Welding backing tool and welding method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a welding backing tool and a welding method thereof, and relates to the technical field of casting welding, a gasket component is arranged in a mounting groove in the top of a cushion block component, a graphite gasket is adopted as the gasket component, the graphite gasket is used on the welding end face, and the situation that the graphite gasket and titanium alloy are bonded together cannot occur; and the gasket component and the cushion block component are designed in a split mode, machining can be conducted according to the shape of the casting to be welded, the height of a weld bead is effectively controlled, and the technical problem that in the prior art, the height of the weld bead is not easy to control when the casting is subjected to repair welding is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting welding technology, and in particular to a welding backing fixture and its welding method. Background Technology

[0002] Weld bead height, also known as weld reinforcement height or weld excess height, refers to the height of the protruding portion of the weld surface above the base metal surface after welding. It is one of the important indicators for evaluating the appearance quality of the weld and directly affects the mechanical properties of the welded joint and subsequent processing technology. Titanium alloy castings inevitably exhibit metallurgical defects such as porosity, inclusions, and looseness during investment casting, and these defects need to be removed and repaired by welding.

[0003] When repairing casting defects in titanium alloys, a single copper backing is typically used as the welding backing to prevent molten pool collapse in the repair area. However, using a single copper backing can lead to problems. When the welding wire melts and adheres to the copper backing along the arc path, the molten pool shrinks, clamping the backing and preventing its removal. This results in the repair process failing to achieve the desired effect. Furthermore, controlling the height of the weld bead during repair is difficult. An excessively high weld bead increases grinding time and can cause stress concentration in the casting, ultimately leading to its scrap. Conversely, a too-low weld bead may weaken the effective cross-section of the weld, shortening the casting's lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding backing fixture and its welding method to alleviate the technical problem of difficulty in controlling the height of weld beads when repairing castings in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the welding gasket fixture provided by the present invention includes: a gasket component and a gasket block component; The top of the pad component has a mounting groove, the gasket component is disposed in the mounting groove, and the gasket component is used to seal the welding end face; The gasket component is configured as a graphite gasket.

[0006] In an optional implementation, The pad component includes a first pad and a second pad; The first pad is disposed on top of the second pad, and the top of the first pad is provided with the mounting groove.

[0007] In an optional implementation, The second pad has an inclined surface facing the side of the first pad, and the first pad is configured to be placed on the inclined surface and to slide along the inclined surface.

[0008] In an optional implementation, The bottom of the second pad is provided with a snap-fit ​​boss, which is used to abut and position with the casting.

[0009] In an optional implementation, The material of the pad component is set to copper, steel or ceramic.

[0010] Secondly, the welding method based on the aforementioned welding backing fixture includes the following steps: Determine the location of the casting defect and drill a conical hole at the defect location; The second pad is placed into the casting, and then the first pad with the pad component is placed into the casting. Welding is performed on the repaired areas.

[0011] In an optional implementation, Determining the location of casting defects and creating conical holes at those defects includes the following steps: The location of the defect in the casting is determined, and a conical hole is made at the defect location using a grinding device.

[0012] In an optional implementation, The step of placing the second pad into the casting, followed by placing the first pad with the pad component into the casting, includes the following steps: The welding backing fixture is machined to conform to the shape and size of the defects in the casting after grinding. Clean the casting, first place the second pad in the casting until the snap-fit ​​boss contacts the casting; The assembled gasket component and the first gasket block are fed into the casting until the first gasket block and the second gasket block are in close contact.

[0013] In an optional implementation, The welding method further includes the following steps: After welding is completed, the second pad is removed by tapping the locking boss, then the first pad is removed, and then the welding repair position of the casting is scanned. The scanned casting is compared with the standard casting to observe the height of the weld bead at the welding repair position.

[0014] In an optional implementation, The welding method further includes the following steps: Observe whether there are any defects at the welding position. If there are no defects, grinding and heat treatment can be carried out.

[0015] The welding backing fixture provided by this invention sets a shim component in the mounting groove at the top of the shim block component. The shim component is made of graphite. Using a graphite shim on the welding end face will prevent the graphite shim from sticking to the titanium alloy, thereby effectively ensuring the expected welding repair effect. Furthermore, the separate design of the shim component and the shim block component can be processed according to the shape of the casting to be welded, effectively controlling the height of the weld bead and alleviating the technical problem of difficulty in controlling the height of the weld bead when repairing castings in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the welding backing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pad component in the welding pad fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pad in the welding pad fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second pad block in the welding pad fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Icons: 100-shield component; 200-shield block component; 210-first shield block; 211-mounting groove; 220-second shield block; 221-inclined surface; 222-clamping boss; 300-casting; 400-conical hole. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Using only copper blocks when welding titanium alloy castings 300 can lead to adhesion and welding defects such as bubbles.

[0024] In view of this, such as Figure 1 As shown, the welding gasket fixture provided in this embodiment includes: a gasket component 100 and a gasket block component 200; the top of the gasket block component 200 has a mounting groove 211, the gasket component 100 is disposed in the mounting groove 211, and the gasket component 100 is used to seal the welding end face; the gasket component 100 is a graphite gasket.

[0025] When using the welding liner fixture, first install the liner component 100 onto the pad component 200, then insert the pad component 200 with the liner component 100 into the casting 300, and then perform repair welding on the welding end face of the liner component 100. Since the liner component 100 can be disassembled at will, the welding liner fixture can be used again by simply replacing the liner component 100, without having to replace the liner component 100 itself.

[0026] Furthermore, the material of the pad component 200 is set to copper, steel or ceramic. Since copper pads have good strength, the combination of copper pads and graphite pads can be used for welding. The use of graphite pads on the welding end face can solve the above-mentioned technical problems well. Moreover, copper pads can be used multiple times, and only the graphite pads need to be replaced during the next welding.

[0027] It is important to note that before the welding liner fixture is placed into the casting 300, the location of the defect in the casting 300 needs to be determined. The location of the defect in the casting 300 is determined by using a marker pen. A conical hole 400 is made at the defect location by using a grinding device. Then, according to the shape and size of the defect in the casting 300 after grinding, the welding liner fixture is machined according to the shape by using a multi-functional milling machine.

[0028] Before welding, the casting needs to be cleaned with tools such as alcohol and an air gun.

[0029] Regarding the structure and shape of the pad component 200, specifically: like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the pad component 200 includes a first pad 210 and a second pad 220; the first pad 210 is disposed on top of the second pad 220, and the top of the first pad 210 is provided with an installation groove 211, which is formed by the recess of the top part of the first pad 210, so as to realize the detachable connection between the pad component 100 and the pad component 200, which is convenient for replacement and maintenance; the split structure allows the pad to be flexibly adjusted according to the shape of different castings 300, improving the adaptability of tooling; it helps to achieve local pressure regulation and heat isolation during the welding process, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second pad 220 has an inclined surface 221 facing the side of the first pad 210. The first pad 210 is configured to be placed on the inclined surface 221 and can slide along the inclined surface 221. After the second pad 220 is placed into the casting 300, the first pad 210 slides along the inclined surface 221. Due to the setting of the inclined surface 221, the first pad 210 gradually moves closer to the inner wall of the casting 300 as it slides along the inclined surface 221 until the first pad 210 and the second pad 220 are tightly fitted inside the casting 300, which means that the installation is complete and welding can be performed.

[0031] Furthermore, the bottom of the second pad 220 is provided with a snap-fit ​​boss 222, which is used to abut and position with the casting 300. During the insertion of the second pad 220, the second pad 220 extends into the position where the snap-fit ​​boss 222 contacts the end face of the casting 300. The contact between the snap-fit ​​boss 222 and the end face of the casting 300 plays a limiting and positioning role, preventing the second pad 220 from being inserted too deeply or shifting, and ensuring accurate positioning of the welding area. The welding backing fixture provided in this embodiment has the following technical advantages: Preventing adhesion: The use of graphite gaskets can effectively prevent the gaskets from sticking to the titanium alloy materials, avoiding welding defects caused by adhesion, such as uneven welds and porosity.

[0032] Improved welding quality: Since the graphite gasket does not adhere to the titanium alloy, the weld end face is cleaner and the weld pool is formed more uniformly, thereby improving the overall quality of the weld repair.

[0033] Simplified cleaning process: After welding, the graphite gasket is easy to remove without complicated cleaning steps, which improves work efficiency.

[0034] Removability: The gasket component 100 and the gasket block component 200 are designed separately, and the gasket can be easily installed and replaced through the mounting slot 211.

[0035] Flexibility: The split design allows the gasket to be processed and adjusted according to the specific shape of the casting 300 to be welded, so as to adapt to castings 300 of different shapes and sizes.

[0036] High adaptability: The split design allows the gasket to be customized according to the specific shape of the casting 300, which improves the versatility and adaptability of the tooling and is suitable for a variety of different castings 300.

[0037] Easy to maintain: The gasket component 100 can be replaced individually, which extends the service life of the entire tooling and reduces maintenance costs.

[0038] Improved precision: By precisely machining the gaskets, the position and shape of the welding area can be better controlled, thereby improving the precision and consistency of welding repairs.

[0039] Uniform stress distribution: The split design allows the gasket to fit tightly against the inner wall of the casting 300mm, ensuring uniform stress distribution in the welding area and reducing local stress concentration.

[0040] Reducing weld bead height: Through the above mechanism, the height of the weld bead is effectively controlled, reducing quality problems caused by excessively high weld beads, such as uneven welds and reduced strength.

[0041] In summary, the welding backing fixture provided in this embodiment, by setting a graphite gasket in the mounting groove 211 at the top of the gasket component 200, not only solves the problem of copper gaskets and titanium alloys sticking together in the prior art, but also improves the flexibility and adaptability of the fixture through its split design, effectively controls the height of the weld bead, significantly improves the quality and consistency of welding repair, and alleviates the technical problem of difficulty in controlling the height of the weld bead in the prior art.

[0042] Based on the above embodiments, the welding method based on the above welding liner tooling includes the following steps: using a marker to determine the defect location of the casting 300, and opening a conical hole 400 at the defect location; placing the second pad 220 into the casting 300, and then placing the first pad 210 with the pad member 100 into the casting 300; and welding the repair welding position.

[0043] Furthermore, determining the location of the defect in the casting 300 and opening a conical hole 400 at the defect location includes the following steps: determining the location of the defect in the casting 300 and opening a conical hole 400 at the defect location using a grinding device.

[0044] Further, placing the second pad 220 into the casting 300, and then placing the first pad 210 with the pad component 100 into the casting 300 includes the following steps: machining the welding pad fixture according to the shape and size of the defects in the polished casting 300, the welding pad fixture specifically includes the pad component 100, the first pad 210 and the second pad 220; cleaning the casting 300, first placing the second pad 220 into the casting 300 until the snap-fit ​​boss 222 contacts the casting 300; and sending the assembled pad component 100 and the first pad 210 into the casting 300 until the first pad 210 and the second pad 220 are tightly attached.

[0045] Furthermore, the welding method also includes the following steps: after welding is completed, the second pad 220 is removed by tapping the snap-fit ​​boss 222, then the first pad 210 is removed, and then the welding repair position of the casting 300 is scanned. The scanned casting 300 is compared with the standard casting 300 to observe the height of the weld bead at the welding repair position.

[0046] Furthermore, the welding method also includes the following steps: observe whether there are any defects at the welding position, and if there are no defects, grinding and heat treatment can be performed.

[0047] The welding method provided in this embodiment is as follows: Use a marker to determine the location of the defect in casting 300, and use a grinding device to open a conical hole 400 at the defect location; Based on the shape and size of the 300 defect in the polished casting, the welding liner tooling was machined according to the shape using a multi-functional milling machine. The casting 300 is cleaned using tools such as alcohol and air gun. First, the second pad 220 is placed in the casting 300 until the snap-fit ​​boss 222 contacts the casting 300. Then, the assembled graphite pad component 100 and the first pad 210 of copper material are pushed into the casting 300 by tapping until the first pad 210 and the second pad 220 fit tightly together. The welding gun is then used to weld the repaired area. After welding is completed, the second pad 220 can be removed by tapping the snap-fit ​​boss 222, and then the first pad 210 can be removed. Then, the welding repair position of the casting 300 is scanned with a scanner, and the scanned casting 300 is compared with the standard casting 300 to observe the height of the weld bead at the welding repair position. Digital X-rays are used to observe whether there are any defects at the welding position. If no defects are found, grinding and heat treatment can be performed.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding gasket fixture, characterized in that, include: Gasket component (100) and pad component (200); The top of the pad member (200) has a mounting groove (211), the gasket member (100) is disposed in the mounting groove (211), and the gasket member (100) is used to seal the welding end face; The gasket component (100) is configured as a graphite gasket.

2. The welding backing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pad component (200) includes a first pad (210) and a second pad (220); The first pad (210) is disposed on the top of the second pad (220), and the top of the first pad (210) is provided with the mounting groove (211).

3. The welding backing fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second pad (220) has an inclined surface (221) facing the side of the first pad (210), and the first pad (210) is configured to be placed on the inclined surface (221) and to slide along the inclined surface (221).

4. The welding backing fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the second pad (220) is provided with a snap-fit ​​boss (222), which is used to abut and position with the casting (300).

5. The welding backing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the pad component (200) is set to copper, steel or ceramic.

6. A welding method based on the welding backing fixture as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Determine the location of the defect in the casting (300) and make a conical hole (400) at the defect location. The second pad (220) is placed into the casting (300), and then the first pad (210) with the pad member (100) is placed into the casting (300); Welding is performed on the repaired areas.

7. The welding method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of determining the location of a defect in the casting (300) and creating a conical hole (400) at the defect location includes the following steps: The location of the defect in the casting (300) is determined, and a conical hole (400) is made at the defect location using a grinding device.

8. The welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of placing the second pad (220) into the casting (300) and then placing the first pad (210) with the pad member (100) into the casting (300) includes the following steps: The welding backing fixture is machined according to the shape and size of the defects in the polished casting (300); Clean the casting (300), first place the second pad (220) in the casting (300) until the snap-fit ​​boss (222) contacts the casting (300); The assembled gasket component (100) and the first gasket block (210) are fed into the casting (300) until the first gasket block (210) and the second gasket block (220) are in close contact.

9. The welding method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The welding method further includes the following steps: After welding is completed, the second pad (220) is removed by tapping the snap-fit ​​boss (222), and then the first pad (210) is removed. Then the welding position of the casting (300) is scanned, and the obtained casting (300) is compared with the standard casting (300) to observe the height of the welding bead at the welding position.

10. The welding method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The welding method further includes the following steps: Observe whether there are any defects at the welding position. If there are no defects, grinding and heat treatment can be carried out.

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