Inner hole polishing and deburring device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an inner hole polishing and deburring device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The device mainly comprises a fixed base and a platform capable of moving longitudinally. An air cylinder is arranged on the fixed base, the movable platform is connected with the base through a rail, and a motor, a pipe support and a positioning frame are arranged on the platform. A pipe to be machined is supported by the pipe support and driven to rotate at a high speed through a motor and belt transmission. The air cylinder can push the whole platform and the workpiece pipe to do short-distance longitudinal movement, and attenuating oscillation can be generated after the air cylinder stops in combination with the spring assembly. Through rotation and longitudinal composite motion, the abrasive in the pipe and the pipe wall are forced to generate relative sliding friction, and therefore efficient grinding is achieved. The device is simple in structure and high in universality, the multi-stage polishing process from rough polishing to fine polishing can be completed on one device by adjusting grinding materials and motion parameters, the device is particularly suitable for inner hole finishing machining of large-diameter long pipes, and the problems of high cost and low efficiency caused by multiple devices and multiple technologies are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to a device for deburring and polishing the inner bore of large-diameter long pipes. Background Technology

[0002] Internal hole polishing and deburring are common and pressing technological challenges in the machining industry. With the upgrading of various industries, especially high-tech industries such as medical and chemical engineering, food processing, nuclear power, aerospace and semiconductor manufacturing, extremely stringent requirements are placed on the surface quality of the inner walls of fluid transport pipelines. Extremely high smoothness is required to prevent the adhesion, residue or contamination of flowing substances, and to reduce flow resistance and corrosion risk.

[0003] Currently, various technical solutions exist for internal hole surface treatment, such as mechanical grinding and honing, electrochemical electropolishing, electrolytic plasma polishing, magnetic grinding, and abrasive flow polishing. However, these methods all have significant limitations. Mechanical honing typically struggles to improve surface finish to levels higher than Ra 1.6; electrochemical methods, when treating internal holes with large aspect ratios (especially those exceeding 10 meters in length), face challenges such as difficulty in positioning telescopic electrodes, uneven electrolyte circulation, emission of reaction byproducts, and the use of certain environmentally prohibited electrolytes, resulting in high implementation costs and complex processes. Furthermore, most existing processes have limited single-stage surface finish improvement capabilities. When multi-level improvements are required (e.g., from Ra 1.6 to Ra 0.4 or even Ra 0.2), it is often necessary to alternate between multiple equipment and processes, which is cumbersome, time-consuming, costly, and the final result is difficult to guarantee.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an integrated device that is versatile, efficient, low-cost, and capable of achieving multi-level improvement in the surface finish of inner holes, especially suitable for the fine machining of the inner walls of large-diameter long pipes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an internal hole polishing and deburring device with reasonable structure, simple operation and wide adaptability. This device can effectively reduce the roughness of the inner wall of large-diameter long pipes, and can achieve multiple levels of surface finish improvement by adjusting parameters on a single device, thereby solving the problems of low efficiency and high cost caused by multiple devices and multiple processes.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed in this application is as follows: The present invention provides an internal hole polishing and deburring device, comprising: a frame, a fixed track, a cylinder, a sliding track, a pipe support, a motor, a belt, and a positioning frame; The fixed track is fixedly mounted on the frame; The sliding track cooperates with the fixed track and can move longitudinally along the fixed track; The pipe support and the positioning frame are fixedly mounted on the sliding rail; the pipe support is used to support the pipe to be processed. The motor is fixedly mounted on the sliding rail, and its output shaft is used by the belt to drive the tube to be processed, supported by the tube support, to rotate around its own axis. The cylinder is fixedly mounted on the frame, and its push rod is connected to the sliding rail, which drives the sliding rail and the pipe support and the positioning frame mounted thereon to move longitudinally along the fixed rail.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a frame plate and a first rolling bearing, the frame plate being fixed to the frame, and the fixed rail being fixed parallel to the frame plate; the first rolling bearing is mounted on the fixed rail, and the sliding rail cooperates with the first rolling bearing.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a spring and a push-pull plate, the push-pull plate being connected to the sliding rail, and the spring being connected between the cylinder's push rod and the push-pull plate; the parameters of the spring are determined based on the total mass of the sliding rail and its components, the moving friction resistance, and the required oscillation amplitude.

[0009] Furthermore, a second rolling bearing is provided on the pipe support for supporting the pipe to be processed.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a motor base plate and a pipe sealing plug, wherein the motor base plate is fixed on the sliding rail and the motor is fixed on the motor base plate; the pipe sealing plug is used to seal the port of the pipe to be processed.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a tube positioning sleeve, which is disposed on the positioning frame and used to clamp and fix the tube to be processed supported by the tube support; the contact side between the tube positioning sleeve and the positioning frame is provided with a low-friction material layer or a thrust ball structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the low-friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0013] Furthermore, the speed and direction of the motor are adjustable, and the speed adjustment is achieved by DC pulse width modulation or frequency conversion speed regulation.

[0014] Furthermore, the stroke of the cylinder is less than or equal to 100 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, it includes the following steps: Load the abrasive and grinding fluid into the tube to be processed and seal the tube opening; The filled tube to be processed is placed on the tube support and fixed to the positioning frame using the tube positioning sleeve; The motor is started to drive the tube to be processed to rotate for grinding; the motor is controlled to run at a low speed in the initial stage of polishing, and the speed is gradually increased as polishing progresses; The cylinder is activated to drive the sliding track to move longitudinally, thereby driving the tube to be processed to perform additional longitudinal grinding; the longitudinal grinding is started after the rotary grinding has been in progress for a period of time.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects: This invention integrates axial rotation and longitudinal movement, utilizing the relative sliding between the abrasive and the pipe wall for grinding. Initially, coarse abrasive is used to remove a large amount of excess material and self-sharpen; later, finer abrasive can be used and the rotation speed increased to improve surface finish and efficiency. The introduction of longitudinal movement effectively breaks up the single axial grinding pattern, helping to further reduce the surface roughness Ra value. This device has good adaptability to pipes with different inner diameters, lengths, and materials; different precision requirements can be met simply by adjusting the control parameters and abrasive, greatly improving process flexibility and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an internal hole deburring and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of an internal hole deburring and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view (AA) of an internal hole deburring and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of an internal hole deburring and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a side view of an internal hole deburring and polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The components include: frame 1, frame plate 2, fixed rail 3, first rolling bearing 4, cylinder 5, spring 6, push-pull horizontal plate 7, sliding rail 8, pipe support 9, second rolling bearing 10, motor base plate 11, belt 12, motor 13, pipe positioning sleeve 14, positioning frame 15, pipe to be processed 16, and pipe sealing plug 17. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, this embodiment illustrates in detail the specific structure of an internal hole polishing and deburring device.

[0026] The fixed components of the device mainly include a frame 1, a frame plate 2, fixed rails 3, first rolling bearings 4, and cylinders 5. The frame plate 2 is fixed to the top of the frame 1 by welding or bolting, providing a stable foundation for the entire device. Two fixed rails 3 are fixed to the frame plate 2 in parallel by bolts. Multiple first rolling bearings 4 are symmetrically mounted on the two fixed rails 3 via bearing seats.

[0027] The moving platform of the device mainly includes a sliding rail 8, a push-pull horizontal plate 7, a tube support 9, a second rolling bearing 10, a motor base plate 11, a motor 13, a positioning frame 15, and a tube positioning sleeve 14. The sliding rail 8 rests on the first rolling bearing 4 of the fixed rail 3 via its lower groove or flat surface, thus forming a low-friction moving pair. The push-pull horizontal plate 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rail 8. The tube support 9 is fixed to the sliding rail 8 with bolts, and the second rolling bearing 10 is mounted on its upper part to support the tube 16 to be processed. The motor base plate 11 is also fixed to the sliding rail 8, and the motor 13 is mounted on the motor base plate 11. A drive wheel is mounted on the output shaft of the motor, which is connected to the driven wheel fitted on the tube 16 to be processed via a belt 12, thus forming a belt drive system to drive the tube 16 to be processed to rotate. The positioning frame 15 spans across and is fixed to the sliding rail 8; the number of these frames can be multiple depending on the length of the tube 16 to be processed. Each positioning frame 15 has a pipe positioning sleeve 14 on each side, which holds the pipe 16 to be processed tightly by bolts or quick clamping mechanism, so that it can move longitudinally with the platform as a whole and rotate freely.

[0028] The connection and drive components mainly consist of a cylinder 5 and a spring 6. The cylinder 5 is fixed to the end of the frame 1 by a support plate. The spring 6 connects the piston rod end of the cylinder 5 to the push-pull cross plate 7.

[0029] Its working process is as follows: First, seal one end of the tube 16 to be processed with the tube sealing plug 17, and then fill the tube with a certain amount of abrasive and grinding fluid (about one-third of the tube volume) from the other end. Then, seal it with another plug 17.

[0030] The tube 16, loaded with abrasive, is hoisted onto the second rolling bearing 10 of the tube support 9.

[0031] Adjust the tube positioning sleeves 14 on each positioning frame 15 so that they grip the tube 16 to be processed from both sides.

[0032] Start motor 13, which drives the tube 16 to be processed to rotate at low speed via belt 12. Under the combined action of gravity, centrifugal force and tube wall friction, the abrasive inside the tube slides relative to the inner wall, performing preliminary grinding.

[0033] When deep polishing is required to alter the grinding texture, cylinder 5 is activated. The piston rod of cylinder 5 extends or retracts, pushing or pulling the entire moving platform and the tube 16 to be processed along the fixed track 3 via spring 6 and push-pull plate 7, causing a short-range, rapid longitudinal movement. After the cylinder reaches its position, it stops. At this point, under the energy storage and release action of spring 6, the moving platform will drive the tube 16 to continue to perform several decaying reciprocating oscillations, causing the abrasive inside the tube to generate intense longitudinal relative sliding friction with the tube wall, achieving efficient longitudinal grinding.

[0034] After polishing is complete, stop all operations, loosen the tube positioning sleeve 14, remove the tube to be processed 16, pour out and recover the abrasive mixture, and clean the tube.

[0035] It should be noted that the rotational speed of motor 13 should be adjusted according to the polishing stage: initially, when the inner wall is rough, a lower rotational speed should be used to ensure that the abrasive can roll and slide; later, as the surface finish improves, the rotational speed can be gradually increased to improve efficiency. The longitudinal movement function is generally activated after rotary grinding has been in progress for a period of time.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal hole polishing and deburring device, characterized in that, include: The frame (1), fixed rail (3), cylinder (5), sliding rail (8), pipe support (9), motor (13), belt (12) and positioning frame (15); The fixed track (3) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1); The sliding track (8) cooperates with the fixed track (3) and can move longitudinally along the fixed track (3); The pipe support (9) and the positioning frame (15) are fixedly mounted on the sliding rail (8); the pipe support (9) is used to support the pipe to be processed (16). The motor (13) is fixedly mounted on the sliding rail (8), and its output shaft is used by the belt (12) to drive the tube to be processed supported by the tube support (9) to rotate around its own axis. The cylinder (5) is fixedly mounted on the frame (1), and its push rod is connected to the sliding rail (8) to drive the sliding rail (8) and the pipe support (9) and the positioning frame (15) mounted thereon to move longitudinally along the fixed rail (3).

2. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a frame plate (2) and a first rolling bearing (4). The frame plate (2) is fixed on the frame (1), and the fixed track (3) is fixed parallel to the frame plate (2). The first rolling bearing (4) is installed on the fixed track (3), and the sliding track (8) cooperates with the first rolling bearing (4).

3. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also includes a spring (6) and a push-pull plate (7), the push-pull plate (7) being connected to the sliding rail (8), and the spring (6) being connected between the push rod of the cylinder (5) and the push-pull plate (7); the parameters of the spring (6) are determined based on the total mass of the sliding rail (8) and its components, the moving friction resistance, and the required oscillation amplitude.

4. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tube support (9) is provided with a second rolling bearing (10) for supporting the tube to be processed.

5. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a motor base plate (11) and a pipe sealing plug (17). The motor base plate (11) is fixed on the sliding rail (8), and the motor (13) is fixed on the motor base plate (11). The pipe sealing plug (17) is used to seal the port of the pipe to be processed.

6. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a pipe positioning sleeve (14), which is disposed on the positioning frame (15) and is used to clamp and fix the pipe to be processed supported by the pipe support (9); the contact side between the pipe positioning sleeve (14) and the positioning frame (15) is provided with a low friction material layer or a thrust ball structure.

7. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The low-friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene.

8. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed and direction of the motor (13) are adjustable, and the speed is adjusted by DC pulse width modulation or frequency conversion.

9. The internal hole polishing and deburring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stroke of the cylinder (5) is less than or equal to 100 mm.

10. A method for polishing and deburring a tube to be processed using the internal hole polishing and deburring apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Load the abrasive and grinding fluid into the tube to be processed and seal the tube opening; The filled tube to be processed is placed on the tube support (9) and fixed to the positioning frame (15) by the tube positioning sleeve (14); The motor (13) is started to drive the tube to be processed to rotate for grinding; the motor (13) is controlled to run at low speed in the early stage of polishing, and the speed is gradually increased as polishing progresses; The cylinder (5) is started to drive the sliding track (8) to move longitudinally, thereby driving the tube to be processed to perform additional longitudinal grinding; the longitudinal grinding is started after the rotary grinding has been performed for a period of time.

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