Up-and-down step ladder for foundation pit

Abstract

The invention discloses an up-and-down step ladder for a foundation pit. The up-and-down step ladder comprises a movable chassis and an extension ladder main body, the movable chassis at least comprises a track extending in the first direction; the extension ladder main body comprises a sliding seat and an extension ladder main body part connected to the sliding seat, the sliding seat is slidably connected to the track, one end of the extension ladder main body part is rotatably connected to the sliding seat and can rotate to a preset angle relative to the sliding seat, and the extension ladder main body part comprises at least two stages of step ladder assemblies; the step ladder assemblies of the adjacent stages are connected in a sliding mode in the length direction of the step ladder assemblies. According to the scheme, the safety and reliability of the step ladder can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pit construction operation, in particular to a pit up-and-down ladder. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the construction operation of the pit, the workers need to go up and down the pit through the traditional ladder, especially in the case that the bottom cannot be supported, the hanging ladder needs to be used to go up and down. There is a risk of personnel falling and stepping on the equipment to cause damage. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a pit up-and-down ladder to improve the safety and reliability of the ladder.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the present application is: a pit up-and-down ladder, comprising a mobile chassis and a telescopic ladder body; the mobile chassis at least comprises a track extending in a first direction; the telescopic ladder body comprises a sliding seat and a telescopic ladder body part connected to the sliding seat, the sliding seat is slidingly connected to the track, one end of the telescopic ladder body part is rotatably connected to the sliding seat and can be rotated to a preset angle relative to the sliding seat, the telescopic ladder body part comprises at least two levels of ladder assembly, and the adjacent levels of the ladder assembly are slidingly connected along the length direction of the ladder assembly itself.

[0005] The pit up-and-down ladder provided by the present application comprises a mobile chassis and a telescopic ladder body, the mobile chassis is used for the overall movement of the pit up-and-down ladder, when the pit up-and-down ladder needs to be used, the mobile chassis is walked to the outside of the pit on the ground, and the telescopic ladder body part is unfolded and rotated to a preset angle, that is, the telescopic ladder body part is lowered into the pit, the telescopic ladder body part is provided, when the telescopic ladder body part is in the storage state, the length is small, the telescopic ladder body part is convenient for storage on the mobile chassis, when the telescopic ladder body part is in the unfolded state, the length is large, the telescopic ladder body part is convenient for rotating and lowering into the pit, and the cooperation of the sliding seat and the track realizes the sliding of the telescopic ladder body relative to the mobile chassis, which is convenient for the telescopic ladder body to be located above the opening of the pit after the mobile chassis is moved in place, and then the process of rotating and lowering the telescopic ladder body into the pit is not interfered by the side wall of the pit.

[0006] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the present application, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, which can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0007] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0009] Figure 2 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the moving base plate in the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit of Figure 1 ;

[0010] Figure 3 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the telescopic ladder body in the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit of Figure 1 ;

[0011] Figure 4 is a side view schematic diagram of the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit according to the embodiment of the present application, in which the telescopic ladder body part is in an unfolded state but not lowered into the foundation pit;

[0012] Figure 5 is a side view schematic diagram of the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit according to the embodiment of the present application, in which the telescopic ladder body part is in an unfolded state and lowered into the foundation pit;

[0013] Figure 6 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit of Figure 5 ;

[0014] Figure 7 is a side view schematic diagram of the telescopic ladder body of Figure 3 ;

[0015] Figure 8 is a side view schematic diagram of the telescopic ladder body in the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit of Figure 4 ;

[0016] Figure 9 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the telescopic ladder body of Figure 8 ;

[0017] Figure 10 is a side view schematic diagram of the telescopic ladder body in the upper and lower step ladder of the foundation pit of Figure 5 ;

[0018] Figure 11 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the telescopic ladder body of Figure 10 ;

[0019] Figure 12 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the first step ladder pedal assembly in the telescopic ladder body of Figure 3 ;

[0020] Figure 13 is Figure 3 a perspective structural schematic view of a second step ladder pedal assembly in a telescopic ladder body;

[0021] Figure 14 is Figure 10 an enlarged view of A in 10.

[0022] Explanation of reference signs:

[0023] 10, foundation pit up and down step ladder; 100, moving chassis; 110, track; 111, first end; 112, second end; 120, walking wheel; 130, operating rod; 140, shell; 150, hydraulic station; 160, battery pack; 200, telescopic ladder body; 210, sliding seat; 211, sliding block; 212, connecting rod; 213, mounting column; 220, telescopic ladder body part; 2200, step ladder assembly; 221, first step ladder assembly; 2210, first support frame; 2211, first step ladder first support; 2212, first step ladder first connecting rod; 2213, first step ladder second support; 2214, first step ladder second connecting rod; 2215, first step ladder pedal assembly; 22151, first pedal body; 2216, first step ladder guardrail; 22152, first pedal connecting plate; 222, second step ladder assembly; 2220, second support frame; 2221, second step ladder first support; 2222, second step ladder first connecting rod; 2223, second step ladder second support; 2224, second step ladder second connecting rod; 2225, second step ladder pedal assembly; 22251, second pedal body; 22252, second pedal connecting plate; 2226, second drive cylinder; 2227, second step ladder guardrail; 223, telescopic drive; 2231, drive gear; 2232, drive rack; 230, first drive cylinder; 170, control system; 180, falling detection mechanism; X, first direction; Y, second direction; Z, third direction; a, preset angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0027] In this paper, the reference to "embodiments" means that the specific features, structures or properties described in conjunction with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or it can be electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] The term "parallel" in the present application includes not only the case of absolute parallel, but also the case of approximate parallel as generally recognized in engineering. Meanwhile, the term "perpendicular" also includes not only the case of absolute perpendicular, but also the case of approximate perpendicular as generally recognized in engineering. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances by those skilled in the art.

[0033] At present, during the foundation pit construction operation, the workers need to go up and down the foundation pit through the traditional ladder, especially in the case where the bottom cannot be supported, the hanging ladder needs to be used to go up and down. There is a risk of personnel falling and stepping on the equipment to cause damage. At present, the automation degree of the step ladder is not high, cannot realize fixed distance extension, cannot realize one-key electric control, lacks early warning device and other functions.

[0034] Based on the above considerations, a foundation pit up and down step ladder is designed. The foundation pit up and down step ladder provided in the present application is used for personnel to go up and down the foundation pit during the construction operation. The foundation pit up and down step ladder can be deployed from top to bottom to realize full-automatic deployment and retraction at different elevations, and is suitable for various forms of foundation pits, facilitating personnel to quickly and safely reach the construction surface to carry out work.

[0035] The structure and principle of the foundation pit up and down step ladder provided in the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the foundation pit up and down step ladder provided in the present application. The foundation pit up and down step ladder 10 includes a mobile chassis 100 and a telescopic ladder main body 200. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the mobile chassis 100 in the foundation pit up and down step ladder 10 of Figure 1 . The mobile chassis 100 at least includes a track 110 extending along a first direction X. Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the telescopic ladder main body 200 in the foundation pit up and down step ladder 10 of Figure 1 . The telescopic ladder main body 200 includes a sliding seat 210 and a telescopic ladder main body part 220 connected to the sliding seat 210. The sliding seat 210 is slidingly connected to the track 110. One end of the telescopic ladder main body part 220 is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 210 and can rotate to a preset angle relative to the sliding seat 210. The telescopic ladder main body part 220 includes at least two levels of step ladder assemblies 2200. Adjacent step ladder assemblies 2200 are slidingly connected relative to the length direction of the step ladder assembly 2200 itself.

[0037] The moving chassis 100 serves as a mechanism for the base pit up-and-down ladder 10 to move and as a support mechanism for the telescopic ladder body 200. The track 110 on the moving chassis 100 serves as a support and sliding guide mechanism for the telescopic ladder body 200. The track 110 has a first end 111 and a second end 112 in a first direction X, which can be the length direction of the moving chassis 100. When the telescopic ladder body 200 is not unfolded, it can be accommodated on the track 110. When the telescopic ladder body 200 is unfolded, it slides from the first end 111 to the second end 112 of the track 110. The unfolded telescopic ladder body 200 can be lowered into the base pit by rotation.

[0038] To facilitate the movement of the moving chassis 100, walking wheels 120 are arranged at the bottom of the moving chassis 100. The moving chassis 100 can be manually pushed or pulled to move, or the walking wheels 120 can be used to move the moving chassis 100. The specific movement mode of the moving chassis 100 is not limited in the present application.

[0039] When the walking wheels 120 are used to move the moving chassis 100, the walking wheels 120 installed on the lower part of the shell 140 can be driving wheels, and the walking wheels 120 installed on the lower part of the track 110 can be driven wheels (fixed wheels). When the walking wheels 120 move to move the moving chassis 100, they should be powered by a 220V external power supply to ensure sufficient power output to support the normal movement of the moving chassis 100 and the operation of related equipment.

[0040] In some embodiments, to facilitate pushing, pulling or steering of the moving chassis 100, an operating lever 130 is arranged at one end of the moving chassis 100 in the first direction X. The moving chassis 100 includes a shell 140 connected to the first end 111 of the track 110. The shell 140 is located on the side of the first end 111 of the track 110 away from the telescopic ladder body 200. The operating lever 130 can be installed on the shell 140, specifically on the side of the shell 140 away from the telescopic ladder body 200, to reduce the interference of the operating lever 130 with the telescopic ladder body 200 and facilitate the operation of the operating lever 130.

[0041] In some embodiments, a hydraulic station 150 can be installed in the shell 140 as a driving power source for the unfolding and rotation of the telescopic ladder body 200. The specific structure and principle of how the hydraulic station 150 drives the unfolding and lowering of the telescopic ladder body 200 as a power source will be described later.

[0042] In some embodiments, a battery pack 160 can also be installed in the housing 140, which can serve as a power source to provide power for the extension and lowering of the ladder body 220.

[0043] In some embodiments, a control system 170 can also be installed on the surface or inside of the housing 140, which is used to control the movement of the mobile chassis 100 and the extension / retraction and lowering / retraction of the ladder body 220.

[0044] The sliding seat 210 of the ladder body 200 is used to slide along the sliding seat 210 to move between the first end 111 and the second end 112 of the sliding seat 210, and the sliding seat 210 serves as a component to support the ladder body 220, facilitating the movement of the ladder body 220 along the track 110. For example, the sliding seat 210 includes sliding blocks 211 for slidingly engaging with the track 110, and the sliding blocks 211 and the track 110 can both be provided in two, with the two sliding blocks 211 and the two tracks 110 being arranged in a second direction Y perpendicular to the first direction X to increase the smoothness of the sliding blocks 211 when sliding along the track 110. The sliding seat 210 further includes a connecting rod 212 for connecting the two sliding blocks 211, so that the connecting rod 212 and the two sliding blocks 211 are connected as a whole. The second direction Y can be the width direction of the mobile chassis 100.

[0045] The ladder body 220 of the ladder body 200 serves as the main component of the ladder body 200 to achieve its telescopic function. The ladder body 220 includes at least two levels of step assemblies 2200, and the step assemblies 2200 of adjacent levels are connected in sliding manner relative to the length direction of the step assemblies 2200 themselves. Therefore, the telescoping of the ladder body 220 can be achieved by the relative sliding between the step assemblies 2200 of each level, thereby achieving the retraction and extension of the ladder body 220.

[0046] That is, the ladder body 220 has two states: a retracted state and an extended state. In the retracted state, the step assemblies 2200 of each level are overlapped together, and in this state, the ladder body 220 has the smallest length. In the extended state, the step assemblies 2200 of each level are not overlapped together or only a small part of them is overlapped, and in this state, the ladder body 220 has the largest length.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 4 to 6 , Figure 4 is a side view schematic diagram of the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 provided by the present application in a state where the ladder body 220 is in an extended state but not lowered into the foundation pit, Figure 5 is a side view schematic diagram of the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 provided by the present application in a state where the ladder body 220 is in an extended state and lowered into the foundation pit, Figure 6 is Figure 5A perspective structural schematic view of the foundation pit up-and-down step ladder 10.

[0048] When the sliding seat 210 slides to the second end 112 of the track 110, the unfolded telescopic ladder body part 220 is entirely outside the track 110 in the first direction X, and through the rotation of the telescopic ladder body part 220, the telescopic ladder body part 220 can form an inclined structure to extend into the foundation pit. When the telescopic ladder body part 220 is rotated to Figure 5 the preset angle a shown in the figure, that is, after the telescopic ladder body part 220 is rotated in place, the telescopic ladder body part 220 can be used for personnel to go up and down the foundation pit.

[0049] The preset angle a refers to the included angle between the plane in which the telescopic ladder body part 220 itself is located and the horizontal plane. Exemplarily, the preset angle a can be 42 degrees, or other angles such as 38 degrees, 40 degrees, 45 degrees, 48 degrees, etc.

[0050] The meaning that the telescopic ladder body part 220 includes at least two step ladder assemblies 2200 is that the telescopic ladder body part 220 can include two step ladder assemblies 2200, or three, four or even more step ladder assemblies 2200. The length of each step ladder assembly 2200 and the number of step ladder assemblies 2200 can be designed according to the depth of the foundation pit. Figures 1 to 6 The case where the telescopic ladder body part 220 includes two step ladder assemblies 2200 is shown.

[0051] The foundation pit up-and-down step ladder 10 provided in the application includes a mobile chassis 100 and a telescopic ladder body 200. The mobile chassis 100 is used for the overall movement of the foundation pit up-and-down step ladder 10. When the foundation pit up-and-down step ladder 10 needs to be used, the mobile chassis 100 is walked to the outside of the foundation pit on the ground, and the telescopic ladder body part 220 is unfolded and rotated to the preset angle a, that is, the telescopic ladder body part 220 is lowered into the foundation pit. The application sets the telescopic ladder body part 220 which is telescopic. When the telescopic ladder body part 220 is in the storage state, its length is small, which is convenient for the storage of the telescopic ladder body part 220 on the mobile chassis 100. When the telescopic ladder body part 220 is in the unfolded state, its length is large, which is convenient for the rotation and lowering of the telescopic ladder body part 220 into the foundation pit. Moreover, the length of the telescopic ladder body part 220 can be adjusted according to the depth of the foundation pit, which is suitable for different foundation pit depths. In addition, through the cooperation of the sliding seat 210 and the track 110, the sliding of the telescopic ladder body 200 relative to the mobile chassis 100 is realized, which is convenient for the telescopic ladder body 200 to be located above the opening of the foundation pit after the mobile chassis 100 is moved in place, and thus the rotation of the telescopic ladder body 200 during the process of being lowered into the foundation pit will not be interfered by the side wall of the foundation pit.

[0052] It should be noted that the extension ladder body part 220 is unfolded and rotated and lowered into the foundation pit. Since the unfolding process and the rotating process of the extension ladder body part 220 do not interfere with each other, the order of unfolding and rotating of the extension ladder body part 220 can be that the extension ladder body part 220 is completely unfolded first, and then the unfolded extension ladder body part 220 is rotated to be lowered into the foundation pit. The extension ladder body part 220 can also be rotated and lowered into the foundation pit first, and then the extension ladder body part 220 is unfolded. The extension ladder body part 220 can also be unfolded and rotated and lowered simultaneously. Regardless of the unfolding and rotating and lowering method, the sliding seat 210 needs to slide to the second end 112 of the track 110 during the rotating process of the extension ladder body part 220, otherwise the extension ladder body part 220 can be hindered by the track 110 during the rotating process and cannot be smoothly rotated.

[0053] In some embodiments, referring again to Figure 3 , the extension ladder body 200 further comprises a first driving cylinder 230 for driving the extension ladder body part 220 to rotate relative to the sliding seat 210. One end of the first driving cylinder 230 is connected to the sliding seat 210, and the other end is connected to the extension ladder body part 220.

[0054] Exemplarily, the sliding seat 210 further comprises a mounting column 213 connected to the connecting rod 212. One end of the first driving cylinder 230 is connected to the sliding seat 210 through the mounting column 213. The mounting column 213 can extend in a third direction Z perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Y. The third direction Z can be the height direction of the moving chassis 100.

[0055] The rotation of the extension ladder body part 220 relative to the sliding seat 210 referred to in the present application refers to the rotation in the plane formed by the first direction X and the third direction Y.

[0056] The first driving cylinder 230 is a linear driving mechanism, which generally includes a cylinder and a piston rod. The length between the two ends of the first driving cylinder 230 changes by the extension and retraction of the piston rod relative to the cylinder. Since the two ends of the first driving cylinder 230 are connected to the sliding seat 210 and the extension ladder body part 220 respectively, and the extension ladder body part 220 can rotate relative to the sliding seat 210, when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 230 extends, the extension ladder body part 220 can be driven to rotate relative to the sliding seat 210, achieving the lowering of the extension ladder body part 220 into the foundation pit. When the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 230 retracts, the extension ladder body part 220 can be driven to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the sliding seat 210, achieving the retraction of the extension ladder body part 220 from the foundation pit.

[0057] In the embodiment, in order to realize the rotation of the ladder body 220 relative to the sliding base 210 when the piston rod of the first driving cylinder 230 extends or retracts, the connection between the two ends of the first driving cylinder 230 and the sliding base 210 and the ladder body 220 should be hinged or pivotally connected.

[0058] Exemplarily, the first driving cylinder 230 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, but generally the hydraulic cylinder can have greater load capacity, so the type of the first driving cylinder 230 can be selected as a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic station 150 supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pump to provide power for the hydraulic cylinder.

[0059] In the embodiment, the rotation of the ladder body 220 relative to the sliding base 210 is realized by the first driving cylinder 230, which has simple driving structure and can bear greater load.

[0060] In other embodiments, the first driving cylinder 230 can also be replaced by any driving member capable of driving the ladder body 220 to rotate relative to the sliding base 210.

[0061] In some embodiments, the at least two step ladder assemblies 2200 include a first step ladder assembly 221 and a second step ladder assembly 222, the first step ladder assembly 221 is connected to the sliding base 210 at one end, and the second step ladder assembly 222 is slidingly connected to the first step ladder assembly 221 and is arranged separately from the sliding base 210.

[0062] The embodiment describes the beneficial effects of the two-step ladder assembly 2200, and does not limit the specific number of steps of the step ladder assembly 2200.

[0063] Referring to Figure 3 and Figures 7 to 11 , Figure 7 is Figure 3 a side view of the ladder body of the extension ladder, Figure 8 is Figure 4 a side view of the ladder body in the pit up and down step ladder 10 of the extension ladder, Figure 9 is Figure 8 a perspective view of the ladder body of the extension ladder, Figure 10 is Figure 5 a side view of the ladder body in the pit up and down step ladder 10 of the extension ladder, Figure 11 is Figure 10Figure 2 is a perspective view of the telescopic ladder body 200. In some embodiments, the first ladder assembly 221 comprises two first support frames 2210, each of which comprises a parallelogram four-bar linkage formed by a first ladder first support 2211, a first ladder first link 2212, a first ladder second support 2213 and a first ladder second link 2214 connected in sequence, and a plurality of first ladder step plate assemblies 2215, each of which is hingedly connected to the first ladder first support 2211 and the first ladder second support 2213 of one of the first support frames 2210 on one side and to the first ladder first support 2211 and the first ladder second support 2213 of the other first support frame 2210 on the other side, so that the two first support frames 2210 and the plurality of first ladder step plate assemblies 2215 together form a plurality of parallelogram four-bar linkages.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first ladder first link 2212 is fixed to the sliding seat 210. The first ladder first link 2212 can be a separate component independent of the sliding seat 210, or can be a part of the sliding seat 210 itself.

[0065] Each of the first support frames 2210 comprises a parallelogram four-bar linkage formed by a first ladder first support 2211, a first ladder first link 2212, a first ladder second support 2213 and a first ladder second link 2214 connected in sequence. Since the first ladder first link 2212 is fixed relative to the sliding seat 210, i.e. one side of the parallelogram four-bar linkage is fixed, the first ladder first support 2211 and the first ladder second support 2213 can be rotated relative to the first ladder first link 2212 to change the shape of the parallelogram four-bar linkage, and the first ladder second link 2214 does not rotate relative to the fixed first ladder first link 2212, i.e. the first ladder second link 2214 only translates relative to the first ladder first link 2212.

[0066] For example, one of the first ladder first support 2211 and the first ladder second support 2213 is connected to one end of the first drive cylinder 230, so that the rotation of the first ladder first support 2211 and the first ladder second support 2213 relative to the sliding seat 210 can be driven by the first drive cylinder 230.

[0067] Meanwhile, one side of each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 is hinged between the first step ladder first support 2211 and the first step ladder second support 2213 of one side of the first support frame 2210, and the other side of each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 is hinged between the first step ladder first support 2211 and the first step ladder second support 2213 of the other side of the first support frame 2210, so that the two first support frames 2210 and the plurality of first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 together form a plurality of parallelogram four-bar mechanisms. When the first step ladder first support 2211 and the first step ladder second support 2213 rotate relative to the first step ladder first link 2212, each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 translates relative to the first step ladder first link 2212 without rotating, so that each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 can maintain the angle before the rotation of the first step ladder assembly 221 after the rotation of the first step ladder assembly 221, and each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 can be staggered in the third direction Z. Generally, the plane in which each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 is located can be arranged along the horizontal plane, so that after the rotation of the first step ladder assembly 221, each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 is parallel to the horizontal plane and staggered in the third direction Z, facilitating personnel to pass through each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 to implement the up and down of the pit.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 is Figure 3 the first step ladder pedal assembly 2215 in the telescopic ladder body 200, each of the first step ladder pedal assemblies 2215 includes a first pedal body 22151 and two first pedal connecting plates 22152 fixed to both ends of the first pedal body 22151 in the second direction Y, one end of the first pedal connecting plate 22152 is hinged to the first step ladder first support 2211, and the other end is hinged to the first step ladder second support 2213.

[0069] In some embodiments, the structure of the second ladder assembly 222 is similar to that of the first ladder assembly 221, specifically, the second ladder assembly 222 comprises two second support frames 2220 and a plurality of second ladder step assemblies 2225, each of the second support frames 2220 comprises a parallelogram four-bar linkage formed by the second ladder first support 2221, the second ladder first connecting rod 2222, the second ladder second support 2223 and the second ladder second connecting rod 2224 connected end to end, the second ladder first connecting rod 2222 is separately arranged from the sliding seat 210, one side of each of the second ladder step assemblies 2225 is hinged between the second ladder first support 2221 and the second ladder second support 2223 of one side of the second support frame 2220, and the other side of each of the second ladder step assemblies 2225 is hinged between the second ladder first support 2221 and the second ladder second support 2223 of the other side of the second support frame 2220, so that the two second support frames 2220 and the plurality of second ladder step assemblies 2225 together form a plurality of parallelogram four-bar linkages, the second ladder second support 2223 is slidingly connected to the same side of the first ladder first support 2211, and the second ladder first support 2221 is located on the side of the same side of the second ladder second support 2223 away from the first ladder first support 2211 in the third direction Z.

[0070] In some embodiments, the second ladder first connecting rod 2222 is separately arranged from the sliding seat 210, that is, the second support frame 2220 is a free-form parallelogram four-bar linkage, in order to realize the angle between the second ladder step assembly 2225 and the second ladder first support 2221 and the second ladder second support 2223, so that after the extension ladder main body 220 is rotated and lowered into the pit, the second ladder step assembly 2225 can still remain horizontal to facilitate personnel to go up and down, the second ladder assembly 222 further comprises a second drive cylinder 2226, one end of the second drive cylinder 2226 is hinged to the second ladder first support 2221 of the same side of the second support frame 2220, and the other end is hinged to the second ladder second support 2223.

[0071] Exemplarily, the second drive cylinder 2226 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder, but generally a hydraulic cylinder can have a greater load capacity, so the type of the second drive cylinder 2226 can be selected as a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic station 150 supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder through an oil pump to provide power for the hydraulic cylinder.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 13 , Figure 13 is Figure 3Figure 22 is a perspective view of a second ladder step assembly 2225 in the telescopic ladder body, and the second ladder step assembly 2225 is similar in structure to the first ladder step assembly 2215, i.e., each second ladder step assembly 2225 includes a second step body 22251 and two second step connecting plates 22252 fixed to two ends of the second step body 22251 in the second direction Y, one end of the second step connecting plate 22252 is hinged to the second ladder first support 2221, and the other end is hinged to the second ladder second support 2223.

[0073] Figure 23 is a perspective view of the telescopic ladder body 220, and the telescopic ladder body 220 includes a telescopic drive 223 for driving the relative sliding between the ladder step assemblies 2200 of adjacent levels. Figure 14 , Figure 14 Figure 24 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 23, and in some embodiments, the telescopic ladder body 220 further includes a telescopic drive 223 for driving the relative sliding between the ladder step assemblies 2200 of adjacent levels. Figure 10

[0074] The telescopic drive 223 includes a drive gear 2231, a drive rack 2232, and a motor (not shown in the figure), the drive rack 2232 extends along the length direction of the telescopic ladder body 220 and is connected with the drive gear 2231 in meshing connection, and the motor is connected with the drive gear 2231 to drive the rotation of the drive gear 2231; wherein one of the drive gear 2231 and the drive rack 2232 is arranged on the first ladder step assembly 221, and the other is arranged on the second ladder step assembly 222, and the motor and the drive gear 2231 are arranged on one of the first ladder step assembly 221 and the second ladder step assembly 222.

[0075] Figure 14 Figure 25 shows the case where the drive gear 2231 is installed on the first ladder first support 2211, and the drive rack 2232 is fixed on the second ladder second support 2223.

[0076] In this embodiment, the motor drives the rotation of the drive gear 2231 installed on the first ladder first support 2211, thereby driving the drive rack 2232 to move along the length direction of the telescopic ladder body 220 through the rotation of the drive gear 2231, and further driving the second ladder second support 2223 fixed with the drive rack 2232 to move along the length direction of the telescopic ladder body 220 relative to the first ladder first support 2211, thereby realizing the relative sliding between the first ladder step assembly 221 and the second ladder step assembly 222.

[0077] Specifically, the motor can drive the drive gear 2231 to rotate a preset number of turns to control the length of the second ladder step assembly 222 extended relative to the first ladder step assembly 221. ​

[0078] The motor can be powered by the battery pack 160 on the mobile chassis 100.

[0079] In some embodiments, the first stair assembly 221 is further provided with a first stair guardrail 2216, the first stair guardrail 2216 extending along the length direction X of the first stair assembly 221 and located at the side of the first stair assembly 221 in the second direction Y. The second stair assembly 222 is further provided with a second stair guardrail 2227, the second stair guardrail 2227 extending along the length direction X of the second stair assembly 222 and located at the side of the second stair assembly 222 in the second direction Y. The first stair guardrail 2216 and the second stair guardrail 2227 are staggered in the second direction Y.

[0080] In the present embodiment, the first stair guardrail 2216 and the second stair guardrail 2227 can play a protective role and improve the safety of personnel getting in and out of the foundation pit. Moreover, the first stair guardrail 2216 and the second stair guardrail 2227 are staggered in the second direction Y, which can reduce the mutual obstruction and interference of the first stair guardrail 2216 and the second stair guardrail 2227 during the extension and retraction of the extension ladder main body 220.

[0081] In some embodiments, the mobile chassis 100 further comprises a sliding seat driving mechanism (not shown in the figure), which is used to drive the sliding seat 210 to slide along the track 110.

[0082] Exemplarily, the sliding seat driving mechanism can be a lead screw rail driving mechanism installed on the sliding seat 210. The lead screw rail driving mechanism drives the lead screw to rotate through a servo motor, so as to drive the lead screw nut to move linearly, and then drive the sliding seat 210 fixed with the lead screw nut to slide along the track 110. The lead screw rail driving mechanism is well known in the related art, and will not be described in detail here. In other embodiments, the sliding seat 210 driving mechanism can also be a linear driving mechanism other than the lead screw type, which is not limited in the present application as long as it can drive the sliding seat 210 to slide along the track 110.

[0083] In some embodiments, the foundation pit up-and-down stair 10 further comprises a control system 170, which can be powered by the battery pack 160. The control system 170 is at least used to control the movement of the mobile chassis 100. The control system 170 is further connected to at least one of the first driving cylinder 230, the second driving cylinder 2226, the motor and the sliding seat driving mechanism of the above-mentioned embodiments to control the operation of at least one of the first driving cylinder 230, the second driving cylinder 2226 and the motor.

[0084] In some embodiments, the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 further comprises a falling prevention detection mechanism 180 arranged at or near the second end 112 of the track 110 and connected to the control system 170, the falling prevention detection mechanism 180 is configured to emit a ranging signal in the third direction Z and receive a reflected signal of the ranging signal, and the control system 170 is configured to control the movement chassis 100 to move or stop according to the reflected signal.

[0085] In the present embodiment, the falling prevention detection mechanism 180 can detect the distance between the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 and the walking surface, so as to determine whether the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 is close to the foundation, thereby reducing the risk of the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 falling into the foundation.

[0086] For example, the falling prevention detection mechanism 180 can be a ranging sensor, which generally comprises a transmitter, a receiver, and a processor, the transmitter is configured to emit a ranging signal (e.g. laser), the receiver is configured to receive a reflected signal of the ranging signal emitted by the transmitter (e.g. laser reflected by the ground), and the processor is configured to process the reflected signal to obtain the distance between the falling prevention detection mechanism 180 and the walking surface, and further determine whether the distance between the falling prevention detection mechanism 180 and the walking surface exceeds a preset distance threshold. Generally, the distance between the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 and the walking surface is within the range of 180mm to 250mm, and thus the distance threshold can be set to 250mm. When it is detected that the distance between the falling prevention detection mechanism 180 and the walking surface exceeds 250mm, it indicates that the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 has moved to the edge of the foundation, and at this time the control system 170 controls the movement chassis 100 to stop moving (e.g. controls the walking wheels 120 to stop working) according to the reflected signal, thereby preventing the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 from falling into the foundation.

[0087] In some embodiments, the falling prevention detection mechanism 180 can be arranged in two along the second direction Y to improve detection accuracy.

[0088] In some embodiments, the movement chassis 100 further comprises a counterweight mechanism connected to the first end 111 of the track 110, wherein the counterweight mechanism comprises at least one or a combination of the hydraulic station 150, the battery pack 160, and the control system 170.

[0089] After the extension ladder main body 220 is unfolded and rotated and placed into the foundation, the center of gravity of the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 will be offset towards the foundation, so that the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 is prone to overturning. The counterweight mechanism can reduce the risk of the foundation up-and-down ladder 10 overturning as a whole, thereby improving the reliability of the foundation up-and-down ladder 10.

[0090] The counterweight mechanism can adopt the functional components such as the hydraulic station 150, the battery pack 160, the control system 170 and the like which are arranged on the moving chassis 100 by itself, and when the counterweight of these components is insufficient, additional counterweight components can be added to further reduce the risk of overturning of the whole pit ladder 10 on the foundation pit.

[0091] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, they should be considered as the scope of the present disclosure.

[0092] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ladder for ascending and descending a foundation pit, characterized in that, include: A mobile chassis, the mobile chassis including at least a track extending along a first direction; The telescopic ladder body includes a sliding seat and a telescopic ladder body section connected to the sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the track. One end of the telescopic ladder body section is rotatably connected to the sliding seat and can rotate relative to the sliding seat to a preset angle. The telescopic ladder body section includes at least two levels of step ladder components. The step ladder components of adjacent levels are slidably connected along the length direction of the step ladder components themselves.

2. The foundation pit ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the telescopic ladder also includes: A first drive cylinder is used to drive the main body of the telescopic ladder to rotate relative to the sliding seat. One end of the first drive cylinder is connected to the sliding seat, and the other end is connected to the main body of the telescopic ladder.

3. The upper and lower steps of the foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The at least two-stage stair assembly includes a first-stage stair assembly and a second-stage stair assembly. One end of the first-stage stair assembly is connected to the sliding seat, and the second-stage stair assembly is slidably connected to the first-stage stair assembly and is separately disposed from the sliding seat.

4. The foundation pit ladder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main body of the telescopic ladder also includes: A telescopic drive component is used to drive relative sliding between adjacent steps of the staircase assembly; The telescopic drive component includes: Drive gears; A drive rack extends along the length of the main body of the telescopic ladder and meshes with the drive gear. An electric motor is connected to the drive gear to drive the drive gear to rotate; In this configuration, one of the drive gear and the drive rack is located in the first step ladder assembly, and the other is located in the second step ladder assembly. The motor and the drive gear are both located in either the first step ladder assembly or the second step ladder assembly.

5. The upper and lower steps of the foundation pit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first step ladder assembly includes two first support frames and multiple first step ladder tread assemblies. Each first support frame includes a parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage consisting of a first step ladder first support member, a first step ladder first connecting rod, a first step ladder second support member, and a first step ladder second connecting rod that are hinged end to end. The first step ladder first connecting rod is fixed to the sliding seat. One side of each first step ladder tread assembly is hinged to the first step ladder first support member and the first step ladder second support member of one side of the first support frame, and the other side of each first step ladder tread assembly is hinged to the first step ladder first support member and the first step ladder second support member of the other side of the first support frame, so that the two first support frames and the multiple first step ladder tread assemblies together form multiple sets of parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage mechanisms. The second stair assembly includes two second support frames and multiple second stair tread assemblies. Each second support frame includes a parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkage consisting of a second stair first support member, a second stair first connecting rod, a second stair second support member, and a second stair second connecting rod that are hinged end to end. The second stair first connecting rod is separated from the sliding seat. One side of each second stair tread assembly is hinged to the second stair first support member and the second stair second support member of one side of the second support frame. The other side of each second stair tread assembly is hinged to the second stair first support member and the second stair second support member of the other side of the second support frame. This allows the two second support frames and multiple second stair tread assemblies to form multiple sets of parallelogram-shaped four-bar linkages. The second stair second support member is slidably connected to the first stair first support member on the same side. The second stair first support member is located on the side of the second stair second support member that is away from the first stair first support member. The second step ladder assembly also includes a second drive cylinder, one end of which is hinged to the first support member of the second step ladder in the second support frame on the same side, and the other end is hinged to the second support member of the second step ladder.

6. The foundation pit ladder according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first step ladder assembly is also provided with a first step ladder guardrail, which extends along the length direction of the first step ladder assembly and is located on the side of the first step ladder assembly in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The second stair assembly further includes a second stair railing, which extends along the length of the second stair assembly and is located on the side of the second stair assembly in the second direction. The first step ladder railing and the second step ladder railing are staggered in the second direction.

7. The foundation pit ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile chassis also includes: A sliding seat drive mechanism is used to drive the sliding seat to slide along the track.

8. The upper and lower steps of the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pit ladder also includes a control system, which is at least used to control the movement of the mobile chassis. And / or, the telescopic ladder body further includes a first drive cylinder, and the control system is further configured to control the first drive cylinder to drive the telescopic ladder body to rotate relative to the sliding seat; And / or, the telescopic ladder body further includes a telescopic drive component, and the control system is further configured to control the telescopic drive component to drive relative sliding between adjacent steps of the ladder assembly.

9. The foundation pit ladder according to claim 8, characterized in that, The track has a first end and a second end in the first direction, and the first end is located on the side of the sliding seat away from the main body of the telescopic ladder. The ladders leading to and from the foundation pit also include: A fall protection detection mechanism is provided at or near the second end and connected to the control system. The fall protection detection mechanism is used to send a distance measurement signal toward the walking surface of the mobile chassis and receive the reflected signal of the distance measurement signal. The control system controls the mobile chassis to move or stop according to the reflected signal.

10. The foundation pit ladder according to claim 9, characterized in that, The track has a first end and a second end in the first direction, and the first end is located on the side of the sliding seat away from the main body of the telescopic ladder. The mobile chassis also includes: A counterweight mechanism, wherein the counterweight mechanism is connected to the first end; The counterweight mechanism includes at least one or more of the following: a hydraulic station, a battery pack, and a control system.

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