Energy recovery device for oil pumping unit and use method of energy recovery device

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit and a using method of the energy recovery device, and belongs to the technical field of oil pumping units. The device comprises a bottom frame, an oil pumping mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, an electric power mechanism and a PLC, the oil pumping mechanism and the transmission mechanism are arranged on the bottom frame, the oil pumping mechanism is connected with the transmission mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the bottom frame, and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the transmission mechanism and the electric power mechanism. The oil pumping mechanism, the transmission mechanism, the adjusting mechanism and the electric power mechanism are all connected with a PLC. Potential energy generated when the horse head moves downwards is collected and converted into electric energy to be fed back to the motor for operation, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit and its usage method, belonging to the technical field of oil pumping units. Background Technology

[0002] The existing pumping unit adopts a walking beam structure. The rotational motion is converted into the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the donkey head by a motor-driven crank-connecting rod mechanism, thereby driving the downhole sucker rod and the pump to complete the oil production work.

[0003] During oil extraction, the electric motor frequently needs to overcome the inertial force, friction, and gravity of the liquid column in the pumping system. When the pumping unit's head descends, the gravity of the sucker rod string and the liquid column causes the pumping unit system to release a large amount of potential energy. This causes the sucker rod to pull the head backward, making the actual speed of the electric motor exceed the synchronous speed of the rotating magnetic field. During this process, the mechanical energy generated by the downward movement of the sucker rod string is transferred to the electric motor, forcing the motor to reverse, which is equivalent to "reverse power generation." This phenomenon leads to unstable motor speed, increases equipment vibration and wear, and shortens the service life of the equipment. Therefore, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit, which collects and converts the potential energy generated when the pumping head descends, transforming it into electrical energy to power the motor and reduce energy consumption.

[0005] The present invention also provides a method of using the above-mentioned energy recovery device for oil pumping units.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit includes a base frame, an oil pumping mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, a power mechanism, and a PLC controller. The oil pumping mechanism and the transmission mechanism are mounted on the base frame, and the oil pumping mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism. An adjustment mechanism is mounted on one side of the base frame, and the adjustment mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism and the power mechanism. The oil pumping mechanism, the transmission mechanism, the adjustment mechanism, and the power mechanism are all connected to the PLC controller. The adjustment mechanism includes a connecting frame, a generator, a servo motor, a first synchronous pulley, and a dynamic adjustment device. The generator and the servo motor are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting frame. The first synchronous pulley is installed in the middle of the connecting frame through a second movable seat. The first synchronous pulley is connected to a transmission mechanism. The generator input shaft and the servo motor output shaft are provided with first movable seats for support. The generator input shaft and the servo motor output shaft are respectively connected to the first synchronous pulley through the dynamic adjustment device. The generator is connected to a power mechanism.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic adjustment device includes a connector, a splined shaft, a splined sleeve, a turntable, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a slide rod, and a coupling joint. The connector is fixedly connected to a servo motor output shaft or a generator input shaft. A coupling joint is provided on one side of the connector, and a splined sleeve is fixedly connected to the coupling joint. A splined shaft is slidably disposed within the splined sleeve, and a first synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the splined shaft. A splined sleeve is fitted inside the turntable via bearings. One end of the turntable is connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod via a connecting block, and the other end of the turntable is slidably connected to the slide rod. Both the slide rod and the hydraulic telescopic rod are fixed to a connecting frame. By rotating the turntable around the outside of the splined sleeve, when the hydraulic telescopic rod drives the turntable to move, it can also drive the splined sleeve to move without affecting its rotation.

[0008] The connector and the mating head are used for abutment transmission. The spline shaft forms an axially adjustable transmission connection with a pair of spline sleeves through a bidirectional spline fit. The two mating heads are respectively fitted onto the ends of the spline sleeves to form a floating compensation interface. The spline sleeve-matting head modular assembly method adopts end face tooth meshing abutment to achieve high torque transmission and realize quick replacement and maintenance of the transmission unit.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a fixed frame, a reducer, a crank, and a second synchronous pulley. The bottom of the fixed frame is fixed to the base frame, and the reducer is arranged on the upper side of the fixed frame. The input shaft of the reducer is provided with a second synchronous pulley, and the second synchronous pulley is connected to a first synchronous pulley via a synchronous belt. Cranks are symmetrically arranged on the output shaft of the reducer, and the cranks are connected to an oil pumping mechanism.

[0010] By installing a speed reducer on the upper end of the fixed frame and fitting cranks on both ends of its output shaft, the speed reducer can drive the cranks to rotate when it rotates. A second synchronous pulley is fitted on one end of the input shaft of the speed reducer, and it is connected to the first synchronous pulley by a synchronous belt drive. When the first synchronous pulley rotates, the speed reducer can run.

[0011] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limit switch is provided on the outer side of the output shaft of the reducer, and a pair of pressure blocks for pressing the limit switch are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the crank.

[0012] By installing limit switches and corresponding pressure blocks, the limit switches can be activated when the oil pumping mechanism moves upward and downward, respectively. This allows the controller to control the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod. When the oil pumping mechanism moves upward, the servo motor drives it. When the oil pumping mechanism moves downward, the transmission is disconnected from the servo motor and the transmission is connected to the generator to generate electricity.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pumping mechanism includes a mounting frame, a walking beam, a crossbar, a connecting rod, and a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the mounting frame is fixed to the base frame, and the top of the mounting frame is rotatably connected to the walking beam. One end of the walking beam is equipped with a donkey head, and the other end is rotatably connected to the crossbar. Both ends of the crossbar are rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and the bottom end of each connecting rod is inserted with a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the bottom side of the crank.

[0014] When the crank rotates, it pulls the walking beam up and down, thereby using the donkey head to drive the sucker rod in the wellbore to move up and down reciprocally.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power system includes a distribution box, a box door, a storage battery, a charging controller, and a rectifier. The distribution box is equipped with a PLC controller, a storage battery, a charging controller, and a rectifier. The storage battery is connected to a generator and a servo motor. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the limit switch, the hydraulic telescopic rod, the servo motor, the generator, the charging controller, the rectifier, and the storage battery via wires.

[0016] By installing a storage battery, the electrical energy generated by the generator when the donkey head moves downwards is stored, and the servo motor is powered when the donkey head moves upwards, reducing energy consumption. By installing a charging controller, the battery can be prevented from being overcharged or over-discharged. By installing a rectifier, AC power can be converted to DC power, improving the selectivity of battery power supply. By installing a PLC controller, the electrical signals sent by the limit switches can be identified and processed, facilitating the control of the operation of various components of the equipment.

[0017] The operating method of the energy recovery device for the above-mentioned oil pumping unit is as follows: The donkey head is connected to the sucker rod in the wellbore. When the donkey head moves upward, the hydraulic telescopic rod on one side of the servo motor extends, driving the turntable and spline sleeve to move. This connects the connector on the output shaft of the servo motor to the mating connector. The servo motor is connected to the first synchronous pulley through a dynamic adjustment device. The servo motor drives the first synchronous pulley to transmit power, which in turn drives the donkey head upward through a reducer. When the donkey head moves downward, the transmission between the first synchronous pulley and the servo motor is disconnected, and the transmission is connected to the input end of the generator, causing the input end of the generator to rotate and generate electricity. Through the alternating transmission between the first synchronous pulley, the servo motor, and the generator, the energy generated when the donkey head moves downward is recovered and utilized.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a structural design that allows the servo motor and generator to operate alternately. When the first synchronous pulley is driven by the servo motor, the servo motor drives the donkey head upwards via a reducer. When the donkey head moves downwards, it releases a large amount of potential energy. At this point, the transmission between the first synchronous pulley and the servo motor is disconnected, and the transmission with the input end of the generator is initiated, causing the input end of the generator to rotate and generate electricity. By alternating the transmission between the first synchronous pulley, the servo motor, and the generator, the energy generated when the donkey head moves downwards can be recovered and utilized. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure A in the image; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the distribution box of this utility model.

[0020] Among them: 100, base frame; 101, oil extraction mechanism; 102, transmission mechanism; 103, adjustment mechanism; 104, power mechanism; 10101, Mounting bracket; 10102, Walking beam; 10103, Crossbar; 10104, Connecting rod; 10105, Rotating shaft; 10201, Fixing frame; 10202, Reducer; 10203, Crank; 10204, Second synchronous pulley; 10205, Limit switch; 10206, Pressure block; 10301, Connecting frame; 10302, Generator; 10303, First movable seat; 10304, Connector; 10305, Splined shaft; 10306, Second movable seat; 10307, ​​First synchronous pulley; 10308, Splined sleeve; 10309, Turntable; 10310, Connecting joint; 10311, Hydraulic telescopic rod; 10312, Connecting block; 10313, Servo motor; 10314, Slide rod; 10401, Distribution box; 10402, Box door; 10403, Storage battery; 10404, Charging controller; 10405, Rectifier; 10406, PLC controller. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto.

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides an energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit, including a base frame 100, an oil pumping mechanism 101, a transmission mechanism 102, an adjustment mechanism 103, a power mechanism 104, and a PLC controller 10406. The base frame 100 is provided with the oil pumping mechanism 101 and the transmission mechanism 102, and the oil pumping mechanism 101 is connected to the transmission mechanism 102. An adjustment mechanism 103 is provided on one side of the base frame 100, and the adjustment mechanism 103 is connected to the transmission mechanism 102 and the power mechanism 104. The oil pumping mechanism 101, the transmission mechanism 102, the adjustment mechanism 103, and the power mechanism 104 are all connected to the PLC controller 10403. The adjustment mechanism 103 includes a connecting frame 10301, a generator 10302, a servo motor 10313, a first synchronous pulley 10307, ​​and a dynamic adjustment device. The generator 10302 and the servo motor 10313 are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting frame 10301. The first synchronous pulley 10307 is installed in the middle of the connecting frame 10301 through a second movable seat 10306. The first synchronous pulley 10307 is connected to the transmission mechanism 102. The first movable seat 10303 for support is installed on the input shaft of the generator 10302 and the output shaft of the servo motor 10313. The input shaft of the generator 10302 and the output shaft of the servo motor 10313 are respectively connected to the first synchronous pulley 10307 through the dynamic adjustment device. The generator 10302 is connected to the power mechanism 104.

[0023] The dynamic adjustment device includes a connector 10304, a splined shaft 10305, a splined sleeve 10308, a turntable 10309, a hydraulic telescopic rod 10311, a slide rod 10314, and a coupling 10310. The connector 10304 is fixedly connected to a servo motor output shaft or a generator input shaft. A coupling 10310 is located on one side of the connector 10304, and the coupling 10310 is fixedly connected to the splined sleeve 10308. The splined sleeve 10309... A splined shaft 10305 is slidably mounted inside the 8-type turntable. The splined shaft 10305 is fixedly connected to a first synchronous pulley 10307. A splined sleeve 10308 is fitted inside the turntable 10309 via bearings. One end of the turntable 10309 is connected to a hydraulic telescopic rod 10311 via a connecting block 10312, and the other end of the turntable 10309 is slidably connected to a slide rod 10314. Both the slide rod 10314 and the hydraulic telescopic rod 10311 are fixed to the connecting frame 10301. By rotating the turntable around the outside of the splined sleeve, the hydraulic telescopic rod can move the turntable, thus moving the splined sleeve without affecting its rotation. The connector and the mating head are used for abutment transmission. The spline shaft forms an axially adjustable transmission connection with a pair of spline sleeves through a bidirectional spline fit. The two mating heads are respectively fitted onto the ends of the spline sleeves to form a floating compensation interface. The spline sleeve-matting head modular assembly method adopts end face tooth meshing abutment to achieve high torque transmission and realize quick replacement and maintenance of the transmission unit.

[0024] The transmission mechanism 102 includes a fixed frame 10201, a reducer 10202, a crank 10203, and a second synchronous pulley 10204. The bottom of the fixed frame 10201 is fixed to the base frame 100. The reducer 10202 is arranged on the upper side of the fixed frame 10201. The second synchronous pulley 10204 is arranged on the input shaft of the reducer 10202. The second synchronous pulley 10204 is connected to the first synchronous pulley 10307 through a synchronous belt. The crank 10203 is symmetrically arranged on the output shaft of the reducer 10202. The crank 10203 is connected to the oil pumping mechanism 101.

[0025] By installing a speed reducer on the upper end of the fixed frame and fitting cranks on both ends of its output shaft, the speed reducer can drive the cranks to rotate when it rotates. A second synchronous pulley is fitted on one end of the input shaft of the speed reducer, and it is connected to the first synchronous pulley by a synchronous belt drive. When the first synchronous pulley rotates, the speed reducer can run.

[0026] A limit switch 10205 is provided on the outside of the output shaft of the reducer 10202, and a pair of pressure blocks 10206 for pressing the limit switch are symmetrically installed on the inside of the crank.

[0027] By installing limit switches and corresponding pressure blocks, the limit switches can be activated when the oil pumping mechanism moves upward and downward, respectively. This allows the controller to control the movement of the hydraulic telescopic rod. When the oil pumping mechanism moves upward, the servo motor drives it. When the oil pumping mechanism moves downward, the transmission is disconnected from the servo motor and the transmission is connected to the generator to generate electricity.

[0028] The oil pumping mechanism 101 includes a mounting frame 10101, a walking beam 10102, a crossbar 10103, a connecting rod 10104, and a rotating shaft 10105. The bottom end of the mounting frame 10101 is fixed to the base frame 100. The walking beam 10102 is rotatably connected to the top of the mounting frame 10101. A donkey head is installed at one end of the walking beam 10102, and the crossbar 10103 is rotatably connected to the other end. Both ends of the crossbar 10103 are rotatably connected to the connecting rod 10104. The bottom end of each connecting rod is inserted with a rotating shaft 10105. The rotating shaft 10105 is rotatably connected to the bottom side of the crank 10203.

[0029] When the crank rotates, it pulls the walking beam up and down, thereby using the donkey head to drive the sucker rod in the wellbore to move up and down reciprocally.

[0030] The power system 104 includes a distribution box 10401, a door 10402, a battery 10403, a charging controller 10404, and a rectifier 10405. The distribution box 10401 is equipped with a PLC controller 10406, a battery 10403, a charging controller 10404, and a rectifier 10405. The battery is connected to a generator and a servo motor. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the limit switch, hydraulic telescopic rod, servo motor, generator, charging controller, rectifier, and battery via wires. The distribution box 10401 is equipped with a door 10402 on the outside.

[0031] By installing a storage battery, the electrical energy generated by the generator when the donkey head moves downwards is stored, and the servo motor is powered when the donkey head moves upwards, reducing energy consumption. By installing a charging controller, the battery can be prevented from being overcharged or over-discharged. By installing a rectifier, AC power can be converted to DC power, improving the selectivity of battery power supply. By installing a PLC controller, the electrical signals sent by the limit switches can be identified and processed, facilitating the control of the operation of various components of the equipment.

[0032] In use, the donkey head is connected to the sucker rod in the wellbore. When the donkey head moves upward, the hydraulic telescopic rod on one side of the servo motor extends, driving the turntable and spline sleeve to move. This causes the connector on the output shaft of the servo motor to connect with the mating connector. The servo motor is connected to the first synchronous pulley through a dynamic adjustment device. The servo motor 10313 drives the first synchronous pulley 10307 to transmit power, which in turn drives the donkey head upward through the reducer 10202. When the donkey head moves downward, the transmission between the first synchronous pulley 10307 and the servo motor 10313 is disconnected, and the transmission is connected to the input end of the generator 10302, causing the input end of the generator 10302 to rotate and generate electricity. By alternately transmitting power between the first synchronous pulley 10307, ​​the servo motor 10313, and the generator 10302, the energy generated when the donkey head moves downward can be recovered and utilized.

[0033] The above embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit, characterized in that, It includes a base frame, an oil extraction mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an adjustment mechanism, a power mechanism, and a PLC controller. The base frame is equipped with an oil extraction mechanism and a transmission mechanism, which are connected to the transmission mechanism. An adjustment mechanism is located on one side of the base frame, which is connected to the transmission mechanism and the power mechanism. The oil extraction mechanism, the transmission mechanism, the adjustment mechanism, and the power mechanism are all connected to a PLC controller. The adjustment mechanism includes a connecting frame, a generator, a servo motor, a first synchronous pulley, and a dynamic adjustment device. The generator and the servo motor are respectively installed at both ends of the connecting frame, and the first synchronous pulley is installed in the middle of the connecting frame. The first synchronous pulley is connected to a transmission mechanism. The input shaft of the generator and the output shaft of the servo motor are respectively connected to the first synchronous pulley through the dynamic adjustment device. The generator is connected to a power mechanism.

2. The energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment device includes a connector, a splined shaft, a splined sleeve, a turntable, a hydraulic telescopic rod, a slide rod, and a coupling. The connector is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a servo motor or the input shaft of a generator. A coupling is provided on one side of the connector, and a splined sleeve is fixedly connected to the coupling. A splined shaft is slidably arranged inside the splined sleeve, and a first synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the splined shaft. A splined sleeve is fitted inside the turntable through a bearing. A hydraulic telescopic rod is connected to one end of the turntable through a connecting block, and the other end of the turntable is slidably connected to the slide rod. Both the slide rod and the hydraulic telescopic rod are fixed to the connecting frame.

3. The energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a fixed frame, a reducer, a crank, and a second synchronous pulley. The bottom of the fixed frame is fixed to the base frame, and the reducer is installed on the upper side of the fixed frame. The input shaft of the reducer is equipped with a second synchronous pulley, and the second synchronous pulley is connected to a first synchronous pulley via a synchronous belt. Cranks are symmetrically arranged on the output shaft of the reducer, and the cranks are connected to an oil pumping mechanism.

4. The energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A limit switch is installed on the outside of the output shaft of the reducer, and a pair of pressure blocks for pressing the limit switch are symmetrically installed on the inside of the crank.

5. The energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The pumping mechanism includes a mounting frame, a walking beam, a crossbar, a connecting rod, and a rotating shaft. The bottom of the mounting frame is fixed to the base frame, and the top of the mounting frame is rotatably connected to the walking beam. One end of the walking beam is equipped with a donkey head, and the other end is rotatably connected to the crossbar. Both ends of the crossbar are rotatably connected to the connecting rod, and the bottom of each connecting rod is inserted with a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the bottom side of the crank.

6. The energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power system includes a distribution box, a door, a battery, a charging controller, and a rectifier. The distribution box contains a PLC controller, a battery, a charging controller, and a rectifier. The battery is connected to a generator and a servo motor. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the limit switches, hydraulic telescopic rods, servo motors, generator, charging controller, rectifier, and battery via wires.

7. The method of using the energy recovery device for an oil pumping unit as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: The donkey head is connected to the sucker rod in the wellbore. When the donkey head moves upward, the hydraulic telescopic rod on one side of the servo motor extends, driving the turntable and spline sleeve to move. This connects the connector on the output shaft of the servo motor to the mating connector. The servo motor is connected to the first synchronous pulley through a dynamic adjustment device. The servo motor drives the first synchronous pulley to transmit power, which in turn drives the donkey head upward through a reducer. When the donkey head moves downward, the transmission between the first synchronous pulley and the servo motor is disconnected, and the transmission is connected to the input end of the generator, causing the input end of the generator to rotate and generate electricity. Through the alternating transmission between the first synchronous pulley, the servo motor, and the generator, the energy generated when the donkey head moves downward is recovered and utilized.

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