Positioning structure and process method

Abstract

According to the positioning structure and the technological method, positioning is accurate and reliable, a primary hole and standard part pin shaft connecting method of a traditional machining technology is broken through, a threaded pin shaft connecting method is innovated, a pin hole meets a pattern at a time, primary holes in the two ends of a shell part do not need to be machined again through final procedure benchmark checking, and therefore the machining efficiency is improved, and time and labor are saved. The positioning structure comprises a first transition disc and a second transition disc, the first transition disc and the second transition disc are used for being connected with the two axial ends of a to-be-machined workpiece in a positioning mode correspondingly, and a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the positions, close to the periphery, of the first transition disc and the second transition disc at intervals in the circumferential direction. The positioning holes of the first transition disc and the second transition disc are connected with the pin holes in the two axial ends of the workpiece to be machined in a one-to-one correspondence mode through positioning pieces, and a positioning column is arranged in the middle of the outer end of the first transition disc and used for being connected with a machine tool tip. The second transition disc is connected with a machine tool rotary table.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to a positioning structure and process method. Background Technology

[0002] In the CNC machining of housing parts, due to the special structure of the product, it is often impossible to complete all machining processes of the part in a single clamping. Because of the special machining requirements, housing parts have multiple circumferentially distributed threaded holes machined at the ends. In traditional machining processes, the two ends of the housing part are clamped on the machine tool to perform external feature machining, such as milling and surface grooving. Usually, a clamping tool such as a standard cylindrical pin is used to position and clamp the two ends of the housing part to realize the conversion of the process datum. After the external features of the housing part are machined, the clamping tool is removed and the process datum is checked again before the initial holes at the two ends of the housing part are machined to meet the drawing requirements. This process requires multiple operations to complete the machining, resulting in low machining efficiency and being time-consuming and labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention provides a positioning structure and process method that provides accurate and reliable positioning. It uses a threaded pin connection method, and the pin hole meets the drawing requirements in one operation. This eliminates the need for final process benchmark verification and subsequent machining of the initial holes at both ends of the housing part, thereby improving processing efficiency and saving time and effort.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a positioning structure, including a first transition plate and a second transition plate. The first transition plate and the second transition plate are respectively used to position and connect the axial ends of the workpiece to be processed. The first transition plate and the second transition plate are provided with a plurality of positioning holes at intervals along the circumference near their outer periphery, and the positions of the positioning holes correspond to the pin holes at the ends of the workpiece to be processed. The positioning holes of the first transition plate and the second transition plate are respectively connected to the pin holes at the axial ends of the workpiece to be processed one-to-one through positioning elements. A positioning post is provided at the middle position of the outer end of the first transition plate, and the positioning post is used to connect with the machine tool center. The second transition plate is used to connect with the machine tool rotary table.

[0005] Furthermore, the positioning structure also includes a fixed plate, which has a plurality of positioning holes spaced circumferentially near its outer periphery. The positioning holes of the fixed plate correspond to those of the second transition plate. The fixed plate and the second transition plate are connected to the pin holes of the workpiece to be processed through the positioning element. The outer end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the machine tool rotary table.

[0006] Furthermore, a flange is provided at the middle position of the inner end of the fixed plate, and a window is opened at the middle position of the second transition plate, and the flange is inserted into the window.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed disk has multiple keyways spaced circumferentially near its center position. The positions of the keyways correspond to the key teeth of the machine tool rotary table's shaft. The fixed disk and the machine tool rotary table's shaft are fixedly connected through the keyways and key teeth.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed plate has a clearance hole at its center, which corresponds to the center hole of the machine tool rotary table.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing plate has a disassembly groove, which is close to the side of the fixing plate and extends inward from the edge of the fixing plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the center of the positioning column is provided with a top hole along the axial direction, and the tip of the machine tool center extends into and abuts against the top hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the second transition plate has an expansion groove at its radial end, and the expansion groove has a radial expansion hole.

[0012] Furthermore, both the positioning hole and the pin hole are threaded holes, and the positioning element is a threaded positioning pin.

[0013] The present invention also provides a process method using the above-described positioning structure, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Machining the pin holes at both ends of the workpiece to be machined;

[0015] (2) The first transition plate and the second transition plate are respectively connected to the pin holes at the end of the workpiece through the positioning holes by the positioning parts. The positioning pin of the first transition plate is connected to the center of the machine tool, and the second transition plate is connected to the turntable of the machine tool.

[0016] (3) Use machine tools to process the workpiece.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention sets up a first transition plate and a second transition plate. After the pin holes at both ends of the workpiece are machined, the positioning component passes through the positioning holes of the first and second transition plates and is positioned and connected to the pin holes at the ends of the workpiece. The positioning post of the first transition plate is connected to the machine tool center, and the second transition plate is connected to the machine tool turntable, thereby enabling subsequent machining operations. Precise positioning is achieved through the positioning structure. In the process, the pin holes are first machined to meet the drawing requirements in one go, and then the positioning holes are used in conjunction with the positioning structure to achieve precise positioning for subsequent operations. There is no need to re-machine the initial holes at both ends of the shell part after the final process benchmark check. The present invention does not require back-processing, thus improving processing efficiency and saving time and effort. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the positioning structure of the present invention;

[0021] Among them, 1 is the first transition plate, 2 is the positioning hole, 3 is the positioning pin, 4 is the machine tool center, 5 is the workpiece to be processed, 6 is the second transition plate, 7 is the fixed plate, 8 is the machine tool turntable, 9 is the positioning component, 10 is the pin hole, 11 is the expansion groove, 12 is the mounting hole, 13 is the keyway, 14 is the clearance hole, and 15 is the disassembly groove. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] This invention first provides a positioning structure, see details below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system includes a first transition plate 1 and a second transition plate 6. The first and second transition plates 1 and 6 are used to position and connect the axial ends of the workpiece 5 to be processed. Both the first and second transition plates 1 and 6 have multiple circumferentially spaced positioning holes 2 near their outer periphery, and the positions of these positioning holes 2 correspond to the pin holes 10 at the ends of the workpiece 5. The positioning holes 2 of the first and second transition plates 1 and 6 are connected one-to-one with the pin holes 10 at the axial ends of the workpiece 5 through positioning elements 9. A positioning post 3 is provided at the middle position of the outer end of the first transition plate 1, which is used to connect to the machine tool center 4. The second transition plate 6 is used to connect to the machine tool rotary table 8. It should be noted that the outer end refers to the end facing away from the workpiece 5, and the inner end refers to the end facing the workpiece 5.

[0024] This invention, by setting a first transition plate 1 and a second transition plate 6, after the pin holes 10 are machined at both ends of the workpiece 5, a positioning member 9 passes through the positioning holes 2 of the first and second transition plates 1 and connects to the pin holes 10 at the ends of the workpiece 5 for positioning. The positioning post 3 of the first transition plate 1 is connected to the machine tool center 4, and the second transition plate 6 is connected to the machine tool rotary table 8. Precise positioning is achieved through the positioning structure, thereby enabling subsequent processing operations. In the process, the pin holes 10 are first machined on the workpiece 5, and then the positioning holes 2 are used in conjunction with the positioning structure of the first and second transition plates 1 and 6 to achieve precise positioning for subsequent operations. There is no need to re-machine the initial holes at both ends of the shell part after the final process benchmark check. This invention eliminates the need for back-processing, improves processing efficiency, and saves time and effort.

[0025] Specifically, the positioning structure also includes a fixed disk 7. The fixed disk 7 has multiple positioning holes 2 spaced circumferentially near its outer periphery. These positioning holes 2 on the fixed disk 7 correspond to those on the second transition disk 6. The fixed disk 7 and the second transition disk 6 are connected to the pin holes 10 of the workpiece 5 to be processed via positioning elements 9. The outer end of the fixed disk 7 is fixedly connected to the machine tool rotary table 8. The fixed disk 7 achieves a reliable and stable connection between the second transition disk 6 and the machine tool rotary table 8, improving power transmission stability, avoiding displacement deviations during processing, and ensuring processing accuracy. In this embodiment, both the positioning holes 2 and the pin holes 10 are threaded holes, and the positioning element 9 is a threaded positioning pin.

[0026] Preferably, a flange is provided at the middle position of the inner end of the fixed plate 7, and a window is opened at the middle position of the second transition plate 6. The flange is inserted into the window. Through the flange and window insertion structure, the connection between the second transition plate 6 and the fixed plate 7 is rigid, which better realizes power transmission and ensures a reliable and stable connection. The second transition plate 6 and the fixed plate 7 are also provided with mounting holes 12. Fasteners such as bolts are passed through the mounting holes 12 in sequence to achieve a more stable and reliable connection between the second transition plate 6 and the fixed plate 7.

[0027] Preferably, the fixed disk 7 has multiple keyways 13 spaced circumferentially near its center. The positions of the keyways 13 correspond to the key teeth of the rotating shaft of the machine tool rotary table 8. The fixed disk 7 and the rotating shaft of the machine tool rotary table 8 are fixedly connected by the keyways 13 and key teeth, and power transmission is achieved through the key connection. The structure is simple and the connection is reliable. In this embodiment, the fixed disk 7 has four keyways. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of keyways can be set according to specific needs.

[0028] Preferably, the fixed plate 7 has a clearance hole 14 at its center, which corresponds to the center hole of the machine tool rotary table 8. By using the clearance hole 14 to avoid the middle component of the machine tool rotary table 8, the middle component of the machine tool rotary table 8 is prevented from interfering with the machining process. On the other hand, it can also reduce the weight of the fixed plate 7 and reduce the power load of the machine tool rotary table 8.

[0029] Preferably, the fixed plate 7 has a disassembly groove 15, which is located near the side of the fixed plate 7 and extends inward from the edge of the fixed plate 7. After removing the positioning member 9, fasteners, and key teeth, the fixed plate 7 can be easily removed by operating through the disassembly groove 15, avoiding the difficulty in separating the fixed plate 7 and the second transition plate 6 due to excessive tightness. In this embodiment, the fixed plate 7 has disassembly grooves 15 on both symmetrical sides, which allows the fixed plate 7 to be disassembled from either side or both sides simultaneously, facilitating operation.

[0030] Preferably, the center of the positioning post 3 is provided with a top hole along the axial direction, and the tip of the machine tool center 4 extends into and abuts against the top hole. The tip penetrates deep into the top hole, which improves the connection reliability between the positioning post 3 and the machine tool center 4, avoids shaking displacement, and improves the positioning stability and reliability.

[0031] Preferably, the radial end of the second transition plate 6 is provided with an expansion groove 11, and the expansion groove 11 is provided with a radial expansion hole. The expansion groove 11 and the expansion hole can be used to install a radial positioning structure. For example, the workpiece 5 to be processed can be connected by a positioning pin passing through the expansion hole, and angular calibration can be performed in the radial direction to achieve more accurate positioning. At the same time, the radial positioning structure is accommodated by the concave expansion groove 11 to avoid interference with subsequent processing.

[0032] The present invention also provides a process method using the above-described positioning structure, comprising the following steps:

[0033] (1) Machining the pin holes 10 at both ends of the workpiece 5 to be machined; the workpiece 5 to be machined can be pre-machined with the pin holes 10 by drilling equipment, etc., or the workpiece 5 to be machined can be directly clamped between the first transition plate 1 and the second transition plate 6, and the drill bit passes through the positioning hole 2 to directly machine the pin holes 10 at the corresponding part of the end of the workpiece 5. At this time, the size of the positioning hole 2 has a certain machining allowance, and the diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the pin hole 10, which facilitates the machining of the pin hole 10.

[0034] (2) The first transition plate 1 and the second transition plate 6 are respectively connected to the pin hole 10 at the end of the workpiece 5 through the positioning hole 2 via the positioning member 9. The positioning post 3 of the first transition plate 1 is connected to the machine tool center 4, and the second transition plate 6 is connected to the machine tool turntable 8.

[0035] (3) Use a machine tool to process the workpiece 5 to be processed.

[0036] Specifically, the machine tool in this embodiment can be a five-sided CNC machine tool. The first process requires machining the threaded pin holes on both ends of the housing using the five-sided CNC machine tool. Through the threaded pin holes machined in the first process, non-standard customized threaded positioning pins are used to connect the first transition plate 1, the second transition plate 6, and the fixed plate 7. The machine tool rotary table 8 is a four-axis rotary table to achieve reliable and accurate positioning before proceeding with the second process of machining the sector groove and subsequent machining.

[0037] In the process method of this invention, the pin hole 10 of the workpiece 5 to be processed is first machined to meet the drawing requirements. Then, the positioning member 9 passes through the positioning hole 2 of the first transition plate 1 and the second transition plate 6 and is positioned and connected to the pin hole 10 of the workpiece 5 to be processed. The positioning structure achieves precise positioning, thereby enabling subsequent processing operations. This method breaks away from the traditional method of connecting the initial hole and standard part pin shaft in the processing process and innovates to use the threaded pin shaft connection method. The pin hole meets the drawing requirements in one go. There is no need to reprocess the initial holes at both ends of the shell part after the final process benchmark check. There is no need to go back to process them, which improves processing efficiency and saves time and effort.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning structure, characterized in that, The system includes a first transition plate (1) and a second transition plate (6). The first transition plate (1) and the second transition plate (6) are used to position and connect the two ends of the workpiece (5) to be processed. The first transition plate (1) and the second transition plate (6) are provided with a plurality of positioning holes (2) at intervals along the circumference near the outer periphery. The positions of the positioning holes (2) are corresponding to the pin holes (10) at the ends of the workpiece (5). The positioning holes (2) of the first transition plate (1) and the second transition plate (6) are respectively connected to the pin holes (10) at the two ends of the workpiece (5) through positioning parts (9). A positioning post (3) is provided at the middle position of the outer end of the first transition plate (1). The positioning post (3) is used to connect with the machine tool center (4). The second transition plate (6) is used to connect with the machine tool rotary table (8).

2. The positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fixed plate (7), which has a plurality of positioning holes (2) spaced circumferentially near its outer periphery. The fixed plate (7) is provided with the positioning holes (2) of the second transition plate (6) corresponding to each other. The fixed plate (7) and the second transition plate (6) are connected to the pin hole (10) of the workpiece (5) to be processed through the positioning member (9). The outer end of the fixed plate (7) is fixedly connected to the machine tool turntable (8).

3. The positioning structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A flange is provided at the middle position of the inner end of the fixed plate (7), and a window is provided at the middle position of the second transition plate (6), and the flange is inserted into the window.

4. A positioning structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed disk (7) has multiple keyways (13) spaced around its center along the circumference. The positions of the keyways (13) correspond to the key teeth of the rotating shaft of the machine tool rotary table (8). The fixed disk (7) and the rotating shaft of the machine tool rotary table (8) are fixedly connected through the keyways (13) and the key teeth.

5. A positioning structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed plate (7) has a clearance hole (14) at the middle position, which corresponds to the middle hole of the machine tool rotary table (8).

6. A positioning structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed plate (7) has a disassembly groove (15) which is close to the side of the fixed plate (7) and extends inward from the edge of the fixed plate (7).

7. A positioning structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The center of the positioning column (3) is provided with a top hole along the axial direction, and the tip of the machine tool tip (4) extends into and abuts against the top hole.

8. A positioning structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The second transition plate (6) is provided with an expansion groove (11) at its radial end, and the expansion groove (11) is provided with an expansion hole in the radial direction.

9. A positioning structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Both the positioning hole (2) and the pin hole (10) are threaded holes, and the positioning element (9) is a threaded positioning pin.

10. A process method employing a positioning structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Machining the pin holes (10) at both ends of the workpiece (5) to be machined; (2) The first transition plate (1) and the second transition plate (6) are respectively connected to the pin hole (10) at the end of the workpiece (5) through the positioning hole (2) via the positioning element (9). The positioning pin (3) of the first transition plate (1) is connected to the machine tool center (4), and the second transition plate (6) is connected to the machine tool turntable (8). (3) Use a machine tool to process the workpiece (5).

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