Vacuum freeze drying equipment with hot fluorine solution ice melting and alternating control method

Abstract

The present application relates to material drying technical field, specifically to a kind of hot fluorine solution ice alternation's vacuum freeze drying equipment and control method, hot fluorine solution ice alternation's vacuum freeze drying equipment includes drying shell and first adjusting mechanism, the inside top of drying shell is provided with slide rail, slide rail is provided with sliding seat, sliding seat is slidably connected by roller and slide rail;The bottom of sliding seat is provided with storage rack, and the storage rack is configured to be able to place material;The inside of drying shell is also provided with cold source and heat source, and the cold source is used to provide the cold required for the solidification of free water on the material into solid ice, and the heat source is used to provide the heat required for the sublimation of solid ice;Counterweight is provided on the storage rack, and the counterweight can slide along the left-right direction of slide rail;First adjusting mechanism is configured to adjust the position of counterweight, so that the center of gravity of the whole material, storage rack and counterweight coincides with the vertical center line of slide rail, so as to ensure that the load on both sides of roller is consistent, and improve the operation reliability of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of material drying technology, and in particular to a vacuum freeze-drying equipment and control method that alternates between hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution. Background Technology

[0002] Vacuum freeze-drying equipment is a key piece of equipment for drying materials based on the principle of sublimation. It is widely used in many fields such as pharmaceuticals, food, biological products, and chemicals. Its core working principle is as follows: first, the moisture in the material is converted into solid ice through low-temperature freezing; then, in a vacuum environment, the solid ice directly sublimates into water vapor, skipping the liquid stage, and finally, the water vapor is discharged.

[0003] In related technologies, such as Chinese patent CN219141266U, a continuous freeze-drying system is disclosed. The continuous freeze-drying system includes a drying chamber and a frame for placing materials. A conveying track is provided at the top of the interior of the drying chamber. A pulley assembly is connected to the top of the frame, and the pulley assembly is slidably connected to the conveying track, thereby enabling the frame to move between the feed end and the discharge end of the drying chamber.

[0004] However, the aforementioned continuous freeze-drying system also has some problems in actual use: due to the weight difference between materials and the difficulty in ensuring absolute uniformity when manually placing materials, the distribution of materials on the frame is asymmetrical, which causes the overall center of gravity of the materials and the frame to deviate from the center line of the conveyor track. This results in uneven distribution of contact stress between the pulley assembly and the conveyor track. The pulley on the side with the offset center of gravity has to bear a greater load, while the pulley on the other side has a relatively smaller load. Under long-term operation, the pulley with concentrated load will experience localized excessive wear, which not only shortens the replacement cycle of the pulley assembly and increases the maintenance cost of the equipment, but may also cause a decrease in the dimensional accuracy of the pulley due to wear, exacerbating the instability of the frame movement and affecting the reliability of the freeze-drying system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a vacuum freeze-drying equipment and control method that combines hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution, addressing the problem of poor operational reliability in current vacuum freeze-drying equipment.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vacuum freeze-drying apparatus for alternating hot fluorine dissolution and ice melting, the apparatus comprising:

[0008] Dry shell;

[0009] A slide rail is provided at the top inside the drying shell and extends in the front-to-back direction;

[0010] A sliding seat is mounted on the slide rail and is slidably connected to the slide rail via rollers;

[0011] A shelf is provided at the bottom of the sliding seat and configured to hold materials; the interior of the drying shell is also provided with a cold source and a heat source, the cold source being used to provide the cooling required for the free water on the material to solidify into solid ice, and the heat source being used to provide the heat required for the solid ice to sublimate.

[0012] A counterweight is mounted on the shelf and can slide along the slide rail in the left and right directions.

[0013] The first adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the position of the counterweight according to the horizontal offset between the center of gravity of the material and the shelf as a whole and the vertical center line of the slide rail, so that the center of gravity of the material, the shelf and the counterweight as a whole coincides with the vertical center line of the slide rail.

[0014] Further, the first adjustment mechanism includes a first rotating seat, which is disposed at the bottom of the sliding seat and is rotatable about a first axis. The first axis extends horizontally and is in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail. The shelf is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the first rotating seat. The counterweight is disposed on the first rotating seat. Second rotating seats are disposed on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat. The second rotating seats are rotatable about a second axis, which is parallel to the first axis and is in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail. The first rotating seat, the second rotating seat, and the sliding seat are connected by a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is configured to make the rotation angle ratio between the first rotating seat and the second rotating seat 1:N, where N is a real number greater than 1. Each second rotating seat is provided with an adjustment block, which is slidable along the left and right directions of the slide rail. Each adjustment block and the counterweight are connected by a rope through a force-saving pulley assembly. Two ropes are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the counterweight, and the two force-saving pulley assemblies are symmetrically arranged about the center of the sliding seat.

[0015] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes two first gear pulleys, which are respectively fixedly disposed on the front and rear sides of the sliding seat. The axes of the first gear pulleys coincide with the first axis and are in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail. Second gear pulleys are fixedly disposed on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat. The axes of the second gear pulleys are parallel to the first axis and mesh with the first gear pulleys. A third gear pulley is fixedly disposed on each of the second rotating seats. The axis of the third gear pulley coincides with the second axis. The third gear pulleys form a transmission engagement with the second gear pulleys through a transmission belt.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned labor-saving pulley assemblies includes multiple fixed pulleys and multiple movable pulleys; the hot-fluorine-ice-dissolving alternating vacuum freeze-drying equipment also includes a second adjustment mechanism, which is configured to adjust the number of movable pulleys according to the rotation angle of the first rotating seat, so that the larger the rotation angle of the first rotating seat, the fewer movable pulleys are adjusted.

[0017] Furthermore, the second adjustment mechanism includes two protrusions, which are fixedly disposed on the left and right sides of the sliding seat and symmetrically arranged about the first axis; a blocking frame is provided on the first rotating seat, which can elastically slide along a direction perpendicular to the first axis and can form a stop engagement with the protrusions; two first insertion hole groups are provided on the first rotating seat, each first insertion hole group including multiple first insertion holes, and the multiple first insertion holes in the same first insertion hole group are spaced apart along a direction perpendicular to the first axis; at least one movable pulley of each of the force-saving pulley assemblies is fitted with a first insertion rod, which can elastically slide along a direction perpendicular to the first axis, can form a stop engagement with the blocking frame, and can be inserted into the first insertion hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the weight of the counterweight can be adjusted.

[0019] Furthermore, the counterweight includes multiple counterweight segments arranged vertically, with adjacent counterweight segments bonded together; mounting brackets are provided on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat, and the mounting brackets can slide in a direction perpendicular to the first axis; each mounting bracket is provided with at least two second inserts, at least one of the second inserts can be inserted into the first rotating seat, and at least one of the second inserts can be inserted into the counterweight segment.

[0020] Furthermore, the vacuum freeze-drying equipment with alternating hot fluorine-dissolving-ice action also includes a refrigeration system and two cold traps. The cold traps are connected to the refrigeration system and the drying shell, respectively, and are configured to receive both water vapor from inside the drying shell and cold or heat from the refrigeration system.

[0021] Furthermore, the hot-fluorine-ice alternating vacuum freeze-drying equipment also includes a steam heater, which is connected to both of the cold traps and configured to generate negative pressure steam.

[0022] This invention also provides a method for controlling vacuum freeze-drying with alternating hot fluorine-dissolving-ice processes, employing a vacuum freeze-drying device with alternating fluorine-dissolving-ice processes. The method includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. Place the material on the shelf; when the center of gravity of the material and the shelf as a whole is biased to one side, under the action of the first adjustment mechanism, the counterweight moves to the other side, so that the center of gravity of the material, the shelf and the counterweight as a whole coincides with the vertical center line of the slide rail.

[0024] S2. Open the drying shell and use the rollers to move the shelf along the slide rail into the drying shell;

[0025] S3. Seal the drying shell and evacuate the inside of the drying shell to create a vacuum.

[0026] S4. By generating cold energy through a cold source, the free water on the material is converted into solid ice;

[0027] S5. Heat is generated through a heat source to provide the heat required for the sublimation of solid ice, turning solid ice into water vapor;

[0028] S6. Pass the water vapor in the drying shell into the first cold trap;

[0029] S7. Start the refrigeration system, which inputs cold energy into the first cold trap, causing the water vapor in the first cold trap to be converted into solid ice;

[0030] S8. When the thickness of the solid ice in the first cold trap reaches a set threshold, water vapor in the drying shell is introduced into the second cold trap. The refrigeration system inputs heat into the first cold trap, causing the solid ice in the first cold trap to melt into liquid water, and then discharges the liquid water. At the same time, the steam heater is activated, generating negative pressure steam, which is introduced into the first cold trap. The refrigeration system simultaneously inputs cooling energy into the second cold trap, causing the water vapor in the second cold trap to convert into solid ice.

[0031] S9. When the thickness of the solid ice in the second cold trap reaches a set threshold, water vapor in the drying shell is introduced into the first cold trap. The refrigeration system inputs heat into the second cold trap, causing the solid ice in the second cold trap to melt into liquid water, and then discharges the liquid water. At the same time, the steam heater is activated, generating negative pressure steam, which is introduced into the second cold trap. The refrigeration system simultaneously inputs cooling energy into the first cold trap, causing the water vapor in the first cold trap to convert into solid ice. Steps S8-S9 are repeated.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0033] This invention relates to a vacuum freeze-drying equipment and control method for alternating hot, fluorine, and ice melting. The control method includes using the alternating hot, fluorine, and ice melting vacuum freeze-drying equipment to dry materials. During operation, the equipment incorporates a counterweight and a corresponding first adjustment mechanism. When the center of gravity of the material and the shelf as a whole shifts to one side, the counterweight moves to the other side, aligning the center of gravity of the material, shelf, and counterweight with the vertical center line of the slide rail. This ensures consistent load distribution on both sides of the rollers, preventing excessive wear and extending their service life. It also improves the stability of the shelf movement, thus enhancing the reliability of the equipment.

[0034] Furthermore, by setting a second adjustment mechanism, the sliding distance of the adjustment block is ensured to be sufficient for use when drying different materials, thereby improving applicability.

[0035] Furthermore, by adjusting the weight of the counterweight, it is possible to ensure that the counterweight can effectively adjust the center of gravity of the material and the entire shelf when drying different materials, thereby improving applicability.

[0036] Furthermore, by setting up two cold traps and a refrigeration system that works in conjunction with them, when drying materials, the refrigeration system transfers heat to one of the cold traps to melt ice and transfers cold energy to the other cold trap to condense ice. This achieves both thermal energy circulation and energy consumption reduction, as well as shortening the drying cycle and ensuring continuous production.

[0037] Furthermore, by installing a steam heater, which can generate negative pressure steam, it can both assist in melting ice and reduce vacuum loss, thus avoiding frequent vacuum breaks in the system. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a vacuum freeze-drying apparatus for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a vacuum freeze-drying apparatus with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution after removing the drying shell, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point W in the middle;

[0041] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point X in the middle;

[0042] Figure 5 A front view schematic diagram of a vacuum freeze-drying apparatus with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, without the drying shell and shelf.

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0044] Figure 7 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a vacuum freeze-drying device with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, without the drying shell and shelf.

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Y in the middle;

[0046] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle;

[0047] Figure 10 An exploded view of the parts of a vacuum freeze-drying device with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with the drying shell and shelf removed.

[0048] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a vacuum freeze-drying device with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution, provided in an embodiment of the present invention, without the drying shell and shelf.

[0049] in:

[0050] 1. Drying shell; 101. Shell; 102. Cover; 2. Slide rail; 3. Sliding seat; 301. First roller; 302. Second roller; 303. Fixed shaft; 4. Shelf; 5. Heat source; 501. Heating shelf; 6. Counterweight; 601. Counterweight block; 701. First rotating seat; 7011. Second slide groove; 7012. Fixed rod; 7013. Fourth slide groove; 702. Second rotating seat; 7021. Third slide groove; 7022. Partition; 703. Transmission assembly; 7031. First gear pulley; 7032. Second gear pulley; 7033. Third gear pulley; 7034. Transmission toothed belt 704. Adjusting block; 7051. First fixed pulley; 7052. Second fixed pulley; 7053. Third fixed pulley; 7054. Fourth fixed pulley; 7055. Fifth fixed pulley; 7056. Sixth fixed pulley; 7057. First movable pulley; 7058. Second movable pulley; 7059. Third movable pulley; 706. Rope; 801. Protrusion; 802. Stopping frame; 803. Tension spring; 804. First insertion hole; 805. First insertion rod; 806. First compression spring; 9. Mounting bracket; 10. Second insertion rod; 11. Guide rail; 12. Fixed rail; 13. Movable rail; 14. Mounting plate; 15. Second compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0052] The following reference Figures 1 to 11 The present invention describes a vacuum freeze-drying apparatus with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice drying, which is particularly suitable for drying materials.

[0053] Specifically, the vacuum freeze-drying equipment for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice drying is configured to include a drying shell 1, which comprises a housing 101 and a cover 102. The housing 101 is a cylindrical structure, horizontally positioned, with its axis extending horizontally in the front-to-back direction, and its front end is open. The cover 102 is a disc-shaped structure, vertically positioned, with its axis extending horizontally in the front-to-back direction. The cover 102 can slide horizontally in the left-to-right direction to open or close the front port of the housing 101. To enable the sliding of the cover 102, a guide rail 11 is provided above the front port of the housing 101, extending horizontally in the left-to-right direction. During installation, the top of the cover 102 slides on the guide rail 11.

[0054] A slide rail 2 is fixedly installed inside the top of the housing 101. The slide rail 2 extends horizontally in the front-back direction and can be an I-beam structure. The slide rail 2 has two first slide grooves, which are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction and both extend horizontally in the front-back direction. A sliding seat 3 is provided on the slide rail 2, and a roller assembly is provided on the sliding seat 3. The roller assembly includes four first rollers 301 and one second roller 302. The axis of the first rollers 301 extends horizontally in the left-right direction and can rotate around its own axis. The four first rollers 301 are divided into two groups, and the two groups of first rollers 301 are arranged horizontally at intervals in the front-back direction. The two first rollers 301 in the same group are arranged horizontally at intervals in the left-right direction and are respectively rolled and inserted into two first sliding grooves. The axis of the second roller 302 extends horizontally in the left-right direction and can rotate around its own axis. The second roller 302 is located between the two groups of first rollers 301 and is set lower than the first rollers 301, and is rolled and set at the bottom of the slide rail 2. Under the action of the roller assembly, the sliding seat 3 and the slide rail 2 form a sliding connection.

[0055] A shelf 4 is provided at the bottom of the sliding seat 3 for placing materials. A cold source is also provided inside the housing 101 to provide the cooling required for free water on the material to solidify into solid ice; the cold source can be configured as an evaporator in a refrigeration system. A heat source 5 is also provided inside the housing 101 to provide the heat required for the sublimation of solid ice; the heat source 5 can be configured as multiple heating shelves 501, which are fixed inside the housing 101. The multiple heating shelves 501 are divided into two groups and are arranged horizontally at intervals in the left-right direction. Multiple heating shelves 501 in the same group are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction; the heating shelves 501 can generate heat by intermittent heating, such as heat transfer oil or electric heating. To facilitate the entry and exit of the shelf 4 from the housing 101, the vacuum freeze-drying equipment with alternating hot fluorine and ice dissolution is further configured to include a fixed rail 12. The fixed rail 12 extends horizontally in the front-to-back direction and is located on the front side of the housing 101, and is on the same straight line as the slide rail 2. The fixed rail 12 can be configured as an I-beam structure. A movable rail 13 is hinged to the rear end of the fixed rail 12. The movable rail 13 is horizontally positioned and can also be configured as an I-beam structure. The movable rail 13 can rotate around a vertical line and can rotate to connect with the fixed rail 12 and the slide rail 2. Under the action of the roller group, the sliding seat 3 can both drive the shelf 4 to enter the housing 101 through the fixed rail 12, the movable rail 13, and the slide rail 2 in sequence, and drive the shelf 4 to exit the housing 101 through the slide rail 2, the movable rail 13, and the fixed rail 12 in sequence. The movable rail 13 can rotate to have a preset angle with the fixed rail 12, such as 90 degrees, to avoid affecting the movement of the cover 102 and to ensure that the front end of the housing 101 can be opened or closed smoothly.

[0056] Initially, the cover 102 is located at the front port of the closed housing 101; there is a preset angle between the movable rail 13 and the fixed rail 12.

[0057] During use, the material is first placed on the shelf 4; then the cover 102 is slid to the right along the guide rail 11 to open the front port of the housing 101; then the movable rail 13 is rotated so that the movable rail 13 connects with the fixed rail 12 and the slide rail 2; then, under the action of the roller group, the shelf 4 is driven by the sliding seat 3 to enter the housing 101 through the fixed rail 12, the movable rail 13, and the slide rail 2 in sequence; then the movable rail 13 is rotated so that there is a preset angle between the movable rail 13 and the fixed rail 12; then the cover 102 is slid to the left along the guide rail 11 to close the front port of the housing 101.

[0058] Then, the inside of the drying shell 1 is evacuated into a vacuum; then, a cold source is used to generate cold energy, causing the free water on the material to turn into solid ice; then, a heat source 5 is used to generate heat, providing the heat required for the solid ice to sublimate, causing the solid ice to turn into water vapor; then, the water vapor is extracted from the inside of the drying shell 1, thus achieving the drying of the material.

[0059] However, in actual production, due to the differences in material characteristics and manual operation, a series of problems have gradually emerged, with the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 shifting off the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. These problems not only affect the service life of equipment components, but also pose potential risks to the safety of equipment operation.

[0060] Based on this, the vacuum freeze-drying equipment for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution provided in this embodiment of the invention is further configured to include a counterweight 6 and a first adjustment mechanism. The counterweight 6 is disposed on the shelf 4 and can slide along the slide rail 2 in the left and right directions. The first adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the position of the counterweight 6 according to the horizontal offset between the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole and the vertical center line of the slide rail 2, thereby aligning the center of gravity of the material, the shelf 4, and the counterweight 6 as a whole with the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. In this way, the load borne by the first roller 301 and the second roller 302 on both sides is consistent, which can not only avoid local excessive wear of the first roller 301 and the second roller 302, thus extending the service life of the first roller 301 and the second roller 302, but also improve the moving stability of the shelf 4, thereby helping to improve the operational reliability of the equipment.

[0061] Furthermore, the first adjustment mechanism includes a first rotating seat 701, which is a strip-shaped structure extending in the left-right direction; a fixed shaft 303 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding seat 3, extending horizontally in the front-back direction and in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail 2; during installation, the top of the middle part of the first rotating seat 701 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 303, and the first rotating seat 701 can rotate around a first axis, which coincides with the axis of the fixed shaft 303; the shelf 4 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first rotating seat 701 and is symmetrically arranged about the vertical center line of the slide rail 2; a second sliding groove 7011 is provided at the top of the first rotating seat 701, extending along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701; and the counterweight 6 is slidably inserted into the second sliding groove 7011 during installation. A second insertion hole is provided at the top center of the first rotating seat 701, and a third insertion hole is provided on the circumferential side wall of the fixed shaft 303; the vacuum freeze-drying equipment with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice is also provided with a pin, which can be inserted into the second insertion hole and the third insertion hole at the same time to ensure that the shelf 4 is set horizontally, which facilitates subsequent adjustment work.

[0062] Fixed rods 7012 are provided on both the front and rear side walls of the first rotating seat 701. The fixed rods 7012 are located in the middle of the first rotating seat 701 and extend horizontally in the front-rear direction. The two fixed rods 7012 are located on the same straight line. A second rotating seat 702 is sleeved on each fixed rod 7012. The second rotating seat 702 is a strip structure and extends in the left-right direction. The middle of the second rotating seat 702 coincides with the fixed rod 7012. The second rotating seat 702 can rotate around a second axis. The second axis coincides with the axis of the fixed rod 7012 and is in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. The first rotating seat 701, the second rotating seat 702 and the sliding seat 3 are connected by a transmission assembly 703. The transmission assembly 703 is configured to make the rotation angle ratio between the first rotating seat 701 and the second rotating seat 702 1:N, where N is a real number greater than 1. When the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole is biased to one side, under the action of gravity, both the first rotating seat 701 and the second rotating seat 702 will rotate in the direction biased to that side of the center of gravity. At this time, under the action of the transmission component 703, the rotation angle of the second rotating seat 702 is greater than that of the first rotating seat 701.

[0063] The transmission assembly 703 is configured to include two first gear pulleys 7031, which are respectively perpendicularly and fixedly mounted at the front and rear ends of the fixed shaft 303, with the axes of the first gear pulleys 7031 coinciding with the axis of the fixed shaft 303. Second gear pulleys 7032 are fixedly mounted on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat 701, located directly below the first gear pulleys 7031, with their axes parallel to the axis of the fixed shaft 303. 032 meshes with the first gear pulley 7031; each fixed rod 7012 is coaxially and rotatably sleeved with a third gear pulley 7033, the third gear pulley 7033 is fixedly connected to the second rotating seat 702 to ensure that it can synchronously drive the second rotating seat 702 to rotate; the third gear pulley 7033 forms a transmission engagement with the second gear pulley 7032 through the transmission toothed belt 7034; the module of the second gear pulley 7032 is greater than the module of the third gear pulley 7033, and the module ratio is N:1. When the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole is biased to one side, under the action of gravity, the first rotating seat 701 rotates in the direction biased to that side of the center of gravity, and simultaneously drives the second gear pulley 7032 to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft 303, causing the transmission belt 7034 to move, and simultaneously rotates through the third gear pulley 7033 and the second rotating seat 702. Since the module of the second gear pulley 7032 is greater than the module of the third gear pulley 7033, the rotation angle of the second rotating seat 702 is greater than that of the first rotating seat 701.

[0064] Each second rotating seat 702 is provided with a third slide groove 7021 at its top, and the third slide groove 7021 extends along the extension direction of the second rotating seat 702; an adjusting block 704 is slidably inserted in each third slide groove 7021, and each adjusting block 704 and the counterweight 6 are connected by a rope 706 through a force-saving pulley assembly. The two ropes 706 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the counterweight 6 respectively, and the two force-saving pulley assemblies are symmetrically arranged about the center of the sliding seat 3.

[0065] The labor-saving pulley assembly includes two first fixed pulleys 7051. One first fixed pulley 7051 is rotatably mounted on the top of a second rotating seat 702 located at the front side, and is located at the right end of the second rotating seat 702, and is arranged side by side with an adjusting block 704 located at the front side. The other first fixed pulley 7051 is rotatably mounted on the top of a second rotating seat 702 located at the rear side, and is located at the left end of the second rotating seat 702, and is arranged side by side with an adjusting block 704 located at the rear side. The axis of the first fixed pulley 7051 is perpendicular to the second rotating seat 702. A second fixed pulley 705 is rotatably mounted on the top of the middle part of each second rotating seat 702. 2. The axis of the second fixed pulley 7052 is perpendicular to the second rotating seat 702; two third fixed pulleys 7053 are rotatably arranged at the top center of the first rotating seat 701, the two third fixed pulleys 7053 are spaced apart in the front-back direction, and the axis of the third fixed pulley 7053 is perpendicular to the first rotating seat 701; two fourth fixed pulleys 7054 are rotatably arranged at the top of the first rotating seat 701, the axis of the fourth fixed pulley 7054 is perpendicular to the first rotating seat 701, one of the fourth fixed pulleys 7054 and the third fixed pulley 7053 located on the front side are arranged side by side in the left-right direction, and are located at the right end of the first rotating seat 701, and are relatively close to the third fixed pulley 7053 located on the front side. The first fixed pulley 7051 on the front side is positioned to the left. Another fourth fixed pulley 7054 and the third fixed pulley 7053 on the rear side are arranged side-by-side in the left-right direction, located at the left end of the first rotating base 701, and positioned to the right of the first fixed pulley 7051. Two fifth fixed pulleys 7055 are rotatably mounted on the top of the first rotating base 701. These two fifth fixed pulleys 7055 are located on the left and right sides of the third fixed pulley 7053, arranged side-by-side, and positioned between the two third fixed pulleys 7053. The fifth fixed pulley 7055 on the left side is positioned closer to the fourth fixed pulley 7054 on the left side, and the fifth fixed pulley 7055 on the right side... The fifth fixed pulley 7055 is positioned close to the fourth fixed pulley 7054 located on the right side, and the axis of the fifth fixed pulley 7055 is perpendicular to the first rotating seat 701. Two sixth fixed pulleys 7056 are rotatably mounted on the top of the first rotating seat 701. The two sixth fixed pulleys 7056 are located on the left and right sides of the third fixed pulley 7053 respectively, and are arranged side by side. They are located between the two third fixed pulleys 7053 in the front-back direction and between the two fifth fixed pulleys 7055 in the left-right direction. The sixth fixed pulleys 7056 are positioned close to the fifth fixed pulleys 7055 on the same side, and the axis of the sixth fixed pulley 7056 is perpendicular to the first rotating seat 701.

[0066] Two fourth slide grooves 7013 are provided on the top of the first rotating seat 701. The fourth slide grooves 7013 extend along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701. The two fourth slide grooves 7013 are located on the left and right sides of the second slide groove 7011 respectively and are arranged side by side. In each fourth slide groove 7013, a first movable pulley 7057, a second movable pulley 7058, and a third movable pulley 7059 are slidably inserted from the inside to the outside. Taking the rope 706 located on the front side as an example, the rope 706 is divided into two sections. One section of the rope 706 is vertically fixed at one end to the right side wall of the adjusting block 704 located on the front side during installation. Then, it extends to the right along the extension direction of the second rotating seat 702, passes the first fixed pulley 7051 and then changes direction. It then extends to the left along the extension direction of the second rotating seat 702, passes the second fixed pulley 7052 and then changes direction. It then extends horizontally backward, passes the third fixed pulley 7053 and then changes direction. It then extends to the right along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701, passes the fourth fixed pulley 7054 and then changes direction. Finally, it extends in a straight line to the first movable pulley 7057, passes the first movable pulley 7057 and then changes direction. The first section of rope 706 extends to the right along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701, passes the fifth fixed pulley 7055 and then changes direction, extends to the left along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701, passes the second movable pulley 7058 and then changes direction, extends to the right along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701, passes the sixth fixed pulley 7056 and then changes direction, extends to the left along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701, passes the third movable pulley 7059 and then changes direction, and extends in a straight line to the sixth fixed pulley 7056, where it is fixed. The other section of rope 706 extends along the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701 and is fixedly connected between the right side wall of the counterweight 6 and the first movable pulley 7057. To avoid interference between the rope 706 and the transmission toothed belt 7034, a partition 7022 is fixedly installed at the top center of the second rotating seat 702, which separates the rope 706 and the transmission toothed belt 7034.

[0067] Initially, the pin is inserted into both the second and third sockets simultaneously.

[0068] During use, the material is first placed on the shelf 4. At this time, although the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole will be biased to the left or right side of the vertical center line of the slide rail 2, the shelf 4 can still remain horizontal due to the insertion of the pin, the second socket and the third socket.

[0069] Then, the pin is pulled out. Taking the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as being slightly to the right of the vertical center line of the slide rail 2 as an example, the shelf 4 synchronously drives the first rotating seat 701 to rotate, forming a tilted posture with the left side higher than the right side, so that the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole coincides with the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. During the rotation of the first rotating seat 701, taking N equal to two as an example, the first rotating seat 701 synchronously drives the second gear pulley 7032 to rotate around the axis of the fixed shaft 303, causing the transmission belt 7034 to move, which synchronously rotates through the third gear pulley 7033 and the second rotating seat 702, and the rotation angle of the second rotating seat 702 is twice the rotation angle of the first rotating seat 701. When the first rotating seat 701 tilts, the second rotating seat 702 also tilts. Taking the angle between the first rotating seat 701 and the horizontal line as θ as an example, the angle between the second rotating seat 702 and the horizontal line is 2θ.

[0070] At this point, the forces acting on the counterweight 6 are analyzed. The counterweight 6 is subjected to an upward supporting force FN1 perpendicular to the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701 and a tension force F1 from the rope 706 parallel to the left extension direction of the first rotating seat 701. At the same time, it is subjected to a downward gravity G1. This gravity G1 can be decomposed into a downward gravity component G11 perpendicular to the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701 and a rightward gravity component G12 parallel to the extension direction of the first rotating seat 701, and G12 = G1 * sinθ.

[0071] Force analysis is performed on the adjusting block 704 located at the rear. The adjusting block 704 is subjected to an upward supporting force FN2 perpendicular to the extension direction of the second rotating seat 702, and simultaneously subjected to a downward gravity G2. This gravity G2 can be decomposed into a downward gravity component G21 perpendicular to the extension direction of the second rotating seat 702 and a rightward gravity component G22 parallel to the extension direction of the second rotating seat 702, and G22 = G2 * sin(2θ). At this time, the tension F2 on the rope 706 is equal to G22 = G2 * sin(2θ). Because of the presence of the first movable pulley 7057, the second movable pulley 7058, and the third movable pulley 7059, in order to pull the counterweight 6 upward, it is only necessary to satisfy F2≥1 / 6*F1, that is, G22≥1 / 6*G12, that is, G2*sin(2θ)≥1 / 6*G1sinθ. For the sine function, when θ is in the range of (0-90)°, the larger θ is, the larger the value of sinθ is. Therefore, when the first rotating seat 701 rotates to a certain angle θ, it will satisfy F2≥1 / 6*F1, so that the adjusting block 704 located on the rear side moves downward along the third slide 7021, and the counterweight 6 moves upward along the fourth slide 7013. The ratio between the moving distance of the adjusting block 704 located on the rear side and the moving distance of the counterweight 6 is 6:1.

[0072] As the counterweight 6 moves, the center of gravity of the material, shelf 4, and counterweight 6 as a whole begins to shift to the left. When the first rotating seat 701 and the second rotating seat 702 tilt to their extreme positions, the first rotating seat 701 and the second rotating seat 702 begin to rotate in opposite directions until they return to a horizontal position. At this point, the center of gravity of the material, shelf 4, and counterweight 6 as a whole coincides with the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. The shelf 4 is set horizontally, ensuring that the load on both sides of the first roller 301 and the second roller 302 is consistent. This can prevent excessive wear on the first roller 301 and the second roller 302, extend their service life, improve the moving stability of the shelf 4, and thus help improve the operational reliability of the equipment.

[0073] In a further embodiment, since the length of the third chute 7021 is limited, and the ratio between the moving distance of the adjusting block 704 and the moving distance of the counterweight 6 is 6:1, the greater the weight difference between units of material and the more uneven the placement, the more likely the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole will deviate far from the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. This may result in the adjusting block 704 reaching the end of the third chute 7021, but the counterweight 6 still needs to continue sliding. To solve this problem, the vacuum freeze-drying equipment configured for hot fluorine melting and ice alternation also includes a second adjusting mechanism. The second adjusting mechanism is configured to adjust the number of movable pulleys according to the rotation angle of the first rotating seat 701. Therefore, the larger the rotation angle of the first rotating seat 701, the fewer movable pulleys are adjusted, thereby reducing the ratio between the moving distance of the adjusting block 704 and the moving distance of the counterweight 6, so that the sliding amount of the adjusting block 704 can meet the sliding amount required by the counterweight 6.

[0074] Specifically, when the first rotating seat 701 rotates to the first angle, the third movable pulley 7059 is first adjusted to a fixed pulley, so that the ratio between the moving distance of the adjusting block 704 and the moving distance of the counterweight 6 is 4:1. When the first rotating seat 701 rotates to the second angle, which is greater than the first angle, the second movable pulley 7058 is further adjusted to a fixed pulley, so that the ratio between the moving distance of the adjusting block 704 and the moving distance of the counterweight 6 is 2:1, ensuring that the sliding amount of the adjusting block 704 meets the sliding amount required by the counterweight 6. This ensures that the sliding distance of the adjusting block 704 is sufficient for drying different materials, improving its applicability.

[0075] The second adjustment mechanism includes two protrusions 801, which are fixedly disposed at the bottom center of the fixed shaft 303 and are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, and are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the fixed shaft 303. A blocking frame 802 is provided on the first rotating seat 701. The blocking frame 802 is a strip structure and is arranged parallel to the first rotating seat 701. The left and right ends of the blocking frame 802 are slidably mounted on the first rotating seat 701. Under the sliding engagement, the blocking frame 802 can only slide in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the first rotating seat 701. The blocking frame 802 is connected to the first rotating seat 701 through a first elastic member. Under the action of the first elastic member, the blocking frame 802 can slide elastically in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the first rotating seat 701. The first elastic member can be set as a tension spring 803. Under the action of the tension spring 803, the blocking frame 802 has an upward tendency to move, ensuring that the blocking frame 802 can be reset. The top of the blocking frame 802 can form a stop engagement with the protrusion 801. Under the push of the protrusion 801, the blocking frame 802 can slide downward in a direction perpendicular to the extension of the first rotating seat 701.

[0076] Each fourth slide groove 7013 is provided with a first insertion hole group, and each first insertion hole group includes multiple first insertion holes 804. The multiple first insertion holes 804 in the same first insertion hole group are arranged at intervals along the fourth slide groove 7013. A first insertion rod 805 is inserted through the second movable pulley 7058 and the third movable pulley 7059. The first insertion rod 805 is perpendicular to the first rotating seat 701. The first insertion rod 805 can slide along its own extension direction, and its upper end can form a stop with the blocking frame 802, and its lower end can be inserted into the first insertion hole 804. The first insertion rod 805 is connected to the second movable pulley 7058 or the third movable pulley 7059 through a second elastic member. Under the action of the second elastic member, the first insertion rod 805... 05 can slide elastically along its own extension direction; the second elastic element can be set as the first compression spring 806. Under the action of the first compression spring 806, the first insertion rod 805 has an upward tendency, which ensures that the first insertion rod 805 can be reset after being pressed down, and also ensures that the first insertion rod 805 is disengaged from the first insertion hole 804 at the beginning, so as to avoid affecting the sliding of the second movable pulley 7058 and the third movable pulley 7059; the length of the first insertion rod 805 on the third movable pulley 7059 is greater than the length of the first insertion rod 805 on the second movable pulley 7058, so that the first insertion rod 805 on the third movable pulley 7059 contacts the stop frame 802 first before the first insertion rod 805 on the second movable pulley 7058, and forms a stop engagement.

[0077] During use, when the first rotating seat 701 tilts and rotates, it synchronously drives the blocking frame 802 to tilt and rotate. Since the protrusion 801 remains stationary, the blocking frame 802 moves closer to the protrusion 801. After the blocking frame 802 contacts the protrusion 801, as the first rotating seat 701 continues to rotate, the blocking frame 802 moves downward under the push of the protrusion 801, and the tension spring 803 is stretched synchronously. When the blocking frame 802 contacts the first insert rod 805 on the third movable pulley 7059, it indicates that the groove length of the third sliding groove 7021 is insufficient. As the first rotating seat 701 continues to rotate, under the push of the blocking frame 802, the first insert rod 805 on the third movable pulley 7059 moves downward and inserts into the first insertion hole 804, making the third movable pulley 7059 a fixed pulley, so that the ratio between the moving distance of the adjusting block 704 and the moving distance of the counterweight block 6 is 4:1.

[0078] When the blocking frame 802 and the first insert rod 805 on the second movable pulley 7058 come into contact, as the first rotating seat 701 continues to rotate, under the pushing force of the blocking frame 802, the first insert rod 805 on the second movable pulley 7058 moves downward and inserts into the first insertion hole 804, making the second movable pulley 7058 a fixed pulley. This makes the ratio between the moving distance of the adjusting block 704 and the moving distance of the counterweight 6 2:1, ensuring that the sliding amount of the adjusting block 704 meets the sliding amount required by the counterweight 6. This ensures that the sliding distance of the adjusting block 704 is sufficient for drying different materials, improving its applicability.

[0079] In other embodiments, to avoid the situation where the length of the third chute 7021 is insufficient, the weight of the counterweight 6 can be adjusted, and specifically, it can be achieved by replacing the counterweight 6 with a different weight.

[0080] Thus, the greater the weight difference between units of material and the more uneven the placement, the more likely the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole will deviate far from the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. In this case, a heavier counterweight 6 can be replaced. When the counterweight 6 moves the same distance, it will exert a greater torque on the shelf 4 due to its greater weight, which will drive the shelf 4 to rotate to the horizontal position in advance. This will ensure that the sliding distance of the adjusting block 704 is sufficient when drying different materials, thus improving its applicability.

[0081] In other embodiments, to enable the weight of the counterweight 6 to be adjustable, the counterweight 6 may be configured to include multiple counterweight blocks 601, which are stacked and bonded to adjacent counterweight blocks 601, so that the multiple counterweight blocks 601 can be pulled and moved synchronously by the rope 706; mounting brackets 9 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat 701, with two mounting brackets 9 corresponding to each other. The mounting brackets 9 are U-shaped plate structures with their openings facing upwards and can slide along a direction perpendicular to the extension of the first rotating seat 701. The two ends of the mounting brackets 9 slide through the first rotating seat 701; multiple fourth insertion holes are provided on the plate surface of each mounting bracket 9 on both sides, and multiple fourth insertion holes on the same plate surface are... The holes are arranged side by side and spaced apart along the extension direction of the plate. The fourth insertion holes on different plates of the same mounting bracket 9 are correspondingly provided. At least two fifth insertion holes are opened on the plate surface of the bottom plate of each mounting bracket 9. Multiple fifth insertion holes are arranged side by side and spaced apart along the extension direction of the bottom plate. A second insertion rod 10 is inserted into the two corresponding fourth insertion holes on different plates of the same mounting bracket 9. The second insertion rod 10 is simultaneously inserted into the first rotating seat 701, thereby restricting the position of the mounting bracket 9. A second insertion rod 10 is inserted into at least two fifth insertion holes. These second insertion rods 10 are simultaneously inserted into the same counterweight block 601, so that the counterweight block 601 can be disengaged from the lower counterweight block 601 to adjust the weight of the counterweight block 6.

[0082] During use, the greater the weight difference between unit materials and the more uneven the placement, the more likely the center of gravity of the materials and the entire shelf 4 will deviate far from the vertical center line of the slide rail 2. In this case, first pull out the second insertion rod 10, then move the mounting frame 9 upward to a certain layer of counterweight block 601, then insert the second insertion rod 10 into the counterweight block 601, and then continue to move the mounting frame 9 upward so that the counterweight block 601 of this layer is separated from the lower counterweight block 601. Then, pass the second insertion rod 10 through the fourth insertion hole and insert it into the shelf. The first rotating seat 701 is located inside the first rotating seat, thereby simultaneously locking the positions of the mounting frame 9 and the counterweight blocks 601 of the same and above layers. As the first rotating seat 701 tilts, the remaining counterweight blocks 601 move upward along the first rotating seat 701. Since the weight of the remaining counterweight blocks 601 is greater at this time, with the same moving distance, the torque they generate on the shelf 4 is greater due to the greater gravity they experience. This allows the shelf 4 to be rotated to a horizontal position earlier, thus ensuring that the sliding distance of the adjusting block 704 is sufficient when drying different materials, thereby improving its applicability.

[0083] In a further embodiment, to improve the stability of the second insertion rod 10 when inserted into the first rotating seat 701 or the counterweight block 601, mounting plates 14 are vertically fixed on the front and rear side walls of the first rotating seat 701 at positions corresponding to the second insertion rod 10. Mounting plates 14 are also vertically fixed on each mounting bracket 9 at positions corresponding to the fifth insertion hole. The mounting plates 14 have a U-shaped structure and the opening faces upward. The second insertion rod 10 passes through the mounting plates 14 during installation. A second compression spring 15 is sleeved on each second insertion rod 10. The second compression spring 15 connects the front inner side surface of the mounting plate 14 and the second insertion rod 10. Under the action of the second compression spring 15, the second insertion rod 10 has an inward insertion tendency, thereby improving the stability of the second insertion rod 10 when inserted.

[0084] In other embodiments, to improve the stability of the shelf 4 when sliding along the slide rail 2, multiple roller sets are provided, and the multiple roller sets are arranged horizontally at intervals in the front-to-back direction. Exemplarily, the number of roller sets may be two.

[0085] In other embodiments, the core components of existing vacuum freeze-drying equipment include a refrigeration system, a vacuum system, a heating system, a control system, a cold trap, and a drying chamber. The refrigeration system uses a hermetic compressor with a refrigeration temperature of -60°C to -110°C (cold trap temperature) for pre-freezing materials and capturing sublimated water vapor. The vacuum system uses a vacuum pump (such as an oil rotary vane pump) to reduce the pressure in the drying chamber to ≤10Pa (no load) to maintain the low-pressure environment required for sublimation, and is equipped with a vacuum sensor (such as a Pirani gauge) and regulating valve to precisely control the vacuum level. The heating system includes shelves, with partitions 7022 using indirect heating (heat transfer oil or electric heating) with a temperature range of -40°C to +70°C, providing sublimation heat and desorption heat in stages. The control system controls the freeze-drying curve through a touch screen program, monitors temperature, vacuum level, and running time in real time, and supports data export and fault alarms. The cold trap captures water vapor and condenses it into frost. The drying chamber holds the materials.

[0086] The working process includes 1. the pre-freezing stage, the purpose of which is to completely freeze the free water in the material into ice crystals to avoid liquid concentration and deformation during drying.

[0087] 2. Sublimation drying (single-stage drying): The conditions are: vacuum degree ≤ 15 Pa + cold trap temperature ≤ -40℃, which forms the driving force for ice crystal sublimation. The specific process is as follows: after evacuating to the set value, the shelf is gradually heated (e.g., -10℃ → +10℃) to provide the latent heat of sublimation (2822 J / g). The ice crystals sublimate into water vapor, which is captured and condensed by the cold trap (to prevent backflow to the vacuum pump).

[0088] 3. Desorption drying (secondary drying): The purpose is to remove bound water (residual moisture adsorbed in capillaries or between molecules). Specifically, the temperature is raised to 30℃-50℃ (not exceeding the material's heat resistance limit), and the holding time is extended (approximately 1 / 3 of the total drying time). The vacuum level is further reduced to 1-5 Pa to ensure residual moisture ≤5%.

[0089] 4. Shutdown and Air Injection: Open the air injection valve to inject sterile air (or nitrogen) to prevent oil backflow contamination of the vacuum pump. Material Storage: Quickly seal dry materials (such as vial caps) to prevent moisture absorption. Ice De-icing Maintenance: Start the cold trap ice de-icing program, drain and clean, and record operating data.

[0090] The above describes the working process of a one-time capture vacuum freeze-drying equipment, with ice melting occurring after the process is complete. In a typical workflow, capturing water vapor in the cold trap and ice melting are two sequential processes that cannot be performed in parallel. Furthermore, during ice melting, additional energy is required to heat the cold trap to achieve the desired effect, resulting in high energy consumption and a long freeze-drying cycle.

[0091] To solve this problem, the vacuum freeze-drying equipment for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution provided in the embodiments of the present invention is configured to further include a refrigeration system and two cold traps. The cold traps are respectively connected to the refrigeration system and the drying shell 1, and are configured to receive both water vapor from inside the drying shell 1 and cold or heat from the refrigeration system.

[0092] Therefore, the drying and ice-melting stages can be alternated by switching valves, ensuring continuous production. Furthermore, the high-temperature Freon gas (e.g., 70-120℃) discharged from the refrigeration system compressor is used as a heat source 5, which is introduced in reverse into the cold trap to be melted. The ice layer is directly melted through heat exchange, replacing traditional hot water or electric heating methods. The low-temperature Freon liquid after melting is recovered into the refrigeration system, compressed, and converted back into high-temperature gas, achieving thermal energy circulation and reducing energy consumption.

[0093] In a further embodiment, to avoid frequent system vacuum failures, the vacuum freeze-drying equipment with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice melting is further configured to include a steam heater. The steam heater is connected to both cold traps and is configured to generate negative pressure steam. Thus, the negative pressure steam generated by the steam heater assists in ice melting, reducing vacuum loss and preventing frequent system vacuum failures.

[0094] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a vacuum freeze-drying control method for alternating hot fluorine-dissolving-ice drying, wherein the material is dried using the aforementioned vacuum freeze-drying equipment for alternating hot fluorine-dissolving-ice drying, and the vacuum freeze-drying control method for alternating hot fluorine-dissolving-ice drying includes the following steps:

[0095] S1. Place the material on the shelf 4; when the center of gravity of the material and the shelf 4 as a whole is biased to one side, under the action of the first adjustment mechanism, the counterweight 6 moves to the other side, so that the center of gravity of the material, the shelf 4 and the counterweight 6 as a whole coincides with the vertical center line of the slide rail 2.

[0096] Specifically, ensuring that the load on both sides of the first roller 301 and the second roller 302 is consistent can not only avoid localized excessive wear on the first roller 301 and the second roller 302, thus extending their service life, but also improve the moving stability of the shelf 4, thereby helping to improve the operational reliability of the equipment.

[0097] S2. Open the drying shell 1 and move the shelf 4 along the slide rail 2 into the drying shell 1 using the rollers.

[0098] Specifically, firstly, the cover 102 is slid to the right along the guide rail 11 to open the front port of the housing 101; then, the movable rail 13 is rotated so that the movable rail 13 connects with the fixed rail 12 and the slide rail 2; then, under the action of the roller group, the shelf 4 is driven by the sliding seat 3 to enter the interior of the housing 101 in sequence through the fixed rail 12, the movable rail 13 and the slide rail 2.

[0099] S3. Seal the drying shell 1 and evacuate the inside of the drying shell 1 into a vacuum;

[0100] Specifically, firstly, the movable rail 13 is rotated so that there is a preset angle between the movable rail 13 and the fixed rail 12; then, the cover 102 is slid to the left along the guide rail 11 to close the front port of the housing 101; then, the inside of the drying housing 1 is evacuated to a vacuum (pressure < 10) through the vacuum system.

[0101] S4. By generating cold energy through a cold source, the free water on the material is converted into solid ice;

[0102] Specifically, the material is frozen to -45 to -30°C inside the drying shell 1.

[0103] S5. Heat is generated through heat source 5 to provide the heat required for the sublimation of solid ice, so that solid ice is converted into water vapor;

[0104] S6. Pass the water vapor in the drying shell 1 into the first cold trap;

[0105] S7. Start the refrigeration system. The refrigeration system inputs cold energy into the first cold trap, causing the water vapor in the first cold trap to turn into solid ice.

[0106] Specifically, the refrigerant (ammonia or Freon) evaporates and absorbs heat (-50°C) in the first cold trap, capturing sublimated water vapor and freezing it; the second cold trap is in standby mode after the ice melts, with the valve closed.

[0107] S8. When the thickness of the solid ice in the first cold trap reaches the set threshold, the water vapor in the drying shell 1 is introduced into the second cold trap. The refrigeration system inputs heat into the first cold trap, causing the solid ice in the first cold trap to melt into liquid water, and then discharges the liquid water. At the same time, the steam heater is activated, generating negative pressure steam, which is introduced into the first cold trap. The refrigeration system simultaneously inputs cold energy into the second cold trap, causing the water vapor in the second cold trap to convert into solid ice.

[0108] Specifically, the threshold can be set to 10mm; liquid water can be discharged through a drain pump; the steam heater generates negative pressure steam to prevent vacuum fluctuations.

[0109] S9. When the thickness of the solid ice in the second cold trap reaches the set threshold, water vapor in the drying shell 1 is introduced into the first cold trap. The refrigeration system inputs heat into the second cold trap, causing the solid ice in the second cold trap to melt into liquid water, and then discharges the liquid water. At the same time, the steam heater is activated, generating negative pressure steam, which is then introduced into the second cold trap. Simultaneously, the refrigeration system inputs cold energy into the first cold trap, causing the water vapor in the first cold trap to convert into solid ice. Repeat steps S8-S9.

[0110] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A vacuum freeze-drying apparatus for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice drying, characterized in that, The vacuum freeze-drying equipment with alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution includes: Dry shell; A slide rail is provided at the top inside the drying shell and extends in the front-to-back direction; A sliding seat is mounted on the slide rail and is slidably connected to the slide rail via rollers; A shelf is provided at the bottom of the sliding seat and configured to hold materials; the interior of the drying shell is also provided with a cold source and a heat source, the cold source being used to provide the cooling required for the free water on the material to solidify into solid ice, and the heat source being used to provide the heat required for the solid ice to sublimate. A counterweight is mounted on the shelf and can slide along the slide rail in the left and right directions. The first adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the position of the counterweight according to the horizontal offset between the center of gravity of the material and the shelf as a whole and the vertical center line of the slide rail, so that the center of gravity of the material, the shelf and the counterweight as a whole coincides with the vertical center line of the slide rail. The system includes a refrigeration system and two cold traps, which are connected to the refrigeration system and the drying shell, respectively, and are configured to receive both water vapor from inside the drying shell and cold or heat from the refrigeration system. A steam heater is connected to both of the cold traps and is configured to generate negative pressure steam.

2. The vacuum freeze-drying equipment for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adjustment mechanism includes a first rotating seat, which is disposed at the bottom of the sliding seat and is rotatable about a first axis. The first axis extends horizontally and is in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail. The shelf is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the first rotating seat. The counterweight is disposed on the first rotating seat. Second rotating seats are disposed on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat. The second rotating seats are rotatable about a second axis, which is parallel to the first axis and is in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail. The first rotating seat, the second rotating seat, and the sliding seat are connected by a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly is configured such that the rotation angle ratio between the first rotating seat and the second rotating seat is 1:N, where N is a real number greater than 1. Each second rotating seat is provided with an adjustment block, which is slidable along the left and right directions of the slide rail. Each adjustment block and the counterweight are connected by a rope through a force-saving pulley assembly. Two ropes are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the counterweight, respectively. The two force-saving pulley assemblies are symmetrically arranged about the center of the sliding seat.

3. The vacuum freeze-drying equipment for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes two first gear pulleys, which are respectively fixedly disposed on the front and rear sides of the sliding seat. The axes of the first gear pulleys coincide with the first axis and are in the same vertical plane as the vertical center line of the slide rail. Second gear pulleys are fixedly disposed on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat. The axes of the second gear pulleys are parallel to the first axis and mesh with the first gear pulleys. A third gear pulley is fixedly disposed on each of the second rotating seats. The axis of the third gear pulley coincides with the second axis. The third gear pulley forms a transmission connection with the second gear pulley through the transmission belt.

4. The vacuum freeze-drying equipment for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned labor-saving pulley assemblies includes multiple fixed pulleys and multiple movable pulleys; the hot-fluorine-ice-dissolving alternating vacuum freeze-drying equipment also includes a second adjustment mechanism, which is configured to adjust the number of movable pulleys according to the rotation angle of the first rotating seat, so that the larger the rotation angle of the first rotating seat, the fewer movable pulleys are adjusted.

5. The vacuum freeze-drying apparatus for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second adjustment mechanism includes two protrusions, which are fixedly disposed on the left and right sides of the sliding seat and symmetrically arranged about the first axis. A blocking frame is provided on the first rotating seat. The blocking frame can slide elastically in a direction perpendicular to the first axis and can form a stop engagement with the protrusions. Two first insertion hole groups are provided on the first rotating seat. Each first insertion hole group includes multiple first insertion holes. The multiple first insertion holes in the same first insertion hole group are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the first axis. At least one movable pulley of each of the force-saving pulley assemblies is fitted with a first insertion rod. The first insertion rod can slide elastically in a direction perpendicular to the first axis and can form a stop engagement with the blocking frame and can be inserted into the first insertion hole.

6. The vacuum freeze-drying apparatus for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weight of the counterweight can be adjusted.

7. The vacuum freeze-drying apparatus for alternating hot fluorine melting and ice dissolution according to claim 6, characterized in that, The counterweight includes multiple counterweight segments arranged vertically, with adjacent counterweight segments bonded together. Mounting brackets are provided on both the front and rear sides of the first rotating seat, and the mounting brackets can slide in a direction perpendicular to the first axis. Each mounting bracket is provided with at least two second inserts, at least one of which can be inserted into the first rotating seat and at least one of which can be inserted into the counterweight segment.

8. A method for controlling vacuum freeze-drying with alternating hot fluorine-dissolving and ice-drying processes, characterized in that, The vacuum freeze-drying equipment with alternating hot fluorine dissolution and ice drying as described in claim 1, wherein the vacuum freeze-drying control method with alternating hot fluorine dissolution and ice drying includes the following steps: S1. Place the material on the shelf; when the center of gravity of the material and the shelf as a whole is biased to one side, under the action of the first adjustment mechanism, the counterweight moves to the other side, so that the center of gravity of the material, the shelf and the counterweight as a whole coincides with the vertical center line of the slide rail. S2. Open the drying shell and use the rollers to move the shelf along the slide rail into the drying shell; S3. Seal the drying shell and evacuate the inside of the drying shell to create a vacuum. S4. By generating cold energy through a cold source, the free water on the material is converted into solid ice; S5. Heat is generated through a heat source to provide the heat required for the sublimation of solid ice, turning solid ice into water vapor; S6. Pass the water vapor in the drying shell into the first cold trap; S7. Start the refrigeration system, which inputs cold energy into the first cold trap, causing the water vapor in the first cold trap to be converted into solid ice; S8. When the thickness of the solid ice in the first cold trap reaches a set threshold, water vapor in the drying shell is introduced into the second cold trap. The refrigeration system inputs heat into the first cold trap, causing the solid ice in the first cold trap to melt into liquid water, and then discharges the liquid water. At the same time, the steam heater is activated, generating negative pressure steam, which is introduced into the first cold trap. The refrigeration system simultaneously inputs cooling energy into the second cold trap, causing the water vapor in the second cold trap to convert into solid ice. S9. When the thickness of the solid ice in the second cold trap reaches a set threshold, water vapor in the drying shell is introduced into the first cold trap. The refrigeration system inputs heat into the second cold trap, causing the solid ice in the second cold trap to melt into liquid water, and then discharges the liquid water. At the same time, the steam heater is activated, generating negative pressure steam, which is introduced into the second cold trap. The refrigeration system simultaneously inputs cooling energy into the first cold trap, causing the water vapor in the first cold trap to convert into solid ice. Steps S8-S9 are repeated.

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