Wind energy collection power generation device based on clamped beam
By using a fixed beam structure and linkage design, wind energy is converted into high-frequency vibration. Combined with quasi-zero stiffness and multi-steady-state characteristics, the problem of low energy harvesting efficiency of existing devices at low wind speeds is solved, achieving high-efficiency power output.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511353394.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing energy harvesting devices based on cantilever beams and buckling beams have poor dynamic characteristics, low energy conversion efficiency, and low output power under low wind speed excitation, making it difficult to meet actual engineering needs.
Design a wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed beam. The device converts wind-induced low-frequency vibrations into high-frequency vibrations through a linkage-fixed beam structure, utilizes piezoelectric materials to generate electricity efficiently at high frequencies, and combines quasi-zero stiffness and multi-steady-state characteristics to maintain large-amplitude vibrations over a wide wind speed range. Adjust system parameters to optimize energy harvesting.
It achieves efficient wind energy harvesting under low wind speeds, improves energy conversion efficiency, outputs higher electrical energy, solves the problem of low output power under weak vibration excitation, and has adjustability and stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN120969054A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy harvesting technology, specifically relating to a wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed beam. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, most miniature sensors used in aerospace, structural health monitoring, and biomedicine are powered by chemical batteries. However, chemical batteries have drawbacks such as limited lifespan, high maintenance and replacement costs, and environmental pollution from discarded batteries. To address these issues, environmental energy harvesting technology has emerged, and an increasing number of energy harvesting devices have been proposed and developed. These devices can convert environmental vibration energy, wind energy, and wave energy into electrical energy, replacing traditional batteries to enable self-powering of microelectronic devices. Therefore, developing energy harvesting technology and designing and developing efficient energy harvesting devices is of great significance.
[0003] Typical energy harvesting devices are mostly based on cantilever beams and buckling beams. Cantilever beam-based energy harvesting devices are the most widely studied. For example, the US patent "Ko W H. Piezoelectric energy converter for electronic implants [Z]. US, 1969." and the literature "Sodano HA, Park G, Leo DJ, et al. Model of Piezoelectric Power Harvesting Beam [C]. ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Washington, DC, USA, 2003: 345-354." developed cantilever beam-based energy harvesting devices relatively early. A typical cantilever beam-type piezoelectric energy harvesting structure mainly consists of an elastic base beam and a piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material is often attached to the root of the cantilever beam. When the cantilever beam vibrates, the piezoelectric material deforms, thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Buckling beam-based energy harvesting structures typically consist of a buckling beam and a piezoelectric material, with the piezoelectric material often attached to the mid-span of the buckling beam. When subjected to external excitation, the buckling beam drives the piezoelectric material to vibrate, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.
[0004] The two typical structures described above often involve attaching piezoelectric materials to the host beam. The forced vibration of the host beam under external excitation causes deformation of the piezoelectric material, which then exhibits the piezoelectric effect, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. However, when the external excitation is small, the host structure often struggles to produce large-amplitude vibrations, making it difficult for the piezoelectric material to generate significant electrical energy output under small deformations. Therefore, these structures suffer from poor dynamic characteristics, low energy conversion efficiency, and low output power, making it difficult to achieve the expected power generation and hindering their stable application in practical engineering. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed beam, which can achieve efficient wind energy harvesting under low wind speed excitation and improve energy conversion efficiency.
[0006] The technical solution of this invention is: A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed beam includes an external support frame, a fixed beam, and a piezoelectric material. Two fixed support beams are arranged opposite each other, and both ends of the fixed support beams are connected to the outer support. Each fixed support beam is provided with piezoelectric material. The device also includes: A connecting platform is positioned between the two fixed support beams; Two connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting platform, and the two connecting rods correspond one-to-one with the two fixed support beams. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the fixed support beam, and the other end is hinged to the connecting platform. A blunt body is inserted into the connecting platform and is detachably connected to the connecting platform; In use, the blunt body generates wind-induced vibration under wind excitation. The vibration drives the connecting platform to generate inertial force. The inertial force is amplified by the connecting rod and drives the fixed support beams on both sides to deform the piezoelectric material. Under the action of deformation, the piezoelectric material realizes the conversion of mechanical energy generated by vibration into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect.
[0007] Preferably, a mass adjustment component is installed on the connection platform. The mass adjustment component includes a ferromagnetic block and a moving magnet. Two ferromagnetic blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connection platform. Each ferromagnetic block is attached with multiple moving magnets, and the number of moving magnets on the two ferromagnetic blocks is the same.
[0008] Preferably, the connecting rod is a telescopic structure used to adjust the length of the connecting rod.
[0009] Preferably, the blunt body is an axisymmetric structure, including but not limited to dumbbell shape, cylinder or prism.
[0010] Preferably, a connecting plate is provided at the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting platform. The connecting plate is hinged to the connecting rod. An insertion hole is provided on the connecting plate. The fixed support beam is inserted into the insertion hole. A fastening bolt is screwed to the side wall of the insertion hole. The fastening bolt passes through the side wall of the insertion hole and abuts against the fixed support beam.
[0011] Preferably, the length ratio from the connection point of the connecting rod to the two ends of the fixed beam is 1:(1~2).
[0012] Preferably, the length ratio of the blunt body on the upper and lower sides of the connecting platform is 1:(1~5).
[0013] Preferably, fixed magnets are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer support, and the two fixed magnets correspond one-to-one with the two ferromagnetic blocks.
[0014] Preferably, one or both ends of the fixed beam are respectively provided with an axial force driving assembly, which is used to apply an axial force perpendicular to the vibration direction of the blunt body to one or both ends of the fixed beam.
[0015] Preferably, the piezoelectric material is lead zirconate titanate ceramic or fiber composite piezoelectric material, which is attached to the end, mid-span or the entire length of the fixed beam to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed beam of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention, through a linkage-fixed beam design, converts wind-induced low-frequency vibration into high-frequency vibration of the fixed beam, enabling piezoelectric materials to generate electricity more efficiently at high frequencies. Specifically, a blunt body generates low-frequency vibration under wind excitation, which drives the connecting platform to generate inertial force. This inertial force is amplified by the linkage and drives the fixed beam to generate large-amplitude vibration, which in turn drives the fixed beam to generate high-frequency forced vibration. The fixed beam causes the piezoelectric material to deform, and the piezoelectric material outputs more charge under high-frequency vibration. This achieves the conversion of mechanical energy generated by vibration into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect. By using an up-conversion frequency converter, low-frequency vibration is converted into high-frequency piezoelectric unit vibration, resulting in higher electrical energy output at low wind speeds and solving the problem of "low output power under weak vibration excitation". 2. The device of the present invention also has quasi-zero stiffness and multi-stable state characteristics. It uses the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic to absorb low-frequency vibrations and the multi-stable state characteristic to make the fixed beam maintain a large amplitude vibration over a wide wind speed range. Thus, the low-frequency vibration is converted into high-frequency piezoelectric unit vibration through up-conversion, which can realize efficient wind energy collection in low wind speed and wide wind speed range. 3. In the device of the present invention, parameters such as the length of the connecting rod, the magnitude of the axial force, the mass of the magnet, and the magnetization intensity of the volume all affect the potential energy of the system. The potential energy function of the system can be adjusted by adjusting the above parameters, which has the characteristics of high adjustability. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection platform in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure for assembling and using the apparatus described in several embodiments of the present invention.
[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. External support frame; 2. Fixed support beam; 3. Piezoelectric material; 4. Connecting platform; 5. Mounting hole; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Blunt body; 8. Ferromagnetic block; 9. Moving magnet; 10. Fixed magnet; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Insertion hole. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.
[0020] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0021] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
[0022] See Figures 1 to 5As shown, in order to achieve efficient wind energy harvesting and improve energy conversion efficiency under low wind speed conditions, this embodiment provides a wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on fixed beams, including an outer support 1, an energy conversion module, a connecting platform 4, a connecting rod 6, and a blunt body 7. The energy conversion module consists of fixed beams 2 and piezoelectric materials 3. Two fixed beams 2 are arranged opposite each other, and both ends of the fixed beams 2 are connected to the outer support 1. Each fixed beam 2 is provided with piezoelectric material 3, which is lead zirconate titanate ceramic or fiber composite piezoelectric material 3, and is pasted on the end, mid-span, or entire length of the fixed beam 2 to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect. The piezoelectric material 3 is also connected to at least one energy storage device, and the energy is applied by connecting the energy storage device to an electrical appliance. The connecting platform 4 is set between the two fixed beams 2, and the connecting platform 4 is provided with mounting holes 5. There are at least two connecting rods 6, arranged on both sides of the connecting platform 4. The two connecting rods 6 are symmetrical about the axis of the mounting hole 5. Each connecting rod 6 corresponds to one of the two fixed beams 2. One end of each connecting rod 6 is hinged to a fixed beam 2, and the other end is hinged to the connecting platform 4. A blunt body 7 is vertically inserted into the connecting platform 4 through the mounting hole 5 and is detachably connected to the connecting platform 4. Preferably, the two can be connected by bolts, facilitating fixing and disassembly. Preferably, the blunt body 7 can be configured as an axisymmetric structure, including but not limited to dumbbell, cylinder, or prism shapes. This axisymmetric characteristic of the blunt body 7 ensures the balance of mass adjustment.
[0023] This device, through the design of connecting rod 6 and fixed beam 2, converts wind-induced low-frequency vibration into high-frequency vibration of the fixed beam 2, enabling the piezoelectric material 3 to generate electricity more efficiently at high frequencies. Specifically, the blunt body 7 generates low-frequency vibration under wind excitation, which drives the connecting platform 4 to generate inertial force. This inertial force is amplified by connecting rod 6 and drives the fixed beam 2 to generate large-amplitude vibration. The angle α of connecting rod 6 changes, where α is the angle between connecting rod 6 and the x-axis. By reducing the angle, the inertial force is amplified. Using the formula F / 2sinα, it can be seen that the smaller the angle, the greater the amplification of the inertial force, driving the fixed beam 2 to generate high-frequency forced vibration. The fixed beam 2 causes the piezoelectric material 3 to deform, and the piezoelectric material 3 outputs more charge under high-frequency vibration, that is, realizing the conversion of mechanical energy generated by vibration into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect. Thus, by up-converting the low-frequency vibration into high-frequency piezoelectric unit vibration, higher electrical energy is output at low wind speeds, solving the problem of "low output power under weak vibration excitation".
[0024] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a mass adjustment assembly is installed on the connecting platform 4. This assembly includes ferromagnetic blocks 8 and moving magnets 9. Two ferromagnetic blocks 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting platform 4. Each ferromagnetic block 8 has multiple moving magnets 9 attached to it, and the number of moving magnets 9 on both ferromagnetic blocks 8 is consistent. Specifically, the ferromagnetic blocks 8 are made of low-carbon steel and are fixed to both sides of the platform with bolts. The moving magnets 9 are made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, and each ferromagnetic block 8 has multiple moving magnets 9 attached to it, with the number adjustable between 2 and 4. The number of moving magnets 9 on both ferromagnetic blocks 8 is consistent to balance the mass. During adjustment, the moving mass can be fine-tuned by increasing or decreasing the number of moving magnets 9 or by replacing them with magnets of different masses, thus optimizing the vibration response under low wind speeds.
[0025] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, link 6 is a telescopic structure used to adjust its length. Link 6 can be composed of an inner tube and an outer tube. The inner tube can slide inside the outer tube and is fixed in position using a locking screw. During adjustment, the screw is loosened, the length is adjusted, and then it is tightened. For example, shortening link 6 can reduce angle α, thereby increasing the amplification factor of inertial force and adapting to different wind speed conditions.
[0026] See Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a connecting plate 11 is provided at the end of the connecting rod 6 away from the connecting platform 4. The connecting plate 11 is hinged to the connecting rod 6. An insertion hole 12 is provided on the connecting plate 11, and the fixed beam 2 is inserted into the insertion hole 12. A fastening bolt is screwed onto the side wall of the insertion hole 12, passing through the side wall of the insertion hole 12 and abutting against the fixed beam 2. During assembly, the hinge position between the connecting rod 6 and the fixed beam 2 can be adjusted as needed. Generally, the length ratio from the connection point of the connecting rod 6 and the fixed beam 2 to both ends of the fixed beam 2 is 1:(1~2). The hinge point is located using pre-marked graduations on the fixed beam 2. The ratio affects the strain distribution of the beam: a 1:1 ratio results in uniform strain; a 1:2 ratio amplifies the end strain by 20%, increasing piezoelectric output. The ratio selection is based on wind speed. A 1:1 ratio is used at high wind speeds to reduce stress concentration.
[0027] Furthermore, the length ratio of the blunt body 7 on the upper and lower sides of the connecting platform 4 is 1:(1~5). Specifically, the ratio is achieved by adjusting the insertion depth of the blunt body 7. Tests show that a 1:5 ratio increases the vibration amplitude by 30% when the wind speed is <3m / s, due to the increased inertia of the lower long arm. During implementation, the position is calibrated and fixed afterward.
[0028] See Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, two fixed magnets 10 are installed on both sides of the outer support 1, corresponding one-to-one with the two ferromagnetic blocks 8, and are fixedly connected to the outer support 1. The fixed magnets 10 are glued to the reserved grooves in the outer support 1 using epoxy resin adhesive, and the distance between the fixed magnets 10 and the moving magnets 9 is adjustable. The fixed magnets 10 and the moving magnets 9 generate nonlinear magnetic forces, and adjusting their distance can optimize the potential energy function. This allows the system to enter a quasi-zero stiffness state, with the stiffness coefficient approaching zero. The quasi-zero stiffness characteristic absorbs low-frequency vibrations, making the device more sensitive to low-frequency inputs. This avoids the "dead zone" problem of traditional cantilever beams under weak excitation. Thus, it achieves higher power output at low wind speeds and solves the problem of "low output power under weak vibration excitation".
[0029] Furthermore, one or both ends of the fixed beam 2 are respectively provided with axial force driving components. The axial force driving components are preferably hydraulic cylinders or telescopic rods. The axial force driving components are used to apply axial force to one or both ends of the fixed beam 2. The axial force can also adjust the potential energy function of the device, thereby making the device exhibit quasi-zero stiffness and multi-steady-state characteristics.
[0030] Furthermore, the potential energy curve can be altered by changing the length of link 6, the axial force, or the parameters of moving magnet 9 and fixed magnet 10, creating multiple stable equilibrium points. For example, shortening the length of link 6 or increasing the axial force can induce multistable states, allowing the fixed beam 2 to maintain its amplitude during wind speed fluctuations. The axial force drive component can also employ a micro stepper motor to apply preload at low wind speeds, causing the system to enter a bistable state. Utilizing multistable characteristics, the fixed beam 2 maintains a large amplitude vibration over a wide wind speed range. The collection efficiency remains stable over a wide wind speed range, and the power output increases rather than decreases at low wind speeds.
[0031] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed beam, comprising an outer support (1), a fixed beam (2), and a piezoelectric material (3), characterized in that, There are two fixed support beams (2) arranged opposite each other. Both ends of the fixed support beams (2) are connected to the outer support (1). Each fixed support beam (2) is provided with piezoelectric material (3). The device also includes: A connecting platform (4) is set between the two fixed support beams (2); Two connecting rods (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting platform (4), and the two connecting rods (6) correspond one-to-one with the two fixed beams (2). One end of the connecting rod (6) is hinged to the fixed beam (2), and the other end is hinged to the connecting platform (4). A blunt body (7) is vertically inserted into the connecting platform (4) and is detachably connected to the connecting platform (4); When in use, the blunt body (7) generates wind-induced vibration under wind excitation. The vibration drives the connecting platform (4) to generate inertial force. The inertial force drives the fixed support beams (2) on both sides to deform through the amplification effect of the connecting rod (6). Under the deformation, the piezoelectric material (3) realizes the conversion of mechanical energy generated by vibration into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect.
2. The wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection platform (4) is equipped with a mass adjustment component, which includes a ferromagnetic block (8) and a moving magnet (9). Two ferromagnetic blocks (8) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connection platform (4). Each ferromagnetic block (8) is attached with multiple moving magnets (9), and the number of moving magnets (9) on the two ferromagnetic blocks (8) is consistent.
3. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (6) is a telescopic structure.
4. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blunt body (7) is an axisymmetric structure, including but not limited to dumbbell shape, cylinder or prism.
5. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting plate (11) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (6) away from the connecting platform (4). The connecting plate (11) is hinged to the connecting rod (6). A plug hole (12) is provided on the connecting plate (11). The fixed support beam (2) is inserted into the plug hole (12). A fastening bolt is screwed into the side wall of the plug hole (12). The fastening bolt passes through the side wall of the plug hole (12) and abuts against the fixed support beam (2).
6. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length ratio from the connection point of the connecting rod (6) to the two ends of the fixed beam (2) is 1:(1~2).
7. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length ratio of the blunt body (7) located on the upper and lower sides of the connecting platform (4) is 1:(1~5).
8. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 2, characterized in that, Fixed magnets (10) are fixedly connected to both sides of the outer support (1), and the two fixed magnets (10) correspond one-to-one with the two ferromagnetic blocks (8).
9. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, One or both ends of the fixed support beam (2) are respectively provided with an axial force driving component, which is used to apply an axial force perpendicular to the vibration direction of the blunt body (7) to one or both ends of the fixed support beam (2).
10. A wind energy harvesting and power generation device based on a fixed-support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric material (3) is a lead zirconate titanate ceramic or fiber composite piezoelectric material (3), which is pasted on the end, mid-span or the entire length of the fixed beam (2) to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the piezoelectric effect.