds away, preventing birds from landing on the surface of solar panel 402.

[0029] The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content moistens dry fallen leaves. The specific implementation method is as follows: The base 10 has a water collection structure on its surface, which includes: a water collection tank 50 mounted on the surface of the water collection structure; a water pump 501 symmetrically mounted on the surface of the water collection tank 50; an atomizing nozzle 502 connected to the outlet pipe of the water pump 501; a baffle 503 fixedly connected to the surface of the lead screw 201; an opening 504 surrounding the top surface of the water collection tank 50; and a water guide chain 407 with its bottom located inside the water collection tank 50, passing through the opening 504. The components 407 are slidably connected. The water collection tank 50 is set as an annular structure and is arranged around the outside of the motor 20. The water inlet of the water pump 501 is set in a position corresponding to the water collection tank 50. The bottom of the baffle 503 is in contact with the surface of the water collection tank 50. The bottom of the baffle 503 is set inside the opening 504. The water collection tank 50 and the baffle 503 are rotatably connected. The surface of the baffle 503 is provided with a placement groove, and the water guiding chain 407 is set inside the placement groove of the baffle 503.

[0030] When it rains, rainwater falls on the surface of the solar panel 402, causing the solar panel 402 to fall onto the surface of the water-guiding chain 407. The rainwater moves downward along the water-guiding chain 407 and flows through the surface of the water-guiding chain 407 into the interior of the water collection tank 50. The rainwater then falls through the opening 504 and is collected by the water collection tank 50. When the motor 20 drives the sleeve 202 to rotate via the lead screw 201, the sleeve 202 rotates the position of the solar panel 402. At the same time, the lead screw 201 drives the baffle 503 to rotate, causing the baffle 503 to rotate on the surface of the water collection tank 50 and inside the opening 504. The solar panel 402 drives the water guiding chain 407 to move upward, and at the same time, the end of the water guiding chain 407 rotates inside the water collection tank 50, causing the water guiding chain 407 to rotate inside the opening 504. At this time, the baffle 503 and the water guiding chain 407 rotate simultaneously, and the water guiding chain 407 moves inside the placement groove of the baffle 503. The baffle 503 blocks the opening 504 to prevent water loss. When the hyperspectral imager 203 detects that the fallen leaves are relatively dry, the hyperspectral imager 203 activates the water pump 501 through the control system. The water pump 501 absorbs the water inside the water collection tank 50 and transfers the water to the atomizing nozzle 502. The atomizing nozzle 502 sprays out rainwater, which moistens the fallen leaves and prevents them from drying out.

[0031] Working principle: When using this hyperspectral-based forest litter moisture content monitoring device, a lead screw 201, sleeve 202, hyperspectral imager 203, probe 204, and humidity sensor 205 are set up to facilitate changing the position of the hyperspectral imager 203 and improve the detection range. A water collection tank 50, water pump 501, atomizing nozzle 502, baffle 503, and opening 504 are set up to moisten the dry fallen leaves, increasing the overall practicality.

[0032] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging, comprising a base (10) on which a motor (20) is mounted on the surface of the base (10); Its features are: The output shaft of the motor (20) is connected to a rotating structure, which includes: a lead screw (201) connected to the output shaft of the motor (20), a sleeve (202) sleeved on the surface of the lead screw (201), and a storage box (30) connected to the other end of the sleeve (202). A hyperspectral imager (203) is installed inside the storage box (30), and a probe (204) is connected to the surface of the hyperspectral imager (203). The end of the probe (204) penetrates the storage box (30). A humidity sensor (205) is installed on the surface of the storage box (30). A spring (40) is symmetrically installed on the top surface of the storage box (30), and the other end of the spring (40) is connected to a connecting plate (401). A solar panel (402) is connected to the surface of the connecting plate (401). An airbag (403) is installed on the surface of the storage box (30), and an air tube (404) is installed on the surface of the airbag (403). The end of the air tube (404) passes through the solar panel (402) and is connected to an air outlet (405). A water-guiding chain (407) is symmetrically installed on the surface of the solar panel (402), and a spring (408) is installed on the surface of the storage box (30). An air inlet (406) is installed on the surface of the airbag (403).

2. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (10) has a water collection structure on its surface, and the water collection structure includes: a water collection tank (50) installed on the surface of the water collection structure, and a water pump (501) symmetrically installed on the surface of the water collection tank (50), and an atomizing nozzle (502) connected to the outlet pipe of the water pump (501) at its end, a baffle (503) fixedly connected to the surface of the lead screw (201), and an opening (504) surrounding the top surface of the water collection tank (50).

3. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve (202) has internal threads, and the sleeve (202) and the lead screw (201) are connected by threads.

4. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting plate (401) is connected to the surface of the airbag (403), and the airbag (403) and the spring (40) are staggered. The cross section of the solar panel (402) is set as a slope structure, and the solar panel (402) and the air pipe (404) are slidably connected, and the air pipe (404) and the connecting plate (401) are slidably connected.

5. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet (405) is inclined, and the end of the air outlet (405) is in contact with the surface of the solar panel (402). Both the air inlet (406) and the air outlet (405) are equipped with one-way valves.

6. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ends of the water-guiding chain (407) and the spring sheet (408) are correspondingly arranged, and the ends of the spring sheet (408) on the surface of the water-guiding chain (407) are vertically staggered. The spring sheet (408) is made of metal. The water-guiding chain (407) and the probe (204) are staggered, and the probe (204) and the humidity sensor (205) are arranged on the same side.

7. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the water-guiding chain (407) is located inside the water collection tank (50), and the water-guiding chain (407) passes through the inside of the opening (504), and the opening (504) and the water-guiding chain (407) are slidably connected.

8. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water collection tank (50) is configured as a ring structure and is arranged around the outside of the motor (20).

9. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet of the water pump (501) is set in a position corresponding to that of the water collection tank (50), and the water collection tank (50) is also located therein.

10. The monitoring device for forest litter moisture content based on hyperspectral imaging according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the baffle (503) is in contact with the surface of the water collection tank (50), and the bottom of the baffle (503) is located inside the opening (504). The water collection tank (50) and the baffle (503) are connected by a rotatable connection. The surface of the baffle (503) is provided with a placement groove, and the water guiding chain (407) is located inside the placement groove of the baffle (503).

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