A high-efficiency denitrification filter

Abstract

The present application relates to sewage denitrification treatment technical field, specifically to a kind of high-efficiency denitrification filter, including filter water pool body, water inlet groove, water supply groove, reaction cavity, filter baffle, water guide assembly, outlet pipe, backwashing component, overflow notch, collection tank and control assembly;The inside of the filter water pool body is provided with multiple reaction cavities, the reaction cavities are parallelly arranged between each other, the water inlet groove is opened in the upper portion of filter water pool body, the water supply groove is arranged on the top of reaction cavity, the filter baffle is installed at the bottom of reaction cavity, the water guide assembly is installed below filter baffle, the outlet pipe is installed in the side of water guide assembly, the backwashing component is arranged on the outer side of water inlet groove, the overflow notch is opened in the side of filter water pool body, the collection tank is arranged outside overflow notch, and the control assembly is installed inside reaction cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater denitrification treatment technology, specifically to a high-efficiency denitrification filter. Background Technology

[0002] In urban wastewater treatment and advanced industrial wastewater treatment, denitrification is a crucial step in achieving stable and compliant water quality discharge. Traditional biological filter processes rely on the biofilm on the filter media surface for nitrification and denitrification reactions to remove ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen. However, with increased operating time, the filter media pores gradually become clogged with suspended solids, leading to increased head loss and affecting effluent quality, usually necessitating backwashing. Most existing filters rely on timed backwashing, triggering the backwashing process at preset time intervals. While this method can restore filter performance to some extent, it has significant limitations. Due to large fluctuations in water quality and quantity, the degree of clogging and operating status of the filter are difficult to maintain consistent. Timed backwashing often results in problems of "backwashing too early" or "backwashing too late": too early backwashing increases energy and water consumption, while too late backwashing leads to excessive filter resistance or even filter media caking, resulting in decreased denitrification efficiency. Therefore, existing technologies struggle to dynamically determine the optimal backwashing time based on the actual operating status of the filter, thus affecting the overall efficient and stable operation of the filter.

[0003] While some existing improved filters can enhance cleaning efficiency through backwashing, the process is often overly complex, requiring the coordinated operation of multiple devices. For example, common backwashing methods often necessitate the simultaneous operation of blowers, booster pumps, valve switching systems, and control units to complete the backwashing action. This multi-stage, multi-device linkage not only increases the initial investment cost but also raises the difficulty of operation and maintenance. In practical applications, large-scale wastewater treatment plants, with their sophisticated electromechanical equipment and professional maintenance personnel, can barely guarantee the normal operation of the backwashing process. However, for some small and medium-sized treatment scenarios, complex backwashing systems are unsuitable. This is because: firstly, a large number of devices means a significant increase in energy consumption and operating costs, making it difficult to meet the low-cost operation requirements of small and medium-sized treatment plants; secondly, the coordinated control between multiple devices is prone to malfunction or failure, causing the filters to fail to complete backwashing on time, thus affecting water quality stability. It is evident that existing filters suffer from significant drawbacks during backwashing, including high equipment dependence, complex operation, and limited applicability to small-scale or distributed water treatment scenarios. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a high-efficiency denitrification filter that features a simplified structure, high operational efficiency, and the ability to automatically perform backwashing based on the filter's condition, in order to address these shortcomings.

[0004] In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a high-efficiency denitrification filter, which solves the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical objective of this invention is to design a high-efficiency denitrification filter that has a simplified structure, high operating efficiency, and can automatically perform backwashing according to the filter's condition, thereby improving the denitrification efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A high-efficiency denitrification filter includes a filter body, an inlet tank, a delivery tank, a reaction chamber, filter baffles, a water guiding assembly, an outlet pipe, a backwashing assembly, an overflow outlet, a collection tank, and a control assembly.

[0008] The filter tank body has multiple reaction chambers arranged in parallel with each other. Each reaction chamber is independent of the others. When a reaction chamber needs backwashing, the other reaction chambers continue to work without affecting the overall working efficiency and ensuring the continuity of work. The water inlet tank is located in the upper part of the filter tank body, the water delivery tank is located above the reaction chamber, the filter baffle is installed at the bottom of the reaction chamber, the water guiding assembly is installed below the filter baffle, the water outlet pipe is installed on the side of the water guiding assembly, the backwashing assembly is located on the outer side of the water inlet tank, the overflow outlet is located on the side of the filter tank body, the collection tank is located outside the overflow outlet, and the control assembly is installed inside the reaction chamber.

[0009] Long-term use of the filter layer in a certain reaction chamber increases resistance, making it difficult for water to flow through the filter media. The water level inside the reaction chamber rises, and the control float in the control assembly is driven upward by buoyancy. The control valve block blocks the control slot, and the water supply tank above this reaction chamber stops receiving water. The overflow valve block slides upward in the overflow slot, connecting the transition channel, connecting channel, and bypass channel. Compressed air is introduced into the guide pipe by the dual-media pump. Strong air bubbles pass upward through the filter media layer in the reaction chamber, violently agitating and rubbing the filter media. The filtered water is then transported to the bottom of the filter baffle through the water inlet pipe for backwashing. The powerful upward water flow causes the filter media layer to expand rapidly and fluidize. The filter media particles are suspended, tumble, and rub against each other in the upward water flow, thoroughly washing away the impurities trapped on their surface. Wastewater enters the collection tank through the overflow slot for collection and treatment.

[0010] As one of the preferred options, an inlet pipe is installed on the side of the inlet tank, which is responsible for sending sewage into the delivery tank. Diversion slots are opened on both sides of the delivery tank. The diversion slots are arranged in a linear array to achieve uniform water delivery, ensure uniform reaction in the entire reaction chamber, and improve filtration efficiency.

[0011] As one preferred embodiment, the interior of the reaction chamber is filled with a filter layer, which is configured as two layers. The upper layer is an activated carbon filter layer, which is used to adsorb impurities and small particles. The lower layer is a quartz sand filter layer. The surface of the quartz sand is uneven, and the larger contact area allows more microorganisms to adhere to it, thereby performing biological filtration.

[0012] As one preferred embodiment, the water filter tank body includes a connecting channel and a bypass channel; the connecting channel is opened inside the side wall of the water filter tank body, the lower end of the connecting channel is opened above the overflow trough, and the upper end of the connecting channel is connected to the backwashing assembly. The dual-media pump in the backwashing assembly compresses the clean water or outside air in the outlet pipe into the connecting channel for backwashing. One end of the bypass channel is opened on the side of the overflow trough, and the bypass channel is arranged around the overflow trough. The bypass channel delivers gas and liquid media into the supply channel.

[0013] As one of the preferred options, the water delivery tank includes a control opening, a limiting groove, and a sliding groove;

[0014] The control slot is located on the side of the water supply tank and is used to place the control valve block to control the water inlet of the water supply tank. The limiting slot is located on both sides of the control slot and is used to cooperate with the limiting block to ensure the movement trajectory of the control valve block. The sliding slot is located below the control slot and is used to accommodate the sliding rod for sliding.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the filter baffle is provided with filter holes on its upper surface. The filter holes are arranged in a rectangular array and are used to intercept the quartz sand filter layer to prevent the quartz sand from entering the water guiding component.

[0016] As one preferred embodiment, the water guiding assembly includes a water guiding pipe, a backwash hole, and a supply channel;

[0017] The water guide pipe is installed below the filter baffle. The cross-sectional shape of the water guide pipe is set to semi-circular. The top end of the water guide pipe is connected to the water outlet pipe. The backwash hole is opened on the inner side of the water guide pipe. The supply channel is opened inside the water guide pipe. During the backwashing process, the supply channel transports the gas and liquid media into the reaction chamber through the backwash hole.

[0018] As one preferred embodiment, the backwashing assembly includes a dual-media pump and a water inlet pipe;

[0019] The dual-media pump is installed on the side of the filter tank body. The dual-media pump can compress and transport the liquid medium in the water inlet pipe and the outside air. The water inlet pipe is installed on the inner side of the dual-media pump, and one end of the water inlet pipe is installed inside the water outlet pipe, thereby ensuring that the liquid input into the reaction chamber by the dual-media pump is purified water.

[0020] As one of the preferred options, the control assembly includes a control float, a sliding rod, a control valve block, and a limit block;

[0021] The control float is located inside the reaction chamber and has a hollow internal structure. During normal filtration, suspended particles, colloids, algae, and other impurities in the water are trapped by the filter layer. Over time, these impurities accumulate in the filter media, causing the water level to rise. This allows the control float to lift the control valve block. The sliding rod is mounted on top of the control float, and the control valve block is mounted on top of the sliding rod. After the control float rises, the control valve block cuts off the wastewater supply to the water tank above the reaction chamber. A limiting block is mounted on the side of the control valve block, and the limiting block has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape.

[0022] As one preferred embodiment, the control assembly further includes a connecting rod, an overflow valve block, a connector, and a transition channel;

[0023] The connecting rod is installed on the side of the control floating plate, the overflow valve block is installed on the side of the connecting rod, the overflow valve block controls the opening of the overflow slot, and connects the connecting channel and the bypass channel after moving upward. The connector is installed on the top of the overflow valve block, and the transition channel is opened in the middle of the connector and the overflow valve block.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] (1) This invention, by setting multiple independent reaction chambers inside the filter tank, ensures that the operation of each reaction chamber does not affect the normal operation of other reaction chambers when it enters the backwashing state alone, thereby guaranteeing the continuous treatment capacity of the filter tank. This independent chamber structure not only improves the overall treatment efficiency of the system, but also avoids the water quality fluctuation problem caused by the shutdown of traditional filter tanks due to single-chamber backwashing. At the same time, the layered filter media design in the reaction chamber enables the upper activated carbon filter layer to effectively adsorb suspended particles, colloids and micro impurities, while the lower quartz sand filter layer achieves biological filtration and denitrification through surface microbial attachment, thereby significantly improving the water purification effect. The entire filter tank maintains high denitrification efficiency while ensuring continuous operation and stable effluent water quality, providing a highly adaptable solution for wastewater treatment scenarios of large, medium and small scales.

[0026] (2) The backwashing component and control component of this invention work together to achieve automated and intelligent backwashing. The control float drives the control valve block to cut off the incoming water according to the water level change. The connecting rod and the overflow valve block connect the connecting channel and the bypass channel. The dual-media pump injects clean water and compressed air into the reaction chamber, which makes the filter media fluidize rapidly and the particles roll and rub, thoroughly cleaning the attached impurities. Through this air-water combined backwashing method, not only is the cleaning efficiency improved, but the problems of filter media caking and uneven local flushing are also avoided, ensuring the long-term water permeability of the filter layer and the activity of the biofilm, thereby extending the service life of the filter and reducing the operation and maintenance costs.

[0027] (3) The water guiding component, water delivery tank, water inlet tank, and filter baffle of the present invention are reasonably coordinated to achieve uniform water flow distribution and stable support for the filter media. The semi-circular design of the water delivery tank diversion channel and the water guide pipe ensures that the water in the reaction chamber enters the filter media layer evenly. The rectangular array holes of the filter baffle block the quartz sand from entering the water guiding component, ensuring smooth water flow and stable filter media during backwashing. The overall design makes the filter structure compact and easy to operate, reducing system complexity and energy consumption. It is particularly suitable for small and medium-sized treatment plants and distributed sewage treatment scenarios, achieving a combination of efficient denitrification and automated management, and significantly improving the reliability and applicability of the filter operation. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] The above and other aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the control component of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single reaction chamber of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0036] Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the control component structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sewage flow direction according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the connecting flow channel and the bypass flow channel of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Filter tank body; 101. Connecting channel; 102. Circulating channel; 2. Inlet tank; 3. Inlet pipe; 4. Supply tank; 401. Control slot; 402. Limiting slot; 403. Sliding slot; 5. Diversion slot; 6. Reaction chamber; 7. Filter baffle; 701. Filter hole; 8. Water guiding assembly; 801. Water guiding pipe; 802. Backwash hole; 803. Supply channel; 9. Outlet pipe; 10. Backwash assembly; 1001. Dual-media pump; 1002. Water inlet pipe; 11. Overflow slot; 12. Collection tank; 13. Control assembly; 1301. Control float; 1302. Sliding rod; 1303. Control valve block; 1304. Limiting block; 1305. Connecting rod; 1306. Overflow valve block; 1307. Connector; 1308. Transition channel. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0042] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a high-efficiency denitrification filter includes several key components such as a filter tank body 1, an inlet tank 2, a water delivery tank 4, a reaction chamber 6, a filter baffle 7, a water guiding assembly 8, an outlet pipe 9, a backwashing assembly 10, an overflow outlet 11, a collection tank 12, and a control assembly 13. The filter tank body 1 serves as the main frame of the entire device, supporting multiple independent reaction chambers 6 and related functional components. The reaction chambers 6 are arranged in parallel within the filter tank body 1, each independent and without interference. When one reaction chamber 6 becomes clogged due to long-term operation and needs to enter backwashing mode, the other reaction chambers 6 continue normal filtration operation, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of the entire filter system and preventing the overall treatment efficiency from being affected by the cleaning of a single reaction chamber 6. This independent operation and non-interference design gives the filter good adaptability and high efficiency in high-flow-rate continuous treatment processes.

[0043] The inlet tank 2 is located on the upper part of the filter tank body 1, mainly used to receive the external water flow to be treated, and to evenly distribute the raw water to each delivery tank 4 through a reasonable structural design. The delivery tank 4 is located above each reaction chamber 6, which can guide the water flow into the corresponding reaction chamber 6, ensuring that the water flow distribution is uniform and stable. A filter baffle 7 is installed at the bottom of each reaction chamber 6. The main function of the baffle is to support the filter media layer, and at the same time, it plays the role of isolating and guiding the water flow during backwashing. The water guiding component 8 is located below the filter baffle 7 and is connected to the outlet pipe 9. It is used to collect the clean water purified by the filter media layer under normal filtration conditions and transport it to the subsequent treatment or discharge stage. The outlet pipe 9 is installed on the side of the water guiding component 8, forming the final outlet path of the water flow, ensuring smooth water discharge.

[0044] A backwashing assembly 10 is provided on the outer surface of the filter tank body 1, which functions when cleaning is required. An overflow outlet 11 is located on the side wall of the filter tank body 1. During backwashing or filter media expansion, excess water and entrained contaminants can be discharged through the overflow outlet 11 and enter the collection tank 12 located on its outer side. The collection tank 12 is used to collect wastewater and suspended impurities during the backwashing process, preventing secondary pollution to the surrounding environment and facilitating subsequent unified treatment. A control assembly 13 is arranged inside the reaction chamber 6. This assembly typically consists of a control float 1301, a control valve block 1303, and related transmission mechanisms. It is mainly used to sense the water level and operating status of the reaction chamber 6 in real time and automatically trigger corresponding control actions.

[0045] After prolonged use, the pores of the filter layer in a reaction chamber 6 gradually become clogged with suspended solids, significantly increasing the resistance to water flow through the filter media. As a result, the water flow rate through the filter media slows down, and the water level inside the reaction chamber 6 gradually rises. When the water level reaches a certain height, the control float 1301 in the control assembly 13 is forced upwards by buoyancy, thereby causing the control valve block 1303 to block the control slot 401, stopping the water supply to the water tank 4 above the reaction chamber 6. Simultaneously, the overflow valve block 1306 located in the overflow slot 11 slides upwards under the force of the water flow, gradually opening the transition channel 1308, the connecting channel 101, and the bypass channel 102, connecting them to each other and creating conditions for backwashing. At this time, the dual-media pump 1001 starts, introducing high-pressure compressed air into the guide pipe 801. Strong air bubbles continuously flow upwards through the filter media layer in the reaction chamber 6. A large number of bubbles expand rapidly and generate strong disturbances, causing the filter media particles to be violently agitated and rub against each other under the combined action of water flow and bubbles, thereby effectively stripping away suspended solids and impurities trapped on their surface.

[0046] During this process, a certain amount of clean water is delivered to the area below the filter baffle 7 through the water inlet pipe 1002, where it interacts with the airflow to form a powerful upward water flow. This upward water flow causes the filter media layer to expand rapidly, fluidizing it. The fluidized filter media particles are suspended, tumbling, colliding, and rubbing against each other, thoroughly washing away dirt and deposits adhering to the particle surface. Unlike traditional backwashing, this combined air-water backwashing method not only significantly improves cleaning efficiency but also prevents filter media caking, thus maintaining good permeability and biofilm activity. Finally, the removed impurities are carried by the water flow through the overflow outlet 11 into the collection tank 12 for centralized discharge and treatment, effectively preventing them from re-entering the filter bed.

[0047] Through the coordination of the above structure and working process, this high-efficiency denitrification filter maintains continuous filtration while achieving automatic switching and independent backwashing of each individual reaction chamber 6, greatly improving the overall operational flexibility and reliability. The system can complete filter media cleaning without shutdown, ensuring long-term stable operation of the filter and effectively solving problems such as complex backwashing processes, operational interruptions, and excessive energy consumption in traditional filter systems.

[0048] An inlet pipe 3 is installed on the side of the inlet tank 2, which is connected to an external water source. Its main function is to stably transport untreated wastewater into the delivery tank 4. The inlet pipe 3 ensures that wastewater enters smoothly under different flow conditions, preventing impact flow. The delivery tank 4 is located above the reaction chamber 6, and its relatively open interior space allows for buffering and distributing of the incoming water flow. Diversion channels 5 are provided on both sides of the delivery tank 4 in a linear array, allowing water to enter the reaction chamber 6 below in multiple uniform streams. This array-type diversion structure effectively avoids the problem of excessive local load caused by concentrated water flow, ensuring that wastewater is evenly diffused throughout the reaction chamber 6, guaranteeing consistent reaction conditions, and thus making the biological reaction process in the filter more complete, further improving the overall filtration and denitrification efficiency.

[0049] The reaction chamber 6 is filled with a filter layer, which adopts a layered structure design to improve the removal efficiency of different types of pollutants in wastewater. Specifically, the filter layer consists of two layers: an upper activated carbon filter layer and a lower quartz sand filter layer. The activated carbon filter layer has a well-developed microporous structure and strong adsorption capacity, effectively intercepting suspended impurities, colloidal particles, and some organic pollutants in the water. It can also adsorb odors and color, thus playing a role in fine filtration and purification of the influent. The quartz sand filter layer is located below. Its particle surface has a naturally rough structure and irregular texture, and its large specific surface area provides good conditions for the attachment and reproduction of microorganisms. During long-term operation, a large number of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria can grow on the surface of the quartz sand to form a stable biofilm, thereby further realizing the biological transformation and removal of nitrogen on the basis of physical filtration, and improving the overall denitrification effect.

[0050] like Figure 10 As shown, the filter tank body 1 is ingeniously designed with a connecting channel 101 and a bypass channel 102. These two channels work together structurally to achieve air-water distribution and flow direction adjustment during the backwashing process. Specifically, the connecting channel 101 is located in the side wall of the filter tank body 1, with its lower end connected to the upper part of the overflow trough 11, providing a smooth channel for wastewater discharge during backwashing; its upper end is directly connected to the backwashing assembly 10. When the dual-media pump 1001 in the backwashing assembly 10 is started, purified water from the outlet pipe 9 can be reintroduced, or compressed outside air can be sent into the connecting channel 101, ultimately entering the reaction chamber 6 for efficient backwashing of the filter layer. Simultaneously, one end of the bypass channel 102 is located on the side of the overflow trough 11 and is arranged around it. This structure not only avoids the impact caused by concentrated backwash water discharge but also balances the flow velocity and distributes the water flow. Through the bypass channel 102, the gas and liquid media are guided into the lower supply channel 803, making the air-water flow more stable and ensuring the strength and uniformity of the backwash. The overall design achieves a reasonable distribution of hydraulic and pneumatic forces during the backwashing process, improving the cleaning effect of the filter media, while avoiding problems such as filter layer damage or incomplete cleaning due to uneven local flushing, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the filter.

[0051] like Figure 5-6As shown, the water delivery tank 4 has a sophisticated structural design, including multiple functional components such as a control slot 401, a limiting slot 402, and a sliding slot 403. These components work together to ensure the stability and controllability of the water delivery process. Specifically, the control slot 401 is located on the side of the water delivery tank 4 and is used to house the control valve block 1303. The valve block can control the opening and closing of the water inlet of the water delivery tank 4 when switching positions, thereby determining whether water flow is allowed based on the operating state of the reaction chamber 6. To prevent the control valve block 1303 from shifting or falling off during movement, limiting slots 402 are provided on both sides of the control slot 401. The limiting slots 402 cooperate with the limiting block 1304 to allow the valve block to move stably along a predetermined trajectory, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the control action. In addition, a sliding groove 403 is provided below the control slot 401. The sliding groove 403 is mainly used to accommodate the sliding rod 1302, which can slide flexibly within it. Through linkage with the valve block and control component 13, precise control of water flow interruption is achieved. This multi-groove structure not only simplifies the water supply control operation process but also improves the flexibility of automatic adjustment, enabling the filter to maintain efficient operation under different working conditions and avoiding a decrease in reaction effect caused by uneven water intake.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper surface of the filter baffle 7 is uniformly provided with multiple filter holes 701. The filter holes 701 are distributed in a rectangular array. This arrangement not only ensures the uniformity of the pore size distribution but also effectively improves the overall load-bearing capacity. The main function of the filter holes 701 is to screen and regulate the water flow below, while intercepting the quartz sand filter layer above, preventing sand particles from entering the water guiding component 8 below during operation, thus avoiding pipe blockage or affecting the smooth flow of water. Through reasonable pore size design, sufficient water flow rate can be ensured while taking into account the stability of the filter media, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the filtration and backwashing processes.

[0053] like Figure 4 and 7As shown, the water guiding assembly 8 mainly consists of a water guiding pipe 801, backwash holes 802, and a supply channel 803. Its structure is rationally designed, capable of accommodating both normal water discharge and backwashing functions. Specifically, the water guiding pipe 801 is installed below the filter baffle 7, serving to receive and transport the purified water flow. To enhance hydraulic performance, the cross-sectional shape of the water guiding pipe 801 is designed as a semi-circle, which not only reduces water flow resistance but also improves the uniformity of water flow distribution. The top of the water guiding pipe 801 is connected to the outlet pipe 9, allowing the purified water treated by the filter layer to be discharged smoothly. Simultaneously, multiple backwash holes 802 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the water guiding pipe 801. When the filter needs to enter the cleaning state, these holes can serve as outlets for the air-water mixing medium, directly sending compressed air or purified water from the supply channel 803 into the reaction chamber 6. The supply channel 803 is located in the internal channel of the water guide pipe 801. It plays a core role in the backwashing process, efficiently transferring gas and liquid media to the backwash hole 802, thereby achieving comprehensive flushing and cleaning of the filter layer and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the filter.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the backwashing assembly 10 mainly consists of a dual-media pump 1001 and a water inlet pipe 1002, and is the core component for the automatic backwashing function of the entire filter tank. Specifically, the dual-media pump 1001 is fixedly installed on the side of the filter tank body 1, with a reasonable position arrangement that facilitates connection with other flow channels and subsequent maintenance and repair. This pump has the ability to process both gas and liquid simultaneously. During operation, it can compress and mix the liquid medium in the water inlet pipe 1002 with the outside air, and deliver it to the interior of the reaction chamber 6 at a certain pressure. The water inlet pipe 1002 is installed on the inner side of the dual-media pump 1001, with one end connected to the outlet pipe 9, thereby ensuring that the liquid medium input during backwashing is filtered clean water. This avoids untreated raw water from re-entering the filter layer and causing secondary pollution, while also ensuring the cleanliness and efficiency of the backwash water. Through the compression action of the dual-media pump 1001, purified water and air can form a strong air-water mixture flow, which is evenly introduced into the filter layer of the reaction chamber 6 via the water guiding component 8, realizing comprehensive agitation and scouring of the filter media and significantly improving the cleaning effect of backwashing. This design effectively simplifies the traditional backwashing process involving multiple devices, making the backwashing process more efficient, stable, and automated.

[0055] like Figure 8As shown, the control component 13 mainly includes a control float 1301, a sliding rod 1302, a control valve block 1303, and a limit block 1304, and is a key component for realizing automatic control and backwashing triggering of the reaction chamber 6. The control float 1301 is located inside the reaction chamber 6 and has a hollow structure, providing good buoyancy characteristics. During normal filtration operation of the water filter, suspended particles, colloids, algae, and other impurities in the water flow are trapped by the filter layer. As the operating time increases, these impurities gradually accumulate in the filter media layer, causing the water level in the reaction chamber 6 to gradually rise. When the water level reaches a certain height, the buoyancy of the water causes the control float 1301 to rise, thereby driving the control valve block 1303 connected to it to move vertically. A sliding rod 1302 is installed above the control float 1301, and a control valve block 1303 is fixed to the upper end of the sliding rod 1302. Together, they form a linkage mechanism. When the float rises, the control valve block 1303 rises synchronously, automatically cutting off the sewage supply to the water supply tank 4 above the current reaction chamber 6, thus achieving precise control of the influent flow rate. A limit block 1304 is installed on the side of the control valve block 1303. Its cross-sectional shape is trapezoidal, which not only constrains the movement trajectory of the control valve block 1303, preventing deviation during rising or falling, but also acts as a buffer and stabilizer when the valve block engages with the tank opening, ensuring the reliability and repeatability of the control action. Through this structural design, the reaction chamber 6 can automatically adjust the influent according to water level changes, achieving protection of the filter media layer and timely triggering of backwashing, ensuring the continuity, stability, and high efficiency of the filter operation.

[0056] The control assembly 13 also includes a connecting rod 1305, an overflow valve block 1306, a connector 1307, and a transition channel 1308, which together constitute a water and air flow distribution control system during backwashing. Specifically, the connecting rod 1305 is installed on the side of the control float 1301 to transmit the displacement of the float to the overflow valve block 1306, causing it to move accordingly as the float rises or falls. The overflow valve block 1306 is installed on the side of the connecting rod 1305, and its main function is to control the opening and closing of the overflow port 11. After moving to a certain position, it connects the connecting channel 101 and the bypass channel 102, providing a smooth air and water passage for backwashing. The connector 1307 is installed above the overflow valve block 1306 to secure its installation and also serves as the upper interface of the transition channel 1308. The transition channel 1308 is located between the connector 1307 and the overflow valve block 1306, forming a guide channel for air and water flow, allowing liquid and air media to smoothly enter the reaction chamber 6, achieving uniform cleaning and full fluidization of the filter media, thereby ensuring the high efficiency and reliability of the backwashing effect.

[0057] In the operation of this invention, wastewater first flows into the inlet tank 2 through the inlet pipe 3. The inlet tank 2 distributes the wastewater evenly into the delivery tank 4 through the inlet on the side. The linear diversion channel 5 of the delivery tank 4 further ensures the uniform distribution of water flow in the reaction chamber 6, thereby ensuring consistent water flow conditions in each reaction chamber 6, allowing the filter media layer to fully exert its physical filtration and biological denitrification functions. The reaction chamber 6 is equipped with layered filter media. The upper layer is an activated carbon filter layer, used to adsorb suspended particles and small impurities in the water. The lower layer is a quartz sand filter layer, whose rough surface provides space for microbial attachment, realizing biological filtration and nitrogen conversion. The filter baffle 7 is installed below the filter media layer. The filter holes 701 are opened in a rectangular array to support the filter media and prevent quartz sand from falling into the water guiding component 8. The water guiding component 8 collects the filtered water and delivers it to the outlet pipe 9 through the semi-circular water guiding pipe 801, backwash hole 802, and supply channel 803.

[0058] When the water level in reaction chamber 6 rises due to long-term use of the filter media and accumulation of impurities, the control float 1301 in the control assembly 13 moves upward with the rising water level. This, via the sliding rod 1302, moves the control valve block 1303, automatically cutting off the water supply to the water tank 4 above reaction chamber 6, ensuring timely triggering of backwashing. Simultaneously, the connecting rod 1305 moves the overflow valve block 1306 upward, opening the overflow port 11 and connecting the connecting channel 101 and the bypass channel 102, providing a pathway for the air-water mixing medium. After the dual-media pump 1001 starts, it compresses the clean water in the outlet pipe 9 and the outside air into the inlet pipe 1002 and the water guiding assembly 8, injecting it evenly into reaction chamber 6 through the backwash hole 802. The air-water mixture rises and penetrates the filter media layer, causing the filter media to expand and fluidize. The particles suspend, tumble, and rub against each other, thoroughly washing away the attached impurities. Wastewater generated during backwashing flows into collection tank 12 through overflow outlet 11 and is discharged in a centralized manner. After backwashing is completed, the control float 1301 is lowered, the control valve block 1303 resumes water intake, and the filter tank re-enters normal filtration state.

[0059] The entire process, through the coordinated operation of the inlet tank 2, the water delivery tank 4, the filter media layer, the filter baffle 7, the water guiding component 8, the control component 13, and the backwashing component 10, achieves continuous and efficient filtration and automatic backwashing functions in the filter bed, which not only ensures stable water quality but also improves the reliability and automation level of the system operation.

[0060] Various modifications to this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Although one or more exemplary embodiments of this disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high efficiency denitrification filter, characterized by, The filter tank body (1) is internally provided with a plurality of reaction cavities (6), the reaction cavities (6) are arranged in parallel with each other, the water inlet groove (2) is arranged on the upper part of the filter tank body (1), the water feeding groove (4) is arranged on the upper face of the reaction cavity (6), the filter partition plate (7) is installed on the bottom of the reaction cavity (6), the water guide assembly (8) is installed on the lower face of the filter partition plate (7), the water outlet pipe (9) is installed on the side face of the water guide assembly (8), the backwashing assembly (10) is arranged on the outer side face of the water inlet groove (2), the overflow notch (11) is arranged on the side face of the filter tank body (1), the collecting groove (12) is arranged on the outer side of the overflow notch (11), and the control assembly (13) is installed in the reaction cavity (6). When the filter layer in a certain reaction cavity (6) is used for a long time, the resistance increases, the water flow through the filter material becomes difficult, the water level in the reaction cavity (6) rises, the control float (1301) in the control assembly (13) is driven upward by the buoyancy, the control valve block (1303) blocks the control notch (401), the water feeding groove (4) above the reaction cavity (6) stops feeding water, the overflow valve block (1306) slides upward in the overflow notch (11), so that the transition flow channel (1308), the connecting flow channel (101) and the bypass flow channel (102) are communicated, the double-medium pump (1001) introduces compressed air into the water guide pipe (801), the strong air bubbles pass through the filter material layer in the reaction cavity (6) upward, the filter material is strongly stirred and rubbed, and the filtered water is further transported to the lower face of the filter partition plate (7) through the water guide pipe (1002) to realize backwashing, the strong upward water flow makes the filter material layer swell rapidly and be in a fluidized state, the filter material particles are suspended, rolled and rubbed with each other in the upward water flow, and the impurities on the surface of the filter material particles are completely cleaned. The sewage is collected in the collecting groove (12) through the overflow notch (11) and is treated. The filter tank body (1) comprises the connecting flow channel (101) and the bypass flow channel (102). The connecting flow channel (101) is arranged in the inner side wall of the filter tank body (1), the lower end of the connecting flow channel (101) is arranged on the upper face of the overflow notch (11), the upper end of the connecting flow channel (101) is arranged in communication with the backwashing assembly (10), one end of the bypass flow channel (102) is arranged on the side face of the overflow notch (11), and the bypass flow channel (102) is arranged around the overflow notch (11). The water feeding groove (4) comprises the control notch (401), the limiting groove (402) and the sliding groove (403). The control notch (401) is arranged on the side face of the water feeding groove (4), the limiting groove (402) is arranged on the two sides of the control notch (401), and the sliding groove (403) is arranged on the lower face of the control notch (401). ​ The control assembly (13) comprises a control float (1301), a sliding rod (1302), a control valve block (1303) and a limiting block (1304); The control float (1301) is arranged inside the reaction cavity (6), the sliding rod (1302) is installed on the upper surface of the control float (1301), the control valve block (1303) is installed on the upper surface of the sliding rod (1302), and the limiting block (1304) is installed on the side surface of the control valve block (1303); the cross-sectional shape of the limiting block (1304) is arranged in a trapezoidal shape; The control assembly (13) further comprises a connecting rod (1305), an overflow valve block (1306), a connecting head (1307) and a transition flow channel (1308); The connecting rod (1305) is installed on the side surface of the control float (1301), the overflow valve block (1306) is installed on the side surface of the connecting rod (1305), the connecting head (1307) is installed on the upper surface of the overflow valve block (1306), and the transition flow channel (1308) is arranged in the middle of the connecting head (1307) and the overflow valve block (1306).

2. The high efficiency denitrification filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (3) is installed on the side surface of the water inlet groove (2), and the water delivery groove (4) is provided with a plurality of shunt notches (5) on both sides.

3. The high efficiency denitrification filter according to claim 1, wherein: The reaction cavity (6) is filled with a filter layer, and the filter layer is arranged in two layers, wherein the upper layer is arranged as an activated carbon filter layer, and the lower layer is arranged as a quartz sand filter layer.

4. The high efficiency denitrification filter according to claim 1, wherein: The filter partition plate (7) is provided with a plurality of filter holes (701) on the upper surface, and the filter holes (701) are arranged in a rectangular array.

5. The high efficiency denitrification filter according to claim 1, wherein: The water guide assembly (8) comprises a water guide pipe (801), a backwashing hole (802) and a supply flow channel (803). The water guide pipe (801) is installed on the lower surface of the filter partition plate (7), the cross-sectional shape of the water guide pipe (801) is arranged in a semicircular shape, the backwashing hole (802) is arranged on the inner side surface of the water guide pipe (801), and the supply flow channel (803) is arranged in the interior of the water guide pipe (801).

6. The high efficiency denitrification filter according to claim 1, wherein: The backwashing assembly (10) comprises a double-medium pump machine (1001) and a water guide pipe (1002). The double-medium pump machine (1001) is installed on the side surface of the filter water pool body (1), the water guide pipe (1002) is installed on the inner side surface of the double-medium pump machine (1001), and one end of the water guide pipe (1002) is installed in the water outlet pipe (9).

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