Optical fiber testing equipment

By designing automated fiber optic testing equipment, which utilizes a drive mechanism and hydraulic rod to achieve automatic bending detection of optical fibers, the problem of low efficiency in manual operation is solved, and the testing efficiency and accuracy are improved.

CN120907783APending Publication Date: 2025-11-07SHANDONG ZHIGUANG COMM TECH CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202510965282.7
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-07-14
Publication Date
2025-11-07

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

The existing fiber optic bending detection process relies on manual operation, which is inefficient and can easily lead to fiber slack, affecting the accuracy and reliability of the detection.

Method used

An optical fiber testing device was designed, which uses a drive mechanism to drive a slider and pulley system, realizes automated bending detection of optical fiber through a motor and ratchet mechanism, and keeps the optical fiber taut through a hydraulic rod. The device combines the adjustment of the positions of the two pulleys to simulate different bending states.

Benefits of technology

It has improved the automation level of fiber optic testing, reduced labor intensity, increased testing efficiency and accuracy, and expanded the testing range.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of testing equipment, and relates to optical fiber testing equipment. The device comprises a workbench, one end of the workbench is slidably provided with a light source emitter, and the other end of the workbench is slidably provided with a detector; an inner pipe is installed on the workbench, an outer cylinder is connected to the inner pipe in a sleeving mode, a fixing rod is connected to the outer cylinder, the fixing rod is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder, and a sliding block is installed on the fixing rod in a sliding mode; a pulley matched with the optical fiber is mounted on the sliding block; and a driving mechanism is mounted on the workbench. The sliding block slides along the fixed rod and the fixed rod rotates through the driving mechanism, so that the optical fiber can be tested at different bending degrees and different bending positions, the labor intensity is reduced, and the detection efficiency is improved. By arranging the two pulleys, the optical fiber can be detected when the optical fiber has two bending positions, and can be detected when the two bending positions are at different distances and different bending degrees, so that the detection range is widened, and the applicability of the test equipment is improved.
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Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of testing equipment, and relates to an optical fiber testing equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] An optical fiber is a light transmission tool that uses the principle of total reflection of light in a glass or plastic fiber. It has a wide range of applications in modern communication, sensor technology, medical equipment and other fields. When the optical fiber is bent, the incident angle of light at the core-cladding interface may be less than the critical angle, causing part of the light to escape from the core into the cladding or the outside, thereby causing loss of optical power. In order to ensure that the optical fiber can operate normally and maintain its performance, it is usually necessary to perform macro-bend detection.

[0003] When testing, the optical fiber needs to be wound on a ring-shaped wheel to simulate the bending state in actual use, and then the two ends of the optical fiber are connected to the light source emitter and the detector respectively for testing. The bending process is completed manually, which is low in efficiency, high in labor intensity, and prone to cause the optical fiber to be loose and other problems, thereby affecting the accuracy and reliability of the detection structure.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the application provides an optical fiber testing equipment. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems in the background art, the application provides an optical fiber testing equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: an optical fiber testing equipment, comprising a workbench, a light source emitter is slidably installed at one end of the workbench, and a detector is slidably installed at the other end of the workbench; an inner tube is installed on the workbench, an outer cylinder is sleeved on the inner tube, a fixing rod is connected to the outer cylinder, the fixing rod is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder, and a sliding block is slidably installed on the fixing rod; a pulley matched with the optical fiber is installed on the sliding block; a driving mechanism is installed on the workbench, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the outer cylinder to rotate and make the sliding block slide along the fixing rod.

[0007] Further, the fixing rod has two, the two fixing rods are symmetrically arranged, a sliding block is slidably arranged on each of the fixing rods, and a pulley is installed on each of the sliding blocks.

[0008] Further, the driving mechanism comprises a connecting assembly and a sliding ring slidably arranged on the outer cylinder; a connecting rod is hinged between the sliding block and the sliding ring; a first gear is threadedly connected to the outer cylinder, and the first gear is rotationally connected with the sliding ring; the connecting assembly is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner tube; and the connecting assembly enables the outer cylinder to rotate unidirectionally relative to the inner tube.

[0009] Further, the connecting assembly comprises a rotating ring and a ratchet wheel; the end of the inner tube is fixedly sleeved with the ratchet wheel, the rotating ring is sleeved on the ratchet wheel, and the outer cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the rotating ring; a plurality of ratchet teeth are arranged on the ratchet wheel in a circumferential direction; and a pawl matched with the ratchet teeth is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the rotating ring.

[0010] Further, a fixing shaft is installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring, one end of the pawl is slidably sleeved on the fixing shaft in an up-down direction, and a driving member for driving the pawl to slide along the fixing shaft is arranged on the rotating ring; the plurality of ratchet teeth are first ratchet teeth and second ratchet teeth; the plurality of first ratchet teeth are circumferentially distributed on the upper end of the ratchet wheel, and the plurality of second ratchet teeth are circumferentially distributed on the lower end of the ratchet wheel; the inclination directions of the first ratchet teeth and the second ratchet teeth are opposite; the pawl is matched with the first ratchet teeth when being located at the upper end of the fixing shaft; and the pawl is matched with the second ratchet teeth when being located at the lower end of the fixing shaft.

[0011] Further, the driving member comprises a permanent magnet and an electromagnet, the permanent magnet is arranged in the pawl, and the electromagnet is arranged on the rotating ring.

[0012] Further, a first baffle and a second baffle are installed on the inner wall of the rotating ring, the first baffle and the second baffle are arranged on the two sides of the fixing shaft respectively; the first baffle is arranged in matched mode with the first ratchet teeth; and the second baffle is arranged in matched mode with the second ratchet teeth.

[0013] Further, the driving mechanism further comprises a motor and a second gear; the motor is fixedly installed on the workbench, and the second gear is installed on the output shaft of the motor; and the second gear is meshed with the first gear.

[0014] Further, a key groove is formed in the outer cylinder, and a sliding key is fixedly arranged on the sliding ring and slidably arranged in the key groove.

[0015] Further, hydraulic rods are installed at the two ends of the workbench, and the light source emitter and the detector are connected with the output ends of the hydraulic rods on the same side.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: the sliding block is driven to slide along the fixed rod and the fixed rod is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, so that the optical fiber can be tested at different bending degrees and different bending positions, which is beneficial to reduce labor intensity and improve detection efficiency; and the optical fiber is kept in a tension state by the hydraulic rod, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of detection.

[0017] By arranging two pulleys, the optical fiber can be detected when having two bending positions, the optical fiber can be detected when the two bending positions are at different distances and different bending degrees, the detection range is improved, and the applicability of the testing equipment is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 is the A part enlarged view of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 3 is the B part enlarged view of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism in the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the sliding ring in the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the outer tube in the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the inner tube in the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 is the sectional view of the rotating ring in the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 is the C part enlarged view of the present application Figure 8 ;

[0027] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the ratchet wheel in the present application;

[0028] Figure 11 is the structural schematic diagram of the pawl in the present application.

[0029] In the figure: 1, base; 2, workbench; 3, optical fiber; 4, inner tube; 5, ratchet wheel; 6, first ratchet tooth; 7, second ratchet tooth; 8, rotating ring; 9, fixed shaft; 10, pawl; 11, first baffle; 12, second baffle; 13, electromagnet; 14, outer tube; 15, keyway; 16, external thread; 17, fixed rod; 18, first gear; 19, sliding ring; 20, sliding key; 21, hinged seat; 22, sliding block; 23, connecting rod; 24, motor; 25, second gear; 26, first rotating shaft; 27, pulley; 28, hydraulic rod; 29, light source emitter; 30, detector; 31, second rotating shaft; 32, connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] As Figures 1-11 shown, the technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows: an optical fiber testing device comprises a base 1, a workbench 2, a light source emitter 29, a detector 30 and a pulley 27.

[0032] The workbench 2 is installed on the base 1. As Figure 1 shown, the light source emitter 29 is installed at the right end of the workbench 2, and the detector 30 is installed at the left end of the workbench 2. Specifically, the light source emitter 29 and the detector 30 are both slidingly arranged on the workbench 2. Both ends of the workbench 2 are fixedly connected with fixing blocks. The fixing blocks are installed with hydraulic rods 28. The output end of the right hydraulic rod 28 is fixedly connected with the light source emitter 29, and the output end of the left hydraulic rod 28 is fixedly connected with the detector 30.

[0033] The light source emitter 29 and the detector 30 are both rotatably installed with connecting blocks 32 through second rotating shafts 31. The right end of the optical fiber 3 is connected with the light source emitter 29 through the connecting block 32, and the left end of the optical fiber 3 is connected with the detector 30 through the connecting block 32. The light source emitter 29 delivers light source to the optical fiber 3, and the light source is delivered to the detector 30 along the curved optical fiber 3. The detector 30 detects the input light source and compares and calculates the light source emitted by the light source emitter 29 with the light source received by the detector 30, so as to realize the bending loss detection of the optical fiber 3.

[0034] The middle part of the workbench 2 is fixedly installed with an inner tube 4, and the inner tube 4 is vertically arranged. The inner tube 4 is sleeved with an outer cylinder 14. The upper end of the outer cylinder 14 is fixedly connected with two fixed rods 17. The two fixed rods 17 are symmetrically arranged. Each fixed rod 17 is slidingly provided with a sliding block 22. The sliding block 22 is rotatably installed with the pulley 27 through a first rotating shaft 26. The pulley 27 cooperates with the optical fiber 3, and when the optical fiber 3 passes around the pulley 27, the pulley 27 makes the optical fiber 3 bend.

[0035] The workbench 2 is installed with a driving mechanism, which is used to drive the outer cylinder 14 to rotate and make the sliding block 22 slide along the fixed rod 17. The driving mechanism comprises a connecting assembly arranged between the outer cylinder 14 and the inner tube 4, a sliding ring 19, a motor 24 and a second gear 25.

[0036] The connecting assembly comprises a ratchet wheel 5 and a rotating ring 8.

[0037] Both ends of the inner tube 4 are fixedly connected with the ratchet wheels 5, and each ratchet wheel 5 is sleeved with the rotating ring 8. The rotating ring 8 is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder 14.

[0038] As Figure 10As shown, a ratchet 5 is fixedly connected with multiple ratchet teeth. These ratchet teeth are named first ratchet teeth 6 and second ratchet teeth 7, respectively. The first ratchet teeth 6 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the upper end of the ratchet 5, and the second ratchet teeth 7 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the lower end of the ratchet 5. Both the first ratchet teeth 6 and the second ratchet teeth 7 are inclined, and their inclination directions are opposite.

[0039] A pawl 10 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the rotating ring 8. For example... Figure 11 As shown, a fixed shaft 9 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 8, and the axis of the fixed shaft 9 is parallel to the axis of the rotating ring 8. One end of the pawl 10 is slidably sleeved on the fixed shaft 9. When the pawl 10 is at the upper end of the fixed shaft 9, it engages with the first ratchet 6. When the pawl 10 is at the lower end of the fixed shaft 9, it engages with the second ratchet 7.

[0040] A driving component is provided on the rotating ring 8. The driving component includes a permanent magnet and an electromagnet 13 disposed within the pawl 10. The electromagnet 13 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating ring 8. By changing the direction of the current within the electromagnet 13, the direction of the electromagnet 13's magnetic poles is changed. When the electromagnet 13 attracts the pawl 10, the pawl 10 is at the lower end of the fixed shaft 9 and engages with the second ratchet 7; when the electromagnet 13 repels the pawl 10, the pawl 10 is at the upper end of the fixed shaft 9 and engages with the first ratchet 6.

[0041] like Figure 11 As shown, a first baffle 11 and a second baffle 12 are fixedly installed on the rotating ring 8, and the first baffle 11 and the second baffle 12 are respectively disposed on both sides of the fixed shaft 9. The first baffle 11 is configured to cooperate with the first ratchet 6, and the second baffle 12 is configured to cooperate with the second ratchet 7.

[0042] like Figure 8 , Figure 11 In the indicated direction, the pawl 10 engages with the first ratchet 6. When the rotating ring 8 rotates counterclockwise, the rotating ring 8 drives the pawl 10 to rotate via the fixed shaft 9. Under the action of the first ratchet 6, the pawl 10 rotates around the fixed shaft 9 in a direction away from the first baffle 11, allowing the pawl 10 to smoothly pass over the first ratchet 6, thus enabling the rotating ring 8 to rotate smoothly counterclockwise. When the rotating ring 8 has a tendency to rotate clockwise, under the action of the first ratchet 6, the pawl 10 has a tendency to rotate around the fixed shaft 9 towards the first baffle 11. However, due to the obstruction of the first baffle 11, the pawl 10 cannot pass over the first ratchet 6, thus making it difficult for the rotating ring 8 to rotate clockwise.

[0043] Similarly, when the pawl 10 engages with the second ratchet 7, the rotating ring 8 can rotate clockwise but not counterclockwise.

[0044] The sliding ring 19 is sleeved on the outer cylinder 14. The outer cylinder 14 is vertically provided with a key groove 15 on the outer circumference, and the sliding ring 19 is fixedly connected with a sliding key 20 which is slidingly arranged in the key groove 15. In the embodiment, the key groove 15 has two, and the two key grooves 15 are symmetrically arranged. Correspondingly, the sliding key 20 has two, and the two sliding keys 20 correspond to the two key grooves 15 one by one, and the sliding key 20 is slidingly arranged in the corresponding key groove 15.

[0045] The sliding block 22 and the sliding ring 19 are hingedly connected with a connecting rod 23. Specifically, the sliding ring 19 and the sliding block 22 are both fixedly provided with a hinged seat 21, and the two ends of the connecting rod 23 are respectively hingedly connected with the two hinged seats 21. The sliding ring 19 slides along the outer cylinder 14, and the sliding block 22 moves along the fixed rod 17 towards or away from the outer cylinder 14.

[0046] The motor 24 is fixedly installed on the workbench 2, and the output shaft of the motor 24 is vertically arranged. The second gear 25 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the motor 24. The second gear 25 is engaged with the first gear 18, the first gear 18 is threadedly connected with the outer cylinder 14, and the first gear 18 is rotationally connected with the sliding ring 19. Specifically, the outer cylinder 14 is provided with an outer thread 16 on the outer circumference, and the first gear 18 is provided with an inner thread matched with the outer thread 16.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] In use, the position of the pulley 27 on the fixed rod 17 is adjusted by sliding the sliding block 22 along the fixed rod 17. The position of the fixed rod 17 is adjusted by rotating the outer cylinder 14.

[0049] When the pawl 10 cooperates with the first ratchet 6, and the sliding block 22 needs to be moved along the fixed rod 17 towards the outer cylinder 14, the motor 24 is started. The second gear 25 rotates, and the second gear 25 drives the first gear 18 to rotate clockwise. Under the action of the first gear 18, the outer cylinder 14 and the rotating ring 8 have a tendency to rotate clockwise, and under the blocking action of the first ratchet 6 and the first baffle 11, the rotating ring 8 is difficult to rotate clockwise. Further, the first gear 18 rotates relative to the outer cylinder 14, and since the first gear 18 is threadedly connected with the outer cylinder 14, the first gear 18 simultaneously moves along the axial direction of the outer cylinder 14, so that the sliding ring 19 moves downward along the outer cylinder 14, and the sliding ring 19 pulls the sliding block 22 through the connecting rod 23, so that the sliding block 22 moves towards the outer cylinder 14.

[0050] When the fixed rod 17 rotates around the axis of the outer cylinder 14, the motor 24 is started to make the second gear 25 rotate reversely, and the first gear 18 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the second gear 25. The outer cylinder 14 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the first gear 18, and the pawl 10 deflects away from the first baffle 11 around the axis of the fixed shaft 9, so that the pawl 10 can pass the first ratchet tooth 6 and the rotating ring 8 can rotate counterclockwise, and the fixed rod 17 can rotate counterclockwise around the axis of the outer cylinder 14.

[0051] By changing the direction of the current in the electromagnet 13, the magnetic pole of the electromagnet 13 is changed, so that the electromagnet 13 and the pawl 10 are attracted, and the pawl 10 moves down along the fixed shaft 9, and then the pawl 10 cooperates with the second ratchet tooth 7.

[0052] Similarly, when the pawl 10 cooperates with the second ratchet tooth 7, the first gear 18 rotates counterclockwise under the drive of the second gear 25, and the rotating ring 8 and the outer cylinder 14 are difficult to rotate counterclockwise under the blocking action of the second ratchet tooth 7 and the second baffle 12, so that the first gear 18 moves up along the outer cylinder 14 while rotating around the outer cylinder 14, the first gear 18 drives the slip ring 19 to move up along the outer cylinder 14, the slip ring 19 drives the sliding block 22 through the connecting rod 23, and the sliding block 22 moves away from the outer cylinder 14 along the fixed rod 17. The first gear 18 rotates clockwise under the drive of the second gear 25, the pawl 10 deflects away from the second baffle 12 around the axis of the fixed shaft 9, so that the pawl 10 can pass the second ratchet tooth 7 and the rotating ring 8 can rotate clockwise, and the fixed rod 17 can rotate clockwise around the axis of the outer cylinder 14.

[0053] That is, when the pawl 10 cooperates with the first ratchet tooth 6, the first gear 18 rotates clockwise, the slip ring 19 moves down along the outer cylinder 14, and the sliding block 22 moves towards the outer cylinder 14 along the fixed rod 17. The first gear 18 rotates counterclockwise, and the fixed rod 17 rotates counterclockwise around the axis of the outer cylinder 14.

[0054] When the pawl 10 cooperates with the second ratchet tooth 7, the first gear 18 rotates counterclockwise, the slip ring 19 moves up along the outer cylinder 14, and the sliding block 22 moves away from the outer cylinder 14 along the fixed rod 17. The first gear 18 rotates clockwise, and the fixed rod 17 rotates clockwise around the axis of the outer cylinder 14.

[0055] The test device in the application can detect the optical fiber 3 with one bending position, and can also detect the optical fiber 3 with two bending positions.

[0056] When the optical fiber 3 with one bending position is tested, one end of the optical fiber 3 is connected with the light source emitter 29, and the other end of the optical fiber 3 is connected with the detector 30 after passing through the outer side of one of the pulleys 27.

[0057] By moving the slider 22 along the fixed rod 17, the bending degree of the optical fiber 3 is adjusted, and the bending loss of the optical fiber 3 under different bending degrees is tested.

[0058] By rotating the outer cylinder 14, the fixed rod 17 is rotated around the outer cylinder 14, the position of the fixed rod 17 is adjusted, the contact position of the pulley 27 with the optical fiber 3 is adjusted, and the bending position of the optical fiber 3 is adjusted, and the influence of different bending positions on the optical fiber 3 is tested.

[0059] The distance between the light source emitter 29 and the detector 30 is adjusted by the hydraulic rod 28, and the optical fiber 3 is in a tension state, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0060] After the adjustment is completed, the light source emitter 29 and the detector 30 are started, and the optical fiber 3 is tested. The light source emitter 29 delivers the light source to the optical fiber 3, the light source is delivered along the bent optical fiber 3 to the detector 30, the detector 30 detects the input light source, and compares and calculates the light source emitted by the light source emitter 29 and the light source received by the detector 30, so as to realize the bending loss detection of the optical fiber 3.

[0061] When two bending positions on the optical fiber 3 are tested, the optical fiber 3 is made to pass from the outside of the two pulleys 27 in turn. And the two ends of the optical fiber 3 are connected with the light source emitter 29 and the detector 30 respectively.

[0062] By rotating the outer cylinder 14, the fixed rod 17 is rotated around the outer cylinder 14, and the bending degree of the optical fiber 3 is adjusted.

[0063] The slider 22 is made to slide along the fixed rod 17, the distance between the two pulleys 27 is adjusted, and the distance between the two bending positions is adjusted.

[0064] The distance between the light source emitter 29 and the detector 30 is adjusted by the hydraulic rod 28, and the optical fiber 3 is in a tension state, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of the test results.

[0065] After the adjustment is completed, the light source emitter 29 and the detector 30 are started, and the optical fiber 3 is tested. The light source emitter 29 delivers the light source to the optical fiber 3, the light source is delivered along the bent optical fiber 3 to the detector 30, the detector 30 detects the input light source, and compares and calculates the light source emitted by the light source emitter 29 and the light source received by the detector 30, so as to realize the bending loss detection of the optical fiber 3.

[0066] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to part of the technical features, as long as they are within the spirit and principles of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An optical fiber testing device, comprising a workbench (2), a light source emitter (29) is slidingly installed at one end of the workbench (2), and a detector (30) is slidingly installed at the other end of the workbench (2); characterized in that: The workbench (2) is provided with an inner tube (4), the inner tube (4) is sleeved with an outer cylinder (14), the outer cylinder (14) is connected with a fixed rod (17), the fixed rod (17) is perpendicular to the axis of the outer cylinder (14), and the fixed rod (17) is slidably provided with a sliding block (22); the sliding block (22) is provided with a pulley (27) matched with the optical fiber (3); the workbench (2) is provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the outer cylinder (14) to rotate and sliding the sliding block (22) along the fixed rod (17).

2. An optical fiber testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed rod (17) has two, two fixed rods (17) are symmetrically arranged, and the sliding block (22) is slidably arranged on each fixed rod (17); each sliding block (22) is provided with a pulley (27).

3. The fiber test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The driving mechanism comprises a connecting assembly and a sliding ring (19) slidably arranged on the outer cylinder (14); the sliding block (22) and the sliding ring (19) are hingedly connected with a connecting rod (23); the outer cylinder (14) is threadedly connected with a first gear (18), and the first gear (18) is rotatably connected with the sliding ring (19); the connecting assembly is arranged between the outer cylinder (14) and the inner tube (4); the connecting assembly enables the outer cylinder (14) to rotate relative to the inner tube (4) in one direction.

4. An optical fiber testing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: The connecting assembly comprises a rotating ring (8) and a ratchet wheel (5); the end of the inner tube (4) is fixedly sleeved with the ratchet wheel (5), the rotating ring (8) is sleeved on the ratchet wheel (5), and the outer cylinder (14) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating ring (8); a plurality of ratchet teeth are circumferentially arranged on the ratchet wheel (5); the inner wall of the rotating ring (8) is rotatably provided with a pawl (10) matched with the ratchet teeth.

5. An optical fiber testing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: The inner wall of the rotating ring (8) is provided with a fixed shaft (9), one end of the pawl (10) is slidably sleeved on the fixed shaft (9), and the rotating ring (8) is provided with a driving member for driving the pawl (10) to slide along the fixed shaft (9); the plurality of ratchet teeth are first ratchet teeth (6) and second ratchet teeth (7); a plurality of first ratchet teeth (6) are circumferentially distributed on the upper end of the ratchet wheel (5), and a plurality of second ratchet teeth (7) are circumferentially distributed on the lower end of the ratchet wheel (5); the inclination directions of the first ratchet teeth (6) and the second ratchet teeth (7) are opposite; the pawl (10) is matched with the first ratchet teeth (6) when being located at the upper end of the fixed shaft (9); the pawl (10) is matched with the second ratchet teeth (7) when being located at the lower end of the fixed shaft (9).

6. An optical fiber testing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: The driving member comprises a permanent magnet and an electromagnet (13), the permanent magnet is arranged in the pawl (10), and the electromagnet (13) is arranged on the rotating ring (8).

7. An optical fiber testing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: The inner wall of the rotating ring (8) is provided with a first baffle (11) and a second baffle (12), the first baffle (11) and the second baffle (12) are separately arranged on the two sides of the fixed shaft (9); the first baffle (11) is matched with the first ratchet teeth (6); and the second baffle (12) is matched with the second ratchet teeth (7).

8. The fiber test apparatus of claim 3, wherein: The driving mechanism further comprises a motor (24) and a second gear (25); the motor (24) is fixedly installed on the workbench (2), and the second gear (25) is installed on an output shaft of the motor (24); the second gear (25) is engaged with the first gear (18).

9. The fiber test apparatus of claim 3, wherein: A key groove (15) is formed in the outer cylinder (14), and a sliding key (20) is fixedly arranged on the slip ring (19) and slidably arranged in the key groove (15).

10. The fiber test apparatus of claim 1, wherein: Hydraulic rods (28) are installed at both ends of the workbench (2), and a light source emitter (29) and a detector (30) are connected with output ends of the same-side hydraulic rods (28).