Method for improving compatibility and impact toughness of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) plastic alloy material

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving compatibility and impact toughness of an ABS plastic alloy material, and belongs to the field of high polymer materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing an MG biopolymer compatilizer by adopting a solution polymerization method, and then sufficiently mixing dried ABS high rubber powder, an MG biopolymer and PA6 resin or PBT resin or PLA resin in a high-speed mixer to obtain a mixture; adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, blending and extruding under a melting condition, cooling, granulating and drying to obtain the ABS plastic alloy material. The MG bipolymer has an excellent compatibilization effect on various ABS plastic alloy materials, and the compatibilization effect of MG improves the phase interface between the alloy materials and improves the interface strength, so that the strength and rigidity of the ABS plastic alloy materials are also improved, and the mechanical properties of the ABS plastic alloy materials are improved. Therefore, the high compatibility of the ABS high rubber powder and various resins in the processing process and the high impact strength of the alloy material are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a method for improving compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy material. BACKGROUND

[0002] ABS resin is a high polymer material obtained by polymerization of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene, and has high flowability of polystyrene, rubber toughness of polybutadiene and chemical resistance of polyacrylonitrile. Typical ABS resin is obtained by mixing and processing ABS high glue powder obtained by emulsion graft polymerization and styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN resin) obtained by bulk polymerization in a certain proportion. The performance of ABS resin is between general plastic and engineering plastic, and the mechanical property is good, the flowability is excellent, and the price is relatively low, so the ABS resin is widely applied.

[0003] The ABS high glue powder used in the preparation process of ABS resin is a toughening agent with core-shell structure, and the core phase is polybutadiene rubber, and the shell phase is styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymer. The polybutadiene rubber content in ABS high glue powder is usually about 60wt%, so the ABS high glue powder has significant toughening capacity and is often used to prepare ABS plastic alloy material to improve the impact toughness of other plastics. Typical ABS plastic alloy material includes ABS / polycarbonate (PC), ABS / polyamide (PA), ABS / polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), ABS / polyvinyl chloride (PVC) alloy material, and the products can be widely used in the fields of automobile, electronic appliances, precision instruments, office equipment, sports goods and building materials. In order to obtain ABS plastic alloy material with excellent performance, one of the most critical problems is how to ensure good compatibility between ABS high glue powder and other resins. The alloy system with good compatibility can exhibit excellent physical properties, and the alloy system with poor compatibility can cause poor processing performance and mechanical property decline. For example, a copolymer containing maleic anhydride is usually added in the preparation process of ABS / PA alloy to improve the compatibility between ABS and PA; a copolymer containing epoxy propyl methacrylate is usually added in the preparation process of ABS / PBT alloy as a compatibilizer. Therefore, it is very important to develop a compatibilizer with excellent performance for preparing high-performance ABS plastic alloy. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims to provide a method for improving compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy material, and the application realizes high compatibility (high compatibility can be reflected by the increase of impact strength and elongation at break) of ABS high glue powder and various resins in the processing process and high impact strength of the alloy material by synthesizing a compatibilizer for preparing ABS plastic alloy material.

[0005] A method for improving compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy material, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) A methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (MG) binary copolymer compatibilizer is prepared by a solution polymerization method: methyl methacrylate (MMA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), toluene and an initiator are mixed in a mass ratio of 90-96:4-10:20-30:0.1 to obtain a mixture; then 1 / 20-1 / 30 of the mixture is added to a stainless steel reactor, and heated to 110-130°C by an oil bath; when the polymerization reaches a steady state, the remaining mixture is injected into the stainless steel reactor by a feeding pump at a continuous speed (0.30-0.80 kg / min) within 20-30 hours, and the obtained reaction product is sent into a devolatilization extruder by a melt pump at the same feeding speed to remove residual monomers and solvents; finally, the material obtained from the devolatilization extruder is cooled, granulated and dried to obtain the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer; the initiator used is di-t-butyl peroxide;

[0007] (2) The PA6 resin (nylon 6) is dried at 70-90°C for 5-8 hours, the PBT resin (polybutylene terephthalate) is dried at 100-120°C for 3-5 hours, the PLA resin (polylactic acid) is dried at 50-70°C for 4-8 hours, and the ABS high-gum powder is dried at 70-90°C for 3-5 hours;

[0008] (3) The dried ABS high-gum powder, the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer, the PA6 resin or the PBT resin or the PLA resin are fully mixed in a high-speed mixer for 8-15 minutes to obtain a mixture; wherein the amount of the ABS high-gum powder is 15-25 parts by mass, the amount of the PA6 resin or the PBT resin or the PLA resin is 75-85 parts by mass, and the amount of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is 1-5 parts by mass;

[0009] (4) The mixture obtained in step (3) is added to a twin-screw extruder for melt blending and extrusion, and then cooled, granulated and dried to obtain an ABS plastic alloy material, and the compatibility and impact toughness of the ABS plastic alloy material are effectively improved; the number of working zones of the twin-screw extruder is 6-8, the temperature of each working zone is first increased-kept-lowered, the temperature range of the working zones is 200-250°C, and the temperature of the die zone is lower than or equal to the temperature of the first working zone of the twin-screw extruder.

[0010] The ABS plastic alloy material obtained in step (4) is processed into standard mechanical property test samples in an injection molding machine, the notched impact strength is tested according to the ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties are tested according to the ASTM D638 standard.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present application are that the prepared MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is physically compatible with the shell SAN copolymer of the ABS high rubber powder material, the epoxy functional group in the GMA component of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer has a chemical compatibilization reaction with the terminal amino group and the terminal carboxyl group of the PA6 resin (PBT resin, PLA resin), so that the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer has excellent compatibilization effect on various ABS plastic alloy materials, and the super-high toughness of the alloy is achieved when the mass fraction of MG is 1%. At the same time, the compatibilization effect of MG improves the phase interface between the alloy materials and increases the interface strength, which also increases the strength and rigidity of the ABS plastic alloy material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] In order to further understand the present application, the ABS alloy provided by the present application and the preparation method thereof are described below in combination with the comparative examples and the examples.

[0013] The model of the twin-screw extruder is SHJ-30, the model of the devolatilization extruder is HKV-30, the model of the granulator is QLJ-100, and the model of the injection molding machine is SA1600 / 540.

[0014] Comparative Example 1

[0015] The PA6 resin was dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 6 hours, and the ABS high rubber powder material was dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 4 hours. After drying, 800 grams of PA6 resin and 200 grams of ABS high rubber powder material were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer (rotating speed of 100 rpm) and mixed for 10 minutes. Then, the mixed material was added to a twin-screw extruder, and the temperatures of each section (1-7) of the extruder were set to 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C, and 230°C, respectively, and the temperature of the die zone was 210°C, and the rotating speed of the main machine was 200 r / min. The blended material was extruded under melting conditions, and then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain an ABS / PA6 plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PA6 plastic alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test bars in an injection molding machine, and the notched impact strength was tested according to the ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to the ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0016] Example 1

[0017] The MG binary copolymer compatibilizer was prepared by solution polymerization method: 620.0 kg of MMA, 40.0 kg of GMA, 165.0 kg of toluene and 0.66 kg of initiator were mixed uniformly in a mass ratio of 94:6:25:0.1 to obtain a mixture; then 1 / 25 mass of the mixture (24.8 kg of MMA, 1.6 kg of GMA, 6.6 kg of toluene and 0.0264 kg of initiator) was added to a stainless steel reaction kettle, which was heated to 120°C by oil bath; when the polymerization reached a steady state, the remaining mixture (595.2 kg of MMA, 38.4 kg of GMA, 158.4 kg of toluene and 0.6336 kg of initiator) was injected into the stainless steel reaction kettle at a continuous speed (0.55 kg / min) by a feeding pump (the mixture accounted for 2 / 3 of the volume of the stainless steel reaction kettle), and the obtained reaction product was sent to a devolatilization extruder at the same feeding speed by a melt pump to remove residual monomers and solvents; finally, the material obtained from the devolatilization extruder was cooled, granulated and dried to obtain 500 kg of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer; the initiator used was di-t-butyl peroxide.

[0018] The PA6 resin was dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 6 hours, the ABS high glue powder was dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 4 hours, and the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer was dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 2 hours. After drying, 800 grams of PA6 resin, 200 grams of ABS high glue powder and 10 grams of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer for 10 minutes at a speed of 100 rpm. Then the mixed material was added to a twin-screw extruder, and the temperatures of the 1-7 sections of the extruder were set to 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C and 230°C respectively, the temperature of the die zone was 210°C, and the main machine speed was 200 r / min. The blended material was extruded under melting conditions, and then cooled, granulated and dried to obtain 900 grams of ABS / PA6 plastic alloy material.

[0019] The prepared ABS / PA6 alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test bars in an injection molding machine, the notched impact strength was tested according to the ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to the ASTM D638 standard, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0020] Example 2

[0021] The MG binary copolymer compatibilizer was prepared according to Example 1.

[0022] The PA6 resin is dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 6 hours, the ABS high glue powder is dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 4 hours, and the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 2 hours. After drying, 800 grams of PA6 resin, 200 grams of ABS high glue powder, and 20 grams of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer are weighed and added to a high-speed mixer for 10 minutes at a speed of 100 rpm. Then the mixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder, and the temperatures of the 1-7 sections of the extruder are set to 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C, and 230°C, respectively, and the temperature of the die zone is 210°C, and the main machine speed is 200 r / min. The blended material is extruded under melting conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900 grams of ABS / PA6 plastic alloy material.

[0023] The prepared ABS / PA6 alloy material is processed into standard mechanical property test bars in an injection molding machine, the notched impact strength is tested according to the ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties are tested according to the ASTM D638 standard, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0026] The PA6 resin is dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 6 hours, the ABS high glue powder is dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 4 hours, and the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is dried in a drying oven at 80°C for 2 hours. After drying, 800 grams of PA6 resin, 200 grams of ABS high glue powder, and 30 grams of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer are weighed and added to a high-speed mixer for 10 minutes at a speed of 100 rpm. Then the mixed material is added to a twin-screw extruder, and the temperatures of the 1-7 sections of the extruder are set to 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C, 230°C, and 230°C, respectively, and the temperature of the die zone is 210°C, and the main machine speed is 200 r / min. The blended material is extruded under melting conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900 grams of ABS / PA6 plastic alloy material.

[0027] The prepared ABS / PA6 alloy material is processed into standard mechanical property test bars in an injection molding machine, the notched impact strength is tested according to the ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties are tested according to the ASTM D638 standard, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] Example 4

[0029] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0030] PA6 resin was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 6 hours, ABS high-resin powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG binary copolymer compatibilizer was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PA6 resin, 200g of ABS high-resin powder, and 40g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PA6 plastic alloy material.

[0031] The prepared ABS / PA6 alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0032] Example 5

[0033] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0034] PA6 resin was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 6 hours, ABS high-resin powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG binary copolymer compatibilizer was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PA6 resin, 200g of ABS high-resin powder, and 50g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under melt conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PA6 plastic alloy material.

[0035] The prepared ABS / PA6 alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0036] Table 1: Mechanical property data of MG compatibilizer-enhanced ABS / PA6 alloy system

[0037]

[0038] The test results in Table 1 show that the addition of compatibilizer MG significantly improved the mechanical properties of the material compared to the ABS / PA6 alloy. The notched impact strength of the direct blend of PA6 and ABS was 269 J / m, while the notched impact strength of the ABS / PA6 alloy increased to 1206 J / m after adding only 1 wt% MG, an increase of 338%. This demonstrates that compatibilizer MG has an excellent compatibilizing effect on PA6 and ABS high-resin powder. Furthermore, we observed that the impact properties of the blend did not change significantly with increasing MG content. Therefore, from the perspective of improving the impact toughness of the material, 1 wt% MG is sufficient to achieve ultra-high toughness in the blend. On the other hand, the tensile property data show that the yield strength, Young's modulus, and elongation of the ABS / PA6 alloy also significantly improved after adding compatibilizer MG. This is because the addition of compatibilizer MG promotes the uniform dispersion of ABS high-resin powder in the PA6 matrix, preventing its aggregation in the matrix and thus avoiding a decrease in tensile properties.

[0039] Comparative Example 2

[0040] PBT resin was dried in a drying oven at 110℃ for 4 hours, and ABS high-resin powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours. 800g of the dried PBT resin and 200g of the ABS high-resin powder were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for stages 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PBT plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PBT alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. Notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256, and tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0041] Example 6

[0042] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0043] PBT resin was dried in a drying oven at 110℃ for 4 hours, ABS high-resin powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG binary copolymer compatibilizer was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PBT resin, 200g of ABS high-resin powder, and 10g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under melt conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PBT plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PBT alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0044] Example 7

[0045] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0046] PBT resin was dried in a drying oven at 110℃ for 4 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PBT resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 20g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PBT plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PBT alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Example 8

[0048] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0049] PBT resin was dried in a drying oven at 110℃ for 4 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PBT resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 30g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under melt conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PBT plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PBT alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Example 9

[0051] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0052] PBT resin was dried in a drying oven at 110℃ for 4 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PBT resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 40g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under melt conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PBT plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PBT alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0053] Example 10

[0054] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0055] PBT resin was dried in a drying oven at 110℃ for 4 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PBT resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 50g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 230℃, 230℃, and 230℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 210℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under melt conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PBT plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PBT alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0056] Table 2: Mechanical properties of MG compatibilized ABS / PBT alloy systems

[0057]

[0058] The test results in Table 2 show that the addition of compatibilizer MG significantly improved the mechanical properties of the material compared to the ABS / PBT alloy. The notched impact strength of the direct blend of PBT and ABS was 379 J / m, while the notched impact strength of the ABS / PBT alloy increased to 747 J / m after adding only 1 wt% MG, an increase of 97%. This demonstrates the excellent compatibilizing effect of MG on PBT and ABS. However, we also observed that the impact performance of the alloy gradually decreased with increasing MG content. Therefore, from the perspective of improving impact toughness, 1 wt% MG is sufficient to achieve ultra-high toughness in the blend; adding more compatibilizer has no positive effect on the impact toughness. On the other hand, the tensile property data show that the yield strength and Young's modulus of the alloy significantly increased after adding MG. This is because the addition of MG promotes the uniform dispersion of ABS in the PBT matrix, improving the interfacial strength between the two, thus resulting in better tensile properties in the blend. The elongation at break showed a phenomenon of first increasing and then decreasing.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] PLA resin was dried in a drying oven at 60℃ for 6 hours, and ABS high-resin powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours. 800g of the dried PLA resin and 200g of the ABS high-resin powder were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The temperatures of extruder sections 1-7 were set to 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 200℃, 200℃, and 200℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 180℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PLA plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PLA alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. Notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256, and tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0061] Example 11

[0062] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0063] PLA resin was dried in a drying oven at 60℃ for 6 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PLA resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 10g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 200℃, 200℃, and 200℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 180℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PLA plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PLA alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0064] Example 12

[0065] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0066] PLA resin was dried in a drying oven at 60℃ for 6 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PLA resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 20g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The temperatures of extruder sections 1-7 were set to 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 200℃, 200℃, and 200℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 180℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PLA plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PLA alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0067] Example 13

[0068] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0069] PLA resin was dried in a drying oven at 60℃ for 6 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PLA resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 30g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 200℃, 200℃, and 200℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 180℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PLA plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PLA alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0070] Example 14

[0071] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0072] PLA resin was dried in a drying oven at 60℃ for 6 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PLA resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 40g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The extruder's temperature settings for sections 1-7 were 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 200℃, 200℃, and 200℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 180℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PLA plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PLA alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0073] Example 15

[0074] The preparation of the MG binary copolymer compatibilizer is the same as in Example 1.

[0075] PLA resin was dried in a drying oven at 60℃ for 6 hours, ABS high-polymer powder was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 4 hours, and MG was dried in a drying oven at 80℃ for 2 hours. 800g of the dried PLA resin, 200g of ABS high-polymer powder, and 50g of MG binary copolymer compatibilizer were weighed and added to a high-speed mixer and mixed thoroughly for 10 minutes at 100rpm. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder. The temperatures of extruder sections 1-7 were set to 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 200℃, 200℃, and 200℃ respectively, with the die temperature set at 180℃ and the main extruder speed at 200r / min. The mixture was co-extruded under molten conditions, then cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain 900g of ABS / PLA plastic alloy material. The prepared ABS / PLA alloy material was processed into standard mechanical property test specimens in an injection molding machine. The notched impact strength was tested according to ASTM D256 standard, and the tensile properties were tested according to ASTM D638 standard. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0076] Table 3: Mechanical properties of MG compatibilized ABS / PLA alloy systems

[0077]

[0078] Table 3 shows that direct blending of PLA and ABS high-resin powder resulted in brittle fracture, with a notched impact strength of only 91 J / m, indicating poor compatibility between the two. Adding 1 wt% MG compatibilizer achieved high toughness in the PLA resin toughened with ABS high-resin powder, with the alloy's notched impact strength reaching 703 J / m. However, as the MG content increased further, the notched impact strength of the blend gradually decreased, reaching only 184 J / m when the MG content was 5%. This may be because the increased MG content led to a cross-linking reaction between the epoxy functional groups in GMA and PLA. Simultaneously, tensile tests revealed that the addition of MG increased the yield strength and Young's modulus of the alloy material.

[0079] The test results in Tables 1-3 show that the MG compatibilizer synthesized in this invention exhibits excellent compatibilizing ability and efficiency for the three alloy materials PA6 / ABS, PBT / ABS, and PLA / ABS, achieving ultra-high toughness in all alloys at a MG mass fraction of 1%. Simultaneously, the compatibilizing effect of MG improves the phase interface between alloy materials, increases interfacial strength, and consequently increases the strength and rigidity of the ABS alloy.

[0080] The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy materials, comprising the following steps: (1) A solution polymerization method was used to prepare a methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate binary copolymer compatibilizer: methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, toluene, and an initiator were mixed uniformly in a mass ratio of 90-96:4-10:20-30:0.1 to obtain a mixture; then 1 / 20-1 / 30 of the mixture was added to a stainless steel reactor and heated to 110-130°C by an oil bath; when the polymerization reached a steady state, the remaining mixture was continuously injected into the stainless steel reactor by a feed pump for 20-30 hours to carry out the reaction; the resulting reaction product was fed into a devolatilization extruder by a melt pump at the same feed rate to remove residual monomers and solvents; finally, the material obtained from the devolatilization extruder was cooled, granulated, and dried to obtain the methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate binary copolymer compatibilizer; the initiator used was di-tert-butyl peroxide; (2) Dry PA6 resin, PBT resin, PLA resin and ABS high-adhesion powder; (3) The dried ABS high-adhesion powder, methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate binary copolymer compatibilizer, PA6 resin or PBT resin or PLA resin are thoroughly mixed in a high-speed mixer for 8 to 15 minutes to obtain a mixture. (4) The mixture obtained in step (3) is added to a twin-screw extruder, and then co-extruded under molten conditions. After cooling, granulation and drying, ABS plastic alloy material is obtained.

2. The method for improving the compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the continuous speed of the feed pump is 0.30 to 0.80 kg / min.

3. The method for improving the compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), PA6 resin is dried at 70-90°C for 5-8 hours, PBT resin is dried at 100-120°C for 3-5 hours, PLA resin is dried at 50-70°C for 4-8 hours, and ABS high-adhesion powder is dried at 70-90°C for 3-5 hours.

4. The method for improving the compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the amount of ABS high-adhesion powder is 15-25 parts by weight, the amount of PA6 resin, PBT resin, or PLA resin is 75-85 parts by weight, and the amount of methyl methacrylate-epoxypropylene methacrylate binary copolymer compatibilizer is 1-5 parts by weight.

5. The method for improving the compatibility and impact toughness of ABS plastic alloy materials as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the number of working zones of the twin-screw extruder is 6 to 8. The temperature of each working zone is first raised, then maintained, and then lowered. The temperature range of the working zone is 200 to 250°C. The temperature of the die head zone is lower than or equal to the temperature of the first working zone of the twin-screw extruder.

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