Shallow silo slip form device based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a BIM-based squat silo sliding formwork device and a construction method thereof.The BIM-based squat silo sliding formwork device comprises a door-shaped support, a lifting system, a formwork system and an operation platform system, a horizontal control rod is arranged on the door-shaped support and comprises a fixed section and a control section, and the fixed section is connected with the lifting system; the sliding formwork device comprises a door-shaped support, a fixed section and a control section, the fixed section is connected with a left supporting leg and a right supporting leg of the door-shaped support, the control section vertically extends into a concrete pouring cavity formed by the formwork system, a roller is further arranged on the control section, and the roller abuts against a squat silo wall reinforcement cage. The distance between the steel reinforcement framework and the concrete contact face of the formwork system can be effectively controlled, collision and friction between the formwork system and the steel reinforcement framework are avoided, and therefore the position accuracy and the structural stability of the steel reinforcement framework are guaranteed, and the pouring quality of concrete on the wall of the squat silo is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Slip-form construction technology is one of the important methods for industrialized construction of cast-in-place concrete structures, and it is widely used in the construction of tall structures such as silos, chimneys, and cooling towers. Its core principle is to use a hydraulic lifting system to make the formwork system slide continuously upward along the surface of the poured concrete, thereby achieving efficient and continuous concrete pouring and shaping.

[0003] During slipform construction of silos, the silo's reinforcing steel cage is located within the narrow concrete pouring space enclosed by the formwork system. As the formwork system slides upward, the silo's reinforcing steel cage is prone to collisions and friction with the formwork, leading to deformation and displacement of the reinforcing steel cage, which affects the load-bearing performance of the reinforcing steel and the overall quality of the concrete structure.

[0004] Therefore, how to prevent the template system from colliding with the silo reinforcement cage during the upward sliding process, ensure the stability and integrity of the reinforcement cage structure, and thus improve the construction quality of the concrete structure, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem in existing technologies of how to prevent the template system from colliding with the silo reinforcement cage during the upward sliding process, and to ensure the stability and integrity of the reinforcement cage structure, by providing a BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device and its construction method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device includes a portal frame, a lifting system, a template system, and an operating platform system. The portal frame spans across the silo wall structure and is spaced along the silo wall. The template system is connected to the left and right support legs of the portal frame, and the template system is used to form the pouring cavity for the concrete of the shallow circular silo wall; the operating platform system is arranged opposite to the outer side of the portal frame, and the operating platform system is used to provide operating space for construction personnel. The lifting system includes a support rod and a hydraulic jack. The central axis of the support rod coincides with the central axis of the portal frame. One end of the support rod is embedded in the concrete wall of the shallow circular silo, and the other end passes through the top of the portal frame. The hydraulic jack is connected to the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame. Through the action of the hydraulic jack, the portal frame can be raised along the support rod. A horizontal control rod is further provided on the portal support. The horizontal control rod includes a fixed section and a control section. The fixed section is connected to the left and right support legs of the portal support. The control section extends vertically into the concrete pouring cavity formed by the formwork system. A roller is further provided on the control section, and the roller abuts against the reinforcing steel bar framework of the silo wall of the shallow silo to control the spacing between the reinforcing steel bar framework and the concrete contact surface of the formwork system.

[0007] Preferably, a vertical control component is further provided at the top of adjacent portal supports. The control component includes a "J-shaped" support and a limiting rib. The "J-shaped" support is connected to the cross beam at the top of the portal support. The limiting rib spans between the "J-shaped" supports, and a limiting ring buckle is provided on the limiting rib. The vertical steel bars of the reinforcing steel bar framework of the silo wall of the shallow silo pass through the limiting ring buckle.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting ring buckle is set as a rectangular structure, and a sleeve is sleeved on each structural round bar of the limiting ring buckle, and the sleeve can roll on the structural round bar of the limiting ring buckle.

[0009] Preferably, the connection between the horizontal control rod and the vertical control component and the portal support is a separable connection fit.

[0010] Preferably, the operation platform system includes platform horizontal beams, platform diagonal braces and platform formwork. The platform horizontal beams are oppositely arranged on the sides of the portal support. The platform horizontal beams are arranged at intervals with the cross beam at the top of the portal support. One end of the inclined platform diagonal brace is connected to the bottom of the support leg of the portal support, and the other end is connected to the end of the platform horizontal beam. The platform formwork is laid on the platform horizontal beams.

[0011] Preferably, protective steel pipes are further provided at the ends of the platform horizontal beams, and protective nets are hung on the protective steel pipes. The protective steel pipes and the protective nets cooperate to form a protective barrier at the edge part of the operation platform system.

[0012] Preferably, the length of the protective steel pipe is adjustable.

[0013] Preferably, the formwork system includes an inner formwork, an outer formwork and backing ribs. The inner formwork corresponds to the inner concrete surface of the silo wall of the shallow silo, and the outer formwork corresponds to the outer concrete surface of the silo wall of the shallow silo. Multiple backing ribs are arranged in parallel along the height direction of the inner formwork and the outer formwork, and the backing ribs are used to reinforce the formwork. The formwork system further includes limiting ejector rods. The limiting ejector rods are arranged on the left and right support legs of the portal support, and the ends of the limiting ejector rods abut against the inner formwork and the outer formwork, and the limiting ejector rods abut against the lower part of the backing ribs.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-sectional width of the concrete pouring cavity for the shallow circular silo wall formed by the inner template and the outer template gradually decreases from the bottom to the top.

[0015] Preferably, the portal frame is further provided with an unloading component, which includes a load-bearing bracket, a supporting cantilever beam, and a load-bearing steel beam. The load-bearing bracket is located outside the left and right supporting legs of the portal frame, and the load-bearing bracket is spaced apart from the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame. The supporting cantilever beam and the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame are integral structures, and the length of the supporting cantilever beam extending beyond the side of the portal frame is at least matched with the length of the load-bearing bracket. The load-bearing steel beam and the load-bearing bracket are detachably connected, and the length of the load-bearing steel beam is greater than the sum of the distances between the three adjacent portal frames. The support rod is a hollow structure, and a plug is provided at the joint of the two support rod sections to close the channel connecting the two support rod sections; a limit rod is also provided on the plug, and the limit rod is located on one side of the free end of the support rod; the central axis of the limit rod is coincident with the central axis of the support rod. When center offset occurs during the slipform construction of the shallow circular silo, the bearing steel beam is installed on the portal frame, and then the support rod at the middle position is cut off, with the cut end of the support rod located below the crossbeam of the portal frame; Next, an auxiliary support rod is inserted into the support rod. The auxiliary support rod includes an abutment section and a bearing section. The abutment section has a limiting channel that matches the structural dimensions of the limiting rod. The abutment section is sleeved on the limiting rod, and its end abuts against the plug. The end of the bearing section extends beyond the end of the support rod. A threaded section is also provided between the abutment section and the bearing section. A bearing plate is provided at the cut-off portion of the support rod, and the diameter of the bearing plate is larger than the diameter of the support rod. The bearing plate and the threaded section are threadedly connected, and the bearing plate abuts against the end of the support rod above the cut-off portion. After the auxiliary support rod and the bearing plate are installed, concrete grout is poured into the support rod below the cut. After the concrete solidifies, the above operation is repeated. After all the support rods are cut and inserted into the auxiliary support rod, the correction operation for the center offset of the shallow circular silo and the subsequent slipform construction can be carried out.

[0016] The BIM-based slipform construction method for shallow circular silos includes the following steps: S1. Construction Preparation: Based on the construction drawings and actual site conditions, a three-dimensional model of the shallow circular silo is established using BIM technology. The installation position, size, and structure of the slipform device are simulated and optimized, and the installation drawings of the slipform device are output. S2. Foundation construction and silo wall reinforcement installation: Excavate, tie reinforcement and pour concrete for the shallow circular silo foundation according to design requirements; after the foundation construction is completed, tie reinforcement for the silo walls. S3. Slipform Installation: Based on the formed shallow circular silo, install the portal frame, lifting system, template system, operating platform system, horizontal control rod and vertical control components in sequence according to the output slipform installation drawings; S4. Equipment debugging and inspection: After the sliding formwork device is installed, the various functions of the sliding formwork device shall be debugged and inspected. S5. Concrete pouring and slipform construction: After the slipform device is debugged, the concrete for the shallow circular silo wall is poured; a layered pouring method is adopted, and the thickness of each layer of concrete is controlled within the set range to ensure the compactness of the concrete. S6. Slipform device lifting: After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, hydraulic jacks are used to drive each portal frame to climb up synchronously along the support rods, so as to realize the overall upward sliding of the formwork system; after the slipform device is lifted into place, the surface of the demolded concrete is simultaneously smoothed and cured. Repeat steps S5 and S6 until the concrete for the shallow circular silo wall is poured to the design elevation.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device of the present invention utilizes the roller on the horizontal control rod to abut against the steel reinforcement skeleton of the shallow circular silo wall. During the slipform device's lifting process, the distance between the steel reinforcement skeleton and the concrete contact surface of the formwork system can be effectively controlled, avoiding collisions and friction between the formwork system and the steel reinforcement skeleton. This ensures the positional accuracy and structural stability of the steel reinforcement skeleton, improving the pouring quality of the shallow circular silo wall concrete. Furthermore, in this embodiment, during the slipform device's lifting process, the roller rolls along the steel reinforcement skeleton, which not only reduces the friction between the horizontal control rod and the steel reinforcement skeleton, making the lifting process smoother, but also further reduces damage to the steel reinforcement skeleton, ensuring the pouring quality of the shallow circular silo wall concrete. 2. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device of the present invention, before the center offset correction operation is carried out in slipform construction, the support rod is cut off to eliminate the lateral pressure on the support rod below the cut, thereby preventing the lateral pressure from causing vertical cracks and deformation in the silo wall concrete after demolding, and ensuring the quality of the shallow circular silo wall concrete. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal control lever; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical control component; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve set on the limit ring buckle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slipform device used to correct center offset during the slipform construction of a shallow circular silo, after the support rods are cut. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing plate and auxiliary support rod at the cut end of the support rod. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contact section and the limiting rod in cooperation; Figure 8 This is a side view of the connection between the load-bearing steel beam and the portal frame. Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the first and second limiting strips installed on the support plate; Markings in the diagram: 1-Gantry support, 2-Lifting system, 3-Formwork system, 4-Operating platform system, 5-Support rod, 6-Hydraulic jack, 7-Horizontal control rod, 8-Fixed section, 9-Control section, 10-Roller, 11-Vertical control component, 12-"U"-shaped support, 13-Limiting rib, 14-Limiting ring, 15-Sleeve, 16-Platform horizontal beam, 17-Platform diagonal brace, 18-Platform formwork, 19-Protection 20-Steel pipe, 21-Protective netting, 22-Inner formwork, 23-Outer formwork, 24-Back brace, 25-Limiting top rod, 26-Unloading component, 27-Bearing bracket, 28-Supporting cantilever beam, 29-Bearing steel beam, 30-Limiting rod, 31-Auxiliary support rod, 32-Abutting section, 33-Bearing section, 34-Limiting channel, 35-Threaded section, 36-Bearing plate, 37-First limiting strip, 38-Second limiting strip. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely illustrates some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features and technical solutions in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. These terms are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Example 1: As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device of the present invention includes a portal frame 1, a lifting system 2, a template system 3 and an operating platform system 4. The portal frame 1 spans across the silo wall structure of the shallow circular silo and is spaced along the silo wall of the shallow circular silo. The template system 3 is connected to the left and right support legs of the portal frame 1. The template system 3 is used to form the concrete pouring cavity for the shallow circular silo wall. The operating platform system 4 is arranged opposite to the outer side of the portal frame 1. The operating platform system 4 is used to provide operating space for construction personnel. The lifting system 2 includes a support rod 5 and a hydraulic jack 6. The central axis of the support rod 5 coincides with the central axis of the portal frame 1. One end of the support rod 5 is embedded in the concrete wall of the shallow circular silo, and the other end passes through the top of the portal frame 1. The hydraulic jack 6 is connected to the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame 1. Through the action of the hydraulic jack 6, the portal frame 1 can be raised along the support rod 5. The portal frame 1 is also equipped with a horizontal control rod 7, which includes a fixed section 8 and a control section 9. The fixed section 8 is connected to the left and right support legs of the portal frame 1, and the control section 9 extends vertically into the concrete pouring cavity formed by the template system 3. A roller 10 is also provided on the control section 9, which abuts against the steel reinforcement skeleton of the shallow circular silo wall to control the distance between the steel reinforcement skeleton and the concrete contact surface of the template system 3.

[0026] When using the BIM-based slip form device for shallow silos described in the present invention, by using the rollers 10 on the horizontal control rod 7 to abut against the steel bar framework of the shallow silo wall, during the lifting process of the slip form device, the distance between the steel bar framework and the concrete contact surface of the formwork system 3 can be effectively controlled, avoiding collisions and frictions between the formwork system 3 and the steel bar framework, thereby ensuring the position accuracy and structural stability of the steel bar framework and improving the pouring quality of the concrete for the shallow silo wall. At the same time, in this embodiment, during the lifting process of the slip form device, the roller 10 rolls along the steel bar framework, which not only reduces the frictional force between the horizontal control rod 7 and the steel bar framework, making the lifting process smoother, but also further reduces the damage to the steel bar framework, ensuring the pouring quality of the concrete for the shallow silo wall.

[0027] Embodiment 2: As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, for the BIM-based slip form device for shallow silos described in the present invention, on the basis of the above method, further, a vertical control component 11 is further provided at the top of adjacent gantry supports 1. The control component includes a "channel" support 12 and a limiting rib 13. The "channel" support 12 is connected to the cross beam at the top of the gantry support 1, the limiting rib 13 spans between the "channel" supports 12, and a limiting ring buckle 14 is provided on the limiting rib 13. The vertical steel bars of the steel bar framework of the shallow silo wall pass through the limiting ring buckle 14.

[0028] The setting of the vertical control component 11 in this embodiment can accurately limit the position of the vertical steel bars of the steel bar framework of the shallow silo wall, preventing the vertical steel bars from shifting during the concrete pouring and the lifting process of the slip form device, thus further ensuring the overall stability and position accuracy of the steel bar framework.

[0029] As a preferred implementation method, on the basis of the above method, further, the limiting ring buckle 14 is set as a rectangular structure, and a sleeve 15 is sleeved on each structural round bar of the limiting ring buckle 14. The sleeve 15 can roll on the structural round bar of the limiting ring buckle 14. With this structural setting, when there is a relative displacement between the vertical steel bar and the limiting ring buckle 14, the rolling characteristic of the sleeve 15 can greatly reduce the frictional force between the vertical steel bar and the limiting ring buckle 14. This enables the vertical steel bar to move more smoothly in the limiting ring buckle 14, avoiding the situation where the vertical steel bar is bent or deformed due to excessive frictional force. Moreover, the rolling of the sleeve 15 can also reduce the wear between the limiting ring buckle 14 and the vertical steel bar, extending the service life of the vertical control component 11.

[0030] Embodiment 3: As Figures 1 to 4As shown, the BIM-based shallow circular silo sliding formwork device of the present invention, based on the above method, further includes a detachable connection between the horizontal control rod 7 and the vertical control component 11 and the portal frame 1.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the horizontal control rod 7 and the vertical control component 11 can be connected to the portal frame 1 by bolts, clips, or other means. This structural design facilitates the replacement of the horizontal control rod 7 and the vertical control component 11 after damage, improving the practicality of the invention in actual construction applications.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the operating platform system 4 further includes a platform horizontal beam 16, a platform diagonal brace 17, and a platform template 18. The platform horizontal beam 16 is arranged opposite to the side of the portal frame 1, and the platform horizontal beam 16 is spaced apart from the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame 1. One end of the platform diagonal brace 17 is connected to the bottom of the support leg of the portal frame 1, and the other end is connected to the end of the platform horizontal beam 16. The platform template 18 is laid on the platform horizontal beam 16.

[0033] In this embodiment, the platform horizontal beam 16 and the top crossbeam of the portal frame 1 are spaced apart, making the height of the operating platform more ergonomic and convenient for construction personnel to operate. Specifically, in this embodiment, the operating platform system 4 is a ring platform distributed inside and outside the shallow circular warehouse wall; the platform horizontal beam 16 is 8# channel steel, the platform diagonal brace 17 is 3# channel steel, the platform template 18 is 15mm plywood, and 40*70 square timber is also tied to the platform horizontal beam 16, and the platform template 18 is erected on the square timber.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, a protective steel pipe is further provided at the end of the platform horizontal beam 16, and a protective net 20 is hung on the protective steel pipe. The protective steel pipe and the protective net 20 cooperate to form a protective barrier at the edge of the operating platform system 4.

[0035] Specifically, the protective steel pipe is welded to the end of the horizontal beam 16 of the platform. The height of the protective steel pipe is ≥1.5m, and three horizontal steel pipes are installed along its height. The protective netting 20 is fully hung on the vertical surface of the protective steel pipe, and a toe board is installed below. This structural design effectively prevents construction personnel and tools from falling from the edge of the operating platform, reducing safety hazards during construction.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the length of the protective steel pipe 19 is further adjustable.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the template system 3 further includes an inner template 21, an outer template 22, and a back rib 23. The inner template 21 corresponds to the inner concrete surface of the shallow circular silo wall, and the outer template 22 corresponds to the outer concrete surface of the shallow circular silo wall. Multiple back ribs 23 are arranged parallel to the height direction of the inner template 21 and the outer template 22, and the back ribs 23 are used to reinforce the template. The template system 3 also includes a limiting top rod 24, which is disposed on the left and right support legs of the portal frame 1. The end of the limiting top rod 24 abuts against the inner template 21 and the outer template 22, and the limiting top rod 24 abuts against the bottom of the back rib 23.

[0038] In this embodiment, the template system 3 is constructed according to the "Technical Specification for Combined Steel Formwork" (GB / T50214-2013). The inner template 21 and the outer template 22 have specifications of 3000×1200mm, 1000mm×1200mm, or 200×1200mm. The templates are spliced ​​together using U-shaped clips (no less than 2 per splice) and tied to the surrounding ring with 12# iron wire through holes. The inner template 21 and the outer template 22 are each provided with a back rib at the top and bottom. The back rib is 200mm from the top edge of the template and 300mm from the bottom edge. The spacing between the back ribs is 500mm. All back ribs are made of No. 8 channel steel.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, based on the above method, the cross-sectional width of the shallow circular silo wall concrete pouring cavity formed by the inner template 21 and the outer template 22 gradually decreases from bottom to top. With this structural arrangement, the inner template 21 and the outer template 22 combine to form a tapered pouring cavity with a smaller upper opening and a larger lower opening, thus reducing the friction between the template and the concrete during slipforming and lowering the risk of cracking of the silo wall concrete surface after demolding. In this embodiment, the upper width of the template is 5mm smaller than the silo wall thickness, and the lower width of the template is 5mm larger than the silo wall thickness.

[0040] Example 4: Figures 5 to 9As shown, the BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device of the present invention, based on the above method, further includes an unloading component 25 on the portal frame 1. The unloading component 25 includes a supporting bracket 26, a supporting cantilever beam 27, and a supporting steel beam 28. The supporting bracket 26 is located outside the left and right supporting legs of the portal frame 1, and is spaced apart from the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame 1. The supporting cantilever beam 27 is an integral structure with the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame 1, and the length of the supporting cantilever beam 27 extending beyond the side of the portal frame 1 is at least matched with the length of the supporting bracket 26. The supporting steel beam 28 is detachably connected to the supporting bracket 26, and the length of the supporting steel beam 28 is greater than the sum of the distances between the three adjacent portal frames 1. The support rod 5 is a hollow structure. A plug 29 is provided at the joint of two sections of the support rod 5, which closes the channel connecting the two sections of the support rod 5. A limit rod 30 is also provided on the plug 29. The limit rod 30 is located on one side of the free end of the support rod 5. The central axis of the limit rod 30 is coincident with the central axis of the support rod 5. When center offset occurs during the slipform construction of shallow circular silo, the bearing steel beam 28 is installed on the portal frame 1, and then the support rod 5 at the middle position is cut off. The cut end of the support rod 5 is located below the crossbeam of the portal frame 1. Next, an auxiliary support rod 31 is inserted into the support rod 5. The auxiliary support rod 31 includes an abutment section 32 and a bearing section 33. The abutment section 32 has a limiting channel 34 that matches the structural dimensions of the limiting rod 30. The abutment section 32 is sleeved on the limiting rod 30, and the end of the abutment section 32 abuts against the plug 29. The end of the bearing section 33 extends beyond the end of the support rod 5. A threaded section 35 is also provided between the abutment section 32 and the bearing section 33. A bearing plate 36 is provided at the cut-off portion of the support rod 5. The diameter of the bearing plate 36 is larger than the diameter of the support rod 5. The bearing plate 36 and the threaded section 35 are threadedly connected. The bearing plate 36 abuts against the end of the support rod 5 above the cut-off portion. After the auxiliary support rod 31 and the bearing plate 36 are installed, concrete grout is injected into the support rod 5 below the cut. After the concrete solidifies, the above operation is repeated. After all the support rods 5 are cut and inserted into the auxiliary support rod 31, the correction operation of the shallow circular silo center offset and the subsequent slipform construction can be carried out.

[0041] This embodiment considers that during the construction of slipform systems for shallow circular silos, center offset and tilting of the slipform device frequently occur due to uneven loads, asynchronous hydraulic systems, wind loads, or improper operation. This not only affects the pouring quality of the concrete in the silo walls but may even lead to safety accidents. Currently, center offset is usually corrected using the "platform height difference method" or the "strut correction method." The core of these methods is to adjust the stroke of the hydraulic jack on one side of the slipform device to create a reverse tilt of the platform, thereby gradually pulling the center back.

[0042] However, when using the above method to correct the center offset of the slipform device, the support rod 5 bears a huge additional eccentric load due to the tilt of the slipform device, and it is very easy to bend and deform. This causes the support rod 5 to apply additional lateral pressure to the silo wall concrete. In particular, when the slipform device slides upward, the lateral pressure applied by the support rod 5 will act entirely on the demolded silo wall concrete, causing quality problems such as vertical cracking and deformation of the shallow circular silo wall concrete.

[0043] Based on the above problems, before performing the center offset correction operation during slipform construction, the present invention uses the method of cutting off the support rod 5 to eliminate the lateral pressure borne by the support rod 5 below the cut, thereby preventing the lateral pressure from causing vertical cracks and deformation in the demolded silo wall concrete, and ensuring the quality of the shallow circular silo wall concrete.

[0044] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the support rod 5 is cut off, the load of the portal frame 1 at that location is transferred to the load-bearing steel beam 28, thus avoiding the problem of instability of the portal frame 1 due to the cutting of the support rod 5. After cutting off the support rod 5, the auxiliary support rod 31 is inserted and abuts against the support rod 5 above the cut through the load-bearing plate 36, allowing the support rod 5 above the cut and the auxiliary support rod 31 to combine to form a new support system, jointly bearing the load of the portal frame 1. Furthermore, concrete grout is injected into the support rod 5 below the cut, and after the concrete solidifies, it will combine the auxiliary support rod 31 with the support rod 5 below the cut, further enhancing the stability and reliability of the auxiliary support rod 31 as the main load-bearing component.

[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the diameter of the abutment section 32 is smaller than the diameter of the threaded section 35. When connecting the bearing plate 36 to the auxiliary support rod 31, the bearing plate 36 is placed at the cut end of the support rod 5, and then the auxiliary support rod 31 is inserted into the support rod. When the threaded section 35 reaches the cut end of the support rod 5, the bearing plate 36 is screwed in to complete the connection between the two.

[0046] In the support system formed by the support rod 5 above the cut and the auxiliary support rod 31, the support rod 5 has a certain degree of freedom of movement. Therefore, during the correction operation of the center offset of the sliding mold device, the support rod 5 will slide on the bearing plate 36 under the action of eccentric load, so that the central axis of the support rod 5 above the cut can be re-aligned with the central axis of the support rod 5 below the cut.

[0047] In this embodiment, after the bearing plate 36 abuts against the support rod 5 above the cut, a first limiting strip 37 and a second limiting strip 38 need to be welded onto the bearing plate 36. The first limiting strip 37 is parallel to the direction of sliding of the support rod 5 during the correction process, and two first limiting strips 37 are provided, abutting against the support rod 5. The second limiting strip 38 is perpendicular to the direction of sliding of the support rod 5 during the correction process, and the second limiting strip 38 is spaced apart from the support rod 5. The distance between the second limiting strip 38 and the support rod 5 is equal to the distance the support rod 5 needs to slide during the correction process. This structural arrangement effectively restricts the degree of freedom of the support rod 5 during the correction operation, ensuring that the support rod 5 slides in a predetermined direction and distance, avoiding excessive sliding or incorrect sliding direction.

[0048] Example 5: Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the BIM-based slipform construction method for shallow circular silos described in this invention includes the following steps: S1. Construction Preparation: Based on the construction drawings and actual site conditions, a three-dimensional model of the shallow circular silo is established using BIM technology. The installation position, size, and structure of the slipform device are simulated and optimized, and the installation drawings of the slipform device are output. S2. Foundation construction and silo wall reinforcement installation: Excavate, tie reinforcement and pour concrete for the shallow circular silo foundation according to design requirements; after the foundation construction is completed, tie reinforcement for the silo walls. S3. Installation of slipform device: Based on the formed shallow circular silo, install the following components in sequence according to the output slipform device installation drawings: gantry bracket 1, lifting system 2, template system 3, operating platform system 4, horizontal control rod 7, and vertical control component 11. S4. Equipment debugging and inspection: After the sliding formwork device is installed, the various functions of the sliding formwork device shall be debugged and inspected. S5. Concrete pouring and slipform construction: After the slipform device is debugged, the concrete for the shallow circular silo wall is poured; a layered pouring method is adopted, and the thickness of each layer of concrete is controlled within the set range to ensure the compactness of the concrete. S6. Slipform device lifting: After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, the hydraulic jacks 6 drive each portal frame 1 to climb up synchronously along the support rods 5, so that the formwork system 3 slides upward as a whole; after the slipform device slides into place, the surface of the demolded concrete is simultaneously smoothed and cured. Repeat steps S5 and S6 until the concrete for the shallow circular silo wall is poured to the design elevation.

[0049] In this embodiment, during the reinforcement binding process in step S2, horizontal reinforcement bars are connected by mechanical or lap splices. The lap length should not be less than 50d. The horizontal positions of the horizontal reinforcement bar splices should be staggered, with a staggered distance of not less than one lap length and not less than 1m. One splice is allowed every three reinforcement bars on the same vertical section. The cutting length of the vertical reinforcement bars in the silo wall should be controlled between 4m and 5m. The reinforcement bars are connected by lap splices, and the splices are staggered according to the requirements for vertical reinforcement bars in shear walls in drawing 22G101-1. To ensure the design position of the horizontal reinforcement bars in the silo wall, a horizontal control rod 7 with parallel sides is installed every three meters circumferentially. After the vertical reinforcement bars are bound, their upper ends are fixed with vertical control components 11. Horizontal and vertical reinforcement bars should be in close contact, and all intersection points should be bound, with the binding wire ends facing away from the formwork surface. Tie bars should be installed between the inner and outer reinforcement bars of the silo wall, arranged in a staggered pattern.

[0050] During concrete pouring, a designated person should be responsible for checking the pouring height to ensure that the pouring surface is on the same horizontal plane. The pouring direction should be changed systematically and evenly, and the pouring must be done in layers, symmetrically, and in concentric circles. Generally, one circle must be poured within 2 to 2.5 hours to ensure continuous bonding between layers before initial setting, thus guaranteeing the overall strength of the concrete. Specific pouring requirements are as follows: 1. Pouring Interval Time: Concrete pouring should be continuous. If an interruption is necessary, the interval should be shortened to ensure that the second layer of concrete is poured before the initial setting of the first layer. The initial setting requirements for concrete should be determined based on different strength grades and locations, taking into account the temperature. In hot seasons, the concrete on both sides of the pre-reserved holes should be poured first, and the concrete on both sides of the pre-reserved holes should be poured symmetrically and evenly.

[0051] II. Key points to note during pouring: 1) Based on weather conditions, plan for continuous 24-hour operation per day; normal pouring should be approximately 300mm per layer, with the time interval between two adjacent pours not exceeding 0.5 hours. The time interval between the upper layer of concrete covering the lower layer should not exceed the concrete setting time (equivalent to the time when the concrete penetration resistance is 0.35kN / cm2). Maintain the concrete in a plastic state (concrete strength 0.2-0.4MPa or concrete penetration resistance reaching 0.30-0.35kN / cm2) during the slip-lifting process to prevent cracking. When the interval exceeds the specified time, the joint should be treated as a construction joint. Concrete pouring should be divided into sections, with the pouring quantity and time of each section being roughly the same. Strictly adhere to the layered uniform pouring system, and do not pour in one direction from one end to prevent the structure from tilting. When using an immersion vibrator, avoid contact with reinforcing bars, support rods, and formwork. The vibrator should be inserted into the previous layer of concrete, but the depth should not exceed 50mm. When the concrete reaches approximately 1 meter above the design elevation, the pouring speed should be slowed down, and the formwork should be leveled and centered gradually before the final pour. To ensure a good joint between the slab wall and the foundation, the first layer should be a 50mm thick mortar of the same strength, followed by concrete. Repeat this process for the second, third, and so on, until the concrete height inside the formwork reaches 700-800mm. Stop pouring concrete at this point and conduct a test run, checking 2-3 strokes, stopping the run at approximately 75mm to ensure the formwork around the slab wall is synchronized. If any asynchrony is found, immediately investigate and resolve the cause before continuing the test run for 1-2 more strokes. If everything is normal, stop the test run and continue pouring concrete in layers, each layer being 300mm thick. After the concrete has filled the formwork, vibration should be completed, and the formwork can be raised, 10 strokes (approximately 300mm) each time. Repeat this process until the bottom elevation of the top slab is reached.

[0052] 2) At the junction of the poured wall and the reserved opening, due to the dense reinforcement, a Φ30mm vibrator should be used and the vibration should be strengthened to ensure the compactness of the concrete and the quality of the pouring. At the same time, attention should be paid to the symmetrical and even pouring of the concrete on both sides of the reserved opening to prevent the reserved opening from shifting.

[0053] 3) Vibration Method: Use a "row-and-column" method, with vibration points evenly arranged. Each movement distance should not exceed 1.5 times the effective radius R of the vibrator (approximately 400mm) to prevent under-vibration. When using the vibrator, "quick insertion and slow withdrawal" should be performed to prevent segregation and stratification of the surface concrete, and to avoid voids caused by withdrawing the vibrator. The vibration time is 20-30 seconds, determined by the concrete surface becoming level, no longer significantly settling, and the absence of air bubbles and surface slurry. After each slip-up, the vibrator should penetrate 50mm into the lower layer of concrete.

[0054] III. Concrete Curing: After concrete is demolded, it is plastic and needs to be inspected and repaired in a timely manner. Surface repair and troweling should be carried out by a specialist. This practice can check the quality of the concrete after demolding, facilitate timely treatment measures, and help improve the level of project quality control. At the same time, the troweling process can change the surface structure of the concrete and increase the density of the concrete surface, which has a beneficial effect on concrete curing and strength development.

[0055] The concrete should be smoothed with a trowel using the original grout. During the curing period, the concrete surface should be kept moist. The curing method is as follows: the main water pipe is connected to the height of the slipform platform along the access runway. A PVC water pipe is tied around the bottom of the inner and outer formwork of each warehouse and connected to the main water pipe. A hole is drilled every 20cm. Two water tanks are set at symmetrical distances from the main water pipe to the construction platform. After the water tanks are filled with water, two booster pumps are set up to pressurize both ends and form an automatic sprinkler system for water curing.

[0056] The lifting operation of the slipform device is divided into three stages: Initial slipforming: Concrete is poured in three layers to a height of 1000mm. When the concrete strength reaches 0.2-0.4 MPa (concrete penetration resistance reaches 0.30-0.35 kN / cm²), trial lifting begins. Lift five times, observing the concrete's demolding strength. If it meets the requirements, the formwork can be slipped 200mm higher. Then, a comprehensive inspection of all lifting equipment and the formwork system is conducted. Only after confirming normal operation can normal slipforming begin. During the initial trial slipforming stage, the slipforming device and the concrete's setting state must be checked first. During the trial slip, all jacks should be simultaneously and slowly raised 50-100mm. The demolded concrete should leave a slight fingerprint when pressed with a finger and should not be sticky. A rustling sound should be heard during slipforming, indicating that slipforming conditions are met. When the formwork is slipped to a height of 200-300mm, a brief pause should be made. The initial lifting time should be determined based on the cement type, grade, and initial and final setting times. The initial lifting speed should not be too fast.

[0057] Normal slipforming: After initial slipforming, pour concrete in sections and layers according to normal shifts and flow rates, slipforming layer by layer. During normal slipforming, the time interval between two slipforming operations should not exceed 0.5 hours, determined by the concrete strength reaching 0.2–0.4 MPa (concrete penetration resistance reaching 0.30–0.35 KN / cm²). The controlled pouring height for each layer is 230 mm. Tie one layer of reinforcement (for each pouring layer), pour one layer of concrete, lift the formwork once, and repeat this cycle until slipforming is completed.

[0058] The final slipforming stage: When the formwork is slip-raised to 700mm from the bottom of the parapet wall, the slipforming enters the final slipforming stage. At this point, the slipforming speed should be slowed down, and accurate leveling and alignment work should be carried out to ensure that the final layer of concrete is evenly distributed. The final layer of concrete should be poured in one go, and the concrete must be on a level surface. Ensure the correct top elevation and position. Within 4 hours after the final layer of concrete is poured, it should be raised every half hour until the concrete no longer adheres to the formwork.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based slipform device for shallow circular silos, characterized in that, It includes a gantry support, a lifting system, a formwork system and an operating platform system. The gantry support spans across the wall structure of the shallow silo, and the gantry supports are arranged at intervals along the wall of the shallow silo. The formwork system is connected to the support legs on the left and right of the gantry support. The formwork system is used to form a pouring cavity for the wall concrete of the shallow silo. The operating platform system is oppositely arranged on the outer side of the gantry support. The operating platform system is used to form an operating space for construction workers. The lifting system includes a support rod and a hydraulic jack. The central axis of the support rod coincides with the central axis of the gantry support. One end of the support rod is buried in the wall concrete of the shallow silo, and the other end passes through the top of the gantry support. The hydraulic jack is connected to the cross beam at the top of the gantry support. By the action of the hydraulic jack, the gantry support can climb along the support rod. A horizontal control rod is further arranged on the gantry support. The horizontal control rod includes a fixed section and a control section. The fixed section is connected to the support legs on the left and right of the gantry support. The control section extends vertically into the concrete pouring cavity formed by the formwork system. A roller is further arranged on the control section. The roller abuts against the steel bar framework of the shallow silo wall to control the distance between the steel bar framework and the concrete contact surface of the formwork system.

2. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical control component is further arranged at the top of adjacent gantry supports. The control component includes a "J" - shaped support and a limiting rib. The "J" - shaped support is connected to the cross beam at the top of the gantry support. The limiting rib spans between the "J" - shaped supports. A limiting loop is arranged on the limiting rib. The vertical steel bars of the steel bar framework of the shallow silo wall pass through the limiting loop.

3. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting loop is arranged as a rectangular structure. A sleeve is sleeved on each structural round bar of the limiting loop. The sleeve can roll on the structural round bar of the limiting loop.

4. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection between the horizontal control rod and the vertical control component and the gantry support is a separable connection fit.

5. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating platform system includes platform horizontal beams, platform diagonal braces and platform formwork. The platform horizontal beams are oppositely arranged on the side of the gantry support. The platform horizontal beams are arranged at intervals with the cross beam at the top of the gantry support; one end of the platform diagonal brace is connected to the bottom of the support leg of the gantry support, and the other end is connected to the end of the platform horizontal beam. The platform formwork is laid on the platform horizontal beams. A protective steel pipe is further arranged at the end of the platform horizontal beam. A protective net is hung on the protective steel pipe. The protective steel pipe and the protective net cooperate to form a protective barrier at the edge of the operating platform system.

6. The BIM - based slip - form device for a shallow silo according to claim 5, wherein the length of the protective steel pipe is adjustable.

7. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The template system includes an inner template, an outer template, and back ribs. The inner template corresponds to the inner concrete surface of the shallow circular silo wall, and the outer template corresponds to the outer concrete surface of the shallow circular silo wall. Multiple back ribs are arranged parallel to the height direction of the inner and outer templates, and the back ribs are used to reinforce the template. The template system also includes limiting top rods, which are set on the left and right support legs of the portal frame. The ends of the limiting top rods abut against the inner and outer templates, and the limiting top rods abut against the bottom of the back ribs.

8. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cross-sectional width of the shallow circular silo wall concrete pouring cavity formed by the inner template and the outer template gradually decreases from the bottom to the top.

9. The BIM-based shallow circular silo slipform device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The portal frame is also equipped with an unloading component, which includes a load-bearing bracket, a supporting cantilever beam, and a load-bearing steel beam. The load-bearing bracket is located outside the left and right supporting legs of the portal frame, and is spaced apart from the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame. The supporting cantilever beam and the crossbeam at the top of the portal frame are an integral structure, and the length of the supporting cantilever beam extending beyond the side of the portal frame is at least matched with the length of the load-bearing bracket. The load-bearing steel beam and the load-bearing bracket are detachably connected, and the length of the load-bearing steel beam is greater than the sum of the distances between the three adjacent portal frames. The support rod is a hollow structure, and a plug is provided at the joint of the two support rod sections to close the channel connecting the two support rod sections; a limit rod is also provided on the plug, and the limit rod is located on one side of the free end of the support rod; the central axis of the limit rod is coincident with the central axis of the support rod. When center offset occurs during the slipform construction of the shallow circular silo, the bearing steel beam is installed on the portal frame, and then the support rod at the middle position is cut off, with the cut end of the support rod located below the crossbeam of the portal frame; Next, an auxiliary support rod is inserted into the support rod. The auxiliary support rod includes an abutment section and a bearing section. The abutment section has a limiting channel that matches the structural dimensions of the limiting rod. The abutment section is sleeved on the limiting rod, and its end abuts against the plug. The end of the bearing section extends beyond the end of the support rod. A threaded section is also provided between the abutment section and the bearing section. A bearing plate is provided at the cut-off portion of the support rod, and the diameter of the bearing plate is larger than the diameter of the support rod. The bearing plate and the threaded section are threadedly connected, and the bearing plate abuts against the end of the support rod above the cut-off portion. After the auxiliary support rod and the bearing plate are installed, concrete grout is poured into the support rod below the cut. After the concrete solidifies, the above operation is repeated. After all the support rods are cut and inserted into the auxiliary support rod, the correction operation for the center offset of the shallow circular silo and the subsequent slipform construction can be carried out.

10. A BIM-based slipform construction method for shallow circular silos, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Construction Preparation: Based on the construction drawings and actual site conditions, a three-dimensional model of the shallow circular silo is established using BIM technology. The installation position, size, and structure of the slipform device are simulated and optimized, and the installation drawings of the slipform device are output. S2. Foundation construction and silo wall reinforcement installation: Excavate, tie reinforcement and pour concrete for the shallow circular silo foundation according to design requirements; after the foundation construction is completed, tie reinforcement for the silo walls. S3. Slipform Installation: Based on the formed shallow circular silo, install the portal frame, lifting system, template system, operating platform system, horizontal control rod and vertical control components in sequence according to the output slipform installation drawings; S4. Equipment debugging and inspection: After the sliding formwork device is installed, the various functions of the sliding formwork device shall be debugged and inspected. S5. Concrete pouring and slipform construction: After the slipform device is debugged, the concrete for the shallow circular silo wall is poured; a layered pouring method is adopted, and the thickness of each layer of concrete is controlled within the set range to ensure the compactness of the concrete. S6. Slipform device lifting: After the concrete reaches the demolding strength, hydraulic jacks are used to drive each portal frame to climb up synchronously along the support rods, so as to realize the overall upward sliding of the formwork system; after the slipform device is lifted into place, the surface of the demolded concrete is simultaneously smoothed and cured. Repeat steps S5 and S6 until the concrete for the shallow circular silo wall is poured to the design elevation.

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