A negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system and a sorting method

Abstract

The application provides a negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system and a sorting method, and relates to the technical field of coal gangue sorting. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system comprises a material conveyor and an X-ray sorting machine. A plurality of discharge pipes are arranged on the material conveyor in a slanting manner. An air suction source and an air blowing source are connected to the discharge pipes. The X-ray sorting machine, the air suction source and the air blowing source are all signal-connected to a controller. The discharge pipes are connected to a discharge box. A partition plate is arranged in the discharge box in a slanting manner. A discharge plate is hingedly connected to the end of the partition plate. A metal spring plate is connected between the discharge plate and the partition plate. A sieve plate is arranged in the discharge box in a slanting manner. A coal powder outlet and a coal gangue outlet are arranged on the discharge box. The X-ray sorting machine is used to identify the coal gangue. The air suction source and the air blowing source are linked to the controller. The coal gangue can be adsorbed from the mixed material. The coal powder is beneficial to reduce the suspension of the coal powder in the air. Meanwhile, the coal gangue and the coal powder are blown into the discharge box, so that the separation of the coal powder and the coal gangue is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal gangue sorting, in particular to a negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system and a sorting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of coal production and processing, the main by-product is coal gangue, which is a kind of rock with low carbon content and harder than coal, with low calorific value and harmful materials, affecting the overall quality of the product. Therefore, in order to improve the quality of coal, it is necessary to identify and sort coal gangue in time, and how to distinguish and sort coal and coal gangue becomes very important.

[0003] The commonly used identification methods in industrial sites are manual sorting, image recognition, gamma ray identification, etc. These identification methods have their own advantages and production adaptation range, but they also have certain defects or shortcomings. For example, manual sorting has the common problems of high labor intensity, poor working environment and low efficiency; the image recognition method identifies according to the color gray scale of coal and coal gangue, which has the problem of being difficult to identify black coal gangue similar to coal; the gamma ray identification method is difficult to identify coal gangue with a thickness of more than 100mm, and gamma rays have potential hazards to the human body and the environment.

[0004] At present, some existing dry-type coal gangue sorting systems adopt the combination of X-ray identification and high-pressure spraying to realize the identification and sorting of coal gangue. For example, the patent document with the publication number CN114535095B discloses a coal gangue sorting flat device based on dual-energy X-rays. The device uses high-energy X-ray emitters and low-energy X-ray emitters for scanning, and transmits the scanning results to the main control computer for imaging through dual-energy receivers, distinguishes coal and gangue, and sends instructions to control the high-pressure air jet table for air jet. When gangue is distinguished, the air duct corresponding to the position sprays high-pressure gas to blow the gangue into the gangue conveyor belt, and when coal is detected, the air duct is closed, and the coal falls into the coal conveyor belt normally, thereby realizing the sorting of coal and gangue.

[0005] The above-mentioned device uses X-ray to identify coal gangue, and sorts coal gangue by high-pressure spraying. Since coal gangue and coal blocks may be mixed with coal powder, the high-pressure air jet will also blow up the coal powder in the process of blowing up the coal gangue, causing dust pollution, and the coal powder blown up by the high-pressure air jet is difficult to recover, causing waste of coal powder. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides a negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system and a sorting method to solve the technical problem of pollution and waste caused by dust generated by coal powder in the existing coal gangue sorting system.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, one aspect of the present application provides a negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system, comprising a material conveyor and an X-ray sorting machine arranged on the material conveyor, a plurality of discharge pipes capable of adsorbing coal gangue are arranged on the material conveyor in an inclined manner, an air suction source and an air blowing source are connected to the discharge pipes, and the X-ray sorting machine, the air suction source and the air blowing source are all signal-connected with a controller;

[0008] The end of the discharge pipe is connected with a discharge box, the upper end surface of the discharge box is provided with a filter screen, the middle part of the discharge box is provided with a partition plate in an inclined manner, the end of the partition plate is hingedly connected with a discharging plate abutting against the inner wall of the discharge box, a metal spring plate is connected between the discharging plate and the partition plate, a sieve plate is arranged in the discharge box below the partition plate in an inclined manner, the inclined direction of the sieve plate is opposite to that of the partition plate, a coal powder outlet is arranged on the discharge box below the partition plate, and a coal gangue outlet is arranged on the discharge box on one side of the sieve plate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, the coal blocks and coal gangue materials are conveyed by the material conveyor, when the X-ray sorting machine detects that the coal gangue moves below the discharge pipe, the controller controls the air suction source to be turned on, a negative pressure is formed in the discharge pipe and the coal gangue is sucked into the discharge pipe, then the controller controls the air blowing source to be turned on, and the coal gangue in the discharge pipe is blown into the discharge box.

[0010] While the discharge pipe adsorbs the coal gangue, part of the coal powder may also be sucked into the discharge pipe, and the surface of the adsorbed coal gangue also adheres to the coal powder, after the coal powder and the coal gangue are adsorbed in the discharge box, the filter screen intercepts the coal powder, and the coal gangue falls on the inclined partition plate and slides along the partition plate. When the coal gangue falls on the inclined partition plate, the coal gangue collides with the partition plate due to the inertial effect, which is beneficial to the coal powder adhered to the surface of the coal gangue being shaken off. When the coal gangue falls on the discharging plate, since the discharging plate is connected with the partition plate through the metal spring plate, a variable gap is formed between the discharging plate and the inner wall of the discharge box. When the coal gangue compresses the metal spring plate, the gap increases, allowing the coal gangue to pass through, the coal gangue falls on the sieve plate, the coal powder passes through the gap of the sieve plate and is discharged from the coal powder outlet, and the coal gangue is discharged from the coal gangue outlet along the sieve plate, realizing the separation of the coal powder and the coal gangue.

[0011] The present application precisely identifies the coal gangue by means of the X-ray sorting machine, and cooperates with the controller to link the air suction source and the air blowing source, so that the coal gangue can be adsorbed from the mixed materials in a targeted manner. Compared with the existing high-pressure blowing mode, the present application synchronously sucks the coal gangue and the coal powder on the surface of the coal gangue, which is beneficial to reducing the suspension of the coal powder in the air. At the same time, the coal gangue and the coal powder are blown into the discharge box, realizing the separation of the coal powder and the coal gangue, and the coal powder can be recycled and utilized, saving resources.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of V-shaped tooth grooves are arranged on the sieve plate, a plurality of coal gangue discharging grooves are arranged between the end of the sieve plate and the inner wall of the discharge box, and the coal gangue outlet is located below the coal gangue discharging grooves.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the V-shaped tooth groove is arranged on the screen plate, after the coal gangue falls on the screen plate, the coal gangue contacts the tooth groove, the tooth groove has an inclined surface, when the coal gangue hits the inclined surface at a certain speed, a normal pressure perpendicular to the inclined surface and a tangential force along the inclined surface are generated. The tangential force forms a shearing action on the surface coal powder of the coal gangue, which destroys the adhesion between the coal powder and the coal gangue, and is beneficial to the separation of the coal powder from the coal gangue. The coal powder separated from the coal gangue falls along the gap of the screen plate, thereby improving the recycling rate of the coal powder.

[0014] The coal gangue falling along the screen plate moves to the coal gangue discharge groove, and falls to the coal gangue outlet along the coal gangue discharge groove. The discharge grooves are uniformly arranged along the end of the screen plate, which is beneficial to reducing the accumulation of local coal gangue.

[0015] Preferably, the coal powder discharge plate is obliquely arranged below the screen plate in the discharge box, the oblique direction of the coal powder discharge plate is opposite to the oblique direction of the screen plate, and the two ends of the coal powder discharge plate are connected with the screen plate and the coal powder outlet respectively.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, the oblique direction of the screen plate makes the coal gangue roll to one side, and the coal powder discharge plate is reversely inclined to form a V-shaped flow channel with the screen plate. The coal powder falling from the gap on the screen plate falls on the coal powder discharge plate, and then falls to the coal powder outlet along the coal powder discharge plate. The coal powder outlet and the coal gangue discharge groove are located on both sides of the coal powder discharge plate, which is beneficial to reducing the mixing of the coal powder and the coal gangue. The inclination angle of the coal powder discharge plate can be designed according to the flowability of the coal powder. By guiding the coal powder to slide down quickly through a reasonable slope, the coal powder is prevented from being blocked below the screen plate due to its small weight and easy accumulation characteristics.

[0017] Preferably, a discharge pipe communicating with the coal powder outlet is arranged on one side of the discharge box, and an auger is arranged in the discharge pipe. The auger is driven by a driving motor arranged on the discharge box, and one end of the auger is provided with a discharge port.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the coal powder falls into the discharge pipe through the coal powder outlet, the driving motor drives the auger to rotate, and the coal powder in the discharge pipe is transported to the discharge port and discharged from the discharge port, thereby realizing the collection of the coal powder.

[0019] Preferably, the discharge port is located above the conveying belt on the material conveyor, the discharge port is downwardly inclined and faces the conveying belt, and a push plate is obliquely arranged on one side of the discharge port on the discharge pipe. The push plate can push the coal blocks on the conveying belt to move close to the middle part of the conveying belt, so as to leave a space for the coal powder to fall.

[0020] The coal gangue on the conveying belt of the material conveying machine is adsorbed into the discharge pipe and then blown into the discharge box, so that the remaining coal blocks and coal gangue on the conveying belt are separated in the discharge box, the coal powder falls into the discharge pipe and then falls onto the conveying belt from the discharging opening. The push plate pushes the coal blocks on the edge of the conveying belt to the middle, the coal powder falls onto the edge of the conveying belt from the discharging opening to form a layered structure of coal blocks in the middle and coal powder on both sides, which facilitates the recycling of the coal powder and the coal blocks.

[0021] Preferably, the discharge pipe is L-shaped, and a plurality of discharge pipes are symmetrically arranged on the material conveying machine along the center line of the conveying direction of the material conveying machine, and the discharge box is arranged on both sides of the material conveying machine.

[0022] By adopting the above technical scheme, one end of the discharge pipe is located above the conveying belt to adsorb the coal gangue, and the other end is connected to the discharge box. The discharge boxes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the material conveying machine to respectively process the coal gangue on both sides of the conveying belt, which helps to improve the sorting efficiency of the coal gangue.

[0023] Preferably, the angle between the inclined direction of the discharge pipe and the conveying direction of the material conveying machine is θ, and 0°<θ<90°.

[0024] By adopting the above technical scheme, the angle between the inclined direction of the discharge pipe and the conveying direction of the material conveying machine is an acute angle, and the coal gangue is adsorbed in the discharge pipe and then blown into the discharge box. Compared with the vertical arrangement of the discharge pipe above the plastic conveying machine, the inclined arrangement is beneficial to reducing the airflow dead angle and facilitating the stable conveying of the coal gangue under the action of the airflow.

[0025] Preferably, a buffer box is mounted on the discharge pipe and communicates with the discharge pipe, the buffer box is provided with a gas source connector one and a gas source connector two, the gas source connector one is located above the gas source connector two, the gas source connector one is connected to the air suction source through a pipeline, the gas source connector two is connected to the air blowing source through a pipeline, the lower part of the buffer box is provided with an electromagnetic valve for opening and closing the discharge pipe, and the electromagnetic valve is signal-connected to a controller.

[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme, when air suction is performed, the electromagnetic valve hole controls the opening of the discharge pipe, a negative pressure is formed in the buffer box, the coal gangue on the material conveying machine is adsorbed into the buffer box through the discharge pipe, and the grabbing action is completed. When the material is discharged, the electromagnetic valve hole controls the closing of the discharge pipe, the air suction is closed and the air blowing is opened, and the positive pressure airflow impacts upward from the lower part of the buffer box to push the temporarily stored coal gangue in the buffer box into the discharge box, thereby realizing the adsorption and conveying of the coal gangue.

[0027] Preferably, a coal gangue conveying machine is arranged below the coal gangue outlet, and the conveying direction of the coal gangue conveying machine is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the material conveying machine.

[0028] Through the above technical scheme, the coal gangue falling from the coal gangue outlet falls on the coal gangue conveyor, and the coal gangue conveyor realizes conveying of the coal gangue, thereby facilitating collection of the coal gangue.

[0029] In another aspect, the present application provides a negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting method using the above-mentioned negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step one: the coal blocks and coal gangue materials are conveyed by the material conveyor, when the X-ray sorting machine detects that the coal gangue moves below the discharge pipe, the controller controls the suction gas source to open, the coal gangue is sucked into the discharge pipe, and then the controller controls the blowing gas source to open, the coal gangue in the discharge pipe is blown into the discharge box;

[0031] Step two: the coal gangue mixed with coal powder falls on the baffle and compresses the metal spring, so that the discharge plate is deflected and falls on the sieve plate, the coal gangue falls from the coal gangue outlet, and the coal powder falls from the coal powder outlet through the sieve plate.

[0032] Through the above technical scheme, the X-ray sorting machine accurately identifies the coal gangue, and the controller is linked with the suction gas source / blowing gas source, so that the coal gangue can be adsorbed from the mixed materials, compared with the existing high-pressure blowing mode, the coal gangue and the surface coal powder are synchronously sucked in, which is beneficial to reduce the dust generated by the coal powder. The coal powder and the coal gangue are blown into the discharge box, the separation is realized in the discharge box, the mixed coal powder passes through the sieve plate and is recovered from the coal powder outlet, the waste of the coal powder with the coal gangue is avoided, and the utilization rate of the coal powder is improved

[0033] The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme of the present application are as follows:

[0034] 1. The present application uses the X-ray sorting machine to accurately identify the coal gangue, and the controller is linked with the suction gas source and the blowing gas source, so that the coal gangue can be adsorbed from the mixed materials, compared with the existing high-pressure blowing mode, the coal gangue and the surface coal powder are synchronously sucked in, which is beneficial to reduce the dust generated by the coal powder. The coal powder and the coal gangue are blown into the discharge box, the separation is realized in the discharge box, the mixed coal powder passes through the sieve plate and is recovered from the coal powder outlet, the waste of the coal powder with the coal gangue is avoided, and the utilization rate of the coal powder is improved

[0035] 2. When the coal gangue in the discharge box falls on the sieve plate, the sieve plate is provided with a tooth groove, and the coal powder on the surface of the coal gangue is beneficial to be separated from the coal gangue in the process of impacting the tooth groove. The coal powder separated from the coal gangue falls along the gap of the sieve plate, thereby improving the recycling rate of the coal powder.

[0036] 3. The lower part of the screen is provided with a coal powder discharge plate, the inclination direction of the coal powder discharge plate is opposite to the inclination direction of the screen, the coal powder falling from the gap on the screen falls on the coal powder discharge plate, the coal powder falls along the coal powder discharge plate to the coal powder outlet, and the coal powder outlet and the coal gangue discharge chute are located on the two sides of the coal powder discharge plate, which is beneficial to reduce the mixing of coal powder and coal gangue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the discharge pipe and discharge box located on the conveying belt of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a top view of the discharge pipe and discharge box located on the conveying belt of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the sectional view of A-A;

[0041] Figure 5 It is Figure 3 the enlarged view of B;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the discharge box of the present application along the vertical direction;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a partial sectional view of the discharge box of the present application along the vertical direction;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a bottom view of the partition plate of the present application.

[0045] In the figure: 1, material conveyor; 11, conveying belt; 2, X-ray sorting machine; 3, vibrating machine; 4, cloth distribution table; 5, discharge pipe; 51, buffer box; 52, air source joint one; 53, air source joint two; 6, discharge box; 61, filter screen; 62, inner wall one; 63, inner wall two; 64, partition plate; 641, discharge plate; 642, metal spring piece; 65, screen; 651, tooth groove; 66, coal gangue discharge chute; 67, coal gangue outlet; 68, coal powder discharge plate; 69, coal powder outlet; 7, coal gangue conveyor; 8, discharge pipe; 81, auger; 82, driving motor; 83, discharge port; 84, push plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the following will combine the drawings of the embodiments of the present application to make a detailed description. Figures 1-8 The technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application is clearly and completely described.

[0047] EMBODIMENT

[0048] The embodiment provides a negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system, which comprises a material conveyor 1 and an X-ray sorting machine 2. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks.

[0049] As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks.

[0050] As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks.

[0051] As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks.

[0052] As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks.

[0053] As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks.

[0054] As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the material conveyor 1 is used for conveying a mixture of coal gangue and coal blocks.As shown, when the X-ray sorting machine 2 detects that the coal gangue moves below the discharge pipe 5, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to open, so that the discharge pipe 5 and the buffer box 51 are communicated, at the same time, the controller controls the air suction source to open, and a negative pressure is formed in the discharge pipe 5 and the buffer box 51, so that the coal gangue below the discharge pipe 5 is sucked into the buffer box 51. Then, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to close, so that the discharge pipe 5 is closed, and the controller controls the air blowing source to open, so that the coal gangue in the buffer box 51 is blown into the discharge box 6. Compared with the existing high-pressure blowing mode, the coal gangue and the coal powder on the surface thereof are synchronously sucked in, which is beneficial to reduce the suspension of the coal powder in the air, reduce the dust generated by the coal powder, and thus reduce the pollution of the dust.

[0055] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the upper end surface of the discharge box 6 is provided with a filter screen 61, and the middle part of the discharge box 6 is provided with a partition plate 64 in a slope. The opposite two inner walls of the discharge box 6 are marked as inner wall one 62 and inner wall two 63.

[0056] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 8 , one end of the partition plate 64 is fixedly connected to the inner wall two 63 of the discharge box 6, and the other end of the partition plate 64 is hingedly connected with a plurality of discharge plates 641, the discharge plates 641 can abut against the inner wall one 62 of the discharge box 6, and the partition plate 64 gradually inclines downward from the one end close to the inner wall two 63 to the other end away from the inner wall two 63. A metal spring 642 is connected between the discharge plate 641 and the partition plate 64, and the number of the metal spring 642 is consistent with the number of the discharge plate 641.

[0057] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a sieve plate 65 is provided below the partition plate 64 in the discharge box 6 in a slope, and the slope direction of the sieve plate 65 is opposite to that of the partition plate 64. One end of the sieve plate 65 is fixedly connected to the inner wall one 62 of the discharge box 6, and the other end of the sieve plate 65 and the inner wall two 63 of the discharge box 6 are provided with a plurality of coal gangue discharge grooves 66 for the coal gangue to fall, that is, the coal gangue discharge grooves 66 are arranged on the side close to the inner wall two 63 of the discharge box 6. The sieve plate 65 gradually inclines downward from the one end close to the inner wall one 62 to the other end away from the inner wall one 62.

[0058] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a coal gangue outlet 67 is arranged below the coal gangue discharge groove 66 at the lower part of the discharge box 6, and the coal gangue discharge groove 66 is communicated with the coal gangue outlet 67.

[0059] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, coal gangue is adsorbed in the discharge box 6, falls on the inclined partition plate 64, and slides along the partition plate 64 under the action of gravity. When the coal gangue falls on the discharge plate 641, the discharge plate 641 and the inner wall one 62 of the discharge box 6 form a variable gap because the discharge plate 641 is hinged with the partition plate 64 and a metal spring 642 is connected between the two. When the coal gangue compresses the metal spring 642, the gap increases, allowing the coal gangue to pass through, and the coal gangue falls on the sieve plate 65 and the coal gangue discharge chute 66.

[0060] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the coal gangue discharge chute 66 is located below the coal gangue outlet 67, and the coal gangue discharge chute 66 is located below the coal gangue outlet 67.

[0061] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the coal gangue falling from the coal gangue outlet 67 falls on the coal gangue conveyor 7, and the coal gangue conveyor 7 realizes the conveying of the coal gangue, facilitating the collection of the coal gangue.

[0062] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the coal gangue discharge plate 68 is inclined below the sieve plate 65 in the discharge box 6, and the inclination direction of the coal gangue discharge plate 68 is opposite to that of the sieve plate 65. One end of the coal gangue discharge plate 68 is fixedly connected with the connection of the sieve plate 65 and the coal gangue discharge chute 66, and the other end of the coal gangue discharge plate 68 is fixedly connected with the inner wall one 62 of the discharge box 6. The coal powder gradually inclines downward from one end close to the inner wall two 63 to the other end away from the inner wall two 63. The inclination angle of the coal powder discharge plate 68 can be designed according to the flowability of the coal powder, and the coal powder can be quickly guided to slide down through a reasonable slope, which is beneficial to reduce the blockage of the coal powder below the sieve plate 65 due to the characteristics of small gravity and easy accumulation.

[0063] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the coal powder outlet 69 is provided on the inner wall one 62 of the discharge box 6, and the coal powder outlet 69 is located above the coal powder discharge plate 641 and at the connection between the coal powder discharge plate 641 and the inner wall one 62, that is, the two ends of the coal powder discharge plate 68 are connected with the sieve plate 65 and the coal powder outlet 69 respectively.

[0064] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the discharge pipe 5 may suck part of the coal powder into the discharge pipe 5 while sucking the coal gangue, and the surface of the sucked coal gangue may also stick with the coal powder. After the coal gangue and the coal powder are sucked into the discharge box 6, the filter screen 61 intercepts the coal powder. When the coal gangue falls on the inclined partition plate 64, the coal gangue collides with the partition plate 64 due to inertia, which is beneficial to shake off the coal powder adhered to the surface of the coal gangue. When the coal gangue falls through the gap between the discharge plate 641 and the inner wall one 62 to the sieve plate 65, the coal gangue collides with the sieve plate 65, which is beneficial to shake off the coal powder adhered to the coal gangue again.

[0065] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the sieve plate 65 is provided with a plurality of V-shaped tooth grooves 651, and the tooth groove 651 has an inclined surface. When the coal gangue contacts the tooth groove 651 and collides with the inclined surface at a certain speed, a normal pressure perpendicular to the inclined surface and a tangential force along the inclined surface are generated. The tangential force forms a shearing action on the coal powder on the surface of the coal gangue, which helps to destroy the adhesion between the coal powder and the coal gangue, and is beneficial to the coal powder on the surface of the coal gangue to separate from the coal gangue, thereby improving the recycling rate of the coal powder.

[0066] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the sieve plate 65 is provided with a gap, and the coal powder separated from the coal gangue falls through the gap of the sieve plate 65 to the coal powder discharge plate 68, and then falls to the coal powder outlet 69. Since the coal powder outlet 69 is arranged on one side close to the inner wall one 62 of the discharge box 6, and the coal gangue discharge chute 66 is arranged on one side close to the inner wall two 63 of the discharge box 6, that is, the coal powder outlet 69 and the coal gangue discharge chute 66 are located on both sides of the coal powder discharge plate 68, which is beneficial to reduce the mixing of the coal powder and the coal gangue.

[0067] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , one side of the discharge box 6 close to the coal powder outlet 69 is provided with a discharge pipe 8 communicating with the coal powder outlet 69. The axial direction of the discharge pipe 8 is parallel to the conveying direction of the material conveyor 1. A screw 81 is installed in the discharge pipe 8. The screw 81 is driven by a driving motor 82 arranged on the discharge box 6. One end of the screw 81 is provided with a discharge port 83.

[0068] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the discharge port 83 is located above the conveying belt 11 on the material conveyor 1. The discharge port 83 is downwardly inclined and faces the conveying belt 11, that is, the two discharge ports 83 on both sides of the conveying belt 11 are close to each other from top to bottom.

[0069] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the push plate 84 is obliquely arranged on one side of the discharge port 83 of the discharge pipe 8. In the conveying direction of the material conveyor 1, the discharge pipe 8, the push plate 84 and the discharge port 83 are arranged in sequence. In the conveying direction of the material conveyor 1, the two push plates 84 on both sides of the conveying belt 11 gradually approach each other, and the push plate 84 can push the coal blocks on the conveying belt 11 to move to the position close to the middle of the conveying belt 11, so as to leave a space on the conveying belt 11 for the coal powder to fall.

[0070] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the coal powder falls into the discharge pipe 8 through the coal powder outlet 69, the drive motor 82 drives the auger 81 to rotate, and the coal powder in the discharge pipe 8 is conveyed to the discharge port 83 and discharged onto the conveying belt 11 of the material conveyor 1 from the discharge port 83. Since the coal gangue on the conveying belt 11 of the material conveyor 1 is adsorbed into the discharge pipe 5 and then blown into the discharge box 6, and then falls onto the coal gangue conveyor 7 through the coal gangue outlet 67. In this way, the coal blocks are left on the conveying belt 11, the push plate 84 pushes the coal blocks on the edge of the conveying belt 11 to the middle, the coal powder falls from the discharge port 83 to the edge of the conveying belt 11 to form the middle coal blocks, and the layered structure of the coal powder on both sides facilitates the recovery of the coal powder and the coal blocks.

[0071] A negative pressure suction material coal gangue sorting method using the above-mentioned negative pressure suction material coal gangue sorting system, comprising the following steps:

[0072] Step one: as shown in Figure 1 , the vibration machine 3 is used for vibrating and screening the coal gangue and coal blocks, and the coal blocks and coal gangue materials in the size range that can be handled are screened out, and the coal blocks and coal gangue materials fall on the material conveyor 1 through the distribution table 4.

[0073] Step two: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the coal blocks and coal gangue materials are conveyed by the material conveyor 1, when the X-ray sorting machine 2 detects that the coal gangue moves below the discharge pipe 5, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve and the air suction source to open, the discharge pipe 5 and the buffer box 51 are communicated and form a negative pressure, and the coal gangue below the discharge pipe 5 is adsorbed into the buffer box 51; then, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to close and controls the air blowing source to open, and the coal gangue in the buffer box 51 is blown into the discharge box 6.

[0074] Step three: as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown, the coal gangue doped with coal powder falls on the partition plate 64 after reaching the discharge box 6, and under the action of its own gravity, the coal gangue slides along the partition plate 64, when the coal gangue falls on the discharge plate 641, since the discharge plate 641 is hinged with the partition plate 64 and a metal spring 642 is connected between the two, a variable gap is formed between the discharge plate 641 and the inner wall one 62 of the discharge box 6; when the coal gangue compresses the metal spring 642, the gap increases, the coal gangue passes through the gap and falls on the sieve plate 65, the coal gangue falls along the sieve plate 65 and from the coal gangue discharge chute 66 to the coal gangue outlet 67, the coal gangue falling from the coal gangue outlet 67 falls on the coal gangue conveyor 7, and the coal gangue conveyor 7 realizes the conveying of the coal gangue.

[0075] Step four: as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the coal powder and coal gangue are adsorbed in the discharge box 6, the filter screen 61 intercepts the coal powder, when the coal gangue falls on the inclined partition plate 64, collision with the partition plate 64 is caused, which is beneficial to the coal powder adhered on the surface being shaken off; when the coal gangue falls on the sieve plate 65 through the gap between the discharge plate 641 and the inner wall one 62, collision with the tooth groove 651 on the sieve plate 65 is caused, which is beneficial to the coal powder adhered on the coal gangue being separated again; then the coal powder falls along the gap of the sieve plate 65 to the coal powder discharge plate 68, the coal powder falls along the coal powder discharge plate 68 to the coal powder outlet 69, the coal powder falls through the coal powder outlet 69 into the discharge pipe 8, the driving motor 82 drives the auger 81 to rotate, the coal powder in the discharge pipe 8 is conveyed to the discharge opening 83, and is discharged from the discharge opening 83 to the conveying belt 11 of the material conveying machine 1.

[0076] In addition, it also needs to be explained that in the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements.

Claims

1. A negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system comprising a material conveyor (1) and an X-ray sorting machine (2) arranged on the material conveyor (1), characterized in that: The material conveying machine (1) is provided with a plurality of discharge pipes (5) capable of adsorbing coal gangue and inclined on the material conveying machine (1), the discharge pipes (5) are connected with an air suction source and an air blowing source, the X-ray sorting machine (2), the air suction source and the air blowing source are all signal connected with the controller; The end of the discharge pipe (5) is connected with a discharge box (6), the upper end surface of the discharge box (6) is provided with a filter screen (61), the middle part of the discharge box (6) is provided with a partition plate (64) inclined, the end of the partition plate (64) is hinged with a discharging plate (641) abutting against the inner wall of the discharge box (6), the discharging plate (641) and the partition plate (64) are connected with a metal spring (642), the discharge box (6) is provided with a sieve plate (65) inclined below the partition plate (64), the inclined direction of the sieve plate (65) is opposite to that of the partition plate (64), the discharge box (6) is provided with a coal powder outlet (69) below the partition plate (64), and the discharge box (6) is provided with a coal gangue outlet (67) on one side of the sieve plate (65).

2. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve plate (65) is provided with a plurality of V-shaped tooth grooves (651), and the end of the sieve plate (65) and the inner wall of the discharge box (6) are provided with a plurality of coal gangue discharging grooves (66), and the coal gangue outlet (67) is located below the coal gangue discharging groove (66).

3. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge box (6) is provided with a coal powder discharging plate (68) inclined below the sieve plate (65), the inclined direction of the coal powder discharging plate (68) is opposite to that of the sieve plate (65), and the two ends of the coal powder discharging plate (68) are connected with the sieve plate (65) and the coal powder outlet (69) respectively.

4. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the discharge box (6) is provided with a discharging pipe (8) communicated with the coal powder outlet (69), the discharging pipe (8) is provided with an auger (81), the auger (81) is driven by a driving motor (82) arranged on the discharge box (6), and one end of the auger (81) is provided with a discharging port (83).

5. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The discharging port (83) is located above the conveying belt (11) on the material conveying machine (1), the discharging port (83) is inclined downward and faces the conveying belt (11), and a push plate (84) is arranged on one side of the discharging pipe (8) below the discharging port (83), the push plate (84) can push the coal blocks on the conveying belt (11) to move close to the middle part of the conveying belt (11), so that a space is left on the conveying belt (11) for the coal powder to fall.

6. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge pipe (5) is L-shaped, the middle line of the material conveying machine (1) is along the conveying direction of the material conveying machine (1), a plurality of discharge pipes (5) are symmetrically arranged on the material conveying machine (1), and two discharge boxes (6) are arranged on the two sides of the material conveying machine (1) respectively.

7. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined direction of the discharge pipe (5) and the conveying direction of the material conveying machine (1) is θ, and 0°<θ<90°.

8. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The discharge pipe (5) is provided with a buffer box (51) communicated with the discharge pipe (5), the buffer box (51) is provided with a gas source connector one (52) and a gas source connector two (53), the gas source connector one (52) is located above the gas source connector two (53), the gas source connector one (52) is connected with the suction gas source through a pipeline, the gas source connector two (53) is connected with the blowing gas source through a pipeline, the lower part of the buffer box (51) is provided with an electromagnetic valve for opening and closing the discharge pipe (5), and the electromagnetic valve is signal connected with the controller.

9. The negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The coal gangue outlet (67) is provided with a coal gangue conveyor (7) below, and the conveying direction of the coal gangue conveyor (7) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the material conveyor (1).

10. A method of negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting, using the negative pressure suction coal gangue sorting system of claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step one: the coal block and the coal gangue material are conveyed by the material conveyor (1), when the X-ray separator (2) detects that the coal gangue moves below the discharge pipe (5), the controller controls the suction gas source to open, the coal gangue is sucked into the discharge pipe (5), then the controller controls the blowing gas source to open, and the coal gangue in the discharge pipe (5) is blown into the discharge box (6); Step two: the coal gangue mixed with coal powder falls on the partition plate (64) and compresses the metal spring (642), so that the discharge plate (641) is deflected and falls on the sieve plate (65), the coal gangue falls from the coal gangue outlet (67), and the coal powder falls from the coal powder outlet (69) through the sieve plate (65).

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