Shield tunneling machine body and bracket jacking and rotating construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a shield tunneling machine body and bracket jacking and rotating construction method. The shield tunneling machine body and bracket jacking and rotating construction method comprises the steps of S1, a foundation preparation stage; s2, a supporting system is installed, specifically, before receiving of the shield tunneling machine, graded combined type supporting pads and matched inclined struts are arranged on a bottom layer steel plate; s3, the shield tunneling machine is fixed, specifically, after the shield tunneling machine body enters the designated position of the bracket, rear matched equipment is disconnected, a stress bracket is welded to the shield body, and a jack set and a matched supporting pad which are synchronously controlled are installed; s4, descending operation is conducted, specifically, part of the supporting pad and the inclined strut are cut off, and after the shield tunneling machine body and the bracket are jacked through the jack set, the bracket and the supporting pad below the jack are circularly pulled out till the bracket descends to the bottom layer steel plate; a triangular support is welded to the bottom-layer steel plate, the two sides of the shield tunneling machine body are pressurized through a jack set to form a rotating couple, jacks are retracted every time the shield tunneling machine body rotates by a preset angle, and wedge-shaped cushion blocks are added till the shield tunneling machine body gradually rotates to the designed starting position; and S6, jacking operation is conducted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction technology, specifically a method for lifting and rotating the TBM body and its support frame. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of urban underground space development, shield tunneling has become the main construction method for projects such as subway tunnels and integrated utility tunnels. During long-distance shield tunneling, intermediate working shafts are often required to fulfill specific functions, but this adds the need for receiving, turning, and launching the shield machine. Traditional construction methods require large lifting equipment to hoist the shield machine out of the shaft, turn it around, and then hoist it back into the shaft. This process not only requires large lifting equipment and occupies a large construction site, but also presents problems such as high safety risks, long construction periods, and high costs. Especially in urban centers, where the site is small and the surrounding environment is complex, the application of traditional hoisting methods is greatly limited.

[0003] In existing related technologies, such as the TBM translation and rotation method in a deep and narrow space disclosed in patent document (CN118959004A): during the rotation process, the position of the steel plate support needs to be adjusted by continuous welding. Secondary welding can easily lead to a decrease in the strength of the base plate, and the adjustment efficiency is low; the rotational reaction force relies on the fixed steel plate support, which cannot adapt to the force requirements of different rotation angles; the lifting process lacks a graded support structure, and is only lifted directly by jacks, resulting in insufficient stability. The shield machine turning support device disclosed in patent document (CN210660097U): only focuses on the lifting function in a narrow space, and does not involve the precise control of the rotation process; the height of the support component is fixed, which cannot match the dynamically changing reaction force during rotation; the synchronization of the jacks relies only on the hydraulic pump station, and no dedicated balancing mechanism is set up, which is prone to uneven force; there is no anti-slip auxiliary structure during rotation, and the reaction force resistance is weak.

[0004] In summary, existing technologies have failed to effectively solve the core challenge of efficiently lifting and rotating heavy tunnel boring machines in confined spaces, and there is an urgent need for an innovative, safe, efficient, and economical method for turning tunnel boring machines around underground. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for lifting and rotating the shield machine body and bracket. Through a clever tooling system and scientific construction technology, the shield machine can be safely and efficiently turned around in a limited shaft space, effectively solving various problems existing in traditional hoisting methods.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for lifting and rotating the shield machine body and support frame, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Foundation preparation stage: After the shield tunneling shaft is completed, the leveling layer and double steel plate are laid in sequence. The lower steel plate is fully laid on the leveling layer, and the upper steel plate is only laid in the shield machine rotation area.

[0008] S2. Support system installation: Before the tunnel boring machine is received, a graded combination support pad and matching diagonal brace are arranged on the bottom steel plate. The two ends of the support pad are welded and fixed to the top of the bottom steel plate and the bottom of the bracket, respectively, to form a stable support system.

[0009] S3. Shield machine fixing: After the shield machine body enters the designated position of the bracket, disconnect the supporting equipment, weld the load-bearing bracket on the shield body, install the synchronous control jack group and supporting support pad, and weld the triangular limit steel plate on the contact surface between the shield machine body and the bracket.

[0010] S4. Lowering operation: After cutting off part of the support pads and diagonal braces, the shield machine body and bracket are lifted by the jack group. Then, the support pads under the brackets and jacks are removed in a cycle until the brackets are lowered to the bottom steel plate.

[0011] S5. Rotation and turning: Weld triangular supports on the bottom steel plate, and apply pressure to both sides of the shield machine body through the jack assembly to form a rotational couple. After each preset rotation angle, retract the jacks and add wedge-shaped pads. At the same time, weld anti-slip supports on the outside of the stress point until the shield machine body gradually rotates to the designed starting position.

[0012] S6. Lifting Operation: Add support pads in the reverse process of step S4, lift the shield body to the starting elevation using jacks, and reinforce the support pads to complete the preparation for launch.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the leveling layer is a 20mm thick medium-coarse sand layer, and both layers of steel plates are 30mm thick steel plates.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the graded combined support pad includes 6 sets of first support pads and 4 sets of second support pads; the first support pad is composed of 3 steel plates with a specification of 609mm×300mm and 3 steel plates with a specification of 609mm×200mm, and the second support pad is composed of 1 steel plate with a specification of 609mm×1000mm and 1 steel plate with a specification of 609mm×500mm.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, seven sets of triangular limiting steel plates are set on each side of the contact surface between the shield machine body and the bracket. The right-angled side of each set of triangular limiting steel plates is welded to the outer wall of the shield body and the top surface of the bracket, respectively. The load-bearing brackets are symmetrically welded to the middle shield and front shield positions of the shield body, and the jack sets are installed below the load-bearing brackets.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S4, the cyclic removal process is as follows: after the jack group lifts the shield machine body and bracket by 30mm, the uppermost first support pad under the bracket is removed first, and the pressure is released so that the bracket falls on the remaining support pad. Then the uppermost matching support pad under the jack is removed, and the operation is repeated until the bracket contacts the bottom steel plate.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S5, the preset angle is 10°, the slope angle of the wedge-shaped pad is adapted to the tangent angle of the rotation trajectory, and the thickness of the wedge-shaped pad is calculated and determined according to the magnitude of the rotational reaction force; the triangular support is welded to the outside of the rotation trajectory, and the jacking end of the jack assembly abuts against the triangular support to form a rotational couple.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S5, during the rotation and turning operation, grease is applied to the contact surface of the steel plate to reduce frictional resistance.

[0019] Furthermore, the jack assembly is controlled by a synchronous hydraulic system, which is equipped with a cylinder balance valve. The pressure difference between each jack is adjusted in real time through the cylinder balance valve to ensure the synchronicity and stability of the lifting and pushing process.

[0020] Furthermore, the selection of the jacks, support pads, long supports, and diagonal braces needs to be determined based on the structural form and stress characteristics of the tunnel boring machine body and bracket.

[0021] Furthermore, the specifications and quantity of the support pads, long supports, and diagonal braces need to be calculated and determined based on the dimensions of the well structure, the weight of the tunnel boring machine, and the height difference between the launching and receiving tunnel openings.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0023] 1. Significant economic benefits: Compared with traditional hoisting solutions, it can save more than 70% of costs.

[0024] 2. Significant advantage in construction period: Preparatory work can be carried out simultaneously with the construction of the well body structure, which can shorten the total construction period by about 50%.

[0025] 3. High safety: It avoids large-scale hoisting operations and reduces the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0026] 4. Wide applicability: It is especially suitable for shield tunneling construction in narrow spaces in urban centers.

[0027] 5. Significant potential for wider application: It provides a new technical solution for long-distance tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction.

[0028] In summary, the advantages of this invention are as follows: through the coordinated operation of jacks, support pads and wedge blocks, the shield machine body can achieve smooth rotation and precise positioning from the shield receiving position to the launching position, completely avoiding multiple hoisting operations, reducing reliance on steel support structures, significantly reducing costs and shortening the construction period. This method is particularly suitable for long-distance, multi-site urban pipeline and underground transportation construction and has high promotion and application value. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support system layout of the present invention, wherein (a) is a side view and (b) is a longitudinal sectional view;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lowering and lifting operations of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating and turning operation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a method for lifting and rotating a tunnel boring machine body and bracket, including a tunnel boring machine body 1, a bracket 2, a 200-ton jack, a support pad, a wedge-shaped pad block and an inclined brace 6, which is particularly suitable for the receiving and launching conversion construction of tunnel boring equipment in urban underground engineering.

[0034] (1) Foundation preparation stage: After the shield tunneling shaft is completed, a 20 mm thick medium-coarse sand leveling layer and two 30 mm thick steel plates are laid in sequence. The lower steel plate is fully laid on the leveling layer, and the upper steel plate is only laid in the shield machine rotation area. According to the stress characteristics of the shield machine body and bracket structure, the layout parameters of the support system are determined by calculation.

[0035] (2) Installation of support system: Before the shield is accepted, 10 sets of support pads (6 sets of 4b, the height of support pad 4b is composed of 3 pieces of 609mm×300mm and 3 pieces of 609mm×200mm, 4 sets of support pads 4c, the height of support pad 4c is composed of 1 piece of 609mm×1000mm and 1 piece of 609mm×500mm) and corresponding diagonal braces are arranged on the bottom steel plate. The two ends of the support pads are welded and fixed to the top of the steel plate and the bottom of the bracket respectively to form a stable support system.

[0036] (3) Shield machine fixing: After the shield machine body 1 enters the designated position of the bracket 2, disconnect the supporting equipment, weld the brackets on the shield body, install 4 200-ton jacks 3a and supporting support pads 4a; weld 7 sets of triangular limit steel plates on each side of the contact surface between the shield machine body 1 and the bracket 2 to prevent the shield machine from overturning.

[0037] (4) Lowering operation: Cut off 4 sets of support pads (1 piece of 609mm×1000mm and 1 piece of 609mm×500mm) and all diagonal braces. Use 4 200t jacks 3a to lift the shield machine body 1 and bracket 2 by 30mm. Then, remove the support pads 4b under the bracket 2 and under the jacks in turn, removing one layer (20cm or 30cm thick) each time. Repeat the operation until the bracket 2 is lowered smoothly to the bottom steel plate.

[0038] (5) Rotate and turn around, weld triangular supports on the lower steel plate to provide reaction force, use two 200-ton jacks 3b to apply pressure on both sides of the bracket 2 to form a rotational couple, so that the bracket 2 rotates around the fixed axis according to the predetermined rotation trajectory; after each 10° advance, add wedge-shaped pads for fixation, and weld anti-slip supports on the outside of the force point until the shield machine body 1 gradually rotates to the designed starting position.

[0039] (6) Lifting operation: Following the reverse process of the lowering operation, place support pads (1 piece of 609mm×1000mm, 1 piece of 609mm×500mm and 1 piece of 50×50mm) under the jacks to accurately lift the tunnel boring machine to the starting elevation. Place a 50×50mm support pad under the bracket and reinforce it to complete the preparation for the tunnel boring machine to start.

[0040] Example: A project in Taopu, Shanghai, is used as an application example. The shield tunnel section of this project is 4.7km long, with two receiving shafts in the middle. One of the receiving shafts was constructed using the method of this invention. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0041] First, a 20mm thick leveling layer of medium-coarse sand is laid at the bottom of the well. Then, a lower 30mm thick steel plate (fully laid) and an upper 30mm thick steel plate (laid only in the rotating area) are laid. According to calculations, 6 sets of 3 blocks each of 609mm×300mm and 3 blocks of 609mm×200mm support pads and 4 sets of 1 block each of 609mm×1000mm and 1 block of 609mm×500mm support pads are arranged, with both ends welded to the upper part of the steel plate and the bottom of the bracket. All support pads are reinforced with diagonal bracing.

[0042] After the tunnel boring machine (TBM) reaches its designated position, four 200-ton jacks are installed, and 14 sets of triangular limiting steel plates are welded between the shield and the support frame. During the descent, the TBM is lowered 1.5 meters in six stages using a staggered padding method. For the rotation and turning, two 200-ton jacks are used to push the TBM, with a set of wedge-shaped pads added every 10 degrees, completing a 60-degree rotation in six stages. The lifting operation is performed in the reverse of the descent process, ultimately precisely lifting the TBM to its initial elevation.

[0043] Application results show that the method of this invention saves 73.3% of costs and shortens the construction period by 52% compared with the traditional hoisting scheme, achieving significant economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. A shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, a basic preparation stage: after the construction of the shield working well is completed, a leveling layer and double-layer steel plates are laid in sequence, the lower layer of steel plates is fully laid on the leveling layer, and the upper layer of steel plates is laid only in the rotating area of the shield machine; S2, installation of a support system: before the shield machine is received, a hierarchical combined support pad and a matching inclined support are arranged on the bottom layer of steel plates, the two ends of the support pad are respectively welded and fixed to the top of the bottom layer of steel plates and the bottom of the bracket, and a stable support system is formed; S3, fixation of the shield machine: after the shield machine body enters the specified position of the bracket, the rear matching equipment is disconnected, the force bracket is welded on the shield body, the synchronous control jack group and the matching support pad are installed, and the triangular limiting steel plate is welded on the contact surface between the shield machine body and the bracket; S4, lowering operation: after part of the support pad and the inclined support are cut off, the shield machine body and the bracket are lifted by the jack group, the support pad under the bracket and the jack is removed in a cycle until the bracket is lowered to the bottom layer of steel plates; S5, rotation and turning: the triangular support is welded on the bottom layer of steel plates, the rotation couple is formed by the pushing end of the jack group and the triangular support, the jack is retracted and the wedge-shaped pad is added after the shield machine body is rotated by a preset angle, the anti-slip support is welded outside the force point at the same time, and the shield machine body is gradually rotated to the designed starting position; S6, lifting operation: the support pad is added according to the reverse process of step S4, the shield body is lifted to the starting elevation by the jack group, the support pad is reinforced, and the starting preparation is completed.

2. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the leveling layer is a 20mm-thick medium-coarse sand layer, and the double-layer steel plates are both 30mm-thick steel plates.

3. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the hierarchical combined support pad comprises six groups of first support pads and four groups of second support pads; the first support pad is composed of three steel plates with a specification of 609mm*300mm and three steel plates with a specification of 609mm*200mm, and the second support pad is composed of one steel plate with a specification of 609mm*1000mm and one steel plate with a specification of 609mm*500mm.

4. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the triangular limiting steel plate is arranged on both sides of the contact surface between the shield machine body and the bracket in seven groups, the right-angle edges of each group of triangular limiting steel plates are respectively welded to the outer wall of the shield body and the top surface of the bracket; the force bracket is symmetrically welded to the middle shield and the front shield of the shield body, and the jack group is correspondingly installed below the force bracket.

5. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the cycle removal process is specifically as follows: after the shield machine body and the bracket are lifted by 30mm by the jack group, the uppermost first support pad under the bracket is removed first, the bracket is lowered on the remaining support pad after pressure relief, the uppermost matching support pad under the jack is removed, and the operation is repeated until the bracket contacts the bottom layer of steel plates.

6. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the preset angle is 10°, the angle of the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped pad is adapted to the tangent angle of the rotation track, and the thickness of the wedge-shaped pad is determined according to the size of the rotation reaction force; the triangular support is welded outside the rotation track, and the pushing end of the jack group abuts against the triangular support to form a rotation couple.

7. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, butter is applied on the contact surface of the steel plates to reduce the frictional resistance during the rotation and turning operation.

8. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jack group adopts a synchronous hydraulic system control, the synchronous hydraulic system is provided with a cylinder balance valve, the pressure difference of each jack is adjusted in real time through the cylinder balance valve, and the synchronization and stability of the lifting and pushing processes are ensured.

9. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selection of the jacks, the supporting pads, the long supports and the inclined supports needs to be determined according to the structure form and stress characteristics of the shield machine body and the bracket.

10. The shield machine body and carrier jacking and rotating construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specifications and the number of the supporting pads, the long supports and the inclined supports need to be determined according to the structure size of the shaft body, the weight of the shield machine and the height difference of the starting and receiving hole.

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