Cluster type charging system and power distribution method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electric vehicle charging systems. According to the cluster type charging system, a plurality of charging devices (including charging piles and charging terminals) are connected together through a direct-current line and communicate with one another, and charging power is allocated to one another. Therefore, any charging device can realize high-power charging and over-charging functions by calling idle charging capabilities of other charging devices in the system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The patent belongs to the field of electric vehicle charging systems. Specifically, it relates to a cluster charging system and a power allocation method BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, the common charging systems in China are either integrated charging equipment, each containing a charging module and a charging control unit, which has the disadvantage of limited charging modules, making it difficult to meet high-power charging requirements. Meanwhile, if the charging position is occupied by non-charging, the charging power is idle, resulting in low charging utilization. The other type is a split charging device that concentrates a large number of charging modules into a charging stack, and through a power switching device, the power is projected to any charging terminal. The disadvantage is high cost, requiring separate configuration of charging stack site construction.

[0003] Patent CN 118683379 proposes a solution to this problem, but still has the disadvantages of low charging utilization and inability to provide super-charging. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present patent is to provide a cluster charging system and a power allocation method to solve the problem of low charging utilization and the inability to provide super-charging of the existing integrated charging equipment, while overcoming the high cost and separate configuration of charging stack construction site problems of split charging equipment. Moreover, the product quality is more stable, the application is more convenient and flexible, and the charging power and charging spaces of the station can be expanded at will.

[0005] The present patent provides a cluster charging system composed of several charging devices; the charging devices are divided into charging piles and charging terminals. The charging pile contains a charging module, a charging control unit, and a power distribution unit, as well as several DC interfaces and charging interfaces. The charging terminal contains a charging control unit and a power distribution unit, as well as several DC lines and charging interfaces, but does not contain a charging module.

[0006] All charging devices are connected together through DC interfaces: the DC interfaces of the charging piles are connected to the DC interfaces of other charging piles, and can also be connected to the DC interfaces of other charging terminals. The DC interfaces of the charging terminals are connected to the DC interfaces of other charging piles, and can also be connected to the DC interfaces of other charging terminals.

[0007] Among them, the charging devices can be connected for power allocation through the positive and negative poles of the DC interface; the charging devices can communicate and coordinate control power allocation through the CAN / RS485 interface of the DC interface;

[0008] The benefit is that when a charging device (charging pile or charging terminal) charges an electric vehicle, the device can borrow the charging module of other idle charging devices through the DC interface to achieve high-power charging and improve the charging speed. When the charging module of a device is idle, it can be allocated to other charging devices through the DC interface to improve the utilization rate of the device.

[0009] The charging device can use a matrix switch to achieve power allocation. The benefit is that power can be freely allocated to the charging interface, DC interface, and charging module. Even when the charging interface is charging, the charging module can be allocated to any DC interface for use by other charging devices, or the power of the DC interface can be allocated to any charging interface.

[0010] The charging device can place switches between DC interfaces. The benefit is that even when all charging modules are in use, the DC interface can provide power allocation for other charging devices, effectively improving the power utilization rate of the charging system.

[0011] A liquid-cooled super-charging terminal can be connected to the charging system, and its DC interface can be connected to multiple charging piles that meet its power requirements. The benefit is that when an electric vehicle needs to be charged with super-large power, the super-charging terminal can allocate the charging modules of multiple charging piles to achieve super-charging function by connecting the super-charging interface of the super-charging terminal to the electric vehicle.

[0012] An energy storage unit can be connected to the charging system, and the charging pile is equipped with a DC / DC module. The benefit is that when the charging system is idle and the grid power is abundant, the energy storage unit can be charged using the charging pile; when the power is tight and the charging system needs high-power charging, power can be allocated from the energy storage unit to charge the electric vehicle through the DC / DC module of the charging pile. This improves the flexible use of power, reduces the load pressure of the grid, and improves the stability of the grid and the charging system.

[0013] The benefit is that when the charging power needs to be increased, only the necessary charging piles need to be added to the charging system.

[0014] The benefit is that when the charging utilization rate needs to be provided, only the necessary charging terminals need to be added to the charging system.

[0015] In summary, the cluster charging system is more flexible, more stable, and easier to expand than the traditional charging pile and split charging stack, which is beneficial to improve the charging power and the charging utilization rate.

[0016] The patent also provides a power allocation method based on a cluster charging system, the cluster charging system comprising a plurality of charging devices (including charging piles or charging terminals) connected in communication and direct current, the charging pile comprising a charging module for power conversion, a charging interface for charging an electric vehicle, and a direct current interface for system internal power allocation; the charging terminal comprising a charging interface for charging an electric vehicle, a direct current interface for system internal power allocation, and no charging module; the charging pile and the charging terminal being connected to other charging devices through the direct current interface for communication and power lines.

[0017] The power allocation method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1 The charging device is connected to the electric vehicle through the charging interface and obtains the charging demand of the electric vehicle;

[0019] The charging device obtains the charging demand of other charging devices through the direct current interface;

[0020] S2 According to the set charging strategy, the actual charging state is controlled to control the local charging module and the power distribution unit:

[0021] The local charging module is distributed to the charging interface for charging the electric vehicle or through the direct current interface for other charging devices:

[0022] The power of the direct current interface is distributed to the charging interface for charging the electric vehicle when needed;

[0023] S3 The local state and the idle state of the direct current interface and the charging module are sent through the direct current interface;

[0024] If the charging module is idle, it can be requested and called by other charging devices;

[0025] S4 When needed, according to the set charging strategy, the charging request is sent to other charging devices with idle through the direct current interface, including the requested voltage, current, power and line; when no longer needed, the charging request is sent to release the direct current interface and the charging module of other charging devices;

[0026] The corresponding other charging devices respond to the charging request; the required idle charging module is distributed to the specified direct current interface; or the charging module and the direct current interface are released according to the request;

[0027] S5 When needed, according to the set charging strategy, the charging demand is sent to the corresponding other charging devices through the direct current interface according to the charging condition of the local, and the required charging voltage / current is specified;

[0028] The corresponding other charging devices respond to the charging demand; the charging module outputs the corresponding voltage / current to the specified direct current interface;

[0029] The benefit is that the power utilization rate of the whole charging system is greatly improved by controlling the idle charging module to start and be put into the DC interface to charge the electric vehicle of other charging device.

[0030] Commonly, the first-come-first-served and power-sharing charging strategy is used to provide basic charging service.

[0031] Preferably, the local charging priority charging strategy can be set, and when the local charging interface is needed, the charging module is preferentially allocated to local use. The benefit is that the loss of long-distance power transmission can be reduced, and the charging efficiency is improved.

[0032] Optionally, the super-charging priority charging strategy can be set, and when the charging system has no idle charging module available, the super-charging terminal still sends a charging request, and the charging pile allocates the charging module to the super-charging use after receiving the request. The benefit is that the charging satisfaction of super-charging can be improved.

[0033] Preferably, the power priority charging strategy can be set, and when the charging system has no idle charging module available, the charging device can send a charging request to the charging device with low power consumption; the charging module allocates the charging module to the charging demand close to the rated power of the module after receiving the request. The benefit is that the power utilization rate of the whole charging system is improved.

[0034] Preferably, when charging, the charging module in close proximity is used as much as possible; when the charging demand decreases, the power demand of the long-distance charging module is preferentially reduced, and when it is reduced to 0, the long-distance charging module can be released. The benefit is that the long-distance power loss is reduced, and at the same time, the charging module can be idle as soon as possible to provide the charging efficiency and charging utilization rate of the charging system.

[0035] In summary, a good charging strategy can effectively improve the charging efficiency and power utilization rate of the charging system and customer satisfaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 One implementation of a cluster charging system

[0037] Figure 2 Another implementation of a cluster charging system

[0038] Figure 3 Flowchart of power allocation method DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical solutions of the patent clear and understandable, the patent will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. This description does not constitute any limitation or constraint on the patent.

[0040] 1. Example

[0041] Description: 11 - charging module 12 - power distribution unit 13 - charging control unit 14 - charging interface 15 - DC interface 16 - liquid cooling heat dissipation unit

[0042] As shown in the accompanying Figure 1 The charging system in the embodiment is composed of 3 charging piles and 1 charging terminal; they are connected through DC interfaces;

[0043] The charging pile is a 160kW double-gun charging pile, which contains 4 40kW AC / DC charging modules, 2 charging interfaces, 2 DC interfaces and 1 power distribution unit; the power distribution unit adopts 2 4x4 matrix switches for positive and negative poles respectively; one end of the switch is connected to the DC output port of the charging module, and the other end is connected to the DC interface or the charging interface; there are also 2 switches for connecting the positive and negative poles between the DC interfaces; the switch is realized by a relay; the DC interface contains the power interface of the positive and negative poles and the communication interface of CAN or RS485;

[0044] The charging terminal is a liquid-cooled super-charging terminal, which contains 1 liquid-cooled super-charging interface, 2 DC interfaces, 1 liquid-cooled heat dissipation unit and 1 power distribution unit; the power distribution unit adopts 4 relay switches to connect the positive and negative poles of the 2 DC interfaces and the super-charging interface respectively; the DC interface contains the power interface of the positive and negative poles and the communication interface of CAN or RS485;

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] When only one electric vehicle is connected to the liquid-cooled terminal of the 4# charging terminal, the 160kW charging power of the 1# charging pile can be accessed through the DC interface 4B to the charging interface of the terminal, the 160kW charging module of the 3# charging pile can be accessed through the DC interface 4A to the charging interface of the terminal, while the 80kW charging power of the 2# charging pile is accessed through 2A-1B-1A-4B, and the other 80kW charging power is accessed through 2B-3A-3B-4A, so that the electric vehicle can obtain 480kW charging power at the 4# charging terminal;

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] When there is one high-power electric vehicle connected to the 1# charging pile and one high-power electric vehicle connected to the 2# charging pile, the 160kW charging power of the 1# charging pile is used to charge the local electric vehicle; the 160kW charging power of the 2# charging pile is used to charge the local electric vehicle; the 80kW charging power of the 3# charging pile is accessed through 3A-2B to charge the 2# charging pile, and the 80kW charging power of the 3# charging pile is accessed through 3B-4A-4B-1A to the 1# charging pile, so that the charging power of the electric vehicles of the 1# charging pile and the 2# charging pile reaches 240kW.

[0049] 2. Embodiment

[0050] Description: 11 - charging module 12 - power distribution unit 13 - charging control unit 14 - charging interface 15 - DC interface 16 - liquid cooling unit 20 - charging battery pack 21 - battery management system

[0051] As shown in the accompanying drawings, the charging system in the embodiment is composed of 2 charging piles and 1 charging terminal, 1 energy storage unit; they are connected through DC interfaces; Figure 2 1# charging pile is a 160kW double-gun charging pile, containing 4 40kW AC / DC charging modules, 2 charging interfaces, 2 DC interfaces, and 1 power distribution unit; the power distribution unit adopts 2 4x4 matrix switches for positive and negative poles respectively; one end of the switch is connected to the DC output port of the charging module, and the other end is connected to the DC interface or the charging interface; the switch is realized by a relay; the DC interface contains power interfaces and CAN or RS485 communication interfaces for positive and negative poles;

[0052] 3# charging pile is a 120kW double-gun charging pile, containing 3 40kW AC / DC charging modules, 1 DC / DC module, 2 charging interfaces, 2 DC interfaces, and 1 power distribution unit; the power distribution unit adopts 2 4x4 matrix switches for positive and negative poles respectively; one end of the switch is connected to the DC output port of the charging module, and the other end is connected to the DC interface or the charging interface; the switch is realized by a relay; the DC interface contains power interfaces and CAN or RS485 communication interfaces for positive and negative poles;

[0053] 2# charging terminal contains 2 charging interfaces, 2 DC interfaces, and 1 power distribution unit; the power distribution unit adopts 4 relay switches to connect the positive and negative poles of the 2 DC interfaces and the supercharging interface respectively; the DC interface contains power interfaces and CAN or RS485 communication interfaces for positive and negative poles;

[0054] 4# energy storage unit contains a 120kWH charging battery pack, a battery management system, and 1 DC interface; the DC interface contains power interfaces and CAN or RS485 communication interfaces for positive and negative poles;

[0055] Embodiment description:

[0056] When the power supply is at a low point or there is a need, and the charging pile is idle, 4# energy storage unit can call 1# charging pile for charging or 3B call 3# charging pile for charging, and the maximum charging power of the grid to the energy storage unit can reach 280kW.

[0057]

[0058] ​When there is a power supply peak or a large power charging demand for electric vehicles, the energy storage unit can provide charging current through the DC / DC module of 3B and 3# charging piles. The maximum charging power of the electric vehicle can reach 320kW, at this time the power grid provides 280kW and the energy storage unit provides 40kW of charging power.

[0059] 3. Embodiment

[0060] Appendix Figure 1 Description: 11 - charging module 12 - power distribution unit 13 - charging control unit 14 - charging interface 15 - DC interface 16 - liquid cooling heat dissipation unit

[0061] Appendix Figure 3 Step description:

[0062] S1 The charging device is connected to the electric vehicle through the charging interface and obtains the charging demand of the electric vehicle;

[0063] The charging device obtains the charging demand issued by other charging devices through the DC interface;

[0064] S2 According to the set charging strategy and the actual charging state, control the local charging module and the power distribution unit:

[0065] Distribute the local charging module to the charging interface to charge the electric vehicle or through the DC interface to other charging devices:

[0066] When needed, distribute the power of the DC interface to the charging interface to charge the electric vehicle;

[0067] S3 Through the DC interface, issue the usage state of the local and the idle state of the DC interface and the charging module and power;

[0068] If the charging module is idle, it can be requested and called by other charging devices;

[0069] S4 When needed, according to the set charging strategy, send a charging request to other charging devices with idle through the DC interface, including the requested maximum voltage, current power and line; When no longer needed, release the DC interface and charging module of other charging devices;

[0070] The corresponding other charging devices respond to the charging request; distribute the required idle charging module to the specified DC interface; or release the charging module and the DC interface according to the request;

[0071] S5 When needed, according to the set charging strategy and the charging condition of the local, send a charging demand to the corresponding other charging devices through the DC interface, and specify the required charging voltage / current;

[0072] The corresponding other charging device responds to the charging demand; the control charging module outputs corresponding voltage / current to the specified DC interface;

[0073] Further, in the embodiment, a plurality of charging strategies are provided: first come first served, local priority, super charging priority, and power priority.

[0074] First come first served: according to the time order of charging, automatically apply / allocate the idle charging module and charging interface of the charging device;

[0075] Local charging priority: when the local charging interface demand changes, the local charging demand is preferentially met, and the charging module is preferentially allocated to local use;

[0076] Super charging priority: when the charging system has no idle charging module available, the super charging terminal still issues a charging request, and the charging pile allocates the charging module to the super charging use after receiving the request.

[0077] Power priority: when the charging system has no idle charging module available, the charging device can issue a charging request to the charging device with low power consumption; the charging module allocates the charging module to the charging demand close to the rated power of the module after receiving the request.

[0078] Further, when there is a charging demand, the idle charging device close to the charging demand is preferentially applied; when the charging demand decreases, the power demand of the charging module far away is preferentially reduced, and when it is reduced to 0, the corresponding charging module is released.

[0079] In summary, the optimized charging strategy can effectively improve the charging efficiency and power utilization rate of the charging system.

[0080] Embodiment illustration one:

[0081] First step:

[0082] S14# charging terminal gets electric vehicle charging demand 800V 600A from the charging interface;

[0083] S31# 2# 3# publish state each has 40kW*4 idle power; 1A 1B 2A 2B 3A 3B line is idle

[0084] S44# charging terminal issues a charging request to 1# charging pile: 1# 1A provides 160kW / 800V / 200A;

[0085] S21# charging pile responds, allocates 4 modules to 1A, and sets 4 charging modules to 800V / 50A

[0086] S24# charging terminal connects DC interface 4B to the charging interface

[0087] Current 4# charging terminal charging total power is 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0088] S4 4# charging terminal sends charging request to 3# charging pile: 3# 3B provides 160kW / 800V / 200A;

[0089] S2 3# charging pile responds, allocates 4 modules to 3B, sets 4 charging modules to 800V / 50A

[0090] S2 4# connects DC interface 4A to charging interface,

[0091] Current 4# charging terminal charging total power is 320kW / 800V / 400A

[0092] S4 4# charging terminal sends charging request to 1# charging pile: 1# 1A / 1B provides line

[0093] S2 1# charging pile responds, allocates 4 modules to 1B / 1A, so that 1A / 1B line is connected

[0094] S4 4# charging terminal sends charging request to 2# charging pile: 2# 2A provides 80kW / 800V / 10A;

[0095] S2 2# charging pile responds, allocates 2 modules to 2A, sets 2 charging modules to 800V / 50A

[0096] Current 4# charging terminal charging total power is 400kW / 800V / 500A

[0097] S4 4# charging terminal sends charging request to 3# charging pile: 3# 3A / 3B provides line

[0098] S2 3# charging pile responds, allocates 4 modules to 3B / 3A, so that 3A / 3B line is connected

[0099] S4 4# charging terminal sends charging request to 2# charging pile 2# 2B provides 80kW / 800V / 10A;

[0100] S2 2# charging pile responds, allocates 2 modules to 2B, sets 2 charging modules to 800V / 50A

[0101] Current 4# charging terminal charging total power is 480kW / 800V / 600A;

[0102] Second step:

[0103] S5 When charging, 4# charging terminal adjusts charging demand at any time according to charging state, and preferentially reduces long-distance charging demand

[0104] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 3B: 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0105] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 1A: 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0106] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 2A: 80kW / 800V / 100A

[0107] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 2B: 80kW / 800V / 100A

[0108] Electric vehicle charging demand decreases:

[0109] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 3B: 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0110] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 1A: 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0111] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 2A: 0kW / 800V / 0A

[0112] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 2B: 0kW / 800V / 0A

[0113] Step 3:

[0114] When the remote charging demand decreases to 0, preferentially release the remote charging module and line

[0115] S4 4# charging terminal sends release charging request 3A, 2B

[0116] 2# charging pile responds, stops the corresponding charging module, and disconnects the switch of 2B

[0117] 3# charging pile responds, and disconnects the switch of 3A

[0118] S4 4# charging terminal sends release charging request 2A, 1B

[0119] 2# charging pile responds, stops the corresponding charging module, and disconnects the switch of 2A

[0120] 1# charging pile responds, and disconnects the switch of 1B

[0121] Step 4:

[0122] The current 4# charging total power is 320kW / 800V / 400A

[0123] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 3A: 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0124] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 1A: 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0125] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 3A: 80kW / 800V / 100A

[0126] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 1A: 80kW / 800V / 100A

[0127] S2 3# charging pile releases 2 charging modules and disconnects them from 3A

[0128] S2 1# charging pile releases 2 charging modules and disconnects them from 1A

[0129] Current total charging power of 4# charging terminal is 160kW / 800V / 200A

[0130] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 3A: 80kW / 800V / 100A

[0131] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 1A: 0kW / 800V / 0A

[0132] S4 4# sends a release charging request 1A

[0133] S2 1# charging pile stops 2 charging modules and disconnects them from 1A

[0134] S2 4# charging terminal disconnects 4A and charging interface;

[0135] Total charging power of 4# charging terminal is 80kW / 800V / 100A

[0136] S5 4# charging terminal updates charging demand 3A: 0kW / 800V / 0A

[0137] S4 4# charging terminal sends a release charging request 3A

[0138] S2 3# charging pile stops all charging modules and disconnects them from 3A

[0139] 4# charging terminal stops charging and disconnects charging interface and DC interface switch

[0140] S3 1# charging pile 2# charging pile 3# charging pile 4# charging terminal Line and charging module are in idle state

[0141] Example Two:

[0142] 1. When the charging strategy is set to supercharge priority, even if the charging pile has other electric vehicles charging, it will allocate all the power to supercharge charging, and only when the supercharge terminal charging demand decreases or the charging is completed, the charging module will be released, and the charging of other electric vehicles will continue.

[0143] For example: 1# has an electric vehicle charging 100kW, 4# supercharge applies for 480kW charging

[0144] 4# supercharge terminal will first apply for the entire charging system to charge

[0145] At this time, 1# has an electric vehicle charging 100kW, 4# supercharge charging 360kW, and there is a shortage of 120kW, the entire charging system has no idle

[0146] Under supercharge priority, 4# terminal will apply for 120kW to 1# charging pile, 1# terminal will stop charging local electric vehicles and allocate 120kW to supercharge

[0147] When the power of 4# terminal decreases and gradually releases, 1# terminal will re-allocate 100kW to local electric vehicle charging

[0148] 2. When the charging strategy is set to first-come-first-served, the electric vehicle being charged will continue to charge; supercharge can only allocate idle charging modules; when the charging electric vehicle releases the charging module or completes the charging, the idle charging module will be allocated to the supercharge terminal.

[0149] For example: 1# has an electric vehicle charging 100kW, 4# supercharge applies for 480kW charging

[0150] 4# supercharge terminal will first apply for the entire charging system to charge

[0151] At this time, 1# has an electric vehicle charging 100kW, 4# supercharge charging 360kW, and there is a shortage of 120kW, the entire charging system has no idle

[0152] The system will maintain until the charging power of 1# electric vehicle decreases and stops, releasing the charging module, and then allocate the idle power to the electric vehicle of 4# super terminal

[0153] 3. When the charging strategy is set to local priority, even if the supercharge terminal has requested the entire charging system to charge the liquid-cooled supercharge, when the charging pile has an electric vehicle connected, it will still call the local charging module to charge its electric vehicle, thereby temporarily reducing the charging power of the supercharge.

[0154] Status: 4# supercharge 480kW charging; at this time, 1# charging pile has an electric vehicle connected, with a charging power demand of 100kW

[0155] 1# charging pile will automatically allocate 3 modules, 100kW for local charging,

[0156] At this time, 4# super charging has only 360kW charging power, and when 1# charging pile reduces or completes charging the electric vehicle, 4# super charging can restore 480kW charging

[0157] 4. When the charging strategy is set to power priority, if the electric vehicle being charged by the charging pile does not use up the charging module power, the device with higher charging power demand can seize its charging module for charging

[0158] Status: 1# has an electric vehicle charging 100kW, 4# super charging applies for 480kW charging

[0159] 4# super charging terminal will first apply for the entire charging system to charge

[0160] At this time, 1# has an electric vehicle charging 100kW, 4# super charging charging 360kW, and there is a shortage of 120kW, and the entire charging system has no idle

[0161] Under power priority, 4# super charging will apply to 1# for charging 120kW,

[0162] 1# gives up one module and keeps two modules for local electric vehicle charging 80kW; while 4# super charging increases to 400kW

[0163] If the local electric vehicle charging demand of 1# is less than 80kW, another charging module will be allocated to super charging

[0164] If the 4# super charging charging demand is less than 360kW, the idle charging module will be reallocated to 1# electric vehicle.

Claims

1. A cluster-type charging system, characterized in that: The charging system includes several charging piles and several charging terminals, and the charging piles and charging terminals are connected together through a DC interface. The charging pile and charging terminal include a charging control unit, a power distribution unit, several charging interfaces, and several DC interfaces; the charging pile also includes several charging modules; the charging terminal does not contain charging modules. The charging control unit has monitoring, communication and control functions, controls the charging module, power distribution unit and power distribution, manages the charging interface to realize electric vehicle charging, and manages the DC interface to coordinate power distribution with other charging devices. The charging module performs power conversion and outputs the corresponding voltage and current as required. The power distribution unit enables the power connection between the charging interface, the DC interface, and the charging module; The charging interface enables electric vehicle connection and charging functions; The DC interface includes positive and negative power interfaces, and can be connected to other charging piles and charging terminals in the charging system to perform power distribution.

2. The DC interface according to claim 1, characterized in that... It includes a communication interface; the communication interface adopts CAN or RS485 communication method.

3. The power distribution unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... It includes a matrix switch; one end of the switch is connected to the DC port or DC interface of the charging module, and the other end is connected to the DC interface or charging interface; one end of the switch is connected to one end of other switches in the same column of the matrix, and the other end is connected to other switches in the same column of the matrix. The power distribution unit can electrically connect the DC port of any charging module to any charging interface, can electrically connect the DC port of any charging module to any DC interface, and can electrically connect any DC interface to any charging interface, thus realizing the power connection between the charging interface, the DC interface, and the charging module.

4. The power distribution unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... There is a switch connecting the DC interfaces; one end of the switch is connected to one DC interface and the other end is connected to another DC interface; this enables power connection between the DC interfaces.

5. The charging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes at least one energy storage unit; the energy storage unit is connected to the DC interface of the charging system; The energy storage unit includes a rechargeable battery pack, a battery management system, and a DC interface.

6. The charging system according to claim 1, wherein at least one charging pile or charging terminal includes a liquid cooling heat dissipation unit, and at least one charging interface is a liquid-cooled supercharging interface; The liquid-cooled supercharging interface can be connected to electric vehicles for ultra-high-power charging.

7. A power dispatching method applicable to the clustered charging system described in claims 1-6, wherein the charging system comprises charging devices (including charging piles and charging terminals) connected together via a DC interface. Its characteristics are as follows: : The charging device obtains the charging needs of the electric vehicle through the charging interface. The charging device obtains the operating status of other charging devices through a DC interface; the operating status includes the number of idle charging modules and the idle status of the DC interface. According to the set charging strategy, the charging device sends a charging request to other charging devices through the DC interface; According to the set charging strategy, the charging device sends a charging request to other charging devices through a DC interface. The charging request includes the voltage / current required for charging. The charging device distributes power from the charging module and DC interface to charge the electric vehicle. The power dispatching method described above is further characterized in that: The charging device sends its status via a DC interface, including the idle status of the DC interface and the charging module; The charging device responds to charging requests from other charging devices and, according to a set charging strategy, allocates available charging modules and DC interfaces to the requesting charging device. The charging device responds to the charging needs of the requesting charging device and, according to the set charging strategy, controls the charging module to output the required voltage / current to the designated DC interface.

8. The charging strategy according to claim 7, characterized in that... This includes charging strategies and their combinations, such as local priority, supercharging priority, and power priority. The local priority is characterized by: prioritizing the use of the charging module of this charging device during power dispatch; and prioritizing the response to the charging needs of the charging interface of this charging device. The supercharging priority is characterized in that: during power allocation, priority is given to responding to the charging requests and charging needs of supercharging terminals; The power priority is characterized in that: during power allocation, priority is given to responding to charging requests and charging needs with high power utilization rates of the charging module.

9. The charging strategy according to claim 7, characterized in that... The total current and power demand sent by the charging device to other charging devices shall not exceed the charging demand of its local charging interface; the charging demand sent to other charging devices shall fully utilize the called charging module, and only the charging demand for the charging device with the longest distance may be partially utilized; when the current of the charging demand drops to 0, the corresponding charging module and DC interface shall be released. The term "full capacity" refers to the current or power being equal to the rated current or rated power of the charging module to which the charging device is invoked; the term "distance" refers to the number of charging devices belonging to the DC interface required for the requesting charging device and the corresponding charging device to establish their power connection.

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