Railway ballast scrap punching and screening structure and railway ballast scrap punching and screening method for ballast track

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway ballast chipping impact screening structure and method for a ballast track, and the railway ballast chipping impact screening structure for the ballast track comprises a railway ballast filtering layer, a ballast chipping impact screening layer, a ballast chipping impact screening layer, a ballast chipping impact screening layer, a ballast chipping impact screening layer and a ballast chipping impact screening layer, and the ballast chipping impact screening layer is arranged below a ballast bed of the ballast track; the flushing cavity is arranged between a ballast bed of the ballast track and a lower foundation; railway ballast chips in the ballast bed fall into the flushing cavity through the railway ballast filtering layer; and the flushing device is used for flushing the railway ballast chippings falling into the flushing cavity and discharging the railway ballast chippings out of the ballast bed along the flushing water flow direction. According to the technical scheme, on the premise that the whole bulk ballast bed structure is not disturbed, stone ballast chippings generated by ballast abrasion and dirt such as external dust in the ballast bed can be cleaned and removed, and a good track foundation is provided for safe and comfortable driving. And meanwhile, the needed operation space is small, and the method is matched with the existing bridge and tunnel structure technology and is very suitable for the operation scene with the limited space.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of track engineering, in particular to a ballast fragment flushing screen structure for ballast track and a ballast fragment flushing screen method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ballast track is widely used in domestic and foreign railways and urban rail transit, and its ballast bed structure is composed of ballast rock discrete particles, which form a bearing result by the complex stress system between particles. However, when the train travels for a long time, the ballast fragments will inevitably be crushed and pulverized, and the fine fragment particles will gradually settle in the lower part of the ballast bed, causing the hardening of the entire ballast bed structure and affecting the stress system and service performance of the track structure. In addition, the deposition of fine particles will also block the water permeability of the original granular ballast bed, thereby seriously affecting the operation safety.

[0003] The existing ballast fragment cleaning method is to use large-scale screen cleaning machinery for planned screen cleaning operation. The working principle is to remove the ballast as a whole, then use machinery outside the ballast bed to screen out fine particle pollutants, and then backfill the large particle ballast into the ballast bed range. In the whole process, the ballast is removed and then filled back to the track range after screening out fine particles. However, this method needs to move the original ballast, and the machinery is large in size, which is almost impossible to use in urban rail transit. Moreover, since the ballast is removed and then filled back, the interlocking relationship between the ballast fragments is rearranged, which will damage the stability of the ballast track, and other tamping and stabilizing machinery need to be used for joint operation, further increasing the maintenance and repair cost.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a ballast fragment flushing screen scheme for ballast track to solve the problems of large ballast migration and large operation space. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, in a first aspect, the present application provides a ballast fragment flushing screen structure for ballast track to reduce the flushing screen operation space and avoid the whole ballast migration, which comprises:

[0006] A ballast filtering layer is arranged below the ballast bed of the ballast track.

[0007] A flushing cavity is arranged between the ballast bed and the lower foundation of the ballast track. The ballast fragments in the ballast bed fall into the flushing cavity through the ballast filtering layer.

[0008] A flushing device flushes the ballast fragments falling into the flushing cavity and discharges the ballast fragments to the outside of the ballast bed along the direction of the flushing water flow.

[0009] Preferably, the ballast filtering layer comprises:

[0010] a rigid screen, which screens and filters the ballast debris.

[0011] Preferably, the ballast debris flushing structure further comprises:

[0012] a track bed support structure, which is arranged between the track bed and the lower foundation.

[0013] Further preferably, the track bed support structure comprises:

[0014] a support shell, which is arranged between the track bed and the lower foundation; and

[0015] the support shell is a hollow structure and has a filter hole at the top; the hollow structure forms the flushing cavity, and the filter hole screens and filters the ballast debris.

[0016] Further preferably, the track bed support structure comprises:

[0017] a plurality of support columns and a base plate;

[0018] the base plate is arranged on the lower foundation of the ballasted track, and the plurality of support columns are arranged between the ballast filter layer and the base plate to support the track bed and the ballast filter layer.

[0019] Preferably, the flushing device comprises:

[0020] a first flushing pipe, which has a water outlet arranged in the flushing cavity;

[0021] the liquid flowing out of the first flushing pipe flushes the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity and makes the ballast debris follow the flushing water flow direction to be discharged out of the track bed.

[0022] Further preferably, a drainage ditch is arranged in the flushing cavity.

[0023] the flushing direction of the water flow of the first flushing pipe corresponds to the position of the drainage ditch, so that the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity is flushed by the water flow out of the first flushing pipe, the water flow converges into the drainage ditch, and is discharged out of the track bed through the drainage ditch.

[0024] Further preferably, the flushing device further comprises:

[0025] a second flushing pipe, which has a water outlet arranged in the drainage ditch;

[0026] the water flow out of the second flushing pipe flushes the ballast debris gathered in the drainage ditch and makes the ballast debris follow the flushing water flow direction to be discharged out of the track bed.

[0027] Further preferably,

[0028] The first flushing pipe is arranged on both sides of the flushing cavity, and the drainage ditch is arranged in the center of the flushing cavity.

[0029] The through inspection well is arranged in the middle of the ballast bed, and the second flushing pipe vertically penetrates the inspection well.

[0030] Further preferably, the flushing device further comprises:

[0031] The flushing pipe traction equipment is arranged outside the ballast bed and forms a traction force on the first flushing pipe; when the flushing pipe traction equipment moves along the moving track direction outside the ballast bed, the first flushing pipe is driven to move in the flushing cavity.

[0032] Further preferably, the flushing pipe traction equipment forms a traction force on the first flushing pipe through magnetic attraction.

[0033] Further preferably, the ballast debris flushing screen structure further comprises:

[0034] The ballast retaining wall is arranged on the side of the ballast bed and forms a stop for the ballast bed; and

[0035] The ballast retaining wall is a hollow structure; and the flushing pipe traction equipment moves in the hollow structure of the ballast retaining wall.

[0036] In a second aspect, the application also provides a ballast debris flushing screen method for a ballast track, the method comprising:

[0037] A ballast filter layer and a flushing cavity are formed between the ballast bed and the lower foundation of the ballast track, so that the ballast debris in the ballast bed falls into the flushing cavity through the ballast filter layer;

[0038] The ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity is flushed, so that the ballast debris is discharged to the outside of the ballast bed along the direction of the flushing water flow.

[0039] Preferably, the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity is flushed, so that the ballast debris is discharged to the outside of the ballast bed along the direction of the flushing water flow, comprising:

[0040] The ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity is transversely flushed from both sides of the bottom of the ballast bed, so that the ballast debris is gathered into the drainage ditch in the flushing cavity;

[0041] The ballast debris in the drainage ditch is longitudinally flushed until the ballast debris in the drainage ditch is discharged to the outside of the ballast bed.

[0042] According to the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track provided in the application, the ballast filtering layer can filter ballast fragments that do not meet the size requirements, then the flushing cavity is used to collect the ballast fragments, and finally the flushing device is used to remove the ballast fragments, so that the application can clean and remove the dirt such as ballast fragments generated by ballast wear and external dust in the track bed under the premise of not disturbing the entire bulk track bed structure, thereby ensuring the reasonable stiffness and damping of the track bed and maintaining the good dynamic smoothness of the track bed to provide a good track foundation for safe and comfortable driving. Meanwhile, the application requires a small operation space and is matched with the current bridge and tunnel structure technology, and is very suitable for limited operation scenes.

[0043] Other features and advantages of the application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are intended to provide further understanding of the present application, and the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their description serve the explanation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track is a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0046] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the ballast fragment flushing flow of the ballast track is a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0047] Figure 3 The partial structure diagram of the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track is a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0048] Figure 4 The flowchart of the ballast fragment flushing method of the ballast track is a preferred embodiment of the application.

[0049] Figure 1: ballast filtering layer; 2: flushing cavity; 21: drainage ditch; 31: first flushing pipe; 32: second flushing pipe; 33: inspection well; 34: flushing pipe traction device; 35: ballast retaining wall; 41: support column; 42: base plate; 100: track bed; 200: lower foundation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0051] Firstly, the application provides a ballast fragment flushing screen structure of a ballast track, which can clean, collect and remove the dirt in the track bed without disturbing the original ballast in the track bed structure. As shown in the figure, the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track comprises a ballast filtering layer 1, a flushing cavity 2 and a flushing device. Figure 1 The ballast filtering layer 1 is arranged on the track bed 100, and the flushing cavity 2 is arranged below the track bed 100. The flushing cavity 2 is connected to the ballast filtering layer 1 through the drainage ditch 21.

[0052] The ballast filter layer 1 is arranged under the ballast track bed 100 to filter out ballast that does not meet the size requirements from the bottom of the track bed. The flushing cavity 2 is arranged between the ballast track bed 100 and the lower foundation 200, and the formation of the cavity structure includes but is not limited to the following methods: distributing short column supports, longitudinal and transverse grid supports, prefabricating the lower cavity, or fixing the side of other structures, as long as the ballast track bed structure can be "lifted up" to form a certain cavity space under the track bed 100.

[0053] The ballast debris in the track bed 100 will continue to deposit downward under the vibration effect of the train, and finally fall into the flushing cavity 2 through the ballast filter layer 1 at the lower part of the track bed 100. When this structure is applied to a bridge, the flushing effect of natural rainwater will accelerate this process; when applied in a tunnel, the flushing track bed work of maintenance and repair will also accelerate the process of ballast debris falling into the lower cavity. And the distribution of ballast debris falling into the lower flushing cavity 2 is close to uniform distribution, so it is necessary to collect the debris through certain technical means and then uniformly discharge it. Therefore, the flushing device is also designed to flush the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity 2 and discharge the ballast debris following the direction of the flushing water flow to the outside of the track bed 100.

[0054] That is, by using the ballast debris flushing screen structure of the ballast track provided by the present application, only a small layer of cavity space needs to be arranged at the bottom of the track bed, and then the ballast debris in the space is uniformly gathered and discharged by using water flow, which can complete the ballast debris flushing screen of the entire track. This method has less disturbance to the entire track and requires less operation space, and is very suitable for limited space application scenarios such as urban rail transit.

[0055] For the ballast filter layer 1, it can be composed of a rigid screen, which screens and filters the ballast debris at the bottom of the track bed 100 that does not meet the size requirements through the grid of the rigid screen. Alternatively, the ballast filter layer 1 can be a filter hole directly opened above the flushing cavity 2, which is not limited by the present application.

[0056] For the formation of the flushing cavity 2, in one specific embodiment, the ballast debris flushing screen structure further comprises: a track bed support structure arranged between the track bed 100 and the lower foundation 200, which supports the track bed 100 based on the lower foundation 200 to form the flushing cavity 2.

[0057] The track bed support structure can specifically include: a support shell made of concrete or other solid materials. The support shell is arranged between the track bed 100 and the lower foundation 200, and the support shell itself is a hollow structure with a filter hole at the top. The filter hole at the top forms the ballast filter layer 1, and the hollow structure forms the flushing cavity 2 to screen and filter the ballast debris through the filter hole.

[0058] Alternatively, the ballast support structure comprises a plurality of support columns 41 and a base plate 42. The base plate 42 is arranged on the lower foundation 200 of the ballast track, and the plurality of support columns 41 are arranged between the ballast filter layer 1 and the base plate 42 to support the ballast 100 and the ballast filter layer 1. The ballast filter layer 1 here can be a filter layer composed of rigid screens.

[0059] For the flushing device, the flushing device comprises a first flushing pipe 31, the water outlet of the first flushing pipe 31 is arranged in the flushing cavity 2, the liquid flowing out of the first flushing pipe 31 flushes the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity 2, and the ballast debris is discharged out of the ballast bed 100 along the direction of the flushing water flow.

[0060] It can be understood that the water outlet of the first flushing pipe 31 is arranged in the flushing cavity 2, but the position of the water inlet can be arranged as needed. In a specific embodiment, the first flushing pipe 31 comprises a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe, and the first flushing pipe 31 is integrally formed in the shape of an inverted T. The vertical pipe is arranged in the same direction as the steel rail, and comprises a plurality of water outlets. The horizontal pipe is detachably or non-detachably connected to the vertical pipe at one end, and the other end is a water inlet connected to an external water source. The flushing water is pressurized and introduced into the vertical pipe through the horizontal pipe, and the plurality of water outlets in the vertical pipe uniformly and with sufficient pressure flush the flushing cavity 2 along the direction perpendicular to the line. Here, the vertical pipe does not need to be arranged along the entire line, but only needs to be arranged according to the length of the vertical pipe. When it is necessary to clean the ballast debris on the entire line, the vertical pipe can be moved along the line by an external force to complete the cleaning of the ballast debris on the required section. The embodiment of the external force pushing the first flushing pipe 31 is described below.

[0061] In addition, in order to better collect the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity 2, a drainage ditch 21 is arranged in the flushing cavity 2, and the drainage ditch 21 is arranged in the same direction as the steel rail. The flushing direction of the water flow of the first flushing pipe 31 corresponds to the position of the drainage ditch 21, so that the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity 2 is flushed and gathered into the drainage ditch 21 by the water flow of the first flushing pipe 31, and then discharged out of the ballast bed 100 through the drainage ditch 21.

[0062] It can be understood that the arrangement of the drainage ditch 21 can be determined according to the formation of the flushing cavity. For example, a drainage ditch can be formed at the bottom of the support shell, and the vertical pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 is located on the upper surface of the inner cavity of the support shell, so that the ballast debris flows into the drainage ditch from high to low naturally following the water flow; for example, a drainage ditch is formed between two base plates, and the vertical pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 is located on the upper surface of the base plate, so that the ballast debris flows into the drainage ditch from high to low naturally following the water flow.

[0063] In some road sections with slope, the slope of the drain ditch 21 is the same as the slope of the road section, so that the ballast debris can be naturally discharged along the water flow in the drain ditch 21. In some flat road sections, the flushing device can further include a second flushing pipe 32. The water outlet of the second flushing pipe 32 is arranged in the drain ditch 21, and another water flow force is formed in the drain ditch 21, so that the water flow in the second flushing pipe 32 flushes the ballast debris collected in the drain ditch 21 and discharges the ballast debris along the direction of the flushing water flow to the outside of the track bed 100.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, the first flushing pipe 31 is arranged on both sides of the flushing cavity 2, and the drain ditch 21 is arranged in the center of the flushing cavity 2. The first flushing pipe 31 can flush the ballast debris from both sides of the flushing cavity 2 to the central drain ditch 21. A through inspection well 33 is arranged in the middle of the track bed 100, the second flushing pipe 32 vertically penetrates the inspection well 33, and the bottom of the second flushing pipe 32 has a bend structure. The bend can guide the direction of the water flow, so that the ballast debris is discharged along the direction of the drain ditch 21. Here, the arrangement position of the inspection well 33 can be arranged according to the specific road condition and the length of the longitudinal pipe of the first flushing pipe 31. Since the first flushing pipe 31 is movable, the second flushing pipe 32 can be arranged according to the moving position of the first flushing pipe 31. When flushing is needed at a certain position, the corresponding inspection well 33 in the position is inserted, so that the flushing device can flush the required area "section by section".

[0065] As for the moving mode of the first flushing pipe 31, the flushing device further includes a flushing pipe traction device 34 arranged outside the track bed 100 to form a traction force on the first flushing pipe. The flushing pipe traction device 34 can be a trolley with a power system. When the flushing pipe traction device 34 moves along the moving track direction outside the track bed 100, the first flushing pipe 31 is driven to move in the flushing cavity 2. In a specific embodiment, the flushing pipe traction device 34 and the first flushing pipe 31 can be connected by magnetic attraction. When the flushing pipe traction device 34 with a magnet and the first flushing pipe 31 are close to each other, the magnetic poles will generate magnetic attraction, so that the flushing pipe traction device 34 can attract and drive the first flushing pipe 31 to move. Of course, the flushing pipe traction device 34 and the first flushing pipe 31 can also be connected by other modes, which are not limited in the present application.

[0066] In addition, the present application can further include a ballast retaining wall 35. The ballast retaining wall 35 is a hollow structure arranged on the side of the track bed 100, so that the flushing pipe traction device 34 can move in the hollow structure of the ballast retaining wall 35. The ballast retaining wall 35 is arranged close to the side of the track bed 100, which not only can stop the track bed 100, but also can provide a walking channel for the flushing pipe traction device 34.

[0067] It can be understood that if the ballast wall 35 forms a stop to the ballast bed 100, only the part of the ballast wall 35 adjacent to the ballast bed 100 needs to form a stop, and the part of the ballast wall 35 adjacent to the flushing cavity 2 below the ballast bed 100 can be provided with an opening so that the flushing pipe traction device 34 and the first flushing pipe 31 can be retracted and accessed.

[0068] The ballast debris flushing screen structure of the ballast track provided by the present application is introduced above, and each mechanism in the structure is organically coordinated to realize the functions of flushing, collecting and removing the dirt in the ballast gap along the designated path within the ballast bed. The general process of the movement of the ballast debris when the structure is used for flushing will be introduced in detail below.

[0069] Figures 2-3 The arrow direction indicates the flow direction of the ballast debris. The ballast debris that does not meet the size requirements will fall into the flushing cavity 2 after being filtered by the ballast filter layer 1 from the ballast bed 100. The ballast wall 35 is provided with an opening at every interval, and the first flushing pipe 31 and the flushing pipe traction device 34 are placed at the area to be flushed through the opening. The longitudinal pipe and the transverse pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 are detachably connected. After the longitudinal pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 is placed, the transverse pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 is connected. After the water inlet of the transverse pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 is opened, the uniformly distributed water outlets in the longitudinal pipes of the first flushing pipe 31 on both sides of the flushing cavity 2 will form a transverse water flow from the flushing cavity 2 to the drainage ditch 21 on the cushion plate 42, and the ballast debris falling on the cushion plate 42 will be flushed to the drainage ditch 21. In this process, the flushing pipe traction device 34 can pull the first flushing pipe 31 to move back and forth in the opening of the ballast wall 35 or pull the first flushing pipe 31 to a fixed position, so that the first flushing pipe 31 can spray the ballast debris as needed. In addition, the second flushing pipe 32 is placed in the inspection well 33 in the flushing area, water is poured from the top of the second flushing pipe 32, and the water flow direction is guided by the elbow of the second flushing pipe 32 to form a longitudinal water flow in the drainage ditch 21, so as to push the ballast debris flowing into the drainage ditch 21 along the drainage ditch 21 in the required direction. When the flushing and screening of this section of the flushing area are completed, the longitudinal pipe and the transverse pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 can be detached, and the transverse pipe, the flushing pipe traction device 34 and the second flushing pipe 32 can be removed and moved to the next position to be flushed. The flushing pipe traction device 34 can attract the longitudinal pipe of the first flushing pipe 31 to move to the same position at the next position. After one or more sections of flushing and screening are completed, the dirt will be pushed to the bridge drainage hole or the sewage pump house in the tunnel, thereby completing the operation of removing the dirt from the ballast body.

[0070] According to the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track provided in the application, the ballast filtering layer can filter ballast fragments that do not meet the size requirements, then the ballast fragments are collected through the flushing cavity, and finally the flushing device is used to remove the ballast fragments, so that the application has the effect of cleaning and removing the dirty substances such as ballast fragments generated due to ballast wear and external dust in the track bed without disturbing the entire bulk track bed structure, thereby ensuring the reasonable stiffness and damping of the track bed and maintaining the good dynamic smoothness of the track bed to provide a good track foundation for safe and comfortable driving. Meanwhile, the application requires a small operation space and is matched with the current bridge and tunnel structure technology, and is very suitable for limited operation scenes.

[0071] In addition, based on the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track, the application further provides a ballast fragment flushing method of the ballast track, as shown in the method, the method comprises steps 410-420: Figure 4

[0072] Step 410: A ballast filtering layer and a flushing cavity are arranged between the track bed of the ballast track and the lower foundation, so that the ballast fragments in the track bed fall into the flushing cavity through the ballast filtering layer;

[0073] Specifically, the way of arranging the ballast filtering layer and the flushing cavity includes but is not limited to the following ways: distributing short column support, longitudinal and transverse grid support, prefabricating the lower cavity, or fixing the side surface with other structures, and the specific implementation is as described above in the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track, which will not be repeated here.

[0074] Step 420: The ballast fragments falling into the flushing cavity are flushed to be discharged to the outside of the track bed along the direction of the flushing water flow;

[0075] Specifically, the transversely arranged water outlet in the longitudinally arranged flushing pipe can transversely flush the ballast fragments falling into the flushing cavity from both sides of the bottom of the track bed, so that the ballast fragments are gathered into the drainage ditch in the flushing cavity. Moreover, the longitudinal bend vertically inserted into the bottom of the flushing pipe of the track bed can longitudinally flush the ballast fragments in the drainage ditch until the ballast fragments in the drainage ditch are discharged to the outside of the track bed. The specific implementation is as described above in the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track, which will not be repeated here.

[0076] The preferred embodiments of the ballast fragment flushing method of the ballast track provided in the application, the technical problems solved by the ballast fragment flushing method of the ballast track and the technical effects achieved by the ballast fragment flushing method of the ballast track are the same as those of the ballast fragment flushing screen structure of the ballast track, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] ​The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details described in the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present application within the technical concept of the present application, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0078] In addition, it should be noted that each specific technical feature described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described again in the present application.

[0079] In addition, various different embodiments of the present application can also be combined in any manner, as long as it does not deviate from the idea of the present application, and it should also be considered as disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A ballast debris screening structure with a ballast track, characterized in that, The ballast debris screening structure includes: A ballast filter layer (1) is installed under the ballast track bed (100); A flushing cavity (2) is provided between the ballast track bed (100) and the lower foundation (200); ballast debris in the ballast track bed (100) falls into the flushing cavity (2) through the ballast filter layer (1); The flushing device flushes the ballast debris that falls into the flushing cavity (2) and discharges the ballast debris out of the track bed (100) following the direction of the flushing water flow.

2. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ballast filter layer (1) includes: A rigid screen, wherein the grid of the rigid screen screens and filters the ballast debris.

3. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ballast debris screening structure also includes: The track bed support structure is disposed between the track bed (100) and the lower foundation (200).

4. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The track bed support structure includes: A supporting shell is disposed between the track bed (100) and the lower foundation (200); and The supporting shell is a hollow structure with a filter hole at the top; the hollow structure forms the flushing cavity (2), and the filter hole screens and filters the ballast debris.

5. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The track bed support structure includes: Multiple support columns (41) and pads (42); The pad (42) is disposed on the lower foundation (200) of the ballast track, and the plurality of support columns (41) are disposed between the ballast filter layer (1) and the pad (42) to provide support for the track bed (100) and the ballast filter layer (1).

6. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flushing device includes: The first flushing pipe (31) has its outlet located in the flushing cavity (2). The liquid flowing out from the first flushing pipe (31) flushes the ballast debris that falls into the flushing cavity (2) and discharges the ballast debris out of the track bed (100) following the direction of the flushing water flow.

7. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, A drainage ditch (21) is provided in the flushing cavity (2); The water flow direction of the first flushing pipe (31) corresponds to the position of the drainage ditch (21), so that the ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity (2) is flushed by the water flow from the first flushing pipe (31) and the outflowing water flows into the drainage ditch (21) and is discharged to the outside of the track bed (100) through the drainage ditch (21).

8. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flushing device further includes: The second flushing pipe (32) has its outlet located in the drainage ditch (21); The water flowing out of the second flushing pipe (32) flushes the ballast debris collected in the drainage ditch (21) and discharges the ballast debris out of the track bed (100) following the direction of the flushing water flow.

9. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first flushing pipe (31) is disposed on both sides of the flushing cavity (2), and the drain ditch (21) is disposed in the center of the flushing cavity (2); A through-type inspection well (33) is provided in the middle of the track bed (100), and the second flushing pipe (32) passes vertically through the inspection well (33).

10. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flushing device further includes: A flushing pipe traction device (34) is set on the outside of the track bed (100) to generate traction force on the first flushing pipe; when the flushing pipe traction device (34) moves along the moving track direction on the outside of the track bed (100), it drives the first flushing pipe (31) to move in the flushing cavity (2).

11. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The flushing pipe traction device (34) generates a traction force on the first flushing pipe (31) through magnetic attraction.

12. The ballast debris screening structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The ballast debris screening structure also includes: A retaining wall (35) is provided on the side of the track bed (100) to provide a stop for the track bed (100); and The retaining wall (35) is a hollow structure; the flushing pipe traction device (34) moves within the hollow structure of the retaining wall (35).

13. A method for screening ballast debris from ballasted tracks, characterized in that, The method includes: A ballast filter layer and a flushing cavity are constructed between the ballast track bed and the sub-foundation, so that ballast debris in the track bed falls into the flushing cavity through the ballast filter layer. The ballast debris that falls into the flushing cavity is flushed, and the ballast debris is discharged out of the track bed along with the flushing water flow.

14. The method for screening ballast debris according to claim 13, characterized in that, The method involves flushing ballast debris that falls into the flushing cavity, causing the debris to be discharged outside the track bed along with the flushing water flow. The ballast debris falling into the flushing cavity is flushed laterally from both sides of the bottom of the track bed, so that the ballast debris gathers into the drainage ditch in the flushing cavity. The ballast debris in the drainage ditch is flushed longitudinally until it is discharged outside the track bed.

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