Prefabricated side column concrete assembly of photovoltaic flexible support system

Abstract

The invention provides a prefabricated assembly type photovoltaic flexible support system side column concrete assembly, and relates to the field of mountain photovoltaic construction. The device comprises a concrete top assembly and a concrete base assembly which are matched up and down and are factory prefabricated parts; the concrete base assembly is arranged in a sinking groove of the rammed earth layer, a plurality of embedded screws penetrate through the two assemblies and stretch into the rammed earth layer, and the concrete base assembly, the concrete base assembly and the rammed earth layer are connected into a whole by pouring concrete into the sinking groove. Protruding blocks and grooves are arranged between the assemblies for positioning, the supporting columns and the prefabricated supporting columns bear force, a pull rope sensor is further arranged for monitoring deformation, and a cushion block is adjusted to adjust the level. The mountainous region photovoltaic flexible support side column construction method reduces mountainous region concrete transportation and on-site pouring amount, improves installation precision and structural stability, avoids deformation hidden dangers and is suitable for mountainous region photovoltaic flexible support side column construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mountain photovoltaic construction technology, specifically to a prefabricated assembled photovoltaic flexible support system with side column concrete components. Background Technology

[0002] In mountainous photovoltaic systems, the uneven terrain makes it impossible to install photovoltaic panels using rigid supports with fixed spacing, as is the case on flat ground. Flexible supports are used, where columns are installed between protruding parts of the mountain, and flexible cables are used to connect the columns for panel installation. Traditional flexible photovoltaic support systems often use on-site cast-in-place concrete foundations for the end columns to support the weight and tension of the panels on the flexible cables. However, in mountainous or complex terrain areas, concrete transportation is difficult, requiring small-scale transfer equipment, resulting in high material loss and low efficiency. Furthermore, long-distance transportation may cause premature setting of the concrete, affecting pouring quality and increasing construction costs.

[0003] More importantly, the concrete foundation poured on-site requires a long curing period to reach its design strength. However, when photovoltaic projects have tight schedules, it is often necessary to apply steel cable pre-tensioning before the concrete has fully solidified and the stress has been fully released. This condition causes the concrete foundation to bear additional tensile forces, which may lead to cracking or structural damage, reducing overall stability and durability.

[0004] In existing technologies, modular precast concrete structures have been applied in the construction field. However, in photovoltaic flexible support systems, there is still a lack of targeted solutions for achieving rapid assembly of the base and reliable integration with embedded parts, while simultaneously considering convenient transportation in mountainous areas and structural strength. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a precast assembled edge column concrete component to overcome the limitations of on-site casting and improve construction efficiency and quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a prefabricated assembled photovoltaic flexible support system side column concrete component, so as to solve the problem that the existing mountain photovoltaic flexible support requires a large amount of concrete formwork and concrete pouring on the mountain, and the insufficient transportation capacity on the mountain can easily lead to the initial setting of concrete and thus the decline in the pouring quality.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A prefabricated photovoltaic flexible support system includes a side column concrete component, comprising an upper and lower concrete top component and a concrete base component. The concrete base component is placed in a sinking trench on a rammed earth layer and is positioned in conjunction with the upper concrete top component. Multiple pre-embedded screws penetrate the concrete top component and the concrete base component and extend into the rammed earth layer at the bottom of the sinking trench, and are pre-embedded by concrete pouring. The concrete top component and the concrete base component are prefabricated components, and are connected to the pre-embedded screws into a whole by pouring concrete into the sinking trench.

[0007] The concrete top component is provided with a positioning protrusion at its bottom, and the concrete base component is provided with a positioning groove on its top that matches the positioning protrusion. The positioning protrusion is embedded in the positioning groove to achieve precise positioning of the concrete top component and the concrete base component. The bottom of the concrete top component is provided with a support column that connects to the positioning protrusion, forming a support structure between the concrete top component and the concrete base component.

[0008] The aforementioned concrete top component includes a front fixing seat component, a rear anchor seat component, and a connecting seat component. The front fixing seat component and the rear anchor seat component are respectively located at both ends of the connecting seat component to form an integral prefabricated structure. The concrete top component has multiple top screw through holes, which pass through the front fixing seat component and the rear anchor seat component to allow pre-embedded screws to pass through.

[0009] Both the aforementioned front fixing base assembly and rear anchor base assembly have through holes for pulling ropes. The pulling rope holes are connected to the lower pulling rope tubes. The pulling rope holes and pulling rope tubes are used for the pulling rope of the pulling rope sensor to pass through and connect to the concrete base assembly below.

[0010] The aforementioned connecting seat assembly has a pouring hole that runs through the top and bottom, which is used to pour concrete into the sinking trough below.

[0011] The aforementioned concrete base assembly includes a precast base block, on which a base screw hole is provided that corresponds one-to-one with the top screw hole of the concrete top assembly, and the base screw hole penetrates through the precast base block.

[0012] The aforementioned precast base block has a pull rope anchor hole on one side, a pull rope end fixing groove on one side of the pull rope anchor hole, and a pull rope fixing end post in the pull rope end fixing groove. The pull rope anchor hole and the pull rope through tube of the concrete top component are aligned vertically to allow the pull rope of the pull rope sensor to enter.

[0013] When the aforementioned positioning protrusion is embedded in the positioning groove, the end face of the pull rope through the tube is sealed with the upper end face of the pull rope anchor hole.

[0014] The precast base block is provided with a precast support column on top. The precast support column is used to increase the contact area between the concrete and the concrete top component and the concrete base component during pouring. The precast support column is arranged around the positioning groove.

[0015] A pull rope sensor is provided between the concrete top component and the concrete base component. The pull rope sensor includes a sensor body and a pull rope. The sensor body is installed on one side of the pull rope through hole at the top of the concrete top component. The pull rope is pulled out from the sensor body, turned by the rotating support, and then enters the pull rope through hole. A bracket is fixedly connected to the end of the pull rope. The bracket has a through hole for hooking the pull rope to the fixed end column. The rotating support abuts against the side wall of the precast column of the concrete base component to achieve tension support of the pull rope.

[0016] The aforementioned pull rope sensor has at least two sets, respectively set at both ends of the concrete top component and the concrete base component; the pull rope sensor is also electrically connected to an early warning module, which receives the tension detection data of the pull rope sensor, and triggers an early warning when the detection data exceeds a preset threshold. The detection data and early warning information are transmitted to a remote end through network communication.

[0017] The precast base block of the concrete base assembly is provided with an adjustment pad between the bottom of the precast base block and the bottom of the sinking trough. The adjustment pad is a rigid pad with replaceable thickness. By increasing or decreasing the number of adjustment pads or replacing them with adjustment pads of different thicknesses, and in conjunction with the level instrument, the levelness of the concrete base assembly and the concrete top assembly can be adjusted. There are at least three adjustment pads, which are evenly distributed at the corners of the bottom of the precast base block.

[0018] The height of the precast support column is adapted to the height of the support column of the concrete top component; the gap between the pre-embedded screw and the hole of the top screw and the hole of the base screw is filled with grout, and after the grout cures, the pre-embedded screw is tightly connected to the concrete top component and the concrete base component; the side wall of the precast support column is also provided with concave and convex textures to enhance the bonding force with the poured concrete.

[0019] The aforementioned embedded screw passes through the concrete base assembly and the concrete top assembly and extends out from the concrete top assembly. The bottom of the photovoltaic bracket side column on the front fixing seat assembly at the front end of the concrete top assembly is fixedly connected to the embedded screw, and the bottom of the anchor on the rear anchor assembly at the rear end is fixedly connected to the embedded screw.

[0020] The aforementioned anchor base and photovoltaic support side column are anchored together by anchor cables. The top of the photovoltaic support side column is provided with a horizontal photovoltaic panel mounting cable. The end of the photovoltaic panel mounting cable is anchored to the top of the photovoltaic support side column. The photovoltaic panel mounting cable is used to install the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] The walls of the aforementioned sinking trough are coated with a waterproof polyurethane waterproof coating with a thickness of not less than 1.5 mm. The depth of the sinking trough is 1.2-1.5 times the height of the concrete base assembly to ensure that there is still enough space to pour concrete after the concrete base assembly is placed. A drainage slope with a slope of 3-5° is provided on the rammed earth layer corresponding to the perimeter of the sinking trough to prevent rainwater from accumulating in the sinking trough.

[0022] The bottom of the aforementioned embedded screw is provided with a barb structure, which consists of protrusions evenly distributed along the circumference of the embedded screw to enhance the bonding force between the embedded screw and the rammed soil layer and the poured concrete; the top of the embedded screw is provided with a nut, which abuts against the top of the concrete top component, and the embedded screw is pre-fixed by tightening the nut; the embedded screw is made of high-strength threaded steel with a yield strength of not less than 345MPa.

[0023] The prefabricated photovoltaic flexible support system mentioned in this invention comprises a side column concrete component, consisting of a concrete top and a base component prefabricated in the factory. On-site, the base is placed in a rammed earth layer under a sinkhole, and pre-embedded bolts penetrate both components into the rammed earth layer. Concrete is then poured to connect them as a whole. Features include protrusion-groove positioning, rope sensor monitoring, and adjusting pads for leveling, enhancing structural connection and monitoring. This reduces the amount of concrete transported and poured on-site in mountainous areas, improves installation accuracy, avoids stress concentration and deformation risks, extends service life, and reduces maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the side column structure of an existing flexible photovoltaic support system; Figure 2 Side view of an existing cast-in-place concrete support structure; Figure 3 A top view of an existing cast-in-place concrete support structure; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the precast concrete component assembly for the side columns of the photovoltaic flexible support system in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the concrete top component and the concrete base component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly of the concrete top component and the concrete base component in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the concrete top component structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the concrete top component in this invention; Figure 9 This is a bottom view of the concrete top component in this invention; Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the concrete base assembly structure in this invention; Figure 11 This is a right view of the concrete base assembly in this invention; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Sectional view of AA; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pull-rope sensor in this invention.

[0025] The components include: 1. Rammed earth layer; 2. Cast-in-place concrete support; 3. Front fixed seat; 4. Rear anchor seat; 5. Connecting seat; 6. Photovoltaic bracket side column; 7. Anchor seat; 8. Pre-embedded bolt; 9. Sinking seat; 10. Concrete top component; 11. Front fixed seat component; 12. Rear anchor seat component; 13. Connecting seat component; 14. Casting hole; 15. Top bolt through hole; 16. Pull rope through hole; 17. Support column; 18. Positioning protrusion; 19. Pull rope through pipe; 20. Concrete base component; 20. Precast base block; 3. Positioning groove; 4. Bottom. 903. Screw rod through hole; 904. Precast support column; 905. Cable anchor hole; 906. Cable end fixing groove; 907. Cable fixing end column; 10. Sinking trough; 11. Concrete pouring; 12. Hanger; 13. Cable; 14. Rotating support; 15. Cable sensor; 16. Screw positioning template; 161. Screw positioning hole; 17. Adjustment mold; 171. Extended support column; 172. Adjustment work platform; 173. Adjustment positioning protrusion; 18. Embedded hole; 19. Adjustment pad; 20. Level; 21. Pressure block; 22. Casting enclosure; 23. Photovoltaic panel installation cable. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] A prefabricated photovoltaic flexible support system side column concrete component includes an upper concrete top component 8 and a lower concrete base component 9 that fit together. The concrete base component 9 is placed in a sinking groove 10 on a rammed earth layer 1 and is positioned in conjunction with the upper concrete top component 8. Multiple pre-embedded screws 6 pass through the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9 and extend into the rammed earth layer 1 at the bottom of the sinking groove 10. They are pre-embedded by pouring concrete. The concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9 are prefabricated components and are connected to the pre-embedded screws 6 into a whole by pouring concrete into the sinking groove 10.

[0028] like Figure 1-3The diagram shows a schematic of the existing photovoltaic flexible support system's side column structure. The cast-in-place concrete supports 2 are constructed by on-site formwork followed by concrete pouring. This requires formwork fabrication at the side column locations. After formwork fabrication, a large amount of concrete is transported up and down the mountain to pour all the cast-in-place concrete supports 2 at the side columns in one go. Therefore, extensive formwork and concrete pouring work is necessary on-site. However, the uneven terrain of the mountain makes unified transportation difficult, leading to initial setting of the concrete during transport and reducing the quality of the pouring. Furthermore, the formwork fabrication is time-consuming, and extreme weather conditions can damage the completed formwork. Additionally, once the concrete supports are poured, their horizontal, lateral, and vertical positions are fixed and cannot be adjusted. The final quality is highly dependent on the quality of the formwork fabrication.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, in the existing photovoltaic flexible support system, the photovoltaic panel is installed on the photovoltaic panel mounting cable 23. The photovoltaic support side column 3 serves as the main load-bearing component at both ends of the photovoltaic panel mounting cable 23. Due to the self-weight of the photovoltaic panel and the cable, a large amount of lateral tension is borne. In order to counteract the lateral tension, the anchor cable 5 is pre-tightened between the anchor seat 4 at the rear end of the concrete support and the photovoltaic support side column 3. This structure causes the anchor seat 4 and the concrete support at the lower end of the photovoltaic support side column 3 to be subjected to a long-term compressive force towards the middle, which will cause the two ends of the concrete support to generate an upward curling force. On site, this also leads to the phenomenon of concrete support deformation. However, the existing system cannot detect and warn of this phenomenon.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, this is the prefabricated assembly structure of this application. Both the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9 are prefabricated in batches, allowing for pre-control of the casting quality. On-site, only the portion within the sinkhole 10 needs to be cast to connect the concrete top component 8, the concrete base component 9, and the pre-embedded screw 6 into a whole. Furthermore, the pads 19 under the concrete base component 9 can be adjusted to level the final concrete top component 8. Casting is then performed after leveling to ensure the overall installation effect. This invention significantly reduces on-site casting volume. Prefabrication of concrete components provides overall quality, and leveling through assembly improves the precision of the final product. Additionally, a pull-rope sensor installed between the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9 can detect deformation between the front and rear ends, enabling trend sensing, monitoring, and early warning. In fact, Figure 4 To make the illustration clearer, the concrete base component 9 and the sinking trough 10 are shown in an enlarged format. The actual precast components on site are much smaller than those shown in the illustration, and the amount of concrete poured is very small.

[0031] exist Figure 1In the traditional method, the stress points of the cast-in-place concrete support 2 are at the front and rear ends. The concrete poured by the connecting seat 203 contributes very little to the tensile force, so the concrete poured close to the ground is actually quite wasteful. In this application, the concrete top component 8, the concrete base component 9 and the pre-embedded screw 6 can be connected as one unit by pouring into the sinking trough 10. There is no need to pour below the connecting seat component 803 on the concrete top component 8, which can slim down the structure and reduce the amount of on-site pouring.

[0032] The above-mentioned prefabricated concrete construction greatly reduces the amount of on-site pouring. With the supply of small transport vehicles suitable for mountain photovoltaics, prefabricated concrete components can be transported to the work area in advance without interfering with the transportation capacity during pouring.

[0033] The concrete top component 8 is provided with a positioning protrusion 808 at its bottom, and the concrete base component 9 is provided with a positioning groove 902 that is adapted to the positioning protrusion 808 at its top. The positioning protrusion 808 is embedded in the positioning groove 902 to achieve precise matching and positioning of the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9. The bottom of the concrete top component 8 is provided with a support column 807 that connects to the positioning protrusion 808, forming a support structure between the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9.

[0034] Precise positioning is achieved through a "protrusion-groove" combination. The positioning protrusion 808 at the bottom of the concrete top component 8 and the positioning groove 902 at the top of the concrete base component 9 form a fitting structure with a gap of ≤0.5mm, ensuring that the axes are aligned during installation. At the same time, the support column 807 at the bottom of the top component connects with the positioning protrusion 808 to form a multi-point support structure, dispersing the vertical load transmitted by the top component. The combination of the positioning protrusion and groove shortens the component installation alignment time to less than 10 minutes, while traditional formwork alignment requires 30-40 minutes, improving construction efficiency. The support column 807 can distribute the vertical load to multiple stress points of the base component, avoiding local stress concentration, increasing the vertical load-bearing capacity of the component by 20%, and preventing the base from cracking during long-term use.

[0035] like Figure 5-9 As shown, the concrete top component 8 includes a front fixing seat component 801, a rear anchor component 802, and a connecting seat component 803. The front fixing seat component 801 and the rear anchor component 802 are respectively disposed at both ends of the connecting seat component 803 to form an integral prefabricated structure. The concrete top component 8 has multiple top screw through holes 805, which pass through the front fixing seat component 801 and the rear anchor component 802 for the pre-embedded screws 6 to pass through.

[0036] The concrete top component 8 adopts a "three-component integrated prefabrication" structure. The front fixing seat component 801 and the rear anchor seat component 802 are located at both ends of the connecting seat component 803, respectively. The three components are cast in the factory in one go to ensure the integrity of the structure. The top screw through hole 805 passes through the front and rear anchor seat components, so that the pre-embedded screw 6 can directly connect the anchor seat and the base when it passes through, forming a longitudinal force transmission path of "screw-anchor seat-base". The integrated prefabrication structure avoids the splicing gap between the anchor seat and the connecting seat in traditional on-site casting, improving the overall structure integrity by 30% and reducing the risk of rainwater infiltration. The cooperation between the top screw through hole 805 and the pre-embedded screw 6 allows the lateral tension from the photovoltaic panel mounting cable to be directly transmitted to the pre-embedded screw through the anchor seat, and then distributed to the rammed soil layer, avoiding local overload of the top component and extending its service life.

[0037] Both the aforementioned front fixed base assembly 801 and rear anchor assembly 802 are provided with through-holes 806 for pulling ropes. The pull rope holes 806 are connected to the lower pull rope tubes 809. The pull rope holes 806 and pull rope tubes 809 are used for the pull rope of the pull rope sensor 15 to pass through and connect to the concrete base assembly 9 below.

[0038] A through hole 806 for the pull rope is made between the front fixed seat assembly 801 and the rear anchor assembly 802, forming a closed channel with the lower pull rope tube 809. The pull rope 13 of the pull rope sensor 15 can be connected to the concrete base assembly 9 below through this channel. The inner wall of the channel is smooth with a roughness Ra≤1.6μm, reducing friction loss during the movement of the pull rope. The closed channel protects the pull rope 13 from rainwater and sand erosion, extending the service life of the pull rope to more than 5 years, while the service life of traditional exposed pull ropes is only 2-3 years. At the same time, the channel guides the pull rope, ensuring that the pull rope is always in the preset force direction, so that the sensor detection error is controlled within ±2%, improving the deformation monitoring accuracy.

[0039] The aforementioned connecting seat assembly 803 has a pouring hole 804 that runs through the top and bottom, and the pouring hole 804 is used to pour concrete into the sinking trough 10 below.

[0040] The pouring hole 804 on the connecting seat assembly 803 adopts a funnel-shaped structure with a smaller upper diameter and a larger lower diameter. The upper diameter is 50mm and the lower diameter is 80mm. During secondary pouring on site, concrete can quickly flow into the sinking tank 10 through the pouring hole. The funnel-shaped structure prevents concrete from accumulating and clogging at the hole opening. At the same time, the pouring holes 804 are symmetrically distributed to ensure that the concrete fills the space in the tank evenly. The funnel-shaped pouring holes increase the concrete pouring speed by 40% and avoid the clogging problem of traditional straight hole pouring. The symmetrically distributed pouring holes ensure that the concrete density in the tank is uniform, with a density of ≥98%, reducing local stress concentration caused by uneven density and reducing the probability of component cracking.

[0041] like Figure 10-12 As shown, the concrete base assembly 9 includes a precast base block 901. The precast base block 901 has a base screw hole 903 that corresponds one-to-one with the top screw hole 805 of the concrete top assembly 8. The base screw hole 903 passes through the precast base block 901.

[0042] The precast base block 901 of the concrete base assembly 9 has base screw through holes 903 that correspond one-to-one with the through holes 805 of the top screw of the top assembly. The diameter of the through holes is 2-3mm larger than the diameter of the pre-embedded screw 6, which facilitates the insertion of the screw and leaves a grouting gap. The through holes penetrate the precast base block 901, allowing the pre-embedded screw 6 to extend directly into the rammed soil layer 1 to form a deep anchorage. The one-to-one correspondence of the through holes ensures that the axis of the pre-embedded screw 6 is aligned during installation, avoiding uneven stress caused by screw tilting. The reserved grouting gap can be filled with high-strength grout with a compressive strength ≥60MPa, which increases the connection strength between the screw and the base assembly by 50% and prevents the screw from loosening.

[0043] The aforementioned precast base block 901 has a pull rope anchor hole 905 on one side, a pull rope end fixing groove 906 on one side of the pull rope anchor hole 905, a pull rope fixing end post 907 in the pull rope end fixing groove 906, and the pull rope anchor hole 905 and the pull rope through tube 809 of the concrete top component 8 are aligned vertically to allow the pull rope of the pull rope sensor 15 to enter.

[0044] The pull rope anchor hole 905 on one side of the prefabricated base block 901 corresponds vertically to the pull rope tube 809 of the top component, with a coaxiality error ≤0.5mm. The pull rope 13 can enter the pull rope end fixing groove 906 through the anchor hole and connect with the pull rope fixing end post 907 in the groove. The fixing end post 907 is made of stainless steel with a galvanized surface to enhance rust resistance. The vertically corresponding anchor hole and tube ensure that the pull rope 13 is subjected to the same force direction, avoiding detection errors caused by pull rope bending. The rust-proof treatment of the pull rope fixing end post 907 and the protective function of the groove reduce the corrosion risk of the pull rope fixing end by 60%, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the sensor.

[0045] When the aforementioned positioning protrusion 808 is embedded in the positioning groove 902, the end face of the pull rope tube 809 is sealed with the upper end face of the pull rope anchor hole 905.

[0046] When the positioning protrusion 808 is embedded in the positioning groove 902, the end face of the pull rope tube 809 is tightly fitted with the upper end face of the pull rope anchor hole 905, with a fitting gap of ≤0.1mm, forming a sealed structure. At the same time, a rubber sealing ring is provided on the end face to further enhance the sealing effect and prevent rainwater and dust from entering the channel. The sealed structure effectively blocks external impurities from entering the pull rope channel, avoiding pull rope corrosion and channel blockage. The maintenance cycle of the pull rope sensor 15 is extended to more than 1 year, while the maintenance cycle of the traditional non-sealed structure is only 3-6 months. At the same time, the rubber sealing ring can buffer the impact force during component installation, protect the end face of the tube and the anchor hole, and reduce the risk of damage.

[0047] The precast base block 901 is provided with a precast support column 904 on its top. The precast support column 904 is used to increase the contact area between the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9 during pouring. The precast support column 904 is arranged around the positioning groove 902.

[0048] The precast support column 904 on the top of the precast base block 901 is set around the positioning groove 902, adopting a "cylindrical + surface textured" structure, with a diameter of 50mm, a height of 80mm, and a texture depth of 3mm. During on-site pouring, the concrete can wrap around the precast support column, forming an interlocking structure of "support column-concrete", increasing the contact area by 2 times compared to a structure without support column. The interlocking structure increases the strength of the connection between the top component and the base component through concrete by 40%, avoiding separation of the upper and lower components due to long-term stress. The surface textured pattern further enhances the adhesion between the concrete and the support column, preventing concrete peeling and improving the overall structural stability.

[0049] like Figure 13 As shown, a pull rope sensor 15 is provided between the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9. The pull rope sensor 15 includes a sensor body and a pull rope 13. The sensor body is installed on one side of the pull rope through hole 806 at the top of the concrete top component 8. The pull rope 13 is pulled out from the sensor body and enters the pull rope through hole 806 after being turned by the rotating support 14. A bracket 12 is fixedly connected to the end of the pull rope 13. The bracket 12 has a through hole for hooking with the fixed end post 907 of the pull rope. The rotating support 14 abuts against the side wall of the precast support column 904 of the concrete base component 9 to achieve tension support of the pull rope 13.

[0050] The sensor body of the pull rope sensor 15 is installed on the top of the top component. The pull rope 13 is rotated by the rotating support 14 and enters the pull rope through hole 806. The rotating support 14 abuts against the side wall of the precast support column 904 to form a tension support point. The hanger 12 at the end of the pull rope is hooked to the pull rope fixing end column 907 through the through hole. The hook adopts a "double hole positioning" structure to ensure that the pull rope is firmly fixed. The support of the rotating support 14 keeps the pull rope in a taut state at all times, with tension fluctuation ≤5%, avoiding detection failure caused by pull rope slack. The double hole positioning hook structure increases the fixation strength of the pull rope by 30%, preventing the pull rope from falling off and ensuring that the sensor can monitor component deformation in real time.

[0051] The aforementioned pull rope sensor 15 is provided in at least two sets, respectively corresponding to the two ends of the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9; the pull rope sensor 15 is also electrically connected to an early warning module, which receives the tension detection data of the pull rope sensor 15, and triggers an early warning when the detection data exceeds a preset threshold. The detection data and early warning information are transmitted to a remote end through network communication.

[0052] Two sets of tension sensors 15 are respectively set at both ends of the component, forming a "two-end monitoring" layout, which can simultaneously detect the deformation of the front and rear ends of the component. The sensors are electrically connected to the early warning module, which has a built-in data processing chip. It can compare the real-time detected tension data with a preset threshold. When the threshold is exceeded, an early warning message is sent through sound and light, and remote communication via 4G / 5G. The two-end monitoring layout can accurately determine the direction of component deformation, such as the front end tilting upward and the rear end sinking, with a deformation positioning accuracy of ≤5mm. The early warning module has a graded early warning system with Level 1 and Level 2, which can detect structural hazards in advance and avoid sudden damage. The remote communication function allows managers to monitor the equipment status in real time and reduce the frequency of on-site inspections.

[0053] An adjusting pad 19 is provided between the bottom of the precast base block 901 of the concrete base assembly 9 and the bottom of the sinking trough 10. The adjusting pad 19 is a rigid pad with replaceable thickness. By increasing or decreasing the number of adjusting pads 19 or replacing adjusting pads 19 with different thicknesses, and in conjunction with the level 20 for detection, the levelness of the concrete base assembly 9 and the concrete top assembly 8 can be adjusted. There are at least three adjusting pads 19, which are evenly distributed at the corners of the bottom of the precast base block 901.

[0054] The adjusting pads 19 at the bottom of the concrete base assembly 9 are rigid pads with replaceable thicknesses of 5mm, 10mm, and 20mm. They are evenly distributed in 3-4 pieces at the bottom corners of the precast base block 901. With the help of a level 20, the levelness of the base can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of pads or changing their thickness. The adjusting pads allow the levelness of the base to be adjusted within a range of ±5mm, which is suitable for the slight slope of mountainous terrain ≤3°. Compared with the problem that traditional on-site casting cannot be adjusted, this greatly improves the adaptability of the component installation. The evenly distributed pads ensure the base is balanced under force and prevent the base from tilting during the adjustment process.

[0055] The height of the precast support column 904 is adapted to the height of the support column 807 of the concrete top component 8; the gap between the embedded screw 6 and the top screw through hole 805 and the base screw through hole 903 is filled with grout, and after the grout cures, the embedded screw 6 is tightly connected to the concrete top component 8 and the concrete base component 9; the side wall of the precast support column 904 is also provided with concave and convex textures to enhance the bonding force with the poured concrete.

[0056] The height of the precast support column 904 is matched with the height of the top component support column 807, with an error of ≤1mm. After the two come together, they form a rigid support, preventing the component from sinking during pouring. The gap between the pre-embedded screw 6 and the perforation is filled with high-strength grout with a flowability of ≥300mm. After the grout cures, it is tightly bonded to the screw and the perforation, forming a composite force transmission structure of "screw-grout-component". The concave and convex texture on the side wall of the precast support column 904 increases the bonding area with the concrete. The matched support column height ensures no vertical displacement after the component is installed, and the pouring quality is stable. The grout increases the connection strength between the screw and the component by 50%, preventing the screw from loosening. The concave and convex texture increases the bonding force between the support column and the concrete by 30%, preventing concrete spalling and enhancing the overall structural stability.

[0057] The aforementioned pre-embedded screw 6 passes through the concrete base assembly 9 and the concrete top assembly 8 and extends out from the concrete top assembly 8. The bottom of the photovoltaic bracket side column 3 on the front fixing seat assembly 801 at the front end of the concrete top assembly 8 is fixedly connected to the pre-embedded screw 6, and the bottom of the anchor seat 4 on the rear anchor assembly 802 at the rear end is fixedly connected to the pre-embedded screw 6.

[0058] The pre-embedded screw 6 passes through the base and the top component and extends from the top. The bottom of the photovoltaic bracket side column 3 is connected to the screw of the front fixed seat component 801 by bolts. The bottom of the anchor 4 is also connected to the screw of the rear anchor component 802, forming a rigid connection of "screw-fixed seat-side column / anchor". The screw is made of high-strength threaded steel with a yield strength ≥345MPa to ensure load-bearing capacity. The rigid connection structure controls the installation error of the side column and the anchor within ±3mm, improving the overall flatness of the photovoltaic bracket system. The high-strength screw can withstand a lateral tensile force of more than 80kN, meeting the load requirements of large photovoltaic panel arrays. The load-bearing capacity of traditional screws is only 50-60kN.

[0059] The aforementioned anchor 4 and photovoltaic support side column 3 are anchored together by anchor cable 5. The top of the photovoltaic support side column 3 is provided with a horizontal photovoltaic panel mounting cable 23. The end of the photovoltaic panel mounting cable 23 is anchored to the top of the photovoltaic support side column 3. The photovoltaic panel mounting cable 23 is used to install the photovoltaic panel.

[0060] Anchor 4 is anchored to the photovoltaic support side column 3 via anchor cable 5. Anchor cable 5 is made of high-strength steel strand (tensile strength ≥1860MPa), and the preload is set to 70% of the design value, forming a lateral force balance system of "side column-anchor cable-anchor seat". The end of the photovoltaic panel mounting cable 23 is anchored to the top of the side column. The mounting cable is made of galvanized steel cable with a diameter of 12mm and coated with an anti-corrosion coating to enhance durability. The lateral force balance system can offset the lateral tension transmitted by the photovoltaic panel mounting cable, preventing the side column from tilting. The lateral displacement of the side column is controlled within ≤2mm. The anti-corrosion coating extends the service life of the mounting cable to more than 10 years, reducing the cost of replacement later.

[0061] The walls of the aforementioned sinking trough 10 are provided with a waterproof coating, which is a polyurethane waterproof coating with a thickness of not less than 1.5 mm. The depth of the sinking trough 10 is 1.2-1.5 times the height of the concrete base component 9, ensuring that there is still enough space to pour concrete after the concrete base component 9 is placed. A drainage slope is provided on the rammed earth layer 1 around the sinking trough 10, with a slope of 3-5°, to prevent rainwater from accumulating in the sinking trough 10.

[0062] The walls of the sinking trough 10 are coated with polyurethane waterproof coating with a thickness of ≥1.5mm to form a continuous waterproof membrane, preventing rainwater from seeping into the rammed earth layer 1 and causing foundation settlement; the depth of the sinking trough is 1.2-1.5 times the height of the base component, ensuring that there is still enough space to fill with concrete after the base is placed, with a filling height of ≥50mm; the drainage slope around the rammed earth layer has a slope of 3-5° to guide rainwater to flow away from the sinking trough and avoid rainwater accumulation; The bottom of the aforementioned embedded screw 6 is provided with a barb structure, which consists of protrusions evenly distributed around the circumference of the embedded screw 6, to enhance the bonding force between the embedded screw 6 and the rammed soil layer 1 and the poured concrete; the top of the embedded screw 6 is provided with a nut, which abuts against the top of the concrete top component 8, and the embedded screw 6 is pre-fixed by tightening the nut; the embedded screw 6 is made of high-strength threaded steel with a yield strength of not less than 345MPa.

Claims

1. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly, characterized by, The concrete top assembly (8) and the concrete base assembly (9) are matched with each other, the concrete base assembly (9) is arranged in a sinking groove (10) on a rammed earth layer (1) and is matched and positioned with the upper concrete top assembly (8), a plurality of embedded screw rods (6) penetrate through the concrete top assembly (8) and the concrete base assembly (9) and are embedded by pouring concrete into the rammed earth layer (1) at the bottom end of the sinking groove (10), the concrete top assembly (8) and the concrete base assembly (9) are prefabricated assembly parts, and the two are connected into a whole with the embedded screw rods (6) by pouring concrete into the sinking groove (10).

2. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the concrete top assembly (8) is provided with a positioning protrusion (808), the top of the concrete base assembly (9) is provided with a positioning groove (902) matched with the positioning protrusion (808), the positioning protrusion (808) is embedded in the positioning groove (902) to realize accurate matching and positioning of the concrete top assembly (8) and the concrete base assembly (9), and the bottom of the concrete top assembly (8) is provided with a support column (807) connected with the positioning protrusion (808), so as to form a support structure between the concrete top assembly (8) and the concrete base assembly (9).

3. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concrete top assembly (8) comprises a front fixed seat assembly (801), a rear anchor seat assembly (802) and a connecting seat assembly (803), the front fixed seat assembly (801) and the rear anchor seat assembly (802) are arranged at two ends of the connecting seat assembly (803) respectively to form an integral prefabricated structure, and a plurality of top screw rod through holes (805) are formed in the concrete top assembly (8) and penetrate through the front fixed seat assembly (801) and the rear anchor seat assembly (802) to be used for the embedded screw rods (6) to pass through.

4. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front fixed seat assembly (801) and the rear anchor seat assembly (802) are both provided with penetrating pull rope through holes (806) which are communicated with pull rope penetrating pipes (809) at the lower end, and the pull rope through holes (806) and the pull rope penetrating pipes (809) are used for the pull rope of the pull rope sensor (15) to pass through and be connected with the concrete base assembly (9) below.

5. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting seat assembly (803) is provided with pouring holes (804) penetrating up and down, and the pouring holes (804) are used for pouring concrete into the sinking groove (10) below.

6. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The concrete base assembly (9) comprises a prefabricated base block (901), and the prefabricated base block (901) is provided with base screw rod through holes (903) corresponding to the top screw rod through holes (805) of the concrete top assembly (8) one by one, and the base screw rod through holes (903) penetrate through the prefabricated base block (901).

7. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, One side of the prefabricated base block (901) is provided with a pull rope anchor hole (905), one side of the pull rope anchor hole (905) is provided with a pull rope end fixed groove (906), the pull rope end fixed groove (906) is provided with a pull rope fixed end column (907), and the pull rope anchor hole (905) and the pull rope penetrating pipe (809) of the concrete top assembly (8) are used for the pull rope of the pull rope sensor (15) to enter.

8. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The end face of the pull rope pipe (809) is sealed with the upper end face of the pull rope anchor hole (905) when the positioning protrusion (808) is embedded in the positioning groove (902).

9. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top of the prefabricated base block (901) is provided with a prefabricated support column (904), which is used to increase the contact area of the concrete between the concrete top component (8) and the concrete base component (9) during pouring, and the prefabricated support column (904) is arranged around the positioning groove (902).

10. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The concrete top component (8) and the concrete base component (9) are provided with a pull rope sensor (15), which includes a sensor body and a pull rope (13). The sensor body is installed on one side of the pull rope through hole (806) at the top of the concrete top component (8), the pull rope (13) is pulled out from the sensor body and turned through the rotating support (14) to enter the pull rope through hole (806), and the end of the pull rope (13) is fixedly connected with a hanging rack (12) provided with a through hole for hanging and buckling with the pull rope fixed end column (907). The rotating support (14) abuts against the side wall of the prefabricated support column (904) of the concrete base component (9), so as to realize the tensioning support of the pull rope (13).

11. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 10, characterized in that, The pull rope sensor (15) is provided with at least two groups, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the concrete top component (8) and the concrete base component (9). The pull rope sensor (15) is further electrically connected with a warning module, which receives the tension detection data of the pull rope sensor (15), triggers a warning when the detection data exceeds a preset threshold, and transmits the detection data and warning information to a remote end through network communication.

12. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 11, characterized in that, The prefabricated base block (901) of the concrete base component (9) is provided with an adjusting pad (19) between the bottom of the prefabricated base block (901) and the groove bottom of the sinking groove (10). The adjusting pad (19) is a rigid pad with replaceable thickness. By increasing or decreasing the number of adjusting pads (19) or replacing adjusting pads (19) with different thicknesses, the levelness adjustment of the concrete base component (9) and the concrete top component (8) is realized by cooperating with the level meter (20) detection. The adjusting pad (19) is provided with at least three pieces, which are uniformly distributed at the corner positions of the bottom of the prefabricated base block (901).

13. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that, The height of the prefabricated support column (904) is matched with the height of the support column (807) of the concrete top component (8). The gap between the embedded screw rod (6) and the top screw rod through hole (805) and the base screw rod through hole (903) is filled with grouting material. After the grouting material is solidified, the embedded screw rod (6) is tightly connected with the concrete top component (8) and the concrete base component (9). The side wall of the prefabricated support column (904) is further provided with concave-convex patterns to enhance the bonding force with the cast-in-place concrete.

14. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that, The embedded screw rod (6) penetrates through the concrete base component (9) and the concrete top component (8) and extends out of the concrete top component (8). The bottom of the photovoltaic support side column (3) on the front fixed seat component (801) at the front end of the concrete top component (8) is fixedly connected with the embedded screw rod (6), and the bottom of the anchor seat (4) on the rear anchor seat component (802) at the rear end is fixedly connected with the embedded screw rod (6).

15. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 14, characterized in that, The anchor base (4) and the photovoltaic support side column (3) are connected by anchor cables (5), the top of the photovoltaic support side column (3) is provided with a transverse photovoltaic panel mounting cable (23), the end of the photovoltaic panel mounting cable (23) is connected with the top of the photovoltaic support side column (3), and the photovoltaic panel mounting cable (23) is used for mounting photovoltaic panels.

16. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 15, wherein, The sink groove (10) is provided with a waterproof coating, the waterproof coating is polyurethane waterproof paint, and the thickness is not less than 1.5 mm; the depth of the sink groove (10) is 1.2-1.5 times the height of the concrete base assembly (9), so that there is still enough space for pouring concrete after the concrete base assembly (9) is put in; the periphery of the rammed earth layer (1) corresponding to the sink groove (10) is provided with a drainage slope, the slope of the drainage slope is 3-5°, and rainwater is prevented from accumulating in the sink groove (10).

17. A pre-fabricated photovoltaic flexible support system edge column concrete assembly according to claim 16, wherein, The bottom of the embedded screw rod (6) is provided with a barb structure, the barb structure is a convex spine uniformly distributed along the circumference of the embedded screw rod (6), the combination of the embedded screw rod (6) with the rammed earth layer (1) and the poured concrete is enhanced, the top of the embedded screw rod (6) is provided with a nut, the nut abuts against the top of the concrete top assembly (8), the embedded screw rod (6) is pre-fixed by tightening the nut, and the embedded screw rod (6) is made of high-strength threaded steel material, and the yield strength is not less than 345 MPa.

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