Dam leak blocking net structure and blocking method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a dam leak blocking net structure and a blocking method thereof.The dam leak blocking net structure comprises a blocking assembly which is of a net structure after being unfolded and is of a ball-shaped structure when being contracted; and the transmitting assembly is used for transmitting the plugging assembly into the dam leak for plugging. The technical scheme effectively solves the core problems of high safety risk, low operation efficiency, poor environmental adaptability and the like existing in diving operation depending on frogmen in the prior art, specifically, the technical scheme has the capabilities of quickly positioning a vulnerability entrance and automatically unfolding a plugging mechanism, the emergency response speed and the plugging precision are remarkably improved, and the safety risk of diving operation depending on frogmen is reduced. And the problem of plugging failure caused by low visibility and difficult operation in the traditional method is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy technology, specifically to a dam breach sealing net structure and its sealing method. Background Technology

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change and the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, heavy rainfall and catastrophic floods have significantly increased, posing a severe challenge to the safe operation of water conservancy projects. As a crucial barrier in flood control and disaster reduction systems, the structural safety of dikes is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property and social stability. Among various dike hazards, breaches are a common and highly sudden and destructive problem. When a dike operates at high water levels for an extended period, the seepage pressure causes fine particles in the soil to be carried away by the water flow, gradually forming seepage channels that penetrate the dike—that is, breaches. Initially, they may only manifest as seepage or muddy water, but if not detected and effectively addressed in time, breaches will rapidly develop and expand, ultimately leading to dike collapse.

[0003] In recent years, levee breaches caused by leaks have occurred frequently, exposing the shortcomings of traditional emergency response methods in terms of response speed, sealing efficiency, and adaptability to complex working conditions. Current levee breach repair mainly relies on underwater diving operations by divers, which have significant technical defects and safety risks. The underwater environment is complex, with low visibility, turbulent currents, and numerous obstacles. Combined with water pressure, this easily leads to decompression sickness and collision injuries. Leak sealing requires high-precision operations, but divers, due to physical exhaustion and equipment limitations, find it difficult to accurately position and seal materials, easily leading to sealing failures. Failures in oxygen supply, communication, and lighting equipment can seriously threaten lives. Furthermore, rapid evacuation is impossible in emergencies, resulting in poor emergency response capabilities. Although training and collaboration mechanisms have reduced risks, the fundamental nature of direct exposure to hazardous environments remains unchanged, leading to low operational efficiency and poor safety, failing to meet the needs for rapid and reliable handling of major emergencies. Therefore, safer and more efficient alternative technologies are urgently needed.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of emergency repair device for dike breaches that can be quickly deployed, is highly adaptable, and has a reliable sealing effect, as well as its application methods, in order to improve the technological level and emergency response capabilities of flood control and disaster relief, minimize disaster losses, and ensure the safety of flood control projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dam breach sealing net structure and sealing method, which effectively solves the core problems of high safety risks, low operational efficiency, and poor environmental adaptability associated with existing technologies that rely on underwater diving operations. Specifically, this technical solution has the ability to quickly locate the breach entrance and automatically deploy the sealing mechanism, significantly improving the emergency response speed and sealing accuracy. It overcomes the sealing failure problem caused by low visibility and difficult operation in traditional methods. In addition, its structural design is adaptable to different water depths, flow velocities, and opening sizes, achieving stable and reliable operation under harsh conditions. It makes up for the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of poor applicability under complex conditions, and realizes safe, efficient, and intelligent emergency protection of dam breaches.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dam breach sealing mesh structure, comprising:

[0007] The sealing component has a mesh structure when deployed and a clump structure when contracted.

[0008] The launching component is used to launch the sealing component into the breach in the dam for sealing.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing net structure of the present invention, the sealing component includes polyester wadding cotton and polyester hexagonal mesh wire. The polyester wadding cotton is installed at the center of the polyester hexagonal mesh wire, and the polyester wadding cotton and polyester hexagonal mesh wire form a mesh structure. The diameter of the sealing component after unfolding is 2.5m.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing net structure of the present invention, the polyester hexagonal mesh line is provided with several connection nodes, and water-expanding granular balls are installed at the connection nodes. The several connection nodes form a nested annular section. The water-expanding granular balls on each annular section are spaced 0.8m apart, the water-expanding granular balls are spaced 0.5m apart from the polyester wadding, and the water-expanding granular balls are spaced 1m apart from the outermost part of the polyester hexagonal mesh line.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing net structure of the present invention, a weight is installed around the outermost edge of the polyester hexagonal mesh wire. The weight is made of lead and each weight is 20g.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing net structure of the present invention, the density of the polyester wadding cotton is greater than 998 kg / m³. 3 The diameter of the polyester hexagonal mesh is 0.2cm.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing net structure of the present invention, the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular balls are made of water-absorbing polymer materials. The diameter of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular balls before water absorption and expansion is 0.5 cm, the expansion ratio of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular balls is times, the suitable water temperature for the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular balls is 19-37℃, and the compressive strength of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular balls after sealing is ≥5MPa.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing net structure of the present invention, the water-expanding granular balls have a three-dimensional network structure inside, which absorbs water. The polymer material inside the water-expanding granular balls carries an electric charge to absorb water through the osmotic pressure effect. Polar groups are provided on the surface of the polymer material of the water-expanding granular balls, and the polar groups form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, thereby increasing the water absorption capacity and expansion effect of the water-expanding granular balls.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing network structure of the present invention, the launching component includes a launching device with a launching head mounted on the launching device, the sealing component being installed inside the launching head, and the launching device launching the sealing component through the launching head.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the dam breach sealing net structure of the present invention, the launching device is an explosion-proof gun or a rope thrower.

[0017] A method for sealing breaches in a dam using a mesh structure includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Prepare the sealing component. Shrink the mesh sealing component, which is composed of polyester wadding cotton and polyester hexagonal mesh, into a ball structure and put it into the launch head of the launch component. The connection nodes of the sealing component are equipped with water-expanding granular balls, and the outermost ring is equipped with lead weights to ensure that the whole has sinking performance.

[0019] S2. Locate the entry point of the breach. Determine the exact location of the breach and the direction of water flow through manual inspection, drone detection, or sonar detection. Determine the approximate size and depth of the breach entry point on the water-facing side to provide a basis for precise deployment.

[0020] S3. Launch the blocking component. The operator uses the launching device to aim at the vulnerability entrance, starts the launching device, and launches the retracted blocking component into the vulnerability at high speed through the launching head.

[0021] S4. The sealing component deploys and sinks. After the sealing component detaches from the launch head, it quickly deploys into a mesh structure with a diameter of 2.5m under the impact of water flow and its own elasticity. At the same time, the lead weights on the outside provide counterweight, so that the sealing component sinks quickly and fits into the hole, achieving initial physical shielding and preventing the seepage channel from continuing to expand.

[0022] S5. Water-swellable sealing: When the sealing component comes into contact with water, the water-swellable granular balls on the connection node absorb water. The polymer material inside forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules through osmotic pressure effect and polar groups. Under water temperature conditions of 19–37℃, it rapidly absorbs water and expands to 5 times its original volume. After expansion, the compressive strength is ≥5MPa. Multiple expanding granular balls work together on the nested annular joint to fill the gaps and form a dense waterproof barrier.

[0023] S6. Collaborative sealing and stabilization: The density of the polyester wadding in the central part is greater than 998 kg / m³. 3 Slightly denser than water at room temperature, it can effectively settle and block the core area of ​​the leak. At the same time, the mesh structure composed of polyester hexagonal wires serves as a skeleton support. Combined with the filling effect of the expanded granular balls, it achieves multiple synergistic sealing, significantly improving the reliability and durability of the sealing.

[0024] S7. Subsequent reinforcement measures: After the initial emergency sealing is completed, traditional seepage control measures such as reverse filter wells can be used on the back side to further control seepage, prevent piping from developing, and ensure the overall stability of the dam.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. This invention combines a sealing component with a launching component to achieve rapid emergency sealing of breaches in dams. The sealing component uses a hexagonal polyester mesh and a central polyester wadding to form an expandable mesh structure, with lead weights on the periphery to ensure that it can quickly sink to the breach entrance and expand to cover it after launch, effectively blocking the seepage channel. With the launching device, no personnel need to go underwater to work, which significantly improves the safety and response speed of emergency rescue. It solves the problems of high risk and low efficiency of traditional frogman diving sealing, and is particularly suitable for dangerous situations with rapid currents, great depths or complex environments.

[0027] 2. This invention creates nested annular sections by placing water-expanding granular balls at the connection nodes of the polyester hexagonal mesh. These granular balls are made of a polymer material with a three-dimensional network structure and polar groups. They can rapidly absorb water and expand through osmotic pressure and hydrogen bonding, increasing in volume by more than 5 times. They have a compressive strength ≥5MPa and can be efficiently activated in a water temperature range of 19–37℃. The expanded granular balls tightly fill the gaps and, in synergy with the polyester hexagonal mesh and the central polyester wadding, achieve a multi-layered sealing effect, significantly improving the tightness and durability of the seal, effectively preventing the expansion of the gaps, and buying valuable time for subsequent reinforcement. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the launching component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dam breach sealing status according to the present invention.

[0031] In the picture: 1. Polyester floss; 2. Polyester hexagonal mesh; 3. Water-expanding granular balls; 4. Weight; 5. Launching device; 6. Launching head. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Please see Figures 1-3 A dam breach sealing mesh structure, comprising:

[0034] The sealing component has a mesh structure when deployed and a clump structure when contracted.

[0035] The launching component is used to launch the sealing component into the breach in the dam for sealing.

[0036] Furthermore, the sealing component includes polyester wadding 1 and polyester hexagonal mesh 2. The polyester wadding 1 is installed at the center of the polyester hexagonal mesh 2. The polyester wadding 1 and polyester hexagonal mesh 2 form a mesh structure. The diameter of the sealing component after it is unfolded is 2.5m.

[0037] Furthermore, the polyester hexagonal mesh 2 is provided with several connection nodes, and water-expanding granular balls 3 are installed at the connection nodes. Several connection nodes form a nested annular section. The water-expanding granular balls 3 on each annular section are spaced 0.8m apart. The water-expanding granular balls 3 are spaced 0.5m apart from the polyester wadding cotton 1. The water-expanding granular balls 3 are spaced 1m apart from the outermost part of the polyester hexagonal mesh 2.

[0038] Furthermore, a weight 4 is installed around the outermost edge of the polyester hexagonal mesh 2. The weight 4 is made of lead and each weight 4 weighs 20g.

[0039] Furthermore, the density of polyester wavy cotton 1 is greater than 998 kg / m³. 3 The diameter of the polyester hexagonal mesh 2 is 0.2cm.

[0040] Furthermore, the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball 3 is a water-absorbing polymer material. The diameter of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball 3 before water absorption and expansion is 0.5 cm. The expansion ratio of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball 3 is 5 times. The suitable water temperature for the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball 3 is 19-37℃. The compressive strength of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball 3 after sealing is ≥5MPa.

[0041] Furthermore, the water-expanding granules 3 have a three-dimensional network structure inside, which absorbs water. The polymer material inside the water-expanding granules 3 carries an electric charge, which absorbs water through the osmotic pressure effect. Polar groups are provided on the surface of the polymer material of the water-expanding granules 3. The polar groups form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, which increases the water absorption capacity and expansion effect of the water-expanding granules 3.

[0042] Furthermore, the launching assembly includes a launching device 5, on which a launching head 6 is mounted, and a blocking assembly is installed inside the launching head 6. The launching device 5 launches the blocking assembly through the launching head 6.

[0043] Furthermore, the launching device 5 is either an explosion-proof gun or a rope thrower.

[0044] By combining the sealing component with the launching component, rapid emergency sealing of dam breaches is achieved. The sealing component uses polyester hexagonal mesh 2 and central polyester wadding cotton 1 to form an deployable mesh structure, and is equipped with lead weights 4 on the outside to ensure that it can quickly sink to the breach entrance and expand to cover it after launch, effectively blocking the seepage channel. With the launching device 5, no personnel need to go underwater to work, which significantly improves the safety and response speed of the rescue. It solves the problems of high risk and low efficiency of traditional frogman diving sealing. It is especially suitable for dangerous situations with rapid currents, great depths or complex environments.

[0045] Furthermore, the structure incorporates water-expanding granular balls 3 at the connection nodes of the polyester hexagonal mesh 2, forming nested annular sections. These water-expanding granular balls 3 are made of polymeric materials with a three-dimensional network structure and polar groups. They can rapidly absorb water and expand through osmotic pressure and hydrogen bonding, increasing in volume by more than 5 times. They have a compressive strength ≥5MPa and can be efficiently activated within a water temperature range of 19–37℃. The expanded granular balls tightly fill the gaps and synergize with the polyester hexagonal mesh 2 and the central polyester wadding 1 to achieve multiple sealing effects. This significantly improves the tightness and durability of the sealing, effectively preventing the expansion of the gaps and buying valuable time for subsequent reinforcement.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Please see Figures 1-3 A method for sealing breaches in a dam using a mesh structure includes the following steps:

[0048] S1. Prepare the sealing component. Shrink the mesh sealing component, which is composed of polyester flocculent cotton 1 and polyester hexagonal mesh 2, into a ball structure and put it into the launch head 6 of the launch component. The connection node of the sealing component is equipped with water-expanding granular balls 3, and the outermost ring is equipped with lead weights 4 to ensure that the whole has sinking performance.

[0049] S2. Locate the entry point of the breach. Determine the exact location of the breach and the direction of water flow through manual inspection, drone detection, or sonar detection. Determine the approximate size and depth of the breach entry point on the water-facing side to provide a basis for precise deployment.

[0050] S3. Launch the blocking component. The operator uses the launching device 5 to aim at the vulnerability entrance, starts the launching device 5, and launches the retracted blocking component into the vulnerability at high speed through the launching head 6.

[0051] S4. The sealing component unfolds and sinks. After the sealing component is separated from the launch head 6, it quickly unfolds into a mesh structure with a diameter of 2.5m under the impact of water flow and its own elasticity. At the same time, the lead weights 4 on the outside provide counterweight, so that the sealing component sinks quickly and fits into the hole, achieving initial physical shielding and preventing the seepage channel from continuing to expand.

[0052] S5. Water-swellable sealing: When the sealing component comes into contact with water, the water-swellable granular balls 3 on the connecting nodes absorb water. The polymer material inside them forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules through osmotic pressure effect and polar groups. Under water temperature conditions of 19–37℃, they rapidly absorb water and expand to 5 times their original volume. After expansion, the compressive strength is ≥5MPa. Multiple expanding granular balls 3 work together on the nested annular joint to fill the gaps and form a dense waterproof barrier.

[0053] S6, Collaborative sealing and stabilization, the central polyester wadding cotton 1 has a high density of 998 kg / m³. 3 Slightly larger than the density of water at room temperature, it can effectively settle and block the core area of ​​the leak. At the same time, the mesh structure composed of polyester hexagonal mesh 2 serves as a skeleton support. Combined with the filling effect of the expanded granular balls 3, it achieves multiple synergistic sealing, significantly improving the sealing reliability and durability.

[0054] S7. Subsequent reinforcement measures: After the initial emergency sealing is completed, traditional seepage control measures such as reverse filter wells can be used on the back side to further control seepage, prevent piping from developing, and ensure the overall stability of the dam.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dam breach sealing mesh structure, characterized in that, include: The sealing component has a mesh structure when deployed and a clump structure when contracted. The launching component is used to launch the sealing component into the breach in the dam for sealing.

2. The dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing component includes polyester wadding cotton (1) and polyester hexagonal mesh (2). The polyester wadding cotton (1) is installed at the center of the polyester hexagonal mesh (2). The polyester wadding cotton (1) and the polyester hexagonal mesh (2) form a mesh structure. The diameter of the sealing component after it is unfolded is 2.5m.

3. The dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The polyester hexagonal mesh (2) has several connection nodes, and water-expanding granular balls (3) are installed at the connection nodes. The connection nodes form a nested annular section. The water-expanding granular balls (3) on each annular section are spaced 0.8m apart. The water-expanding granular balls (3) are spaced 0.5m apart from the polyester flocculent cotton (1). The water-expanding granular balls (3) are spaced 1m apart from the outermost part of the polyester hexagonal mesh (2).

4. The dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outermost edge of the polyester hexagonal mesh (2) is fitted with a weight (4), which is made of lead and weighs 20g.

5. The dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The density of the polyester wavy cotton (1) is greater than 998 kg / m³. 3 The diameter of the polyester hexagonal mesh (2) is 0.2cm.

6. The dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball (3) is a water-absorbing polymer material. The diameter of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball (3) before water absorption and expansion is 0.5 cm. The expansion ratio of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball (3) is 5 times. The suitable water temperature for the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball (3) is 19-37℃. The compressive strength of the water-absorbing rapidly expanding granular ball (3) after sealing is ≥5MPa.

7. A dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water-expanding granules (3) have a three-dimensional network structure inside, which absorbs water. The polymer material inside the water-expanding granules (3) carries an electric charge and absorbs water through the osmotic pressure effect. Polar groups are provided on the surface of the polymer material of the water-expanding granules (3). The polar groups form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, which increases the water absorption capacity and expansion effect of the water-expanding granules (3).

8. The dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The launching assembly includes a launching device (5), a launching head (6) is mounted on the launching device (5), a blocking assembly is installed inside the launching head (6), and the launching device (5) launches the blocking assembly through the launching head (6).

9. A dam breach sealing mesh structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The launching device (5) is an explosion-proof gun or a rope thrower.

10. A method for sealing breaches in a dam using a mesh structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the sealing component. Shrink the mesh sealing component, which is composed of polyester flocculent cotton (1) and polyester hexagonal mesh (2), into a ball structure and put it into the launch head (6) of the launch component. The connection node of the sealing component is equipped with water-expanding granular balls (3), and the outermost ring is equipped with lead weights (4) to ensure that the whole has sinking performance. S2. Locate the entry point of the breach. Determine the exact location of the breach and the direction of water flow through manual inspection, drone detection, or sonar detection. Determine the approximate size and depth of the breach entry point on the water-facing side to provide a basis for precise deployment. S3. Launch the blocking component. The operator uses the launching device (5) to aim at the vulnerability entrance, starts the launching device (5), and launches the retracted blocking component into the vulnerability at high speed through the launching head (6). S4. The sealing component unfolds and sinks. After the sealing component is separated from the launch head (6), it quickly unfolds into a mesh structure with a diameter of 2.5m under the impact of water flow and its own elasticity. At the same time, the lead weights (4) on the outside provide counterweight, so that the sealing component sinks quickly and fits into the hole, achieving preliminary physical shielding and preventing the seepage channel from continuing to expand. S5. Water-swellable sealing: When the sealing component comes into contact with water, the water-swellable granular balls (3) on the connection node absorb water. The polymer material inside it forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules through osmotic pressure effect and polar groups. Under water temperature conditions of 19–37℃, it rapidly absorbs water and expands to 5 times its original volume. After expansion, the compressive strength is ≥5MPa. Multiple expanding granular balls (3) work together on the nested annular joint to fill the gaps and form a dense waterproof barrier. S6, Cooperative blocking and stabilization, the polyester wavy cotton (1) in the central part has a high density of 998 kg / m³. 3 Slightly larger than the density of water at room temperature, it can effectively settle and block the core area of ​​the leak. At the same time, the mesh structure composed of polyester hexagonal mesh (2) serves as a skeleton support. Combined with the filling effect of the expanded granular balls (3), it achieves multiple synergistic sealing, significantly improving the sealing reliability and durability. S7. Subsequent reinforcement measures: After the initial emergency sealing is completed, traditional seepage control measures such as reverse filter wells can be used on the back side to further control seepage, prevent piping from developing, and ensure the overall stability of the dam.

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