Explosion venting system for boxboard assembly type anti-explosion building, explosion venting control method and boxboard assembly type anti-explosion building

Abstract

The invention provides an explosion venting system for a boxboard assembly type anti-explosion building, an explosion venting control method and the boxboard assembly type anti-explosion building. The explosion venting system is installed on the assembly type box body, and an explosion venting opening is formed in the explosion venting face of the assembly type box body. Comprising an explosion venting device, an elastic connecting piece and a flow guide cover. The explosion venting device is provided with a plurality of explosion venting units, one end of each explosion venting unit is rotationally connected with the edge of the corresponding explosion venting opening, and the side edges of every two adjacent explosion venting units are attached to cover and close the corresponding explosion venting opening in the normal-temperature state. The elastic connecting piece is arranged between two adjacent explosion venting units; the flow guide cover is arranged outside the explosion venting device; during explosion impact, the elastic connecting pieces provide elastic force for separating the side edges of the two adjacent explosion venting units so as to open the multiple explosion venting units for primary explosion venting, and after primary explosion venting, energy enters the flow guide cover for secondary explosion venting. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the explosion venting program can be started in a self-adaptive manner, multi-stage explosion venting and automatic resetting of the explosion venting device after explosion venting can be realized, so that the safety, the stability and the efficiency during explosion venting of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laboratory explosion safety experimental equipment technology, and more specifically, to an explosion venting system, explosion venting control method, and a prefabricated explosion-proof building for use in box-type prefabricated structures. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of laboratory explosion safety, traditional explosion venting systems typically rely on brittle materials (such as explosion venting windows and discs) or mechanical explosion venting doors to release pressure through material fracture or mechanical opening during an explosion. However, these traditional explosion venting methods often employ fixed pressure relief structures, which are often unable to adaptively adjust to different explosion energies and cannot automatically reset after venting, affecting their reuse. The explosion venting process is uncontrollable and may generate high-speed fragments or non-directional explosion blast waves, leading to secondary injuries. The explosion venting procedure lacks intelligent control, has a delayed response, and lacks adaptive adjustment capabilities, making it unable to adapt to different test conditions and complex, variable experimental environments. After the experiment, the airtight structure is damaged, and the airtightness is difficult to restore, affecting the experimental environment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a venting system, a venting control method and a prefabricated explosion-proof building for prefabricated box-type buildings, so as to improve the stability and adaptability of the venting system structure and enhance the safety of the prefabricated explosion-proof building.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings, installed on a prefabricated enclosure, wherein a venting port is provided on the venting surface of the prefabricated enclosure; comprising:

[0005] An explosion venting device includes multiple explosion venting units, which radiate along the center point of the explosion vent, and one end of each explosion venting unit is rotatably connected to the edge of the explosion vent. Under normal temperature conditions, the sides of two adjacent explosion venting units are attached to each other so that the multiple explosion venting units cover the explosion vent to close the explosion vent.

[0006] A resilient connector, wherein the resilient connector is disposed between two adjacent explosion relief units and faces the assembled enclosure; and

[0007] A flow deflector is provided outside the explosion relief device, and the size of the flow deflector gradually decreases in the direction away from the explosion relief device;

[0008] During an explosive impact, the elastic connector provides an elastic force that separates the sides of two adjacent explosion relief units, causing multiple explosion relief units to open in a direction away from the prefabricated enclosure for a primary explosion relief. The energy after the primary explosion relief enters the deflector for a secondary explosion relief. After the explosion relief is completed, the elastic connector provides an elastic force that brings the sides of two adjacent explosion relief units together, causing multiple explosion relief units to close the explosion relief port in a direction closer to the prefabricated enclosure.

[0009] In one embodiment, a temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor are provided at the center of the inner wall of the prefabricated box to monitor the temperature and / or pressure inside the prefabricated box in real time, and the temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor are connected to an external host computer in real time.

[0010] In one embodiment, the explosion venting device is a regular polygonal explosion venting plate, and the plurality of explosion venting units are triangular explosion venting plates with the center point and each side endpoint of the regular polygonal explosion venting plate as vertices, and each side of the regular polygonal explosion venting plate is the base of the triangular explosion venting plate, and the base of the triangular explosion venting plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the explosion vent.

[0011] In one embodiment, the triangular explosion relief plate is a multi-layer sandwich panel structure with sealing material wrapped around its edges. The surface panel of the multi-layer sandwich panel structure is a titanium alloy panel, and the core panel of the multi-layer sandwich panel structure is a honeycomb aluminum core panel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the thickness of the sealing material wrapped around the side of the triangular explosion vent plate is less than the thickness of the sealing material wrapped around the bottom edge of the triangular explosion vent plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the resilient connector includes:

[0014] The hinge body consists of two hinge feet of the same length, which are arranged in a V-shape. The open end of the two hinge feet is fixedly connected to the explosion-facing surfaces of two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates, and the closed end of the two hinge feet is rotatably connected and faces the assembled box.

[0015] A pivot shaft is fitted inside the ends of the two hinge feet at the closed end of the V-shape. A torsion spring is installed inside the pivot shaft, and both sides of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two hinge feet to transmit torque to the hinge feet.

[0016] A shape memory alloy spring is disposed between the two hinge feet to provide an elastic force that pushes the two hinge feet to rotate when the temperature rises and the spring recovers its elastic force.

[0017] In one embodiment, the resilient connector further includes at least one of the following:

[0018] The support is a wedge-shaped body with a preset angle. The lower rectangular surface of the wedge-shaped body is fixedly connected to the explosion-facing surface of the triangular explosion relief plate. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped body is fixedly connected to the ends of the two hinge legs of the V-shaped opening through a turntable.

[0019] A spring guide tube, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the inner middle of the hinge feet on both sides via ball joints; the spring guide tube is sleeved on the shape memory alloy spring, and the spring guide tube can extend and retract in accordance with the elastic deformation direction of the shape memory alloy spring.

[0020] In one embodiment, the explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings further includes:

[0021] A liquid cooling pipe is provided, with one end of which enters from the back surface of one of the two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates and sequentially passes through the hinge foot on one side of the V-shaped open end, the shape memory alloy spring, and the hinge foot on the other side of the V-shaped open end, and exits from the explosion-facing surface of the other triangular explosion relief plate. The portion of the liquid cooling pipe that exits the triangular explosion relief plate is arranged in close contact with the back surface of the triangular explosion relief plate, and both ends of the liquid cooling pipe are connected to an external coolant replacement tank via a pump to provide coolant to the shape memory alloy spring.

[0022] In one embodiment, a plurality of wave-damping holes are evenly distributed on the sidewall inside the flow guide, and the plurality of wave-damping holes on each sidewall are arranged in a conical array.

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention also provide an explosion relief control method based on the aforementioned explosion relief system, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Before the explosion test, set the temperature and / or pressure thresholds for safe operation of the prefabricated enclosure.

[0025] The shape memory alloy spring in the elastic connector is determined based on the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold.

[0026] During the explosion test, the temperature and / or pressure inside the assembled box are monitored in real time by temperature and / or pressure sensors. When the temperature and / or pressure are detected to be greater than or equal to the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold, the pump is slowed down or stopped to transport coolant to the liquid cooling pipe, so that the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring rises rapidly, causing the explosion relief system to start the explosion relief procedure.

[0027] Upon activation of the explosion venting mechanism, the shape memory alloy spring recovers its elasticity at high temperature and generates a pushing force that drives the hinge feet at both ends. When the pushing force exceeds the binding force provided by the torsion spring to the hinge feet, the combined action of the pushing force and the explosion pressure inside the assembled enclosure pushes open multiple explosion venting units in the explosion venting device, causing the explosion venting units to open along the diagonal of the explosion venting device. The energy generated by the explosion is released from the explosion vent, thus performing a primary explosion venting. The energy after the primary explosion venting then enters the flow guide and is absorbed through the wave-damping holes, thus performing a secondary explosion venting.

[0028] After the explosion is vented, the pump supplies coolant to the shape memory alloy spring through the liquid cooling pipe to quickly reduce the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring until it loses its elasticity. At this time, the hinge feet at both ends of the shape memory alloy spring approach each other under the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring, so as to pull the explosion venting unit in the explosion venting device to rotate back to close the explosion venting port.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a prefabricated explosion-proof building, which includes the explosion venting system described in the above embodiments.

[0030] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The prefabricated box in the explosion relief system of the present invention is a box panel assembly structure, which has stronger explosion resistance than the traditional structure, and the structure and materials of the prefabricated box can be adjusted according to the explosion test requirements to meet different explosion resistance requirements.

[0032] (2) The explosion venting system of the present invention can achieve multi-stage explosion venting through explosion venting device and flow guide, ensuring that the explosion energy after explosion venting is effectively absorbed or dissipated, thereby ensuring the safety of the experimental environment and experimental personnel.

[0033] (3) In the explosion venting system of the present invention, the explosion venting device can realize an adaptive explosion venting triggering mechanism through the elastic connector, so as to start the explosion venting program in a timely manner and control the explosion venting direction to ensure the safety and integrity of the prefabricated building structure and the safety of the test personnel; at the same time, the explosion venting device can also be quickly reset through the elastic connector so as to quickly restore after the experiment, ensuring the reuse and rapid reuse of the prefabricated building.

[0034] (4) The prefabricated box and the explosion relief device in the explosion relief system of the present invention have good airtightness, preventing high temperature or harmful gas and dust from escaping and causing damage to the experimental environment or threatening the safety of experimental personnel. In addition, the explosion relief system can detect airtightness through pressure sensor to ensure good airtightness of the prefabricated box. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the explosion venting system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of an optional embodiment of the explosion venting system provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the assembled box provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion-facing surface structure when the explosion-venting device is an explosion-venting plate, according to an optional embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the back explosion surface structure when the explosion venting device is an explosion venting plate according to an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the core panel of a triangular explosion relief plate provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of an elastic connector provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a side view of the elastic connector provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a perspective structural diagram of the connection between the elastic conduit and the shape memory alloy spring in an elastic connector provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flow guide provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion relief plate in the open state during explosion venting, provided by an optional embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between a ball joint and a spring guide tube provided in an optional embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0048] 1. Prefabricated enclosure; 101. Pressure sensor and temperature sensor; 102. Door; 2. Explosion relief device; 201. Surface panel; 202. Core panel; 203. Sealing material; 204. Enclosure frame; 205. Frame hinge; 206. Explosion relief unit; 3. Elastic connector; 301. Rotating shaft; 302. Hinge foot; 303. Support component; 304. Rotary disc; 305. Shape memory alloy spring; 306. Spring guide tube; 307. Ball joint; 3071. Spherical shell; 3072. Sphere; 3073. Disc; 308. Liquid cooling pipe; 4. Flow deflector; 401. Wave damping hole. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprising / including," "consisting of," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include, where necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product, apparatus, process, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising / including," "consisting of," does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes said element.

[0051] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0052] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] Prefabricated box-type structures are a new type of structural system that can be rapidly assembled, and their design concept originates from ship superstructures. Prefabricated box-type building structures have advantages such as light weight, convenient construction, high standardization, and excellent seismic performance. By adjusting the structure and materials, they can achieve high strength and toughness, making them suitable as basic components for the design of blast-resistant laboratories.

[0055] Based on this, this invention proposes a venting system and a venting-resistant building for prefabricated prefabricated buildings, building upon the prefabricated prefabricated building structure. This is a novel intelligent unidirectional venting device and venting control method for venting-resistant buildings. This novel venting device should not only meet the blast resistance requirements of sufficient explosion experiments but also adaptively trigger the venting mechanism to ensure the safety of the chamber structure and experimental personnel. The following detailed description, in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, further elaborates on this concept.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings is installed on a prefabricated box 1. The prefabricated box 1 is a prefabricated box structure and can be used as an explosion-proof room, explosion-proof laboratory, etc. Explosion vents are provided on the explosion venting surface of the prefabricated box 1. The explosion venting system includes an explosion venting device 2, an elastic connector 3, and a flow guide 4. The explosion venting device 2 includes multiple explosion venting units, which radiate along the center point of the explosion vent. One end of each explosion venting unit is rotatably connected to the edge of the explosion vent. Under normal temperature conditions, the sides of two adjacent explosion venting units are fitted together so that the multiple explosion venting units cover the explosion vent to close it. The elastic connector 3 is disposed between two adjacent explosion venting units and faces inward towards the prefabricated box 1. The flow guide 4 can be frustoconical and covered outside the explosion venting device 2, and the size of the flow guide 4 gradually decreases in the direction away from the explosion venting device 2. During an explosion, the elastic connector 3 provides an elastic force that separates the sides of two adjacent explosion relief units, causing multiple explosion relief units to open in a direction away from the prefabricated housing 1 for a first explosion relief. The energy after the first explosion relief enters the deflector 4 for a second explosion relief. After the explosion relief is completed, the elastic connector 3 provides an elastic force that makes the sides of two adjacent explosion relief units stick together, causing multiple explosion relief units to close their explosion relief ports in a direction close to the prefabricated housing 1.

[0057] In this embodiment, the prefabricated enclosure 1 is a cubic airtight cavity structure composed of prefabricated wall panels. An explosion vent is provided at a preset explosion height on the hazardous wall (explosion vent surface) of the prefabricated enclosure 1. An explosion venting device is located outside the hazardous wall and covers the explosion vent. Here, the preset explosion height is preferably set to 1m~1.5m. Preferably, the walls and floors of the prefabricated enclosure 1, except for the explosion vent surface, are all made of steel structure prefabricated wall panels with good explosion and penetration resistance to improve the explosion resistance of the prefabricated enclosure 1, prevent the prefabricated enclosure 1 from being penetrated by high-speed fragments or blast shock waves that may be generated by an explosion, and thus effectively resist the damage caused by the explosion, preventing damage to the overall structure of the prefabricated enclosure 1. At the same time, the prefabricated structure of the prefabricated enclosure 1 facilitates the replacement of fatigued or damaged parts, avoiding complete disassembly and replacement, reducing maintenance costs, and extending the service life of the prefabricated enclosure 1.

[0058] In one feasible example, the assembly connections between each wall panel and floor slab of the prefabricated enclosure 1 are filled with a high-temperature resistant and elastic sealing material. This sealing material is preferably a high-temperature resistant silicone rubber material filled with ceramic fiber and metal mesh. By filling the gaps in the assembly connections with this sealing material, the high-temperature resistant and elastic sealing material can maintain its integrity under high-temperature conditions, ensuring the airtightness of the structural connections and joints. This, in turn, gives the prefabricated enclosure 1 good airtightness, preventing the diffusion of high-temperature gases, even harmful gases or dust, during explosion experiments, which could affect personnel safety. Simultaneously, the explosion impact may cause slight displacement or deformation of the walls and floor slabs, and rigid connections may lead to airtightness failure. However, the sealing material filling the structural connections and joints has a certain degree of elasticity and compressibility, allowing it to adapt to deformation and ensuring that the prefabricated enclosure 1 always maintains good sealing performance.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, a door 102 is provided on the wall opposite the explosion venting surface in the prefabricated enclosure 1. The door 102 is only used here to facilitate the entry and exit of experimental personnel in the prefabricated enclosure 1. In some embodiments, other methods may be provided for experimental personnel to enter and exit.

[0060] In this embodiment, the explosion venting device may include multiple explosion venting units. At room temperature, these multiple explosion venting units surround the explosion vent, forming the entire device, to cover and close the explosion vent. At this time, the sides of every two adjacent explosion venting units are tightly fitted together. One end of each explosion venting unit is rotatably connected to the edge of the explosion vent; as... Figure 2As shown, preferably, a box frame 204 is provided around the edge of the explosion vent. One end of each explosion vent unit is rotatably connected to the box frame 204. When an explosion occurs, the explosion vent unit rotates about the box frame 204 as an axis and moves away from the assembled box 1, so that the sides of two adjacent explosion vent units separate to open the explosion vent for explosion venting.

[0061] In this embodiment, multiple elastic connectors 3 are provided, and one elastic connector 3 is provided between each pair of adjacent explosion relief units to assist in opening or closing multiple explosion relief units and to reset the explosion relief units after explosion relief is completed, so as to improve the reusability of the explosion relief system; at the same time, the elastic connector 3 is provided between two adjacent explosion relief units, which can also control the opening direction of the explosion relief unit (opening towards the direction away from the assembled box 1).

[0062] In this embodiment, the outer shell material of the deflector 4 is preferably a hard material capable of withstanding explosive shock waves and heat; such as Figure 2 As shown, the deflector 4 is frustum-shaped and fixedly connected to the outside of the explosion relief device 2, and the area of ​​the end near the explosion relief device 2 is larger than the area of ​​the explosion relief port and the area of ​​the explosion relief device 2. Preferably, the deflector 4 is a tapered deflector, that is, the size of the deflector 4 gradually decreases in the direction away from the explosion relief device 2, and a flow channel is opened on the deflector 4 through its axial direction. The flow channel has the same shape as the deflector 4, both being tapered structures. Here, the deflector 4, as a secondary explosion relief device (the explosion relief device 2, as a primary explosion relief device), after the explosion is vented once by the explosion relief device 2, by setting the tapered deflector 4, on the one hand, the energy after the explosion relief device 2 is vented can be guided through the flow channel, and on the other hand, the instantaneous overpressure peak generated by the explosion shock wave can be further reduced during the guiding process, ensuring the safety of other structures and personnel behind the explosion relief port. It should be understood that the deflector 4 can be integrally formed with the assembled box 1, or it can be a separate component and fixedly connected to the explosion relief surface of the assembled box 1.

[0063] like Figure 10 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of wave-damping holes 401 are evenly distributed on the side wall inside the flow guide shroud 4, and the plurality of wave-damping holes 401 on each side wall are arranged in a conical array.

[0064] In this embodiment, multiple wave-damping holes 401 are uniformly formed on each sidewall of the flow channel in the flow guide shroud 4. Preferably, the wave-damping holes are conical. More preferably, the inner wall of the wave-damping holes 401 is made of a loose and porous material that can absorb a large amount of instantaneous high-pressure energy. Here, the multiple wave-damping holes 401 on each sidewall are arranged in a conical array to further reduce the instantaneous overpressure peak generated by the explosion shock wave and ensure the safety of other structures and personnel behind the explosion vent.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor 101 is provided at the center of the inner wall of the prefabricated box 1 for real-time monitoring of the temperature and / or pressure inside the prefabricated box 1, and the temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor 101 is connected to an external host computer in real-time. Here, the temperature sensor is preferably an infrared thermal imager, and the pressure sensor is preferably a fiber optic pressure sensor. By setting the temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor, during the explosion experiment, on the one hand, the temperature and / or pressure inside the prefabricated box 1 can be monitored in real time and transmitted to the control system (host computer) in real time, so as to control the elastic connector 3 to provide elastic force to control the opening or closing of the explosion relief device 2 in a timely manner, so as to perform an explosion relief or reset the explosion relief device 2 after the explosion relief is completed, thereby ensuring the structural safety, integrity and reusability of the prefabricated box 1 and ensuring the safety of the experimental personnel; on the other hand, the airtightness of the prefabricated box 1 can also be detected by the temperature sensor or pressure sensor to ensure the good airtightness of the prefabricated box 1.

[0066] See Figures 2 to 5 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the explosion relief device 2 is a regular polygonal explosion relief plate, and the plurality of explosion relief units are triangular explosion relief plates with the center point and the endpoints of each side of the regular polygonal explosion relief plate as vertices, and each side of the regular polygonal explosion relief plate is the base of the triangular explosion relief plate, and the base of the triangular explosion relief plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the explosion relief port.

[0067] In this embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the explosion relief device 2 can be a regular polygonal explosion relief plate. Multiple triangular explosion relief plates of the same size and shape are obtained by uniformly dividing the plate by its center point as the vertex and connecting it to the endpoints of each side. Here, the regular polygonal explosion relief plate can be magnetically connected to the box frame 204. Preferably, the box frame 204 can be a steel frame. The box frame 204 and the regular polygonal explosion relief plate are connected by magnetic attraction provided by an electromagnet made of high-temperature resistant metal wrapped with heat-insulating wires. Simultaneously, an auxiliary mechanical connection mechanism is used. Preferably, frame hinges 205 can be used to rotatably connect each side of the regular polygonal explosion relief plate (i.e., the base plate of the triangular explosion relief plate) to the box frame 204. Magnetic attraction prevents loosening due to the plate's own weight when relying solely on rotational connection. Mechanical rotational connection also prevents the triangular explosion relief plate from directly separating from the box frame 204 due to demagnetization of the magnet caused by the high temperature of the explosion level.

[0068] Here, the regular polygonal explosion relief plate can be an equilateral triangle, a regular square, a regular pentagon, etc. Taking a regular square explosion relief plate as an example, the explosion relief plate unit is four right-angled triangular explosion relief plates divided along the plastic hinge line (the 45° diagonal of the regular square) of the regular square explosion relief plate. The plate surface is a square (diagonal of the square) divided into four right-angled triangular panels, and the base edge (side of the regular square) of each right-angled triangular explosion relief plate can rotate about the box frame 204 as an axis, opening along the plastic hinge line during explosion relief for one explosion relief operation. This arrangement allows for control of the explosion relief direction and position, improving the controllability of the explosion relief. Furthermore, the 45° diagonal division ensures that each right-angled triangular explosion relief plate is evenly stressed, reducing local stress concentration and irregular fragmentation. It should be noted that if other regular polygons are used, the plastic hinge line should be the line connecting the center point of the regular polygon to the endpoints of its sides.

[0069] like Figures 4 to 5 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the outer edge of the triangular explosion vent plate is wrapped with a sealing material 203, and the thickness of the sealing material 203 wrapped on the sides of the triangular explosion vent plate (i.e., the two legs of the triangle) is less than the thickness of the sealing material 203 wrapped on the bottom edge of the triangular explosion vent plate, so as to facilitate the rotation and displacement of the triangular explosion vent plate. Here, the sealing material 203 is preferably a high-temperature resistant and elastic sealing material, and the sealing material 203 can also be a high-temperature resistant silicone rubber material filled with ceramic fiber and metal mesh. By setting the sealing material 203, the airtightness during the explosion experiment can be guaranteed, preventing the leakage of harmful gases and dust that may occur during the experiment; at the same time, the sealing material 203 can also compensate for small vibrations and displacements, ensuring that the regular polygonal explosion vent plate will not fail to maintain airtightness due to thermal expansion and contraction or mechanical vibration. In addition, it can also reduce the mechanical collision of the triangular explosion vent unit during displacement.

[0070] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the triangular explosion venting plate is a multi-layer sandwich panel structure. The surface panel 201 in the multi-layer sandwich panel structure is a titanium alloy panel, and the core panel 202 in the multi-layer sandwich panel structure is a honeycomb aluminum core panel. Preferably, the triangular explosion venting plate is a three-layer sandwich panel structure, wherein the surface panels 201 on both sides are titanium alloy panels, and the core panel 202 in the middle layer is a honeycomb aluminum core panel. Here, the surface panels 201 on both sides have strong explosion resistance, and the honeycomb aluminum core of the middle core panel 202 can absorb instantaneous explosion energy. This configuration gives the entire explosion venting plate structure high strength and lightweight characteristics, while also possessing excellent explosion resistance. Furthermore, the titanium alloy panels on both sides also have fatigue resistance, maintaining structural integrity even under repeated experiments and multiple explosion impacts, thereby improving the service life and reusability of the explosion venting device.

[0071] like Figure 4As shown, the explosion-facing surface of the explosion relief device 2 is a square explosion relief plate. The elastic connector 3 is set on both sides of the plastic hinge line of the square explosion relief plate and fixed on the titanium alloy surface plate 201 of the two triangular explosion relief plates to facilitate the control of the explosion relief start of the triangular explosion relief unit in the explosion experiment.

[0072] See Figure 4 as well as Figures 7 to 8 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the elastic connector 3 may include a hinge body, a pivot 301, and a shape memory alloy spring 305. The hinge body consists of two hinge feet 302 of equal length, arranged in a V-shape. The open ends of the two hinge feet 302 are fixedly connected to the explosion-facing surfaces of two adjacent triangular explosion-proof plates, while the closed ends of the two hinge feet 302 are rotatably connected and face inwards towards the assembled housing 1. The pivot 301 is fitted inside the closed ends of the two hinge feet 302. A torsion spring is disposed inside the pivot 301, with both sides of the torsion spring fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two hinge feet 302 to transmit torque to the hinge feet 302. The shape memory alloy spring 305 is disposed between the two hinge feet 302 to provide an elastic force to push the two hinge feet 302 to rotate when the temperature rises and the elastic force is restored.

[0073] In this embodiment, such as Figures 7 to 8 As shown, the hinge body is configured with a movable V-shaped structure, and the two ends of the open end of the V-shaped structure are fixedly connected to two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates respectively. Specifically, the hinge body consists of two hinge feet 302 with the same shape and size. The first ends of the two hinge feet 302 are simultaneously fitted onto the outside of the same rotating shaft 301, and the tail ends of the two hinge feet 302 are fixedly connected to the explosion-facing surfaces (facing the interior of the assembled box 1) of two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates respectively, so as to form a movable V-shaped structure that can rotate along the rotating shaft 301.

[0074] Here, the torsion spring installed inside the pivot 301 can be integrated with the pivot 301. The two sides of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the two hinge feet 302 through the pivot 301, and the torsion is transmitted to the two hinge feet 302.

[0075] Here, a shape memory alloy spring 305 is provided inward at the middle of the two hinge feet 302. The shape memory alloy spring 305 is a spring with a preset shape made of shape memory alloy. It has temperature response characteristics. When the temperature rises, it is elastic (its elastic deformation capability is far greater than that of ordinary metals) and can provide elastic force to restore its preset shape. When the temperature drops (here, it can be cooled down by cooling), it loses elasticity and can be plastically deformed when an external force is applied.

[0076] At normal temperature, the shape memory alloy spring 305 is plastic and lacks elasticity. At this time, the torsion spring provides a binding force (elastic support force) to the two hinge feet 302, keeping them fixed. During an explosion, the high temperature causes the shape memory alloy spring 305 to gradually regain its elasticity. As the temperature rises, this elastic force gradually increases until it exceeds the binding force provided by the torsion spring. This elastic force can then push the hinge feet 302 on both sides of the shape memory alloy spring 305 to rotate around the pivot 301 by a certain angle. During this rotation, the hinge feet 302 rotate, causing the torsion spring to twist and storing energy. Simultaneously, when the hinge feet 302 rotate by a certain angle, the two hinge feet 302 can drive the two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates to rotate along the frame hinge 205 in a direction away from the assembled enclosure 1 until the entire polygonal explosion relief plate is opened (e.g., Figure 11 As shown), the explosion vent is opened to perform an explosion venting operation. When the external force is released, that is, when the shape memory alloy spring 305 loses its elasticity due to temperature drop, the torsion spring releases its stored energy to drive the hinge foot 302 to rotate in the opposite direction and return to its original position. During the reverse rotation, the two adjacent triangular explosion vent plates are simultaneously driven to rotate along the frame hinge 205 toward the direction closer to the assembled box 1 to close the regular polygonal explosion vent plate, thereby closing the explosion vent and improving the reusability of the explosion venting system.

[0077] Here, the working temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 305 (the temperature at which elastic force is generated) can be set according to the installation working pressure and temperature range of the prefabricated box 1, so as to activate the explosion relief program in time and ensure the safety of the overall structure of the prefabricated box 1.

[0078] like Figures 7 to 9 As shown, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the elastic connector 3 further includes at least one of the following:

[0079] Support member 303 is a wedge-shaped body with a preset angle. The lower rectangular surface of the wedge-shaped body is fixedly connected to the explosion-facing surface of the triangular explosion relief plate. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped body is fixedly connected to the ends of the two hinge feet 302 of the V-shaped opening end through the turntable 304.

[0080] The spring guide tube 306 has its two ends fixedly connected to the inner middle of the two hinge feet 302 on both sides via ball joints 307. The spring guide tube 306 is sleeved on the outside of the shape memory alloy spring 305, and the spring guide tube 306 can extend and retract in accordance with the elastic deformation direction of the shape memory alloy spring 305.

[0081] In this embodiment, the support member 303 corresponds one-to-one with the hinge foot 302; as shown Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the support member 303 is a wedge-shaped body with an appropriate slope angle to adapt to and match the open or closed state of the triangular explosion relief plate, ensuring the stability of the elastic connector 3 when connected to the triangular explosion relief plate. The lower rectangular surface of the wedge-shaped body is fixedly connected to the inner titanium alloy surface plate (explosion-facing surface) of the triangular explosion relief plate. A disc turntable 304 is provided on the slope of the wedge-shaped body, and the disc turntable 304 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the hinge foot 302. Here, the disc turntable 304 can rotate freely about its own central axis. By setting the disc turntable 304, the elastic connector 3 will not be pulled or squeezed and damaged by the different rotation angles of the two hinge feet 302 when rotating with the triangular explosion relief plate, thereby improving the service life of the elastic connector.

[0082] Here, the spring conduit 306 is a rigid cylindrical tube with an inner diameter slightly larger than that of the shape memory alloy spring 305 and an outer diameter slightly larger than its own inner diameter. The material of the spring conduit 306 is preferably a hard material that can work normally under the high temperature of an explosion and has good heat transfer properties, so that when the explosion impact occurs, the heat generated by the explosion can be transferred to the shape memory alloy spring 305, so that the shape memory alloy spring 305 generates elastic force due to the temperature rise, thereby changing the length of the shape memory alloy spring 305.

[0083] like Figure 9 As shown, preferably, the spring conduit 306 can be a sleeve-type telescopic conduit composed of two sleeves of different diameters fitted together, with good lubrication and airtightness between the two sleeves. By setting the sleeve-type telescopic conduit, when the elastic connector 3 is working, it undertakes to fix the telescopic direction of the shape memory alloy spring 305, and at the same time transfers heat to the shape memory alloy spring 305, which changes with the length of the shape memory alloy spring 305; in addition, after the explosion is vented, it works in conjunction with the liquid cooling component (the liquid cooling component will be described in detail below) to control the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 305.

[0084] like Figure 12As shown, ball joints 307 are provided at both ends of the spring guide tube 306. The ball joint 307 is a structure similar to a universal joint and is cylindrical in shape. Specifically, it can include a spherical shell 3071 and a sphere 3072 movably nested in the spherical shell 3071. The design of the sphere nested in the spherical shell provides a flexible rotation angle. A small opening is provided on the spherical shell 3071 to lock the sphere 3072 and prevent it from falling out. Here, one side of the sphere 3072 can be fixedly connected to the disc 3073 at the end of the spring guide tube 306 through the first cylindrical tube, and one side of the spherical shell 3071 can be fixedly connected to the inner side of the hinge foot 302 through the second cylindrical tube. Here, a disc 3073 is fixedly connected to the two sleeves near the ends of the sphere 3072 so that the two sleeves can be fixedly connected to the spherical shell 3071 of the ball joint 307 through the second cylindrical tube. Preferably, the shape memory alloy spring 305 can be freely located in the space between the two end discs 3073 without mechanical connection. Of course, the two ends of the shape memory alloy spring 305 can be fixedly connected to the two end discs 3073 respectively, so that when the elastic force is generated by heat, the discs 3073 can be pushed to drive the two sleeves to move relative to each other, thereby pushing the hinge feet 302 on both sides away, so as to open the two adjacent triangular explosion relief units.

[0085] By setting the ball joint 307, when the elastic connector 3 is working, the ball joint 307 changes accordingly with the angle of the hinge foot 302, so that the shape memory alloy spring 305 and the spring guide tube 306 can remain straight and not bend or break with the angle of the hinge foot 302.

[0086] Preferably, the spring guide tube 306 has buckles at both ends so that the disc near the end and disposed inside the spring guide tube 306 will not be completely pushed out of the spring guide tube 306 by the shape memory alloy spring 305 when the explosion is vented. Instead, the sleeve-type telescopic tube of the spring guide tube 306 will be extended to push the hinge feet 302 on both sides.

[0087] Preferably, a channel is provided in the radial direction of the center of the ball shell 3071, the ball 3072, and the first cylindrical tube and the second cylindrical tube at both ends in the ball joint 307. One end of the channel can be connected to the spring liquid cooling conduit 306 through a flexible pipe to facilitate the laying of liquid cooling components and realize the function of transporting coolant.

[0088] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 as well as Figure 7 and Figure 8In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the explosion venting system for the above-mentioned prefabricated explosion-proof building may further include a liquid-cooled pipe 308. One end of the liquid-cooled pipe 308 enters from the back surface of one of the two adjacent triangular explosion venting plates and sequentially passes through the hinge foot 302 on one side of the V-shaped open end, the shape memory alloy spring 305, and the hinge foot 302 on the other side of the V-shaped open end, and exits from the blast-facing surface of the other triangular explosion venting plate. The portion of the liquid-cooled pipe 308 that exits the triangular explosion venting plate is arranged close to the back surface of the triangular explosion venting plate, and both ends of the liquid-cooled pipe 308 are connected to an external coolant replacement tank via a pump to provide coolant to the shape memory alloy spring 305.

[0089] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling pipe 308 is the aforementioned liquid cooling component. The liquid cooling pipe 308 is a coolant delivery pipe that runs sequentially through the coolant replacement tank, pump, and elastic connector 3 outside the assembled housing 1. One end of the liquid cooling pipe 308 connects to the pump at the coolant replacement tank (used to store and store coolant) outside the assembled housing 1, then passes through the back surface of one of the two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates, and pierces through the support member 303 of the elastic connector 3. A liquid cooling pipe channel is provided inside the support member 303. One end of the liquid cooling pipe 308 enters the hinge foot 302, ball joint 307, and spring guide 306 (and is located inside the shape memory alloy spring 305) sequentially through the liquid cooling pipe channel, and then symmetrically connects back to the coolant replacement tank outside the assembled housing 1. Here, the arrangement of the liquid cooling pipe 308 can form an external environment isolated from the internal environment of the assembled box 1, so as to facilitate the delivery of coolant and avoid affecting the transfer of heat from the spring conduit 306 to the shape memory alloy spring 305.

[0090] like Figure 5 As shown, the back surface of the explosion relief device 2 is a square explosion relief plate. Here, the length and position of the part of the liquid cooling pipe 308 that protrudes from the triangular explosion relief plate (outside the assembled housing 1, that is, on the back surface of the triangular explosion relief plate) can be adjusted accordingly with the triangular explosion relief plate so that the liquid cooling pipe 308 will not affect the normal use of the explosion relief device 2 under any circumstances.

[0091] During an explosion, the flow rate and volume of the coolant in the liquid cooling pipe 308 are controlled to flush the shape memory alloy spring 305 and remove some heat, thereby cooling the spring and controlling the explosion venting threshold. This allows the explosion venting system to automatically activate its venting procedure. The coolant can be, but is not limited to, liquid nitrogen or dry ice.

[0092] The explosion venting system provided in the above embodiments of the present invention, under normal temperature and humidity, the shape memory alloy spring 305 is plastic and lacks elasticity. The binding force provided by the torsion spring force of the elastic connector 3 keeps the triangular explosion venting plate closed (e.g., Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown); after the explosion experiment begins, the shape memory alloy spring 305 gradually recovers its elasticity and generates elastic force at high temperature. When the pushing force provided by its elastic force to the hinge feet 302 on both sides is greater than the binding force provided by the torsion spring to the hinge feet 302, the shape memory alloy spring 305 will push the hinge feet 302 to rotate along the pivot 301. At this time, under the combined action of the rotation of the hinge feet 302 and the overpressure inside the assembled box 1, the triangular explosion relief plate is pushed open, causing the triangular explosion relief plate to open along the plastic hinge line (as shown). Figure 11 As shown, the prefabricated enclosure 1 performs a first explosion venting; the energy after the first explosion venting enters the tapered flow guide 4 and is further dissipated, completing the second explosion venting; throughout the explosion venting process, the temperature and / or pressure inside the prefabricated enclosure 1 can be monitored in real time by temperature sensors and / or pressure sensors, so as to reduce the flow rate or flow of coolant or stop the supply of coolant in time, causing the shape memory alloy spring 305 to heat up rapidly and generate elastic pushing force; after the second explosion venting is completed, by monitoring the temperature and / or pressure in real time, the flow rate or flow of coolant is increased to make the shape memory alloy spring 305 cool down rapidly, lose its elasticity and become plastic, and under the action of the torsion spring, the hinge foot 302 gradually closes and returns to its initial state, which can then drive the triangular explosion venting plate to close along the plastic hinge line, completing the intelligent explosion venting of the first explosion experiment.

[0093] During the explosion venting process, multi-stage explosion venting can be achieved through the explosion venting device 2 and the deflector 4, which improves the explosion venting efficiency and reduces the impact of the explosion on the external environment, ensuring the safety of experimental personnel. Through temperature sensors and / or night sensors, in conjunction with the shape memory alloy spring 305 in the elastic connector 3, the threshold for initiating the explosion venting program can be automatically adjusted according to the structural safety strength limit of the prefabricated enclosure 1, ensuring the structural safety and integrity of the prefabricated enclosure 1, thereby increasing the service life of the explosion venting system and ensuring the safety of experimental personnel. After the explosion venting is completed, the liquid cooling components, in conjunction with the torsion spring in the elastic connector 3, can automatically reset the explosion venting device 2, thereby improving the reusability of the explosion venting system.

[0094] It should be understood that the components in the explosion venting system provided by the above embodiments of the present invention can be standardized and quickly replaced at any time to ensure the continuous operation and repeated use of the explosion-proof explosion venting system, thereby ensuring the efficient use and safety quality of the explosion venting system.

[0095] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for controlling the explosion venting of a prefabricated explosion-proof building based on the above embodiments, which may specifically include the following steps:

[0096] Step 11: Before the explosion test, set the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold for safe operation of the prefabricated box 1. Here, the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold for safe operation can be set according to the structure, materials, and working conditions of the prefabricated box 1.

[0097] Step 12: Determine the shape memory alloy spring 305 in the elastic connector 3 according to the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold. Here, the operating temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 305 should be within the threshold range for safe operation of the assembled housing 1 to ensure the integrity of the overall structure of the test housing 1 and the safety of the explosion experiment. Here, the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 305 can be controlled by preheating the shape memory alloy spring 305 or pre-feeding (circulating) a coolant at a certain rate or flow rate to achieve the effect of controlling the explosion venting threshold (temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold).

[0098] Step 13: In the explosion test, the temperature and / or pressure inside the assembled box 1 are monitored in real time by temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor 101. When the detected temperature and / or pressure are greater than or equal to the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold, the pump is slowed down or stopped to transport coolant to the liquid cooling pipe 308 so that the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 305 rises rapidly, thereby activating the explosion relief system.

[0099] Step 14: After the explosion venting is activated, the shape memory alloy spring 305 recovers its elasticity at high temperature and generates a pushing force to push the hinge feet 302 at both ends. When the pushing force is greater than the binding force provided by the torsion spring to the hinge feet 302, the multiple explosion venting units in the explosion venting device 2 are pushed open under the combined action of the pushing force and the explosion pressure inside the assembled box 1. The explosion venting units open along the diagonal of the explosion venting device 2, and the energy generated by the explosion is released from the explosion venting port to perform a first explosion venting. The energy after the first explosion venting enters the flow guide 4 and is absorbed through the wave-damping hole 401 to perform a second explosion venting, thereby reducing the external pressure peak.

[0100] Step 15: After the explosion venting is completed, the pump supplies coolant to the shape memory alloy spring 305 through the liquid cooling pipe 308 to quickly reduce the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 305 until the shape memory alloy spring 305 loses its elasticity. At this time, the hinge feet 302 at both ends of the shape memory alloy spring 305 approach each other under the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring, so as to pull the explosion venting unit in the explosion venting device 2 to rotate back to close the explosion venting port.

[0101] In this embodiment, the overall control process of the explosion relief system is a complete closed-loop control: sensor monitoring—self-triggered explosion relief—controllable flow guidance—automatic reset—airtightness restoration. When the internal pressure or temperature of the assembled enclosure 1 exceeds the safety threshold, the fiber optic pressure sensor and infrared thermal imager monitor in real time and report to the host computer. The host computer adjusts the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 305 to rapidly heat up and restore its elasticity, thereby triggering the explosion relief device to open. This directs the energy and shock wave of the explosion to the tapered flow guide 4. The explosion energy is further absorbed or dissipated in the tapered flow guide 4, reducing the impact of the explosion relief on the external environment and ensuring the safety of the experimental personnel. After the explosion is vented, coolant is supplied through the liquid cooling pipe to accelerate the cooling of the shape memory alloy spring 305, causing it to lose its elasticity. The force of the torsion spring then closes the explosion venting device and the explosion venting port. After the explosion test, the reset status of the explosion venting unit is checked to determine whether the explosion venting unit needs to be replaced. At the same time, the sealing material between the explosion venting units in the explosion venting device 2 and at the joints between the wall panels and the floor slabs of the prefabricated enclosure 1 is checked to determine whether the airtightness of the prefabricated enclosure 1 is qualified, ensuring that the prefabricated enclosure 1 can safely conduct the next explosion test.

[0102] To avoid the gradual performance degradation of the spring (shortened stroke, reduced force) caused by repeated temperature rises and falls, the service life of the shape memory alloy spring 305 should be considered when designing the shape memory alloy spring 305. At the same time, the service life of the shape memory alloy spring 305 can be monitored in real time through a service life detection device.

[0103] The explosion venting system and explosion venting control method provided in the above embodiments of the present invention have good airtightness, a multi-stage pressure relief structure, an adaptive explosion venting triggering mechanism, and a rapid reset function for the explosion venting device. Under explosion tests, the explosion venting system itself has superior explosion resistance; the adaptive explosion venting triggering mechanism can ensure the integrity of the prefabricated building structure and personnel safety; after the explosion vent is opened, the secondary pressure relief structure-diffuser can ensure that the subsequent explosion energy is absorbed and will not endanger the safety of personnel outside the laboratory; the rapid reset function of the explosion venting device ensures the reusability and rapid reuse of the explosion-proof laboratory, thereby reducing experimental costs.

[0104] Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications conforming to the principles of the present invention can still be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the scope of the present invention should be understood and recognized as covering all such other variations or modifications.

[0105] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings, installed on a prefabricated box body, wherein a venting port is provided on the venting surface of the prefabricated box body; characterized in that, include: An explosion venting device includes multiple explosion venting units, which radiate along the center point of the explosion vent, and one end of each explosion venting unit is rotatably connected to the edge of the explosion vent. Under normal temperature conditions, the sides of two adjacent explosion venting units are attached to each other so that the multiple explosion venting units cover the explosion vent to close the explosion vent. An elastic connector is provided between two adjacent explosion relief units and faces the assembled enclosure. as well as A flow deflector is provided outside the explosion relief device, and the size of the flow deflector gradually decreases in the direction away from the explosion relief device; During an explosive impact, the elastic connector provides an elastic force that separates the sides of two adjacent explosion relief units, causing multiple explosion relief units to open in a direction away from the prefabricated enclosure for a primary explosion relief. The energy after the primary explosion relief enters the deflector for a secondary explosion relief. After the explosion relief is completed, the elastic connector provides an elastic force that brings the sides of two adjacent explosion relief units together, causing multiple explosion relief units to close the explosion relief port in a direction closer to the prefabricated enclosure.

2. The explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor are installed at the center of the inner wall of the prefabricated box to monitor the temperature and / or pressure inside the prefabricated box in real time, and the temperature sensor and / or pressure sensor are connected to an external host computer in real time.

3. The explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion venting device is a regular polygonal explosion venting plate, and the plurality of explosion venting units are triangular explosion venting plates with the center point and each side endpoint of the regular polygonal explosion venting plate as vertices. Each side of the regular polygonal explosion venting plate is the base of the triangular explosion venting plate, and the base of the triangular explosion venting plate is rotatably connected to the edge of the explosion vent.

4. The explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The triangular explosion relief plate is a multi-layer sandwich panel structure with sealing material wrapped around its edges. The surface panel of the multi-layer sandwich panel structure is a titanium alloy panel, and the core panel of the multi-layer sandwich panel structure is a honeycomb aluminum core panel.

5. The explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic connector includes: The hinge body consists of two hinge feet of the same length, which are arranged in a V-shape. The open end of the two hinge feet is fixedly connected to the explosion-facing surfaces of two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates, and the closed end of the two hinge feet is rotatably connected and faces the assembled box. A pivot shaft is fitted inside the ends of the two hinge feet at the closed end of the V-shape. A torsion spring is installed inside the pivot shaft, and both sides of the torsion spring are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two hinge feet to transmit torque to the hinge feet. A shape memory alloy spring is disposed between the two hinge feet to provide an elastic force that pushes the two hinge feet to rotate when the temperature rises and the spring recovers its elastic force.

6. The explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The resilient connector further includes at least one of the following: The support is a wedge-shaped body with a preset angle. The lower rectangular surface of the wedge-shaped body is fixedly connected to the explosion-facing surface of the triangular explosion relief plate. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped body is fixedly connected to the ends of the two hinge legs of the V-shaped opening through a turntable. A spring guide tube, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the inner middle of the hinge feet on both sides via ball joints; the spring guide tube is sleeved on the shape memory alloy spring, and the spring guide tube can extend and retract in accordance with the elastic deformation direction of the shape memory alloy spring.

7. The explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A liquid cooling pipe is provided, with one end of which enters from the back surface of one of the two adjacent triangular explosion relief plates and sequentially passes through the hinge foot on one side of the V-shaped open end, the shape memory alloy spring, and the hinge foot on the other side of the V-shaped open end, and exits from the explosion-facing surface of the other triangular explosion relief plate. The portion of the liquid cooling pipe that exits the triangular explosion relief plate is arranged in close contact with the back surface of the triangular explosion relief plate, and both ends of the liquid cooling pipe are connected to an external coolant replacement tank via a pump to provide coolant to the shape memory alloy spring.

8. The explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner sidewall of the flow guide is provided with multiple wave-damping holes, and the multiple wave-damping holes on each sidewall are arranged in a conical array.

9. A method for controlling the explosion venting of a prefabricated explosion-proof building based on any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Before the explosion test, set the temperature and / or pressure thresholds for safe operation of the prefabricated enclosure. The shape memory alloy spring in the elastic connector is determined based on the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold. During the explosion test, the temperature and / or pressure inside the assembled box are monitored in real time by temperature and / or pressure sensors. When the temperature and / or pressure are detected to be greater than or equal to the temperature threshold and / or pressure threshold, the pump is slowed down or stopped to transport coolant to the liquid cooling pipe, so that the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring rises rapidly, causing the explosion relief system to start the explosion relief procedure. After the explosion venting is activated, the shape memory alloy spring recovers its elasticity at high temperature and generates a pushing force to push the hinge feet at both ends. When the pushing force is greater than the binding force provided by the torsion spring to the hinge feet, the multiple explosion venting units in the explosion venting device are pushed open under the combined action of the pushing force and the explosion pressure inside the assembled box. The explosion venting units open along the diagonal of the explosion venting device, and the energy generated by the explosion is released from the explosion venting port to perform one explosion venting. The energy released after the first explosion enters the deflector and is absorbed through the wave-damping holes for a second explosion venting. After the explosion is vented, the pump supplies coolant to the shape memory alloy spring through the liquid cooling pipe to quickly reduce the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring until it loses its elasticity. At this time, the hinge feet at both ends of the shape memory alloy spring approach each other under the elastic restoring force of the torsion spring, so as to pull the explosion venting unit in the explosion venting device to rotate back to close the explosion venting port.

10. A prefabricated, explosion-proof building, characterized in that, Includes the explosion venting system for prefabricated explosion-proof buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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