Multi-mass specific gravity classificator

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-mass specific gravity classificator which comprises an amplitude detection device, a temperature detection device, a current detection device, a limiting detection device, a programmable logic controller (PLC) control system, a touch screen, an execution mechanism, an air cylinder execution mechanism, an alarm device and a vibration mechanism. The PLC control system comprises a PLC and an operation button, the PLC receives an amplitude signal, a temperature signal, a current signal, a limiting signal, a fault signal and a control signal of the operation button, and power-on operation of the execution mechanism, the air cylinder execution mechanism, the electromagnetic valve and the alarm device is controlled. Operation of the classificator is monitored in real time by receiving an amplitude signal, a temperature signal, a current signal, a limiting signal and a fault signal, automatic control is achieved, an alarm can be automatically given when a fault occurs, meanwhile, parameter setting can be achieved through a touch screen, the operation state of the classificator can be displayed, and control is achieved through an operation button.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sorting machine technology, and in particular to a multi-mass specific gravity sorting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-mass gravity separators are widely used in construction waste disposal lines, recyclable resource recovery, and other fields to separate materials based on differences in density and particle size. Their core principle is to use physical means such as vibration and airflow to separate light and heavy materials into strata, which are then separated mechanically or pneumatically.

[0003] Traditional gravity separators often use relay logic circuits for control, resulting in a lack of coordination between various actuators (such as vibratory motors and cylinders), leading to instability in the sorting process. In actual use, the start-up, shutdown, speed adjustment, and amplitude regulation of the equipment mainly rely on manual experience. Operators adjust these functions visually or based on experience, resulting in slow response times and inaccurate adjustments. Furthermore, the system lacks monitoring of temperature and current, leading to a high failure rate. Troubleshooting also relies on manual experience, resulting in long downtimes and reduced work efficiency. Moreover, when problems arise requiring maintenance, the relay logic circuit control method does not consider the need for multi-mechanism linkage, hindering flexible adjustments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a multi-mass specific gravity sorting machine to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0005] A multi-mass specific gravity sorting machine includes an amplitude detection device, a temperature detection device, a current detection device, a limit detection device, a programmable logic controller (PLC) control system, a touch screen, an actuator, a cylinder actuator, an alarm device, and a vibration mechanism.

[0006] The programmable logic controller (PLC) control system includes a PLC controller and operation buttons. The PLC controller receives amplitude signals, temperature signals, current signals, limit signals, fault signals, and control signals from the operation buttons to control the power supply and operation of the actuators, cylinder actuators, solenoid valves, and alarm devices.

[0007] The touchscreen is connected to the PLC controller and is used for setting parameters and displaying the system's operating status.

[0008] The amplitude detection device is located on both sides of the vibration mechanism. The detection probe of the amplitude detection device is converted into an amplitude signal recognizable by the PLC controller via a detection instrument. The temperature detection device is located at the mechanical transmission part below the vibration mechanism. The temperature probe of the temperature detection device is converted into a temperature signal recognizable by the PLC controller via a temperature module. The current detection device is located at the output end of the frequency converter. The signal enters the instrument via a current transformer and is converted into a current signal recognizable by the PLC controller. All the signals recognizable by the PLC controller are connected to a signal isolator via shielded cables and then enter the PLC controller via signal isolation. The limit detection device is located at the cylinders on both sides. Limits are set at the open and closed positions of the cylinders. The limit detection device detects the cylinders at the open and closed positions. After detecting the limit signal, it enters the PLC controller via a cable.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature detection device uses a Pt100 temperature sensor, the current detection device uses a current transformer, and the limit detection device uses an electromagnetic induction probe to detect the position signal.

[0010] Preferably, the alarm device is a signal indicator light output by the PLC controller.

[0011] Preferably, the actuator is a frequency converter, and the cylinder actuator is a solenoid valve.

[0012] Preferably, the PLC controller includes circuit breakers QF0-QF5, frequency converters VF1-VF2, relays KA1-KA3, contactors KM1-KM2, solenoid valves YV1-YV2, thermal relays FR1-FR2, fuses FU1-FU3, and operation buttons. The input terminals of the PLC controller are respectively connected to amplitude signals, temperature signals, current signals, limit signals, fault signals, and control signals from the operation buttons. The output terminals are connected to the coils of relays KA1-KA4 and fault indicator lights. The normally open contacts of relays KA1 are respectively connected between the coils of contactors KM1-KM2, frequency converters VF1-VF2, and the power supply. The normally open contacts of relays KA2 are connected between the coil of solenoid valve YV1 and the power supply. The normally open contacts of relays KA3 are connected between the coil of solenoid valve YV2 and the power supply.

[0013] The selection machine also includes two motors, namely the first motor and the second motor. The first motor's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF1, frequency converter VF1, contactor KM1, and thermal relay FR1 in sequence from the power supply end. The second motor's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF2, frequency converter VF2, contactor KM2, and thermal relay FR2 in sequence from the power supply end. The electrical control circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF3 and fuse FU1 in sequence from the power supply end. The instrument and solenoid valve's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF4 and fuse FU2 in sequence from the power supply end. The PLC module's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF5, power module, and fuse FU3 in sequence from the power supply end.

[0014] The multi-mass specific gravity separator of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The multi-mass specific gravity separator of this invention is controlled by a PLC controller. The PLC receives amplitude, temperature, current, limit, and fault signals to monitor the separator's operation in real time, enabling automatic control. It automatically alarms in case of a fault. Parameters can be set via a touchscreen, the separator's operating status is displayed, and control is achieved via operation buttons. The manual / automatic switch and operation buttons in the PLC control system are for the manual operation of the actuators and cylinder actuators. During equipment debugging or in case of a fault, each device can be manually started and debugged individually. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-particle specific gravity separation machine of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the overall control structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is the electrical main circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is the circuit diagram of the PLC controller of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the PLC output relay of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Amplitude detection; 2. Temperature detection; 3. Current detection; 4. Limit detection; 5. Logic control unit (PLC); 6. Touch screen; 7. Actuator; 8. Cylinder actuator; 9. Alarm device Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0025] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the multi-mass specific gravity sorting machine of the present invention includes an amplitude detection device, a temperature detection device, a current detection device, a limit detection device, a programmable logic controller (PLC) control system, a touch screen, an actuator, a cylinder actuator, an alarm device, and a vibration mechanism.

[0030] The programmable logic controller (PLC) control system includes a PLC controller and operation buttons. The PLC controller receives amplitude signals, temperature signals, current signals, limit signals, fault signals, and control signals from the operation buttons to control the power supply and operation of the actuators, cylinder actuators, solenoid valves, and alarm devices.

[0031] The touchscreen is connected to the PLC controller and is used for setting parameters and displaying the system's operating status.

[0032] The amplitude detection device is located on both sides of the vibration mechanism. The detection probe of the amplitude detection device is converted into an amplitude signal recognizable by the PLC controller via a detection instrument. The temperature detection device is located at the mechanical transmission part below the vibration mechanism. The temperature probe of the temperature detection device is converted into a temperature signal recognizable by the PLC via a temperature module. The current detection device is located at the output end of the frequency converter. The signal enters the instrument via a current transformer and is converted into a current signal recognizable by the PLC controller. All of the above PLC-recognizable signals are connected to a signal isolator via shielded cables and then enter the PLC controller via signal isolation. The limit detection device is located on both sides of the cylinder. Limits are set at the open and closed positions of the cylinders. The limit detection device detects the cylinders at the open and closed positions. The limit signal is transmitted to the PLC controller via a cable.

[0033] The PLC controller includes circuit breakers QF0-QF5, frequency converters VF1-VF2, relays KA1-KA3, contactors KM1-KM2, solenoid valves YV1-YV2, thermal relays FR1-FR2, fuses FU1-FU3, and operation buttons. The input terminals of the PLC controller are connected to amplitude signals, temperature signals, current signals, limit signals, fault signals, and control signals from the operation buttons. The output terminals are connected to the coils of relays KA1-KA4 and fault indicator lights. The normally open contacts of relays KA1 are connected between the coils of contactors KM1-KM2, frequency converters VF1-VF2, and the power supply. The normally open contacts of relays KA2 are connected between the coil of solenoid valve YV1 and the power supply. The normally open contacts of relays KA3 are connected between the coil of solenoid valve YV2 and the power supply.

[0034] The selection machine also includes two motors, namely the first motor and the second motor. The first motor's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF1, frequency converter VF1, contactor KM1, and thermal relay FR1 in sequence from the power supply end. The second motor's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF2, frequency converter VF2, contactor KM2, and thermal relay FR2 in sequence from the power supply end. The electrical control circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF3 and fuse FU1 in sequence from the power supply end. The instrument and solenoid valve's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF4 and fuse FU2 in sequence from the power supply end. The PLC module's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF5, power module, and fuse FU3 in sequence from the power supply end.

[0035] The temperature detection device uses a Pt100 temperature sensor, the current detection device uses a current transformer, and the limit detection device uses an electromagnetic induction probe to detect the position signal.

[0036] The alarm device is a signal indicator light output by the PLC controller.

[0037] The actuator is a frequency converter, and the cylinder actuator is a solenoid valve.

[0038] The working process of this invention:

[0039] When the selector switch is in the manual position, check that there is no alarm indication on the equipment. Click the start button for the first and second motors. The PLC controller receives the start signals for the first and second motors, sets them via the touch screen, and outputs signals to the intermediate relay KA1 coil. After the KA1 coil is energized, the auxiliary contact closes, the inverter VF1 start signal DI1 is activated, and the VF2 start signal DI1 is activated. At the same time, the contactors KM1 and KM2 coils of the fan are energized and closed. The first motor runs through circuit breakers QF0 and QF1 and inverter VF1, and the second motor runs through circuit breakers QF0 and QF2 and inverter VF2. The first and second motors run simultaneously. Fan 1 is connected via circuit breakers QF0 and QF1, contactor KM1, and thermal relay FR1. Fan 2 is connected via circuit breakers QF0 and QF2, contactor KM2, and thermal relay FR2. The two fans run synchronously. When the stop buttons for the first and second motors are pressed, the PLC controller receives the signal and stops outputting a signal to the coil of relay KA1. The coil of KA1 is de-energized, and the auxiliary contact of relay KA1 opens. After the auxiliary contact opens, the frequency converters VF1 and VF2 are de-energized, and the first and second motors stop running. The coils of fan contactors KM1 and KM2 are de-energized, and contactors KM1 and KM2 of both fans open and stop running.

[0040] When the solenoid valve 1 open button is pressed and held, the PLC controller receives the solenoid valve 1 open signal and outputs a signal to the relay KA2 coil. After the relay KA2 coil is energized, the auxiliary contact closes, solenoid valve YV1 is energized, and cylinder 1 opens. When it opens to the limit 1 position, limit 1 closes, and its limit 1 signal enters the PLC controller, displaying the open position on the touch screen. When the solenoid valve 1 open button is released, the PLC controller no longer receives the solenoid valve 1 open signal and stops outputting a signal to the relay KA2 coil. After the relay KA2 coil is de-energized, the auxiliary contact opens, solenoid valve YV1 is de-energized, cylinder 1 retracts, limit 2 closes, and the signal enters the PLC relay, displaying the closed position on the touch screen.

[0041] When the solenoid valve 2 open button is pressed and held, the PLC controller receives the solenoid valve 2 open signal and outputs a signal to the relay KA3 coil. After the KA3 coil is energized, the auxiliary contact closes, solenoid valve YV2 is energized, and cylinder 2 opens. When it opens to the limit 3 position, the limit 3 closes, and its limit 3 signal enters the PLC controller. The touch screen displays the open position. When the solenoid valve 2 open button is released, the PLC controller no longer receives the solenoid valve 2 open signal and stops outputting a signal to the relay KA3 coil. After the KA3 coil is de-energized, the auxiliary contact opens, solenoid valve YV2 is de-energized, cylinder 2 retracts, limit 4 closes, and the signal enters the PLC controller. The touch screen displays the closed position.

[0042] When the selector switch is in the automatic position, check that there is no alarm indication on the equipment. Click the automatic start button. The PLC controller receives the automatic start signal and sends signals to the coils of relays KA1, KA2, and KA3 via the touch screen settings and the PLC controller output signals. Their auxiliary contacts close, the inverter VF1 start signal DI is activated, the inverter VF2 start signal DI is activated, and simultaneously the contactor coils KM1 and KM2 are energized and engaged. Motor 1 is connected via circuit breakers QF0 and QF1 and inverter VF1, while motor 2 is connected via circuit breakers QF0 and QF2 and inverter VF1. When VF2 is connected, the first and second motors run synchronously. Fan 1 is connected via circuit breakers QF0 and QF1, contactor KM1, and thermal relay FR1. Fan 2 is connected via circuit breakers QF0 and QF2, contactor KM2, and thermal relay FR2. The two fans run synchronously. The PLC controller outputs a synchronous signal to the coils of relays KA2 and KA3. When the coils are energized, the auxiliary contacts close. The cycle repeats for 5 seconds when energized and 5 seconds when de-energized (time adjustable). Cylinders 1 and 2 cycle synchronously. The touch screen displays the open and closed positions in a cyclical manner.

[0043] When the amplitude detection device detects that the amplitude signal is within a stable range, the equipment operates normally. When the amplitude is too large, the PLC controller makes a logical judgment and synchronously reduces the output frequency of inverters VF1 and VF2 until the amplitude reaches the set range. When the amplitude is too small, the PLC controller makes a logical judgment and synchronously increases the output frequency of inverters VF1 and VF2 until the amplitude reaches the set range. When the amplitude deviation on both sides exceeds the set value, the PLC controller issues a stop command, and the equipment stops running.

[0044] When the temperature detection device detects that the temperature signal is within a stable range, the equipment operates normally; when the temperature signal exceeds the temperature alarm value, the programmable logic controller (PLC) performs a logical judgment and outputs an alarm signal; when the temperature signal exceeds the temperature shutdown value, the PLC controller performs a logical judgment and outputs a shutdown command, and the equipment stops running.

[0045] When the current detection device detects that the current signal is within a stable range, the equipment operates normally; when the current signal exceeds the current alarm value, the PLC controller performs a logical judgment and outputs an alarm signal; when the current signal exceeds the current shutdown value, the PLC controller performs a logical judgment and outputs a shutdown command; the equipment stops running.

[0046] When the limit detection device detects that the limit signal is within a stable range, the equipment operates normally; when the duration of a certain limit signal is greater than 180 seconds (time adjustable), the PLC controller performs a logical judgment and outputs a stop command, and the equipment stops running.

[0047] When inverters VF1 and VF2, thermal relays FR1 and FR2 malfunction, the thermal relays receive the fault signal, perform logical judgment through the thermal relays, and output a shutdown command to stop the equipment from running; at the same time, they output fault indicator lights to visually indicate which equipment has malfunctioned.

[0048] An amplitude detection device is installed, and vibration probes are set on both sides of the vibrating equipment to collect the vibration amplitude of the equipment in real time. The signal is then transmitted to the thermal relay through a signal isolator.

[0049] A current detection device is installed, and a current transformer is installed at the output end of the frequency converter to collect the operating current of the equipment in real time. The signal is then transmitted to the thermal relay through a signal isolator.

[0050] A temperature detection device is installed, with temperature sensors placed at the rotating parts of the machinery to collect the temperature of the operating parts of the equipment in real time, and the signal is transmitted to the thermal relay through a signal isolator.

[0051] A limit detection device is installed, with cylinders installed on both sides of the equipment. Limit switches are installed at the open and closed positions of the cylinders. The cylinder switch status is collected in real time and the signal is transmitted to the thermal relay.

[0052] It should be noted that the above detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0053] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments described in this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0056] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways, such as rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations, and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0057] In the detailed description above, reference has been made to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this document. In the drawings, similar symbols typically identify similar parts unless the context otherwise indicates otherwise. The illustrated embodiments described in the detailed specification, drawings, and claims are not intended to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter presented herein.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-mass specific gravity separator, characterized in that: It includes amplitude detection device, temperature detection device, current detection device, limit detection device, programmable logic controller (PLC) control system, touch screen, actuator, cylinder actuator, alarm device and vibration mechanism; The programmable logic controller (PLC) control system includes a PLC controller and operation buttons. The PLC controller receives amplitude signals, temperature signals, current signals, limit signals, fault signals, and control signals from the operation buttons to control the power supply and operation of the actuators, cylinder actuators, solenoid valves, and alarm devices. The touch screen is connected to the PLC controller and is used for parameter setting and displaying the system's operating status. The amplitude detection device is located on both sides of the vibration mechanism, and its detection probe is converted into an amplitude signal recognizable by the PLC controller via a detection instrument. The temperature detection device is located at the mechanical transmission part below the vibration mechanism, and its temperature probe is converted into a temperature signal recognizable by the PLC controller via a temperature module. The current detection device is located at the inverter output terminal, and its signal enters the instrument via a current transformer, where the instrument converts the signal into a current signal recognizable by the PLC controller. All signals that the PLC controller can recognize are connected to the signal isolator through shielded cables, and then enter the PLC controller through signal isolation. The limit detection device is located at the cylinders on both sides, and limits are set at the open and closed positions of the cylinders respectively. The limit detection device detects the cylinders at the open and closed positions, and after detecting the limit signal, it enters the PLC controller through the cable.

2. The multi-mass specific gravity separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection device uses a Pt100 temperature sensor, the current detection device uses a current transformer, and the limit detection device uses an electromagnetic induction probe to detect the signal of the position.

3. The multi-mass specific gravity separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm device is a signal indicator light output by the PLC controller.

4. A multi-mass specific gravity separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The actuator is a frequency converter, and the cylinder actuator is a solenoid valve.

5. A multi-mass specific gravity separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller includes circuit breakers QF0-QF5, frequency converters VF1-VF2, relays KA1-KA3, contactors KM1-KM2, solenoid valves YV1-YV2, thermal relays FR1-FR2, fuses FU1-FU3, and operation buttons. The input terminals of the PLC controller are respectively connected to amplitude signals, temperature signals, current signals, limit signals, fault signals, and control signals from the operation buttons. The output terminals are connected to the coils of relays KA1-KA4 and a fault indicator light. The normally open contact of relay KA1 is connected between the coils of contactors KM1-KM2, frequency converters VF1-VF2, and the power supply. The normally open contact of relay KA2 is connected between the coil of solenoid valve YV1 and the power supply. The normally open contact of relay KA3 is connected to the solenoid valve... The YV2 coil is connected to the power supply; the fine-tuning machine also includes two motors, namely the first motor and the second motor. The first motor's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF1, frequency converter VF1, contactor KM1 and thermal relay FR1 in sequence from the power supply end; the second motor's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF2, frequency converter VF2, contactor KM2 and thermal relay FR2 in sequence from the power supply end; the electrical control circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF3 and fuse FU1 in sequence from the power supply end; the instrument and solenoid valve's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF4 and fuse FU2 in sequence from the power supply end; and the PLC module's electrical main circuit is formed by connecting circuit breakers QF0 and QF5, power module and fuse FU3 in sequence from the power supply end.

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