Deep-hole ore-breaking pillar-free continuous mining method for steeply inclined thin vein

Abstract

A steeply inclined thin vein deep hole ore breaking pillar-free continuous mining method is characterized in that a V-shaped stope structure is adopted for an undercut subsection at the lower portion of a chamber, and at the joint of a stope subsection stope at the upper portion of the chamber and the undercut subsection stope at the lower portion of the chamber, the rectangular mining width of the stope subsection at the upper portion of the chamber is wrapped by the maximum mining width of the V-shaped stope structure of the undercut subsection at the lower portion of the chamber; the problem that upper and lower stopes cannot be communicated due to blast hole deflection is solved; a chamber is divided into an upper section and a lower section for stoping, downward deep hole and upward medium-depth hole step-by-step stoping and downward deep hole step-by-step blasting are adopted respectively, the ore loss and dilution rate and the rock drilling workload are reduced, and surrounding rock damage of upper and lower walls is reduced; top and bottom columns and middle columns are not reserved, so that ore loss is reduced, and ground pressure disasters are reduced; in the stage, except the first chamber, the rest chambers utilize recyclable inflatable airbags as temporary time columns to form cutting grooves, so that the mining preparation cutting work amount of ore body stoping is reduced, continuous mining of the chambers is realized, and the problem that blasting cutting grooves need to be constructed in chamber stoping is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of mining engineering, and particularly relates to a method for deep hole ore falling without ore pillar in continuous mining of steeply inclined thin ore vein. BACKGROUND

[0002] The steeply inclined thin ore vein with an inclination angle greater than 55° and a thickness less than 4m accounts for a high proportion in precious metal and non-ferrous metal mineral resources in China. At present, the steeply inclined thin ore vein is mainly mined by using the shallow hole ore drawing method and the wall cutting and filling method.

[0003] However, when the shallow hole ore drawing method is used, although the process is simple and the preparation work is small, the workers are directly exposed to the operation under the roof during mining, so the operation is dangerous, and there are problems of low mechanization degree and small production capacity. When the wall cutting and filling method is used, the ore loss and dilution rate is low, and there are problems of large labor intensity of workers, poor operation safety condition, low mechanization level and the like.

[0004] Therefore, the Chinese patent application with the publication number CN116816350A discloses a method for deep hole ore falling and drawing for subsequent filling mining of steeply inclined extremely thin ore vein. In the method, the ore body is divided into ore blocks along the strike, the ore blocks are divided into ore rooms and ore pillars, the ore pillars are divided into top pillars, bottom pillars and interval pillars, the top pillars are provided with along-vein rock drilling roadways, the bottom pillars are provided with along-vein rock / ore receiving roadways, the ore rooms are divided into upper and lower parts, parallel deep holes are drilled downward in the along-vein rock drilling roadways of the top pillars, parallel medium deep holes are drilled upward in the along-vein rock / ore receiving roadways of the bottom pillars, and a cutting shaft is arranged in the center of the ore room. During the ore room mining process, the ore room is mined in a retreating manner from both sides of the cutting shaft with the cutting shaft as the blasting free surface, and the blasted ore is transported and dropped into the along-vein rock / ore receiving roadways of the bottom pillars by gravity, and is drawn out by using a trackless shovel.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned method still has the following two problems: ① The deep hole ore falling method is used in the stage, and the control of hole deflection is a key technical difficulty. The method uses the process of drilling downward and upward deep holes from the top and bottom of the stope at the same time, which cannot guarantee that the upward and downward holes are on the same axis. Once the hole is deflected, the blasting space designed for the downward parallel deep hole and the blasting space designed for the upward parallel medium deep hole will be misaligned, the blasted ore of the upper part of the ore body will be blocked and cannot be discharged, the upper and lower wall rocks of the stope will be damaged, a large amount of ore will be lost, and even the stope cannot be continuously mined. ② The top pillars and the bottom pillars are left with 5m to 8m, and the interval pillars are left with 3m to 5m, which not only causes the loss of ore, but also affects the continuity of the ore body mining time and space, especially under the condition of deep high stress mining, which will become a dangerous source of stress concentration.

[0006] Chinese patent application with publication number CN114320297A discloses a steeply inclined thin vein large-diameter deep hole mining method. This scheme is basically the same as Chinese patent application with publication number CN116816350A in terms of mining, cutting, and ore mining engineering. The difference lies in that the ore room ore falling adopts a one-time deep hole drilling method, downward drilling parallel deep holes in the top column along the vein roadway, one-time blasting, and ore falling by gravity transport method into the bottom column of the ore receiving roadway, and then the ore is mined by the shovel truck.

[0007] However, the above scheme still has the following four shortcomings: ①, deep hole one-time drilling, the hole deflection rate is extremely large. Experience shows that the deflection rate increases exponentially when the drilling depth is greater than 30m. The thickness of the thin vein ore body is usually 0.8m-4m. If the hole deflection rate is too large, the downward parallel deep hole may not be able to drill through the bottom column of the ore receiving roadway, which requires further supplement of blast holes, thereby increasing the drilling workload. ②, deep hole one-time blasting, the blasting vibration will cause serious damage to the upper and lower wall rocks, especially for the mining of unstable ore bodies, which is prone to cause upper and lower wall collapse and other ground pressure disasters, leading to deterioration of operation safety conditions and increase of ore loss and dilution rate. ③, deep hole drilling has poor adaptability to the shape change of the ore body, which will also increase the ore loss and dilution rate. ④, the setting of top and bottom columns and intercolumn will increase the ore loss rate. SUMMARY

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a steeply inclined thin vein deep hole ore falling ore column-free continuous mining method. The lower part of the ore room is cut off and segmented with a V-shaped stope structure, and the upper part of the ore room is mined in a smaller segment than the maximum mining width of the lower part of the ore room cut off and segmented. At the connection between the upper part of the ore room and the lower part of the ore room, the rectangular mining width of the upper part of the ore room is wrapped by the maximum mining width of the V-shaped stope structure of the lower part of the ore room, effectively solving the problem of the upper and lower parts of the stope being unable to be connected due to hole deflection. The ore room is divided into two segments for mining, and downward deep holes and upward medium-depth holes are used for step-by-step mining. The downward deep holes are blasted in steps, which reduces the ore loss and dilution rate and the drilling workload, and reduces the damage to the upper and lower wall rocks. No top column, bottom column and intercolumn are set, which reduces the ore loss and reduces the ground pressure disaster. In addition to the first ore room, the remaining ore rooms use recyclable inflatable air bags as temporary columns to form cutting grooves, which reduces the mining and cutting engineering quantity of the ore body mining, realizes continuous mining of the ore room, and solves the problem of blasting and cutting grooves required for ore room mining.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a steeply inclined thin vein deep hole ore falling ore column-free continuous mining method, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Stope arrangement The ore body is divided into ore rooms along the strike, and no inter-pillar and top and bottom pillar is left; Step two: preparation engineering During the construction stage of the ore room lower part, the transportation roadway, the ore extraction through-vein roadway, the ore room bottom in-vein drill / ore receiving roadway, the ore room top in-vein drill roadway and the connecting roadway are excavated; Step three: cutting engineering The slot is cut for the first ore room recovery construction in the stage, and serves as the blasting free surface of the ore room recovery; Step four: ore room recovery The cut bottom section is recovered first, and then the recovery section of the ore room is recovered, and the recovery distance of the cut bottom section ahead of the recovery section is 10m-15m; Step five: stope ventilation After the single blasting of the cut bottom section ends, the fresh air flow enters the stope through the stage transportation roadway and the ore extraction through-vein roadway in turn, and after the working face is cleaned, the dirty air is discharged from the cutting shaft through the ore room top in-vein drill roadway, the connecting roadway and the stage transportation roadway of the upper stage in turn; after the single blasting of the recovery section ends, the fresh air flow enters the stope through the stage transportation roadway and the ore extraction through-vein roadway in turn, and after the working face is cleaned, the dirty air is discharged from the cutting shaft and the goaf through the ore room top in-vein drill roadway, the connecting roadway and the stage transportation roadway of the upper stage in turn; Step six: ore extraction The caved ore automatically falls to the ore room bottom in-vein drill / ore receiving roadway of the cut bottom section by gravity, the ore is loaded into the mine car through the ore extraction through-vein roadway by the scraper, and finally the mine car is transported away through the stage transportation roadway; Step seven: goaf filling The blocking retaining wall is constructed in the ore extraction through-vein roadway, the connecting roadway on one side of the ore room top is blocked through the blocking retaining wall, the inflatable air bag is placed on the other side of the goaf of the ore room, after the inflatable air bag is inflated, the filling pipeline is erected on the top of the blocking retaining wall, and the goaf is filled with concrete or cemented filling material.

[0010] In step one, the length of the ore room along the strike is 40m-60m, the stage height is 40m-50m, the ore room is divided into upper and lower sections along the vertical direction, the upper section is the recovery section, and the lower section is the cut bottom section, the height of the recovery section is two-thirds of the stage height and is 27m-35m, and the height of the cut bottom section is one-third of the stage height and is 13m-17m.

[0011] In step two, in the process of the mining engineering construction, first, the stage transportation roadway along the ore body strike is excavated and constructed in the lower wall of the ore room, then the ore-out cross-vein roadway perpendicular to the ore body strike is excavated and constructed every 6m-8m from the stage transportation roadway and reaches the ore body, then the ore room bottom vein-in along-vein drivage for the undercut sublevel stoping and rock bolting and the ore room bottom vein-in along-vein drivage in the ore room bottom is excavated and constructed along the ore body strike, then the inclined connecting roadway is excavated and constructed from the stage transportation roadway of the upper stage and reaches the top of the ore room, finally, the ore room top vein-in along-vein drivage for the sublevel stoping is excavated and constructed at the bottom of the concrete false floor along the ore body strike.

[0012] In step three, in the ore room bottom vein-in along-vein drivage on one side of the ore room bottom, the upward cutting raise is excavated and constructed along the vertical extension direction of the ore body, and the cutting roadway of 1m-2m is excavated and constructed in the upward wall on one side of the ore room bottom, so that the ore-out cross-vein roadway in the lower wall on one side of the ore room extends 1m-2m to the upper wall of the ore room, and further the cutting roadway, the ore room bottom vein-in along-vein drivage and the ore-out cross-vein roadway on one side of the ore room bottom interpenetrate each other, and the cutting raise interpenetrates and connects with the ore room top vein-in along-vein drivage and the connecting roadway, and the width of the cutting raise perpendicular to the ore body strike direction is greater than the upper sublevel stoping rectangular mining width; when the cutting raise is constructed, the parallel medium-length hole is drilled in the cutting roadway, and the cutting raise is expanded to the cut bottom layer rectangular cutting slot with a width of 3m-5m and a height of 13m-17m by taking the cutting raise as the free surface, and the width of the cut bottom layer rectangular cutting slot is greater than the maximum mining width of the lower cut bottom sublevel, and the rest of the ore room in the stage does not need to construct the cutting slot, and the cutting slot is formed by using the inflatable air bag.

[0013] In step four, when the cut bottom sublevel is mined, the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole is drilled in the ore room bottom vein-in along-vein drivage by using the drilling machine, the hole diameter of the medium-length hole is 45mm-70mm, and the charge is coupled radially and axially in the medium-length hole; the cut bottom sublevel ore body is mined by taking the cut bottom layer rectangular cutting slot or the cutting slot formed by the inflatable air bag as the blasting free surface, and a cut bottom sublevel V-shaped mining width is formed after blasting, the height of the cut bottom sublevel V-shaped mining width is 13m-17m, the width of the minimum mining width at the lower end of the cut bottom sublevel V-shaped mining width is less than the width of the ore room bottom vein-in along-vein drivage, and the width of the maximum mining width at the upper end of the cut bottom sublevel V-shaped mining width is less than the width of the cut bottom layer rectangular cutting slot.

[0014] In step four, when the stoping sublevel is stoped, the drill machine is used to drill downward parallel deep holes in the roof of the ore room and in the vein, the diameter of the deep hole is 90mm-100mm, and the deep hole needs to penetrate the mined-out area in the cut-to-bottom sublevel, after the deep hole is plugged, the charge is coupled radially but not axially in the deep hole; the cutting slot formed by the cutting raise or the inflatable air bag is used as the blasting free surface to stop the ore body in the stoping sublevel, and the ore body in the stoping sublevel is collapsed in batches, the height of the ore body collapsed in a single batch is 10m-15m, and the stoping sublevel rectangular mining width is formed after blasting, the width of the stoping sublevel rectangular mining width is smaller than the width of the maximum mining width of the cut-to-bottom sublevel, and at the connection between the stoping sublevel and the cut-to-bottom sublevel, the lower end of the stoping sublevel rectangular mining width is wrapped by the upper end of the maximum mining width of the V-shaped mining width of the cut-to-bottom sublevel.

[0015] In step four, the arrangement mode of the medium-length hole and the deep hole is that there are three blast holes in each row, and two or three rows of blast holes are blasted at a time; the blast hole in the middle is a stoping hole, and the blast holes on both sides are edge cutting holes for controlling the blasting boundary; the stoping hole forms a stoping hole blasting crater after blasting, and the edge cutting hole forms an edge cutting hole blasting crater after blasting.

[0016] In step six, at the end of the ore room stoping, the remote-controlled shovel loader is used to enter the vein in the ore room and to cut the rock / ore receiving roadway along the vein, so as to recover the ore remaining in the ridge between the ore extraction through-vein roadways.

[0017] In step seven, at the initial stage of the mined-out area filling, the concrete is used for filling first, until the concrete false bottom with a thickness of 0.5m-1m is formed, then the cemented filling material is used for filling, until the mined-out area is filled with the cemented filling material; after the concrete false bottom and the cemented filling material are solidified, the inflatable air bag is exhausted, then the inflatable air bag is removed, the cutting slot for the adjacent stope stoping is formed, and finally the adjacent stope stoping operation is carried out.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present application are: The present invention relates to a deep-hole, pillarless continuous mining method for steeply inclined thin veins. The lower stope section employs a V-shaped stope structure, and the upper stope section has a smaller maximum stope width than the lower stope section. At the junction of the upper stope section and the lower stope section, the rectangular stope width (i.e., the width of the stope perpendicular to the ore body strike) of the upper stope section is encompassed by the maximum stope width (i.e., the width of the stope perpendicular to the ore body strike) of the V-shaped stope structure of the lower stope section. This effectively solves the problem of insufficient penetration between the upper and lower stopes caused by borehole deviation. The project addresses several challenges: First, it divides the stope into upper and lower sections for mining, employing step-by-step mining with downward deep holes and upward medium-deep holes respectively. Second, it uses multiple blasting operations in the downward deep holes to reduce ore loss and dilution, minimize drilling workload, and reduce damage to the surrounding rock. Third, it eliminates the need for top, bottom, and intermediate pillars, further reducing ore loss and mitigating ground pressure hazards. Fourth, except for the first stope, the remaining stops utilize recyclable inflatable airbags as temporary time pillars to form cutting channels, reducing the amount of preparatory cutting work required for ore body mining and enabling continuous stope mining. This solves the problem of needing to construct blasting cutting channels for stope mining. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operational principle of a pillarless continuous mining method for deep-hole ore extraction in steeply inclined thin veins according to the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA; Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB section view; Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC section view; Figure 5 for Figure 1 DD section view; Figure 6 for Figure 1 EE section view; Figure 7 for Figure 1 FF section view; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hole arrangement for the upward-facing medium-deep holes and the downward-facing deep holes of the present invention; In the figure, 1-stage transportation roadway, 2-mineral extraction cross-vein roadway, 3-mining roadway at the bottom of the ore room along the vein, 4-mining roadway at the top of the ore room along the vein, 5-bottom cutting section, 6-mining section, 7-deep hole, 8-medium-deep hole, 9-cutting raise, 10-concrete false floor, 11-cemented filling material, 12-ore room, 13-connection roadway, 14-inflatable air bag, 15-blocking retaining wall, 16-V-shaped mining width of bottom cutting section, 17-rectangular mining width of mining section, 18-cutting roadway, 19-rectangular cutting slot of bottom cutting layer, 20-ore, 21-ore body, 22-edge cutting hole, 23-mining hole, 24-mining hole blasting crater, 25-edge cutting hole blasting crater, 26-gob. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] A steeply inclined thin vein deep hole ore drawing ore pillar-free continuous mining method, the operation principle diagram is shown in Figures 1-8 , comprising the following steps: Step one: stope layout Divide the ore body 21 into ore rooms 12 along the strike, without leaving inter-pillars and top and bottom pillars; Specifically, the length of the ore room 12 along the strike is 40-60 m, the stage height is 40-50 m, the ore room 12 is divided into upper and lower sections along the vertical direction, the upper section is the mining section 6, and the lower section is the bottom cutting section 5, the height of the mining section 6 is two-thirds of the stage height and is 27-35 m, and the height of the bottom cutting section 5 is one-third of the stage height and is 13-17 m; Step two: preparation engineering Excavate and construct the stage transportation roadway 1, the mineral extraction cross-vein roadway 2, the mining roadway at the bottom of the ore room along the vein 3, the mining roadway at the top of the ore room along the vein 4, and the connection roadway 13 at the lower end of the ore room 12; Specifically, during the preparation engineering construction process, first, excavate and construct the stage transportation roadway 1 along the strike of the ore body 21 at the lower end of the ore room 12, then excavate and construct the mineral extraction cross-vein roadway 2 every 6-8 m from the stage transportation roadway 1 and reach the ore body 21, then excavate and construct the mining roadway at the bottom of the ore room along the vein 3 for the mining and rock drilling of the bottom cutting section 5 and the ore room, excavate and construct the inclined connection roadway 13 from the stage transportation roadway 1 of the previous stage and reach the top of the ore room 12, and finally excavate and construct the mining roadway at the top of the ore room along the vein 4 at the bottom of the concrete false floor 10 along the strike of the ore body 21 for the mining of the mining section 6; Step three: cutting engineering Cut a slot for the mining of the first ore room 12 in the stage and use it as the blasting free surface for the mining of the ore room 12; Specifically, the upward cutting raise 9 is excavated along the vertical extension direction of the ore body 21 in the foot-on-vein sublevel drift / ore receiving drift 3 in the foot side of the ore room 12, and the cutting drift 18 of 1 m to 2 m is excavated in the upward wall of the foot side of the ore room 12, so that the ore-pass drift 2 in the foot side of the ore room 12 extends to the upper wall of the ore room 12 by 1 m to 2 m, and the cutting drift 18, the foot-on-vein sublevel drift / ore receiving drift 3 and the ore-pass drift 2 in the foot side of the ore room 12 are interconnected, and the cutting raise 9 is interconnected with the foot-on-vein sublevel drift 4 and the connecting drift 13, and the width of the cutting raise 9 is greater than the width of the upper stoping sublevel rectangular mining width 17; after the cutting raise 9 is excavated, the parallel medium-length hole 8 is drilled upward in the cutting drift 18, and the cutting raise 9 is expanded to the cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting groove 19 with a width of 3 m to 5 m and a height of 13 m to 17 m, and the width of the cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting groove 19 is greater than the maximum mining width of the lower cutting bottom sublevel 5, and the rest of the ore rooms 12 in the stage do not need to excavate the cutting groove, and the cutting groove is formed by the inflatable air bag 14; Step four: ore room stoping The cutting bottom sublevel 5 is stoped first, and then the stoping sublevel 6 is stoped, and the stoping distance of the cutting bottom sublevel 5 is 10 m to 15 m ahead of the stoping sublevel 6; Specifically, the upward fan-shaped medium-length hole 8 is drilled in the foot-on-vein sublevel drift / ore receiving drift 3 by using a drilling machine when the cutting bottom sublevel 5 is stoped, the diameter of the medium-length hole 8 is 45 mm to 70 mm, and the medium-length hole 8 is coupled with the charge radially and axially; the cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting groove 19 or the cutting groove formed by the inflatable air bag 14 is used as the blasting free surface to stop the ore body 21 in the cutting bottom sublevel 5, and a V-shaped mining width 16 is formed after blasting, the height of the V-shaped mining width 16 is 13 m to 17 m, the width of the minimum mining width at the lower end of the V-shaped mining width 16 is less than the width of the foot-on-vein sublevel drift / ore receiving drift 3, and the width of the maximum mining width at the upper end of the V-shaped mining width 16 is less than the width of the cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting groove 19; When the mining sublevel 6 is mined, the downward parallel deep hole 7 is drilled by a drill machine in the in-seam drift 4 in the roof of the ore room, the diameter of the deep hole 7 is 90mm-100mm, and the deep hole 7 needs to penetrate the mined-out area 26 in the undercutting sublevel 5, after the deep hole 7 is plugged, the charge is coupled radially but not coupled axially in the deep hole 7; the cutting slot formed by the cutting raise 9 or the inflatable air bag 14 is used as the free surface of blasting to mine the ore body 21 in the mining sublevel 6, and the ore body 21 in the mining sublevel 6 is caved in batches, the height of the ore body 21 in the mining sublevel 6 caved in a single time is 10m-15m, and the rectangular mining width 17 of the mining sublevel is formed after blasting, the width of the rectangular mining width 17 of the mining sublevel is smaller than the width of the maximum mining width of the undercutting sublevel 5, and at the connection between the mining sublevel 6 and the undercutting sublevel 5, the lower end of the rectangular mining width 17 of the mining sublevel is wrapped by the upper end of the maximum mining width of the undercutting V-shaped mining width 16; The arrangement of the medium-length hole 8 and the deep hole 7 is that there are three blast holes in each row, and two or three rows of blast holes are blasted at a time; the blast hole in the middle is the mining hole 23, and the blast holes on both sides are the edge cutting holes 22, which are used to control the blasting boundary; the mining hole 23 forms the mining hole blasting crater 24 after blasting, and the edge cutting hole 22 forms the edge cutting hole blasting crater 25 after blasting; Step five: ventilation of the stope After the single blasting of the undercutting sublevel 5 is completed, the fresh air flow enters the stope through the stage transportation roadway 1 and the ore extraction cross-vein roadway 2 in turn, after the working face is cleaned, the dirty air is discharged from the cutting raise 9 through the in-seam drift 4 in the roof of the ore room, the connecting roadway 13 and the stage transportation roadway 1 of the upper stage in turn; after the single blasting of the mining sublevel 6 is completed, the fresh air flow enters the stope through the stage transportation roadway 1 and the ore extraction cross-vein roadway 2 in turn, after the working face is cleaned, the dirty air is discharged from the cutting raise 9 and the mined-out area 26 through the in-seam drift 4 in the roof of the ore room, the connecting roadway 13 and the stage transportation roadway 1 of the upper stage in turn; Step six: ore extraction The caved ore 20 automatically falls to the in-seam drift 3 in the ore room floor of the undercutting sublevel 5 by gravity, and the ore 20 is scooped to the mine car through the ore extraction cross-vein roadway 2 by the use of the scraper, and finally the ore 20 is transported away by the mine car through the stage transportation roadway 1; In addition, at the end of the mining of the ore room 12, the remote-controlled scraper enters the in-seam drift 3 in the ore room floor to recover the ore 20 remaining between the ore extraction cross-vein roadways 2; Step seven: filling of the mined-out area The blocking retaining wall 15 is constructed in the ore extraction cross-vein roadway 2, the connecting roadway 13 on one side of the roof of the ore room 12 is blocked by the blocking retaining wall 15, the inflatable air bag 14 is placed on the other side of the mined-out area 26 of the ore room 12, after the inflatable air bag 14 is inflated, the filling pipeline is erected on the top of the blocking retaining wall 15, and the mined-out area 26 is filled with the concrete or cemented filling material 11; Specifically, at the initial stage of filling the goaf 26, the goaf 26 is filled with concrete first until a concrete false floor 10 with a thickness of 0.5m to 1m is formed, and then the goaf 26 is filled with the cemented filling material 11 until the goaf 26 is filled with the cemented filling material 11; after the concrete false floor 10 and the cemented filling material 11 are solidified, the air in the air bag 14 is exhausted, and then the air bag 14 is removed to form a cutting groove adjacent to the mining field, and finally the mining operation of the mining field adjacent to the cutting groove is performed.

[0022] The scheme in the embodiment is not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and any equivalent implementation or change without departing from the present application is included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for the long-hole stoping of steeply dipping thin veins with no ore pillar, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Stope layout The ore body is divided into ore rooms along the strike, and no inter-pillar and top and bottom pillars are left; Step 2: Preparation engineering During the driving construction of the lower part of the ore room, the transportation roadway, the ore extraction through-vein roadway, the ore room bottom vein-in-along-vein drill-and-blast roadway, the ore room top vein-in-along-vein drill roadway and the connecting roadway are excavated; Step 3: Cutting engineering The slot is cut for the mining construction of the first ore room in the stage, and serves as the blasting free surface for the ore room mining; Step 4: Ore room mining The cut-to-bottom sublevel is mined first, and then the mining sublevel is mined, and the mining distance of the cut-to-bottom sublevel ahead of the mining sublevel is 10-15 m; Step 5: Stope ventilation After the single blasting of the cut-to-bottom sublevel is completed, the fresh air flow enters the stope in sequence through the stage transportation roadway and the ore extraction through-vein roadway, and after the working face is cleaned, the dirty air is discharged from the cutting shaft in sequence through the ore room top vein-in-along-vein drill roadway, the connecting roadway and the stage transportation roadway of the upper stage; after the single blasting of the mining sublevel is completed, the fresh air flow enters the stope in sequence through the stage transportation roadway and the ore extraction through-vein roadway, and after the working face is cleaned, the dirty air is discharged from the cutting shaft and the goaf in sequence through the ore room top vein-in-along-vein drill roadway, the connecting roadway and the stage transportation roadway of the upper stage; Step 6: Ore extraction The caved ore automatically falls to the ore room bottom vein-in-along-vein drill-and-blast roadway at the bottom of the cut-to-bottom sublevel by gravity, the ore is loaded into the mine car through the ore extraction through-vein roadway by the scraper, and finally the ore is transported away by the mine car through the stage transportation roadway; Step 7: Goaf filling The blocking dam is constructed in the ore extraction through-vein roadway, the connecting roadway on one side of the top of the ore room is blocked through the blocking dam, the inflatable air bag is placed on the other side of the goaf of the ore room, after the inflatable air bag is inflated, the filling pipeline is erected on the top of the blocking dam, and the goaf is filled with concrete or cemented filling material.

2. A method according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that: In step 1, the length of the ore room along the strike is 40-60 m, the stage height is 40-50 m, the ore room is divided into upper and lower sections along the vertical direction, the upper section is the mining sublevel, and the lower section is the cut-to-bottom sublevel, the height of the mining sublevel is two-thirds of the stage height and is 27-35 m, and the height of the cut-to-bottom sublevel is one-third of the stage height and is 13-17 m.

3. A method according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that: In step 2, during the construction of the preparation engineering, the stage transportation roadway along the strike of the ore body is first excavated and constructed in the lower part of the ore room, then the ore extraction through-vein roadway perpendicular to the strike of the ore body is excavated and constructed every 6-8 m from the stage transportation roadway and reaches the ore body, then the ore room bottom vein-in-along-vein drill-and-blast roadway for the cut-to-bottom sublevel mining and the ore room mining is excavated and constructed along the strike of the ore body at the bottom of the ore room, then the inclined connecting roadway is excavated and constructed from the stage transportation roadway of the upper stage and reaches the top of the ore room, and finally the ore room top vein-in-along-vein drill roadway for the mining sublevel mining is excavated and constructed at the bottom of the concrete false bottom along the strike of the ore body.

4. A method according to claim 1 for the longhole stoping of a steeply dipping thin ore shoot with no ore pillars, characterized in that: In step three, a cutting raise is excavated upward along the vertical extension direction of the ore body in the ore body bottom vein along the vein tunnel / ore receiving tunnel at the ore body bottom side, and a cutting tunnel of 1m-2m is excavated at the upward disc of the ore body bottom side, so that the ore extraction through vein tunnel at the lower disc of the ore body bottom side extends 1m-2m to the upper disc of the ore body, and further makes the cutting tunnel, the ore body bottom vein along the vein tunnel / ore receiving tunnel and the ore extraction through vein tunnel intersect and penetrate each other at the ore body bottom side, and makes the cutting raise, the ore body top vein along the vein tunnel and the connecting tunnel penetrate and connect each other, and the width of the cutting raise perpendicular to the strike direction of the ore body is greater than the upper stoping segmented rectangular mining width; after the cutting raise is completed, parallel medium-length holes are drilled upward in the cutting tunnel, and the cutting raise is taken as a free surface to expand the cutting raise in the cutting bottom segment to a cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting slot with a width of 3m-5m and a height of 13m-17m, and the width of the cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting slot is greater than the maximum mining width of the lower cutting bottom segment, and the remaining ore rooms in the stage do not need to be excavated to form cutting slots by using inflatable air bags.

5. A method according to claim 1 for the longhole stoping of a steeply dipping thin ore shoot with no ore pillars, characterized in that: In step four, when the cutting bottom segment is mined, upward fan-shaped medium-length holes are drilled in the ore body bottom vein along the vein tunnel / ore receiving tunnel by using a drilling machine, the diameter of the medium-length hole is 45mm-70mm, and the medium-length hole is radially and axially coupled with a charge; the cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting slot or the cutting slot formed by the inflatable air bag is taken as a blasting free surface to mine the ore body in the cutting bottom segment, and a V-shaped mining width is formed after blasting, the height of the V-shaped mining width is 13m-17m, the width of the minimum mining width at the lower end of the V-shaped mining width is less than the width of the ore body bottom vein along the vein tunnel / ore receiving tunnel, and the width of the maximum mining width at the upper end of the V-shaped mining width is less than the width of the cutting bottom layer rectangular cutting slot.

6. A method of longhole shrink-and-fall ore extraction without ore pillars from steeply inclined thin ore shoots according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, when the mining segment is mined, downward parallel deep holes are drilled in the ore body top vein along the vein tunnel by using a drilling machine, the diameter of the deep hole is 90mm-100mm, and the deep hole needs to penetrate the goaf in the cutting bottom segment, and after the deep hole is blocked, the deep hole is radially coupled but not axially coupled with a charge; the cutting raise or the cutting slot formed by the inflatable air bag is taken as a blasting free surface to mine the ore body in the mining segment, and the ore body in the mining segment is collapsed in batches, the height of the single collapsed ore body in the mining segment is 10m-15m, and a rectangular mining width is formed after blasting, the width of the rectangular mining width is less than the width of the maximum mining width of the cutting bottom segment, and at the connection between the mining segment and the cutting bottom segment, the lower end of the rectangular mining width in the mining segment is wrapped by the maximum mining width at the upper end of the V-shaped mining width in the cutting bottom segment.

7. A method according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that: In step four, the arrangement of the medium-length hole and the deep hole is that there are three blast holes in each row, and two or three rows of blast holes are blasted at a time; the middle blast hole is a mining hole, and the two side blast holes are edge cutting holes for controlling the blasting boundary; the mining hole blasting forms a mining hole blasting crater, and the edge cutting hole blasting forms an edge cutting hole blasting crater.

8. A method according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i z e d in that: In step six, at the end of the mining of the ore room, a remote-controlled shovel loader is used to enter the ore body bottom vein along the vein tunnel / ore receiving tunnel to recover the ore remaining in the ridge between the ore extraction through vein tunnels.

9. A method according to claim 1 for the longhole stoping of a steeply dipping thin ore shoot with no ore pillars, characterized in that: In step seven, in the initial stage of the goaf filling, the goaf is filled with concrete until a concrete false floor with a thickness of 0.5m-1m is formed, and then the goaf is filled with cemented filling material until the goaf is filled with the cemented filling material; after the concrete false floor and the cemented filling material are solidified, the air in the air bag is exhausted, and then the air bag is removed, a cutting groove adjacent to the stope is formed, and finally the stope adjacent to the stope is recovered.

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