High-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication, and relates to the technical field of high-pressure water pumps, the high-pressure water pump comprises a driving mechanism, a shell, a rebound structure, at least one plunger and a plunger cavity; the driving mechanism comprises a main shaft and at least one eccentric structure arranged on the main shaft, the outer side of each eccentric structure is sleeved with a thrust structure, the thrust structures and the eccentric structures can rotate relatively, and the thrust structures and the eccentric structures form a first sliding friction pair; the eccentric structure and the thrust structure are both located in the shell, the space, where the eccentric structure and the thrust structure are located, in the shell is simultaneously used for being filled with water or an aqueous solution, and the water or the aqueous solution can enter the first sliding friction pair in the shell; when the eccentric structure rotates, the thrust structure can push the plunger to move in the plunger cavity so as to pressurize water or an aqueous solution; and the plunger moves in the plunger cavity under the action of the resilience force of the resilience structure so as to suck water or an aqueous solution. The pump is high in output pressure and good in anti-pollution capacity.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of patent application No. 202111573616.4, filed on December 21, 2021, entitled "A High-Pressure Water Pump Based on Water or Aqueous Solution Lubrication". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure water pump technology, and in particular to a high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication. Background Technology

[0003] High-pressure water pumps are used to produce high-pressure water. As a core component, they are widely used in high-pressure cleaning, high-pressure fogging, fine mist fire extinguishing, seawater desalination, high-pressure deburring, and other fields.

[0004] Currently, widely used high-pressure water pumps include reciprocating pumps and water-lubricated axial piston pumps.

[0005] Reciprocating pumps have a long history and are widely used in the production of high-pressure water. They mainly consist of components such as a crankshaft, connecting rod, crosshead, and plunger. Lubricating oil is used to lubricate the power end, and sealing rings are needed to seal the pressurized water and isolate it from the lubricating oil. The main problems with this type of pump are: the need for regular lubricating oil changes, which pollute the environment; and the short lifespan and cumbersome replacement of the sealing rings.

[0006] In the 1990s, Danfoss, among others, successfully launched commercially available water-lubricated axial piston pumps, which offered advantages over reciprocating pumps, including environmental friendliness and high energy efficiency. The main moving parts employed hydrostatic supports, achieving a maximum pressure output of 16 MPa. Furthermore, CN105240237A proposed a water-lubricated piston pump. The main problems with these water-lubricated high-pressure pumps are: the extensive use of hydrostatic support design elements makes it difficult to achieve higher pressures due to high-pressure water leakage; hydrostatic supports also increase structural complexity and are susceptible to damage from contaminants, requiring high water filtration precision.

[0007] High-pressure water pumps using power-end water lubrication technology are environmentally friendly and highly efficient, undoubtedly representing an important development direction for high-pressure water pumps. However, water's low viscosity and poor lubrication properties for traditional materials make friction pair design and matching difficult, and the availability of limited high-performance materials suitable for water means that a water-lubricated high-pressure water pump with higher pressure, strong environmental adaptability, and good economic efficiency has not yet been commercially realized. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication, which has a simple structure and solves the problems of existing water-lubricated high-pressure water pumps being easily damaged by contaminants and having low pressure output.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0010] This invention provides a high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication, comprising a drive mechanism, a housing, a spring structure, at least one plunger, and a plunger cavity; the drive mechanism includes a main shaft and at least one eccentric structure disposed on the main shaft, a thrust structure sleeved on the outer side of each eccentric structure, the thrust structure and the eccentric structure being rotatable relative to each other, the thrust structure and the eccentric structure forming a first sliding friction pair; both the eccentric structure and the thrust structure are located in the housing, and the space within the housing containing the eccentric structure and the thrust structure is simultaneously used to fill water or aqueous solution, allowing water or aqueous solution to enter the first sliding friction pair within the housing; when the eccentric structure rotates, the thrust structure can push the plunger to move in the plunger cavity to pressurize the water or aqueous solution; the plunger moves in the plunger cavity under the action of the spring force of the spring structure to draw in water or aqueous solution.

[0011] Preferably, the outer edge curve of the section of the thrust structure perpendicular to the main shaft axis includes a first curve and a second curve. The vertical distance from a point on the first curve to the main shaft axis gradually increases from one end of the first curve to the other end, and the vertical distance from a point on the second curve to the main shaft axis gradually decreases from one end of the second curve connected to the other end of the first curve to the other end of the second curve connected to the first curve.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the eccentric structure and / or the inner surface of the thrust structure are provided with a first friction-reducing layer; the first friction-reducing layer is made of plastic.

[0013] Preferably, the plunger includes a plunger body, one end of which extends into the plunger cavity, the plunger body and the plunger cavity forming a second friction pair, and a second friction-reducing layer is fixed on the outer surface of the plunger body and / or the inner surface of the plunger cavity; the second friction-reducing layer is made of plastic.

[0014] Preferably, the high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication includes at least two thrust structures, each thrust structure corresponding to a plunger, and each plunger being located on one side of the main shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the eccentric structure includes a body and a sleeve structure, the sleeve structure is sleeved on the body, and a gap is provided between the sleeve structure and the body.

[0016] Preferably, the socket structure includes at least two socket bodies that are sequentially socketed, with the innermost socket body sleeved on the body body, and a gap provided between the innermost socket body and the body body, and a gap provided between adjacent socket structures.

[0017] Preferably, the thrust structure includes at least two thrust bodies that are nested together in sequence, with the innermost thrust body nested on the eccentric structure, and a gap provided between the innermost thrust body and the eccentric structure, and a gap provided between adjacent thrust bodies.

[0018] Preferably, it further includes a tappet cavity. The plunger includes a plunger body and a tappet. The tappet is slidable within the tappet cavity. The tappet and the tappet cavity form a third friction pair. A third anti-friction layer is fixed on the outer surface of the tappet and / or the inner surface of the tappet cavity. The third anti-friction layer is made of plastic. The thrust structure pushes the tappet to move within the tappet cavity, and the tappet transmits the force of the thrust structure to the plunger body, causing the plunger body to move within the plunger cavity to pressurize water or an aqueous solution.

[0019] Preferably, the plunger further includes a first plunger body, which is disposed at one end of the plunger body and contacts the thrust structure. The first plunger body and the plunger body are made of different materials.

[0020] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0021] The drive mechanism of this invention does not contain hydrostatic support. Through the matching of appropriate first friction pair materials, the first friction pair of the drive mechanism mainly reduces friction through the hydrodynamic lubrication effect generated by the mutual rotation of the eccentric structure and the thrust structure. The thrust structure and the plunger adopt low-friction rolling contact to push the plunger to pressurize water or aqueous solution. These key structures are simple to implement and have no flow loss, enabling the high-pressure water pump to achieve higher pressure and volumetric efficiency, and significantly improving the anti-pollution ability. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to the present invention (Example 1);

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 (Example 1);

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA cross-sectional view (Example 1);

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism of the present invention (Embodiment 2);

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 BB cross-sectional view (Example 2);

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the eccentric structure of the present invention (Embodiment 3);

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the thrust structure of the present invention (Embodiment 4);

[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to the present invention (Example 5);

[0031] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to the present invention (Example 6);

[0032] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to the present invention (Example 7);

[0033] Wherein: 100-High-pressure water pump lubricated by water or aqueous solution, 1-Cylinder body, 2-Housing shell, 3-Plunger body, 4-Drive mechanism, 5-Main shaft, 6-Cam, 7-Thrust structure, 8-First anti-friction layer, 9-Rebound structure, 10-First baffle, 11-First elastic element, 12-Plunger cavity, 13-Second anti-friction layer, 14-First tappet, 15-First tappet cavity, 16-Third anti-friction layer, 17-Ball joint rod, 18-First ball joint, 19-First ball socket, 20-Second ball joint, 21-Second ball socket, 22-... 23-Second tappet, 25-Third elastic element, 26-Boss, 29-Bearing, 30-Second baffle, 31-Second elastic element, 32-Eccentric structure, 33-Body, 34-Sleeve structure, 35-Connecting rod journal, 36-Crank, 37-One-way valve, 38-Thrust body, 39-Retaining ring, 40-First plunger body, 41-Housing inlet, 42-Cylinder inlet, 43-Plunger, 44-First curve, 45-Second curve, 47-Sleeve body, 48-Taper cavity, 49-Taper. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication, which has a simple structure and solves the problems of existing water-lubricated high-pressure water pumps being easily damaged by contaminants and having low pressure output.

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figures 1-3 As shown: This embodiment provides a high-pressure water pump 100 based on water or aqueous solution lubrication, including a drive mechanism 4, a housing 2, a spring structure 9, a hydraulic cylinder 1, at least one plunger 43, and a plunger cavity 12. The hydraulic cylinder 1, also known as the pump head, has the same function as the hydraulic cylinder of an existing reciprocating pump and is one of the main hydraulic components in the pump. The hydraulic cylinder 1 has high and low pressure fluid channels and a one-way valve 37. One plunger 43 corresponds to one suction valve and one discharge valve to realize fluid distribution, realizing the inflow of low-pressure water and the output of high-pressure water. The plunger cavity 12 can be set on the hydraulic cylinder 1 or the housing 2. The hydraulic cylinder 1 can be integrally machined or composed of multiple parts. The housing 2 is fixedly connected to the right end of the hydraulic cylinder 1. The hydraulic cylinder 1 and the housing 2 can be detachably connected or integrally molded. The housing 2 can also be composed of multiple parts. The drive mechanism 4 includes a main shaft 5 and at least one eccentric structure set on the main shaft 5. In this embodiment, the eccentric structure is a cam 6, preferably in the form of an eccentric wheel. A thrust structure 7 is fitted on the outer side of each cam 6. The thrust structure 7 and the cam 6 can rotate relative to each other, and the thrust structure 7 and the cam 6 form a first sliding friction pair. The outer edge curve of the section of the thrust structure 7 perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 5 includes a first curve 44 and a second curve 45. The vertical distance from a point on the first curve 44 to the axis of the main shaft 5 gradually increases from one end of the first curve 44 to the other end. The vertical distance from a point on the second curve 45 to the axis of the main shaft 5 gradually decreases from one end of the second curve 45 connected to the other end of the first curve 44 to the other end of the second curve 45 connected to the first curve 44.

[0039] Both the cam 6 and the thrust structure 7 are located within the housing 2. The space within the housing containing the cam 6 and the thrust structure 7 is also used to fill water or an aqueous solution. The water or aqueous solution can enter the housing 2, allowing the first sliding friction pair to improve lubrication and heat dissipation. The left end of each plunger 43 is located in the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the right end of each plunger 43 contacts the thrust structure 7. A spring-loaded structure 9 is provided on the plunger 43. One end of the main shaft 5 is connected to a power device (such as a motor). When the main shaft 5 drives the cam 6 to rotate, the thrust structure 7 rolls against the contact surface of the plunger 43 (there may be some sliding) while simultaneously pushing the plunger 43 in the plunger cavity 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 towards the hydraulic cylinder 1, thereby pressurizing the water or aqueous solution and discharging the water. Then, through the action of the spring-loaded structure 9, it ensures that the plunger 43 maintains contact with the thrust structure 7 during the return stroke and draws in water.

[0040] In this embodiment, a first friction-reducing layer 8 is provided on the outer surface of the cam 6 and / or the inner surface of the thrust structure 7. The first friction-reducing layer 8 can be fixed to the cam 6 or the thrust structure 7 by bonding or interference fit, or it can be directly formed on the surface by injection molding, spraying or other processes, so that water or aqueous solution enters the first sliding friction pair to generate a hydrodynamic lubrication effect.

[0041] The first friction-reducing layer 8 is made of plastic, preferably thermoplastic materials such as polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyamide, polyarylether, etc. The tribological properties can be effectively improved by adding fibers, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. to the plastic.

[0042] In this embodiment, the cam 6 can be manufactured as an integral part with the main shaft 5, or it can be manufactured as separate parts and assembled and fixed together, so that the cam 6 and the main shaft 5 rotate simultaneously. Each thrust structure 7 is respectively mounted on each cam 6. In this embodiment, three cams 6 are set on the main shaft 5, each cam 6 pushing a plunger 43 to pressurize water or an aqueous solution; in the direction of rotation, the three cams 6 have a 120-degree phase difference. When each thrust structure 7 pushes only one plunger 43, the friction characteristic between the thrust structure 7 and the plunger 43 is mainly rolling friction; conversely, when each thrust structure 7 pushes multiple plungers 43, the friction between the thrust structure 7 and the plungers 43 may become mainly sliding friction. In aquatic environments with poor lubrication characteristics, the one-to-one correspondence between the thrust structure 7 and the plunger 43 is of great significance for reducing friction and wear in the power system and improving structural lifespan.

[0043] Meanwhile, each plunger body 3 is arranged on one side of the main shaft 5, which simplifies the structure and facilitates manufacturing.

[0044] In this embodiment, the rebound structure 9 includes a first baffle 10 and a first elastic element 11. The first baffle 10 is fixed to the right end of the plunger body 3, one end of the first elastic element 11 abuts against the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the other end of the first elastic element 11 abuts against the first baffle 10.

[0045] The plunger 43 can be constructed from a single part or a combination of multiple parts. In this embodiment, the plunger 43 includes a plunger body 3. One end of the plunger body 3 extends into the plunger cavity 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 1. The plunger body 3 and the plunger cavity 12 form a second friction pair. A gap of 1μm-30μm is provided in the second friction pair. The gap ensures that the plunger body 3 moves smoothly in the plunger cavity 12, while inhibiting the leakage of high-pressure fluid in the plunger cavity 12 to the low-pressure end. Water or aqueous solution plays a lubricating role in the friction pair in the gap, and at the same time carries away frictional heat.

[0046] In this embodiment, a second friction-reducing layer 13 is fixed to the outer surface of the plunger body 3 and / or the inner surface of the plunger cavity 12. The second friction-reducing layer 13 is made of plastic, preferably a thermoplastic material, such as polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyamide, polyarylether, etc. By adding fibers, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. to the plastic, the tribological properties can be effectively improved.

[0047] In this embodiment, the second friction-reducing layer 13 can be fixed to the outer surface of the plunger body 3 or the inner surface of the plunger cavity 12 by bonding or interference fit, or it can be directly formed on the surface of the second friction pair by injection molding, spraying or other processes.

[0048] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 4 is rotatably connected to the housing 2 by means of the bearing 29.

[0049] This embodiment has a simple structure, requires no lubricating oil, is easy to maintain, and can achieve a pressure output of over 30MPa.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] like Figures 4-5 As shown: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that in this embodiment, the eccentric structure 32 is a crankshaft, the connecting rod journals 35 are all connected to the main shaft 5 through the crank 36, the thrust structure 7 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting rod journals 35, and the first anti-friction layer 8 is provided on the outer surface of the connecting rod journals 35 and / or the inner surface of the thrust structure 7.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] like Figure 6As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the eccentric structure 32 includes a body 33 and a sleeve structure 34. The sleeve structure 34 is sleeved on the body 33, and a gap is provided between the sleeve structure 34 and the body 33. The thrust structure 7 is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve structure 34, and the first anti-friction layer 8 is disposed on the outer surface of the sleeve structure 34 and / or the inner surface of the thrust structure 7. The thrust structure 7 and the sleeve structure 34 can rotate relative to each other.

[0054] The socket structure 34 may also consist of at least two socket bodies 47 that are sequentially socketed. The innermost socket body 47 is fitted onto the body 33, and there is a gap between the innermost socket body 47 and the body 33. There is also a gap between adjacent socket bodies 47.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] like Figure 7 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the thrust structure 7 includes at least two thrust bodies 38 that are sequentially nested together. The innermost thrust body 38 is fitted onto the eccentric structure 32, and a gap is provided between the innermost thrust body 38 and the eccentric structure 32. Gaps are also provided between adjacent thrust bodies 38. A first friction-reducing layer 8 is provided on the outer surface of the eccentric structure 32 and / or the inner surface of the innermost thrust body 38.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] In Embodiment 1, during the process of the thrust structure 7 pushing the plunger body 3 to the left, the contact position between the thrust structure 7 and the plunger body 3 changes with the rotation angle. When the contact position is not at the center of the plunger body 3, it will bring a bending moment load to the plunger body 3; the further away from the center, the greater the bending moment load. As the pump output fluid pressure increases, the bending moment on the plunger body 3 becomes more severe, and the stress between the second friction pairs increases significantly, which may lead to the rapid failure of the second friction pairs. By introducing a tappet 49 with a larger diameter to bear the main bending moment load, the bending moment load borne by the plunger 43 is greatly reduced, which can effectively solve this problem and further improve the output pressure of the water pump.

[0059] like Figure 8As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: in this embodiment, the plunger 43 includes a plunger body 3 and a tappet 49. In this embodiment, the tappet 49 is a first tappet 14. A ball joint rod 17 is provided between the plunger body 3 and the first tappet 14. A first ball joint 18 at one end of the ball joint rod 17 is provided in a first ball socket 19 of the plunger body 3. The first ball joint 18 and / or the first ball socket 19 are provided with a friction-reducing coating. A second ball joint 20 at the other end of the ball joint rod 17 is provided in a second ball socket 21 of the first tappet 14. The second ball joint 20 and / or the second ball socket 21 are provided with a friction-reducing coating. The first ball joint 18 and the second ball joint 20 can rotate in the first ball socket 19 and the second ball socket 21, respectively.

[0060] The right end of the first tappet 14 abuts against the thrust structure 7. The first tappet 14 can slide in the tappet cavity 48 on the cylinder body 1 or the housing 2. In this embodiment, the tappet cavity 48 is the first tappet cavity 15. The first tappet 14 and the first tappet cavity 15 form a third friction pair. The outer surface of the first tappet 14 and / or the inner surface of the first tappet cavity 15 are fixed with a third anti-friction layer 16. When the thrust structure 7 pushes the first tappet 14 to move toward the cylinder body 1, the first tappet 14 then applies force to the plunger body 3 through the ball joint rod 17, so that the plunger body 3 moves in the plunger cavity 12 to pressurize the water or aqueous solution.

[0061] In this embodiment, the third friction-reducing layer 16 is made of plastic, preferably a thermoplastic material, such as polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyamide, polyarylether, etc. Adding fibers, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. to the plastic can effectively improve its tribological properties. The third friction-reducing layer can be fixed by bonding or interference fit, or it can be directly formed on the inner wall of the first ejector cavity 15 and / or the outer cylindrical surface of the first ejector 14 by injection molding, spraying, or other processes.

[0062] In this embodiment, the springback structure 9 includes a second baffle 30 and a second elastic element 31. The second baffle 30 is fixed to one end of the first tappet 14, and one end of the second elastic element 31 abuts against the hydraulic cylinder 1, while the other end of the second elastic element 31 abuts against the second baffle 30. The main shaft 5 drives the cam 6 to rotate. When the cam 6 rotates, the thrust structure 7 pushes the first tappet 14 towards the hydraulic cylinder 1 through contact. Through the action of the springback structure 9, it is ensured that the first tappet 14 remains in contact with the thrust structure 7 during the return stroke.

[0063] In this embodiment, a groove is provided on the inner wall of the first push rod 14, and a retaining ring 39 is placed in the groove. The bottom of the plunger body 3 protrudes, and the protrusion at the bottom of the plunger body 3 is limited by the first push rod 14 through the retaining ring 39, so as to ensure that during the return stroke of the plunger 43, the plunger body 3 can follow the first push rod 14 to move away from the hydraulic cylinder 1. The first ball head 18 and the second ball head 20 at both ends of the ball head rod 17 are respectively kept in the first ball socket 19 and the second ball socket 21.

[0064] In this embodiment, the plunger body 3 is installed inside the plunger cavity 12, with a very small gap (e.g., 1-20 μm) between the plunger body 3 and the inner surface of the plunger cavity 12, allowing the plunger body 3 to reciprocate within the plunger cavity 12. When the plunger body 3 moves away from the hydraulic cylinder 1, it draws in fluid. When the plunger body 3 moves towards the hydraulic cylinder 1, it pressurizes the fluid and discharges it. The outer surface of the plunger body 3 and the inner surface of the plunger cavity 12 form a sliding friction pair, and an anti-friction coating is provided on the outer surface of the plunger body 3, or the inner surface of the plunger cavity 12, or both.

[0065] In this embodiment, the preferred material for the friction-reducing coating is DLC (diamond-like carbon coating), as DLC material has a good friction-reducing effect.

[0066] In this embodiment, during the process of the thrust structure 7 pushing the first tappet 14 to the left, the contact position between the thrust structure 7 and the first tappet 14 changes with the rotation angle. When the contact position is not at the center of the first tappet 14, it will bring a bending moment load to the first tappet 14. The further away from the center position, the greater the bending moment load. In this embodiment, the first tappet 14 bears the main bending moment load and undergoes microscopic deformation. The ball joint rod 17 coordinates the deformation of the first tappet 14 under load, as well as the misalignment caused by machining and assembly errors between the first tappet 14 and the plunger body 3. During fluid pressurization, the force exerted on the plunger body 3 by the ball joint rod 17 is mainly a thrust along the axial direction of the plunger body 3. The bending load is greatly reduced, and the friction force in the plunger 43 and the plunger cavity 12 is also greatly reduced, ensuring the long service life of the plunger body 3.

[0067] In this embodiment, the friction pair component with DLC coating can also be implemented directly using components with ceramic or hard alloy materials as the whole or on the friction surface.

[0068] This embodiment has a simple structure and can achieve a pressure output of over 50 MPa.

[0069] Example 6

[0070] like Figure 9As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that: in this embodiment, the tappet 49 is the second tappet 22, and the tappet cavity 48 is the second tappet cavity 23; in this embodiment, one end of the plunger body 3 abuts against the inner surface of the second tappet 22, and the contact surface is an arc-shaped surface. This structure also enables the second tappet 22 to bear most of the bending load during operation, helping to reduce the force between the plunger 43 and the plunger cavity 12 when the plunger body 3 and the second tappet 22 are not coaxial. A friction-reducing coating is provided on the right end face of the plunger body 3 and / or the inner surface of the second tappet 22.

[0071] In this embodiment, the rebound structure 9 includes a third elastic element 25, which is sleeved on the plunger body 3. One end of the third elastic element 25 abuts against the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the other end of the third elastic element 25 abuts against the boss 26 at one end of the plunger body 3. The plunger body 3 is pressed against the inner surface of the second pusher 22 by the third elastic element 25.

[0072] Similar to Embodiment 5, the outer surface of the plunger body 3, or the inner surface of the plunger cavity 12, or both the outer surface of the plunger body 3 and the inner surface of the plunger cavity 12 are provided with a friction-reducing coating.

[0073] The preferred material for the anti-friction coating is DLC (diamond-like carbon coating).

[0074] Similar to Example 5, the friction pair component with DLC coating can also be implemented directly using components with ceramic or hard alloy materials as the whole or on the friction surface.

[0075] Similar to Embodiment 5, a third friction-reducing layer 16 of the same material is fixed on the outer surface of the second tappet 22 and / or the inner surface of the second tappet cavity 23.

[0076] Example 7

[0077] like Figure 10 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the plunger 43 is composed of separate parts, and the plunger 43 also includes a first plunger body 40. In this embodiment, the first plunger body 40 is a wear-resistant plate, which is connected to the right end of the plunger body 3. The plunger body 3 is located in the plunger cavity 12, and the plunger body 3 realizes the pressurization function in the plunger cavity 12. The wear-resistant plate is in contact with the thrust structure 7 and transmits the force exerted by the thrust structure 7 on the wear-resistant plate to the plunger body 3. The plunger body 3 and the wear-resistant plate are made of different materials. The wear-resistant plate is composed of a relatively hard material that is resistant to friction and wear and has resistance to contact fatigue, preferably ceramic, hard alloy, martensitic stainless steel, high-nitrogen stainless steel, etc.

[0078] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication, characterized in that: The device includes a drive mechanism, a housing, a spring-loaded structure, at least one plunger, and a plunger cavity. The drive mechanism includes a main shaft and at least one eccentric structure mounted on the main shaft. A thrust structure is sleeved on the outer side of each eccentric structure. The thrust structure and the eccentric structure are rotatable relative to each other and form a first sliding friction pair. Both the eccentric structure and the thrust structure are located within the housing. The space within the housing containing the eccentric structure and the thrust structure is simultaneously used to fill water or an aqueous solution. The water or aqueous solution can enter the first sliding friction pair within the housing. When the eccentric structure rotates, the thrust structure can push the plunger to move in the plunger cavity to pressurize the water or aqueous solution. Under the action of the spring-loaded structure's rebound force, the plunger moves in the plunger cavity to draw in water or an aqueous solution.

2. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge curve of the section of the thrust structure perpendicular to the main shaft axis includes a first curve and a second curve. The vertical distance from a point on the first curve to the main shaft axis gradually increases from one end of the first curve to the other end. The vertical distance from a point on the second curve to the main shaft axis gradually decreases from one end of the second curve connected to the other end of the first curve to the other end of the second curve connected to the first curve.

3. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the eccentric structure and / or the inner surface of the thrust structure are provided with a first friction-reducing layer; the first friction-reducing layer is made of plastic.

4. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plunger includes a plunger body, one end of which extends into the plunger cavity. The plunger body and the plunger cavity form a second friction pair. A second friction-reducing layer is fixed on the outer surface of the plunger body and / or the inner surface of the plunger cavity. The second friction-reducing layer is made of plastic.

5. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication includes at least two thrust structures, each thrust structure corresponding to a plunger, and each plunger being located on one side of the main shaft.

6. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The eccentric structure includes a body and a sleeve structure, the sleeve structure is sleeved on the body, and a gap is provided between the sleeve structure and the body.

7. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 6, characterized in that: The socket structure includes at least two socket bodies that are sequentially socketed together. The innermost socket body is fitted onto the main body, and a gap is provided between the innermost socket body and the main body. A gap is also provided between adjacent socket structures.

8. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thrust structure includes at least two thrust bodies that are nested together in sequence. The innermost thrust body is nested on the eccentric structure. There is a gap between the innermost thrust body and the eccentric structure, and there is a gap between adjacent thrust bodies.

9. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: It also includes a tappet cavity. The plunger includes a plunger body and a tappet. The tappet can slide within the tappet cavity. The tappet and the tappet cavity form a third friction pair. A third anti-friction layer is fixed on the outer surface of the tappet and / or the inner surface of the tappet cavity. The third anti-friction layer is made of plastic. The thrust structure pushes the tappet to move within the tappet cavity. The tappet then transmits the force of the thrust structure to the plunger body, causing the plunger body to move within the plunger cavity to pressurize water or an aqueous solution.

10. The high-pressure water pump based on water or aqueous solution lubrication according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plunger also includes a first plunger body, which is disposed at one end of the plunger body and is in contact with the thrust structure. The first plunger body and the plunger body are made of different materials.

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