Underground storage type pressure and temperature monitoring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of oil and gas well information acquisition, and discloses an underground storage type pressure and temperature monitoring device which comprises a temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve pipe nipple, a temperature and pressure sensor, an energy supply module and a signal processing module. The temperature and pressure monitoring casing pipe nipple is used for being connected with a casing pipe and is provided with a mounting cavity. The temperature and pressure sensor is arranged in the installation cavity and collects pressure and temperature signals in the well. The energy supply module and the signal processing module are both arranged in the temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve pipe nipple and are both electrically connected with the temperature and pressure sensor, and the energy supply module supplies power to the temperature and pressure sensor; the signal processing module comprises a transmitter, and monitoring data can be transmitted to the outside through the transmitter. The device is directly connected with the sleeve through the temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve short section, and is synchronously tripped along with the sleeve, so that the later independent well descending operation is not needed, the problems that traditional monitoring equipment is tedious in deployment and easy to interfere with the well completion process are solved, and the whole-period monitoring from sleeve descending, well cementation, perforation and pressure testing to 5-10 years of production can be covered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas well information acquisition, specifically to a downhole storage pressure and temperature monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oil and gas field exploration and development, especially in the secondary and tertiary oil recovery stages and throughout the entire well completion and production process, accurate and continuous monitoring of key parameters such as downhole temperature and pressure is a core prerequisite for ensuring operational quality, optimizing production plans, and improving recovery rates. Currently, the industry mainly relies on traditional monitoring technologies to obtain downhole data, but these technologies have several technical shortcomings and are difficult to meet the needs of complex well conditions and long-term dynamic monitoring. Specific problems are as follows: In existing technologies, casing used for production is run to the bottom of the well, and downhole parameter monitoring often uses cable testing or real-time downhole instruments. Cable testing requires the testing tools to be run into the wellbore later via steel wire or cable, which is not only frequent and costly, but also poses well control risks and the risk of tools getting stuck. More importantly, this method cannot achieve continuous monitoring throughout the entire well completion operation (such as cementing, perforation, and fracturing) and the initial stage of well production. It can only obtain "point-like and intermittent" data, which is prone to missing transient key information such as sudden rise in fracturing pressure and heat release during cement slurry hydration, resulting in fragmented monitoring data that cannot reflect the real dynamic process downhole.

[0003] While real-time downhole instruments can achieve continuous monitoring, they rely on downhole cables or wireless transmission modules. In harsh environments such as deep wells and ultra-deep wells (where downhole temperatures exceed 150°C or even reach 300°C), the transmission modules are prone to failure due to high temperature and pressure. Furthermore, the initial investment and maintenance costs of the equipment are extremely high. At the same time, due to limitations in transmission stability, it is difficult to apply them on a large scale in wells with complex structures.

[0004] In summary, existing downhole temperature and pressure monitoring technologies have significant shortcomings in terms of monitoring continuity, adaptability to harsh environments, data accuracy, and operational economy. There is an urgent need for a technical solution that can be deployed as part of the casing, provide long-term continuous monitoring, operate stably under high temperature and pressure, and retrieve data without the need to pull out the tubing string, in order to solve the problem of downhole parameter monitoring throughout the entire process of well completion, production, and secondary and tertiary oil recovery in oil and gas fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a downhole storage-type pressure and temperature monitoring device to solve the problem that existing downhole temperature and pressure monitoring technologies are insufficient in terms of monitoring continuity and cannot meet the needs of complex well conditions and long-term dynamic monitoring.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a downhole storage-type pressure and temperature monitoring device, comprising a temperature and pressure monitoring casing sub, a temperature and pressure sensor, an energy supply module, and a signal processing module. The temperature and pressure monitoring casing sub is used to connect to the casing and has an installation cavity. The temperature and pressure sensor is located in the installation cavity and is used to collect pressure and temperature signals inside the well. The energy supply module and the signal processing module are both located inside the temperature and pressure monitoring casing sub and are electrically connected to the temperature and pressure sensor. The energy supply module supplies power to the temperature and pressure sensor. The signal processing module includes a transmitter, and the signal processing module transmits the monitoring data of the temperature and pressure sensor to the outside through the transmitter.

[0007] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: by directly connecting the temperature and pressure monitoring casing short section to the casing, the device can be run in synchronously with the casing, eliminating the need for separate well-running operations later. This solves the problems of cumbersome deployment and easy interference with the well completion process of traditional monitoring equipment, and covers the entire life cycle monitoring from casing running in to the early stage of production.

[0008] In addition, the signal processing module integrates amplification, filtering, and analog-to-digital conversion functions, which can convert the raw analog signals collected by the sensor into anti-interference digital signals, avoiding data distortion caused by downhole electromagnetic and fluid vibration interference, and providing reliable data for cementing quality evaluation and reservoir dynamic analysis; the wireless communication design of the transmitter can retrieve data without pulling the tubing string, avoiding the defects of traditional wired transmission that are easily damaged in deep wells.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve section includes an inner central tube and an outer central tube. The outer central tube is sleeved over the inner central tube. The inner central tube is longer than the outer central tube. The inner central tube consists of connecting tubes at both ends and an installation tube in the middle. The inner ring of the outer central tube is tangent to the outer ring of the installation tube. The installation cavity is opened in the tube wall of the installation tube. The outer central tube is used to cover the installation cavity.

[0010] The beneficial effects are: by utilizing the outer central tube to fully cover the installation cavity, the internal components are effectively isolated from the erosion of high-pressure fluids and corrosive media downhole.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the mounting cavity includes a battery cavity, a sensing cavity, and a signal cavity. The number of battery cavities is several, and the energy supply module includes several batteries disposed in the battery cavities. The temperature and pressure sensor is disposed in the sensing cavity. The signal processing module also includes a circuit board and a transmitter disposed in the signal cavity. The circuit board is provided with a controller, a memory, a modular RTC, and an analog-to-digital converter chip. The analog-to-digital converter chip is used to convert the temperature and pressure sensing signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the controller. The controller is used to transmit the data to the transmitter.

[0012] The beneficial effects are as follows: the partitioned design of the battery chamber, sensing chamber, and signal chamber physically isolates the functions of energy supply, signal acquisition, and data processing, reduces electromagnetic interference between modules, and improves system stability; the modular RTC provides a time reference for the data, ensuring that the temperature and pressure data accurately correspond to the time nodes of downhole operations, solving the problem that traditional monitoring cannot mark time and trace dynamics; the memory can store a large amount of data, and in conjunction with the wireless transmission of the transmitter, it avoids the problem of excessive energy consumption in real-time transmission and prevents data loss, meeting the needs of long-term monitoring.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the temperature and pressure sensor includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The sensing cavity includes a pressure sensing cavity and a temperature sensing cavity that are interconnected. The pressure sensing cavity penetrates through the side wall of the mounting tube. The pressure sensor is embedded in the pressure sensing cavity. The pressure sensing cavity is sealed by sealant and interference fit. The temperature sensor is snapped onto the pressure sensor and suspended in the temperature sensing cavity.

[0014] The beneficial effects are as follows: the pressure sensor seals the pressure sensing cavity, and combined with the through-type design, it can directly contact the downhole fluid to ensure the accuracy of pressure measurement, and effectively prevent high-pressure fluid from seeping into the installation cavity. The temperature sensor is suspended in the temperature sensing cavity, which reduces thermal conduction interference with the cavity wall and avoids temperature distortion caused by wall-mounted installation.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the pressure sensor has an axial slide cylinder at the end near the inner ring of the mounting tube, and a piston is installed inside the slide cylinder. External pressure pushes the piston to move along the slide cylinder, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate inside the pressure sensor deforms due to the piston displacement, thereby outputting a change in electrical signal to monitor the pressure signal.

[0016] The beneficial effects are: the piston and slide structure converts external pressure into mechanical displacement, and outputs electrical signals through strain gauges, piezoelectric elements, etc., which improves the response speed compared with direct contact sensors.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the connecting pipe includes a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe. The inner central pipe is fitted with a first sleeve near the first connecting pipe. Both have positioning holes that penetrate the cylinder wall at corresponding positions. A first positioning pin is connected to the positioning hole. The first positioning pin is connected to the positioning hole by sealant and interference fit to enhance structural stability and prevent downhole fluid from seeping in. The inner ring of the first sleeve is tangent to the outer ring of the inner central pipe. The wall thickness of the first sleeve is the same as that of the outer central pipe. The end of the outer central pipe abuts against the first sleeve.

[0018] The beneficial effects are as follows: the first positioning pin connects the inner central tube and the first sleeve, and the abutting design of the outer central tube and the first sleeve strengthens the axial fixation of the inner and outer tubes, resists the violent vibration when the casing is lowered, and avoids the loosening of components; the sealing design of the positioning hole and the tangential fit with the first sleeve prevent the high pressure fluid downhole from seeping into the installation cavity from the connection gap, and protects the internal electronic components.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the outer diameter of the mounting pipe is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting pipe, the outer ring of the second connecting pipe is fixed with a second sleeve, the outer diameter of the second sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the mounting pipe, and a continuous stepped structure is formed between the mounting pipe, the second sleeve and the second connecting pipe, and the inner ring of the outer central pipe is provided with a stepped structure that is adapted to it.

[0020] The beneficial effects are as follows: the continuous stepped structure of the installation pipe, the second sleeve, and the second connecting pipe, and the matching design of the inner ring of the outer central pipe, enable the rapid and accurate installation of the outer central pipe, avoid the failure of the chamber seal caused by assembly deviation, and improve production efficiency; the stepped structure makes the stress on the inner and outer central pipes more uniform, which can disperse the radial pressure of the downhole high pressure on the pipe wall, and improve the deformation resistance compared with the straight pipe structure, making it suitable for ultra-deep well high pressure conditions.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, a positioning groove is formed between the second sleeve and the installation pipe on the second connecting pipe, and a second positioning pin is connected to the outer central pipe, with its end abutting against the bottom of the positioning groove.

[0022] The beneficial effects are: the cooperation between the second positioning pin and the positioning groove restricts the axial movement of the outer central tube, avoids displacement of the outer central tube caused by downhole fluid impact or casing expansion and contraction, and ensures its continuous coverage and protection of the installation cavity.

[0023] Preferably, as an improvement, a connecting groove is provided in the area between the sensing cavity, the signal cavity and several battery cavities on the mounting tube, and the connecting groove is used for wiring.

[0024] The beneficial effects are: the connecting slots centrally store the wires between the chambers, avoiding poor contact or signal interference caused by messy tangles of wires, and reducing the risk of line failure; the connecting slots allow for orderly wiring within the narrow installation pipes, eliminating the need for additional wiring space, ensuring a compact overall structure of the device, and adapting to the limited internal dimensions of the pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the temperature and pressure sensor AA in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB at the first positioning pin in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the central tube in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve short section according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional structural diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve section 1, inner central tube 11, mounting tube 111, connecting tube 112, first connecting pipe 1121, first sleeve 11211, positioning hole 11212, first positioning pin 11213, second connecting pipe 1122, second sleeve 11221, positioning groove 11222, second positioning pin 11223, outer central tube 12, temperature and pressure sensor 2, temperature sensor 21, pressure sensor 22, piston 221, mounting cavity 3, battery cavity 31, battery box 311, battery 312, sensing cavity 32, pressure sensing cavity 321, temperature sensing cavity 322, signal cavity 33, transmitter 331, O-ring seal 4, neodymium magnet 5.

[0027] Example The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figures 1-6 As shown, Figures 1-3 The downhole storage-type pressure and temperature monitoring device shown includes a pressure and temperature monitoring casing section 1. The casing section 1 includes an inner central tube 11 and an outer central tube 12. The inner central tube 11 includes connecting tubes 112 at both ends and an installation tube 111 in the middle. The connecting tubes 112 include a first connecting pipe 1121 and a second connecting pipe 1122 located at both ends of the installation tube 111. The connecting tubes 112 and the installation tube 111 are integrally formed, and the inner diameter of the connecting tube 112 is equal to the inner diameter of the installation tube 111. The outer diameter of the installation tube 111 is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting tube 112. The inner diameter of the outer central tube 12 is tangent to the outer diameter of the installation tube 111. The outer central tube 12 is coaxially sleeved around the inner central tube 11, using the installation tube 111 as a positioning reference. The length of the outer central tube 12 is shorter than that of the inner central tube 11, and the length of the outer central tube 12 is equal to the length of the installation tube 111. Both the inner central tube 11 and the outer central tube 12 are made of materials such as Hastelloy and titanium alloy. The two ends of the temperature and pressure monitoring casing short section 1 are connected to the casing through the first connecting pipe 1121 and the second connecting pipe 1122 respectively, thereby installing the device on the downhole casing and monitoring in real time with the downhole casing. The connecting pipe 112 and the casing can be connected by threaded connection, clamp connection, welding or other methods. In this embodiment, the installation is achieved by threaded connection. Specifically, the outer circles of the first connecting pipe 1121 and the second connecting pipe 1122 are machined with external threads, and the inner circle of the downhole casing is machined with internal threads. The internal and external threads are compatible. The temperature and pressure monitoring casing short section 1 is installed on the casing by threaded connection. In order to enhance the high pressure sealing effect, thread sealing grease is applied to the thread mating surface, or a metal sealing surface is designed at the end of the connecting pipe 112, and an O-ring is installed to prevent downhole fluid from leaking from the thread gap.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figures 4-6As shown, a first sleeve 11211 is fitted onto the end of the mounting tube 111 near the first connecting tube 1121. The outer diameter of the first sleeve 11211 is larger than that of the mounting tube 111. A shoulder is formed between the first sleeve 11211 and the outer diameter of the mounting tube 111. The outer diameter of the first sleeve 11211 is the same as that of the outer central tube 12. The shoulder is used for the end of the outer central tube 12 to abut against each other. Both the first sleeve 11211 and the inner central tube 11 have several positioning holes 11212 circumferentially formed on their tube walls. The positioning holes 11212 of both correspond to each other and penetrate through the side walls of both. A first positioning pin 11213 is inserted into the positioning hole 11212. The outer ring of the positioning pin 11213 has a sealing groove, and an O-ring 4 is installed in the sealing groove. The diameter of the O-ring 4 is greater than the depth of the sealing groove, so the O-ring 4 protrudes from the outer ring of the first positioning pin 11213. The diameter of the positioning hole 11212 is the same as the diameter of the first positioning pin 11213. Therefore, the first positioning pin 11213 and the positioning hole 11212 are interference-fitted by the O-ring 4. Thread adhesive is applied between the first positioning pin 11213 and the positioning hole 11212. A neodymium magnet 5 is fixedly connected to the end of the first positioning pin 11213. This connection method not only enhances the structural stability, but also effectively prevents downhole fluid from seeping in from the connection gap.

[0029] A second sleeve 11221 is fixedly installed on the outer ring of the second connector 1122 using a high-precision machining process. The outer diameter of the mounting tube 111 is larger than the outer diameter of the second connector 1122, thus forming a continuous stepped structure between the mounting tube 111, the second sleeve 11221, and the second connector 1122. Simultaneously, a matching stepped structure is machined on the inner ring of the outer center tube 12. A positioning groove 11222 is pre-reserved between the second sleeve 11221 and the mounting tube 111 on the second connector 1122, and a second positioning pin is installed at the corresponding position on the outer center tube 12. 11223 During installation, the end of the second positioning pin 11223 is accurately abutted against the bottom of the positioning groove 11222 to limit the axial movement of the outer center tube 12 and ensure that the outer center tube 12 always maintains good coverage and protection for the installation cavity 3; the inner ring of the first sleeve 11211 is tangent to the outer ring of the inner center tube 11, and the wall thickness of the first sleeve 11211 is the same as that of the outer center tube 12. The end of the outer center tube 12 is tightly abutted against the first sleeve 11211, which further strengthens the axial fixation of the inner and outer tubes and improves the device's ability to resist severe vibration when the sleeve is lowered.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, several battery cavities 31 are precisely formed on the wall of the mounting tube 111 according to the size and quantity requirements of the battery 312. The battery cavities 31 are arranged circumferentially around the mounting tube 111. Battery boxes 311 are installed in the battery cavities 311, and batteries 312 are installed in the battery boxes 311. In this embodiment, high-temperature resistant and high-energy-density lithium batteries 312 are selected as the power supply for the energy supply module to meet the power demand for long-term monitoring in the well. The lithium batteries 312 are placed into the battery cavities 31 one by one. To ensure that the batteries 312 are installed firmly and the electrical connection is stable, insulating rubber pads are used to fix and buffer the batteries 312 and the battery cavities 311. High-temperature resistant, oil-resistant and flexible wires are used to connect the positive and negative terminals of the batteries 312 to the power interface on the circuit board.

[0031] like Figures 1-6 As shown, sensing cavities 32 and signal cavities 33 are sequentially formed on the wall of the mounting tube 111 at the location where several battery cavities 31 surround it. A connecting groove is formed on the mounting tube 111 in the area between the sensing cavities 32, signal cavities 33, and several battery cavities 31, connecting the various cavities. The sensing cavity 32 includes a pressure sensing cavity 321 and a temperature sensing cavity 322, which are connected. The pressure sensing cavity 321 penetrates the wall of the mounting tube 111 and is cylindrical. The temperature sensing cavity 322 is rectangular and does not penetrate the wall of the mounting tube 111. The temperature sensing cavity 322 and the pressure sensing cavity 321 together form a sensing... A temperature and pressure sensor 2 is installed inside the cavity 32. The temperature and pressure sensor 2 includes a temperature sensor 21 and a pressure sensor 22. The pressure sensor 22 is also cylindrical and embedded in the pressure sensing cavity 321. The pressure sensor 22 and the pressure sensing cavity 321 are sealed by threaded adhesive. A sealing groove is also provided on the outer circle of the pressure sensor 22. An O-ring 4 is installed in the sealing groove. The O-ring 4 protrudes from the outer circle of the pressure sensor 22. The pressure sensor 22 is press-fitted with the pressure sensing cavity 321 through the O-ring 4. The sealing between the pressure sensor 22 and the pressure sensing cavity 321 is achieved through threaded adhesive and the O-ring 4.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the pressure sensor 22 has a bayonet, which is cylindrical and perpendicular to the axis of the pressure sensor 22. The temperature sensor 21 is snapped into the bayonet of the pressure sensor 22. Since the temperature sensing cavity 322 and the pressure sensing cavity 321 are connected, the temperature sensor 21 is suspended in the temperature sensing cavity 322 through the pressure sensor 22, ensuring that the temperature sensor 21 does not come into contact with the metal structure of the temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve section 1. The bottom of the cylindrical bayonet of the pressure sensor 22 is provided with metal conductive contacts. These contacts are connected to the pressure sensor 22 through wires inside the pressure sensor 22. The signal processing chip and power supply pins are connected. The cylindrical shell of the temperature sensor 21 has metal pins extending from its end, which correspond to the contacts. The pins are connected to the temperature sensing element inside the temperature sensor 21. When the temperature sensor 21 is inserted into the slot of the pressure sensor 22, the metal pins of the temperature sensor 21 are precisely aligned and tightly fitted with the conductive contacts inside the slot, forming a stable electrical path. This not only enables the power supply to the temperature sensor 21 (from the battery cavity 31 through the pressure sensor 22 to the contacts), but also enables the electrical signal collected by the temperature sensor 21 to be transmitted in reverse to the pressure sensor 22.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, the pressure sensor 22 has an axial slide tube at the end near the inner ring of the mounting tube 111. A piston 221 is installed inside the slide tube, and an O-ring 4 is also installed on the outer circumference of the piston 221 to maintain a seal with the slide tube. The outer end of the piston 221 is directly connected to the outside. The piston 221 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant material. A piezoelectric ceramic plate is installed at the bottom of the slide tube, and the piezoelectric ceramic plate is in contact with the inner end of the piston 221. The displacement of the piston 221 will generate pressure on the piezoelectric ceramic plate, causing it to undergo microscopic deformation. (Crystal structure change); when the pressure decreases, the compressive force decreases and the deformation recovers; the positive and negative charge centers inside the piezoelectric ceramic originally coincided and the whole was electrically neutral. When the piston 221 squeezes the piezoelectric element to deform it, the positive and negative charge centers separate and generate equal amounts of opposite charges (charge Q) on the surface of the element. Q is proportional to the pressure (i.e., external pressure P). These charges are connected to the charge amplifier through wires and converted into a voltage signal (U) proportional to Q, thereby outputting an electrical signal related to the external pressure.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, the battery cavity 31, sensing cavity 32, and signal cavity 33 form the mounting cavity 3. Several batteries 312 form the energy supply module. A circuit board is mounted on the bottom layer of the signal cavity 33, housing a controller, memory, modular RTC, and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) chip. A transmitter 331 is mounted on the upper layer of the circuit board within the signal cavity 33. The transmitter 331 and the circuit board form the signal processing module. Wires from the positive and negative terminals of the batteries 312 are led out and directly connected to the power interface of the circuit board within the signal cavity 33 via a connecting slot. The wires are fixed along the slot wall within the connecting slot and clamped with high-temperature resistant insulating clips. The outer layer of the wires is wrapped with a high-temperature resistant insulating layer to maintain insulation from the metal of the slot wall and prevent short circuits. Wires from the signal output and power input terminals of the pressure sensor 22 are led out and connected to the ADC chip and power supply transistor on the circuit board via the connecting slot between the sensing cavity 32 and the signal cavity 33. The input port of the processing module, pressure sensor 22, simultaneously outputs signals containing pressure and temperature, with the pressure signal connected to CH1 and the temperature signal connected to CH2. Shielded twisted-pair cables are used to reduce electromagnetic interference. They are arranged in separate areas within the connecting slot from the power supply line of battery 312, separated by insulating partitions to prevent power fluctuations from interfering with sensitive signals. Wires lead out from the controller output terminal of the circuit board and are directly connected to the data input terminal of transmitter 331. The power supply terminal of transmitter 331 draws power from the power interface of the circuit board via wires. The wires within the slot are protected by insulating sleeves to prevent wear and tear from shaking. The wires, including power lines and signal lines, are sorted and organized within the connecting slot and fixed with heat-resistant insulating materials such as PTFE sleeves to prevent wear or contact with the metal pipe wall due to downhole vibration. Shielded cables are preferred for signal lines to reduce interference from the battery 312 power supply line and the downhole electromagnetic environment.

[0035] Several batteries 312 are connected to the power interface on the circuit board via wires to power the circuit board and the entire signal processing module; the temperature and pressure sensor 2 is connected to the input port of the analog-to-digital converter chip on the circuit board via a signal line to transmit the collected pressure and temperature analog signals to the analog-to-digital converter chip; the analog-to-digital converter chip transmits the converted digital signal to the controller, the controller processes the digital signal, performs signal amplification, filtering and other operations, and stores the processed valid data in the memory; the modular RTC is connected to the controller to provide a time reference for data processing and storage; the processed valid data is transmitted from the controller to the transmitter 331, and the transmitter 331 transmits it to the external receiving device via wireless communication.

[0036] The specific implementation process is as follows: After the device is lowered into the designated well section along with the casing, the lithium battery 312 supplies power to the circuit board and the entire system through the heat-resistant insulated wire in the connecting groove. The power management module stably distributes the voltage of the battery 312 to various components such as the temperature and pressure sensor 2, the analog-to-digital converter chip, the controller, and the transmitter 331 to ensure continuous operation of the system. The downhole pressure acts on the piston 221 of the pressure sensor 22, pushing the piston 221 to move along the slide and squeeze the piezoelectric ceramic plate at the bottom of the slide. The piezoelectric ceramic plate generates a charge proportional to the pressure due to deformation, which is converted into an analog voltage signal by the charge amplifier. At the same time, the temperature sensor 21 suspended in the temperature sensing cavity 322 converts the temperature into an analog voltage signal through the temperature sensing element. This signal is transmitted to the signal output terminal of the pressure sensor 22 through the contact path between the metal pin of the temperature sensor 21 and the conductive contact of the pressure sensor 22, and merges with the pressure analog signal.

[0037] Two analog signals are transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter chip on the circuit board via shielded twisted-pair cables (separated by connecting slots to avoid interference). The chip quantizes and encodes the analog signals into digital signals according to a preset sampling rate, and then transmits them to the controller. The controller amplifies and filters the digital signals to remove interference, and uses calibration coefficients stored in memory to correct errors. Simultaneously, it reads the time data from the modular RTC, adds timestamps to the processed pressure and temperature data, and stores the complete data record in memory. Finally, the controller transmits the valid data to the transmitter 331. The transmitter 331 converts the data into an alternating magnetic field signal. The neodymium magnet 5 converges and amplifies the magnetic field, ensuring that the magnetic field signal penetrates the metal barrier, is captured by the external receiver, and is converted back into an electrical signal, realizing real-time wireless transmission of downhole pressure and temperature data.

[0038] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A downhole storage-type pressure and temperature monitoring device, characterized in that: The system includes a temperature and pressure monitoring casing sub, a temperature and pressure sensor, an energy supply module, and a signal processing module. The temperature and pressure monitoring casing sub is used to connect to the casing and has an installation cavity. The temperature and pressure sensor is located in the installation cavity and is used to collect pressure and temperature signals inside the well. Both the energy supply module and the signal processing module are located inside the temperature and pressure monitoring casing sub and are electrically connected to the temperature and pressure sensor. The energy supply module supplies power to the temperature and pressure sensor. The signal processing module includes a transmitter, which transmits the monitoring data of the temperature and pressure sensor to the outside.

2. The monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and pressure monitoring sleeve section includes an inner center tube and an outer center tube. The outer center tube is sleeved over the inner center tube. The inner center tube is longer than the outer center tube. The inner center tube consists of connecting tubes at both ends and a mounting tube in the middle. The inner ring of the outer center tube is tangent to the outer ring of the mounting tube. The mounting cavity is opened in the tube wall of the mounting tube. The outer center tube is used to cover the mounting cavity.

3. The monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting cavity includes a battery cavity, a sensing cavity, and a signal cavity. There are several battery cavities. The energy supply module includes several batteries installed in the battery cavities. The temperature and pressure sensors are installed in the sensing cavities. The signal processing module also includes a circuit board and a transmitter installed in the signal cavity. The circuit board is equipped with a controller, a memory, a modular RTC, and an analog-to-digital converter chip. The analog-to-digital converter chip is used to convert the temperature and pressure sensing signals into digital signals and transmit them to the controller. The controller is used to transmit the data to the transmitter.

4. The monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature and pressure sensor includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. The sensing cavity includes a pressure sensing cavity and a temperature sensing cavity that are interconnected. The pressure sensing cavity penetrates through the side wall of the mounting tube. The pressure sensor is embedded in the pressure sensing cavity and is sealed by sealant and interference fit. The temperature sensor is clipped to the pressure sensor and suspended in the temperature sensing cavity.

5. The monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An axial slide cylinder is provided at the end of the pressure sensor near the inner ring of the mounting tube. A piston is installed inside the slide cylinder. External pressure pushes the piston to move along the slide cylinder. The piezoelectric ceramic plate inside the pressure sensor deforms due to the piston displacement, thereby outputting a change in electrical signal to monitor the pressure signal.

6. The monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting pipe includes a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe. The inner central pipe is fitted with a first sleeve near the first connecting pipe. Positioning holes penetrating the cylinder wall are opened at corresponding positions on both pipes. A first positioning pin is connected to the positioning hole. The first positioning pin is connected to the positioning hole by sealant and interference fit to enhance structural stability and prevent downhole fluid from seeping in. The inner ring of the first sleeve is tangent to the outer ring of the inner central pipe. The wall thickness of the first sleeve and the outer central pipe is the same. The end of the outer central pipe abuts against the first sleeve.

7. The monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the mounting pipe is larger than that of the connecting pipe. The outer ring of the second connecting pipe is fixed with a second sleeve. The outer diameter of the second sleeve is smaller than that of the mounting pipe. A continuous stepped structure is formed between the mounting pipe, the second sleeve, and the second connecting pipe. The inner ring of the outer central pipe is provided with a stepped structure that is compatible with it.

8. The monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: On the second connecting pipe, a positioning groove is formed between the second sleeve and the installation pipe, and the outer center pipe is connected to the second positioning nail, the end of which abuts against the bottom of the positioning groove.

9. The monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: On the mounting tube, a connecting slot is provided in the area between the sensing cavity, the signal cavity and several battery cavities. The connecting slot is used for wiring.

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